CN107278607A - A kind of interplanting method for eating broad bean and corn raw - Google Patents
A kind of interplanting method for eating broad bean and corn raw Download PDFInfo
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- CN107278607A CN107278607A CN201710685797.7A CN201710685797A CN107278607A CN 107278607 A CN107278607 A CN 107278607A CN 201710685797 A CN201710685797 A CN 201710685797A CN 107278607 A CN107278607 A CN 107278607A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of interplanting method for eating broad bean and corn raw, broad bean is planted with corn in banding alternate intervals, broad bean band is planted in the planting season of broad bean, the planting season of broad bean is earlier than corn, broad bean is prior to corn planting, plant the space of reserved maize planting band during broad bean, until the planting season maize planting band of corn, every broad bean band plants 2~3 row broad beans, every 2 row corns are planted in corn belt, the line space of broad bean and corn is reasonably distributed, and will not be influenced each other between broad bean and the row and row of corn, ventilation and penetrating light effect is more preferable.The band spacing of broad bean band and corn belt is 50~67cm, after corn planting, corn belt and broad bean band and not near but with enough gaps for printing opacity.The production period of broad bean and corn is not consistent, reasonable Arrangement line space, and crop groups can be made to have by luminous environment, disease is reduced, so as to improve crop yield.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to agricultural plantation technology field, a kind of interplanting method for eating broad bean and corn raw is further related to.
Background technology
Broad bean is the legume of a kind of grain dish dual-purpose, land used and combination of increasing soil fertility, and dish is rich in egg with the seed for eating broad bean raw
White matter, fat, mineral matter, are vegetables delicacies rich in multivitamin, are a kind of important vernal crop diversities.Corn is used as China
One of topmost cereal crops, are also worldwide production highest cereal crops, are area and yield in dry land grain crops
Crop with the largest potentiality, has extensive plantation in north of China and southwestern hills.
The method of tradition plantation broad bean is that broad bean is all planted on monoblock soil, and ventilation and penetrating light is not good, florescence printing opacity
Rate is less than 30%, easily forms the clammy subenvironment in field, adds the probability of disease generation, is restricted the raising of yield.Between
Make be with interplanting Chinese traditional agriculture marrow, it is rational between make with the resource such as nixed planting energy intensive utilization light, heat, water, fertilizer,
It is also to increase one of effective measures of Agricultural biodiversity.But in traditional broad bean Interplanting maize, due to lacking rational field
Between configure, using single file alternate intervals plant, unfavorable light and airing, be also unfavorable for personnel harvesting and mechanization management, production effect
Rate is relatively low.
Therefore, for those skilled in the art, how will eat broad bean raw and coordinate plantation with corn, and can strengthen leading to
Wind, improves illumination utilization rate, is the current technical issues that need to address to improve overall yield.
The content of the invention
The present invention provides the spacing between a kind of interplanting method for eating broad bean and corn raw, reasonable layout crop, makes ventilation
It is good by light effect, the yield of crop can be improved, concrete scheme is as follows：
A kind of interplanting method for eating broad bean and corn raw, broad bean is planted with corn using banding alternate intervals, in broad bean
Planting season plants broad bean band, and the space of reserved maize planting band, until the planting season maize planting band of corn；
One broad bean band and a corn belt constitute a railway carriage or compartment, and railway carriage or compartment face width is 200~240cm；
The every broad bean band plants 2~3 row broad beans, and 2 row corns are planted in every corn belt；
The band spacing of the broad bean band and the corn belt is 50~67cm.
Alternatively, a width of 120~150cm of band of the broad bean band, is 50~60cm with interior line-spacing；The band of the corn belt
A width of 60~76cm, is 30~38cm with interior line-spacing.
Alternatively, often the spacing in the rows of row broad bean is 15~20cm in the broad bean band；The often strain of row corn in the corn belt
Away from for 18~20cm.
Alternatively, the broad bean band is in every mu 45% of NPK 22kg ratio basal dressing, and every mu of full-bloom stage chases after
Apply no more than 5kg urea or spray foliar fertilizer；The corn belt is by every mu of pure N5~7kg, P2O5And K2Each 6~8kg of O ratio
Apply fertilizer to the subsoil, corn is attacked luxuriant fertilizer and applied in every mu of pure N7~9kg ratio.
Alternatively, after being diluted immediately with 96% S-metolachlor missible oil by 50ml~80ml/ mus of consumptions after sowing broad bean
Carry out soil closing；Maize at Seedling Stage spreads fertilizer over the fields or lost nest preventing and treating subterranean pest-insect with 3% phoxim granule, and the typhon mouthful phase uses pungent sulphur
Phosphorus granule or gamma cyhalothrin spray preventing and treating corn borer in lobus cardiacus, and the later stage sprays stalk with jinggangmeisu or manually peels off disease
Leaf preventing and treating snail, banded sclerotial blight.
Alternatively, red spot is watered the spraying of 50kg cauline leafs using every mu of 100 grams of 65% mancozeb wettable powder；Root-rot
Disease is watered the spray of 50kg cauline leafs using 100 grams of every mu of 50% thiophanate methyl wettable powder or 65% mancozeb wettable powder
Mist；Aphid, every mu of red spider are watered with 50% 15~30g of Aphox wettable powder or 2.5% come 15~20ml of good fortune missible oil
50kg dilution sprayings.
Alternatively, broad bean removes the stem heart in about 5~6 leaves of stem, or sprays the promotion of 60~120mg/kg uniconazole Ps
Branch growth；When the base of the plant pod of knot 2~3 of field nearly half, and during the long 2cm~3cm of pod, plant averagely has 8 tongues
Pinched during sequence, pluck top 3cm~6cm tender tips, promote Semen Viciae fabae pod drum grain in middle and lower part full.
The invention discloses a kind of interplanting method for eating broad bean and corn raw, broad bean is in banding alternate intervals kind with corn
Plant, using the implantation methods of interplanting, plant broad bean band in the planting season of broad bean, planting season of broad bean earlier than corn, broad bean prior to
Corn planting, the space of reserved maize planting band during plantation broad bean, until the planting season maize planting band of corn, in maize planting
Only have broad bean before, two is larger with the spacing between broad bean, be conducive to ventilation, and can preferably absorb sunlight；Every broad bean band
2~3 row broad beans are planted, 2 row corns are planted in every corn belt, and a broad bean band and a corn belt constitute a railway carriage or compartment, railway carriage or compartment face
Width is 200~240cm, and the band spacing of broad bean and corn is reasonably distributed, and will not occur phase between broad bean and the row and row of corn
Mutually influence, ventilation effect is more preferable.The band spacing of broad bean band and corn belt is 50~67cm, after corn planting, corn belt and silkworm
Beans band and not near, but with enough gaps for ventilation, it is ensured that the ventilation effect of corn.The production period of broad bean and corn
It is not consistent, using interplanting method, and reasonable Arrangement band spacing, crop can be made to there is good ventilation and by luminous environment, so that
Improve crop yield.
Brief description of the drawings
In order to illustrate more clearly about the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, below will be to embodiment or existing
There is the accompanying drawing used required in technology description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are only this
Some embodiments of invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, on the premise of not paying creative work, can be with
Other accompanying drawings are obtained according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the first specification using broad bean of the present invention and interplanting corn method；
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of second of specification using broad bean of the present invention and interplanting corn method；
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the third specification using broad bean of the present invention and interplanting corn method；
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the third specification using broad bean of the present invention and interplanting corn method.
Including：
Broad bean band 1, corn belt 2.
Embodiment
The core of the present invention is between providing between a kind of interplanting method for eating broad bean and corn raw, reasonable layout crop
Away from making ventilation good by light effect, the yield of crop can be improved.
In order that those skilled in the art more fully understands technical scheme, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specifically
Embodiment, explanation is described in detail to the interplanting method of broad bean and corn eaten raw of the present invention.
The interplanting method for eating broad bean and corn raw of the present invention, broad bean and corn are planted using banding alternate intervals, adopted
With the implantation methods of interplanting, in the planting season plantation broad bean band 1 in broad bean, because the planting season of broad bean is earlier than corn, broad bean is planted
When reserved maize planting band 2 space, until the planting season maize planting band 2 of corn；The not maize planting after plantation broad bean
Period, only broad bean band 1, therefore two is very big with the spacing between broad bean, has enough spaces to be aerated, adjacent plant
Between influence it is less, illumination resource distribution will not fight for the phenomenon of sunlight than more uniform, and each plant can obtain abundance
Sunlight, under sufficient air ambient and illumination condition, in the case where other environment are essentially identical, the growth conditions of crop
More preferably, its yield can be improved.
One broad bean band 1 and a corn belt 2 constitute a railway carriage or compartment, and many railway carriage or compartments of circulation plantation in a piece of field, each railway carriage or compartment face is wide
The width summation spent for 200~240cm, namely a broad bean band 1 and a corn belt 2 is 200~240cm.Every broad bean band 1
2 row corns are planted in 2~3 row broad beans of middle plantation, every corn belt 2, for broad bean band 1 and corn belt 2 itself, according to phase
The specification succeeding planting answered, rows of plant spacing rationally, is not influenced each other between row and row.Because in every broad bean band 1 only
Arrange and arranged in 2~3 rows, every corn belt 2 in 2 rows, broad bean production process, the corn belt of the row of outermost two is vacant, Ke Yishou
To sufficient sunlight and air conditionses, the working condition of the broad bean of middle row is also preferable, and photosynthetic raw material is more sufficient,
So that the yield of crop is improved；The band spacing of broad bean band 1 and corn belt 2 is 50~67cm, is planted by farming season, broad bean in
Mid or late October~early November sowing, mid-April in next year~the first tenday period of a month in May harvest；Corn in next year late March~4 month on
Ten days is sowed, early July harvest；Broad bean and 30~40 days corn symbiosis phases；In maize planting, broad bean has been mature on the whole, no
The conditions such as illumination are fought for corn again, it is ensured that the superiority of corn growth condition, and often only arrange two row corns in band, per side
Enough illumination conditions can be enjoyed.
The present invention mutually interplants late autumn short stalk crop broad bean with spring long-stalked crop corn, makes full use of spatial niche
Complementary advantage, improves the efficiency of light energy utilization, improves land utilization ratio and sunlight-heat reaources utilization rate by zonal distribution, can be lifted
The yield of crop.
In the present invention, the distance between row and row when line-spacing refers to arviculture；Spacing in the rows be in every row crop individual plant away from
From；Band spacing refers to the distance between adjacent Liang Zhong different crops colony in the case of strip cropping, is that Different Crop is fought for herein
The resources such as illumination, heat, nutrient most fierce place.
On the basis of such scheme, it is preferable that a width of 120~150cm of band of broad bean band 1, with interior line-spacing be 50~
60cm；A width of 60~the 76cm of band of corn belt 2, is 30~38cm with interior line-spacing, is planted by this size, makes point of broad bean and corn
Cloth is more uniform.
Preferably, often the spacing in the rows of row broad bean is 15~20cm in broad bean band 1；Often the spacing in the rows of row corn is 18 in corn belt 2
~20cm, it is ensured that situation about not fought between plant, makes every plant of illumination that can be by abundance and air.
When selecting kind, broad bean selection is from commodity is good, yield is high, anti-red spot by force eat Vicia Faba raw, it is such as logical
Fresh No. 8 of silkworm；2~3 rows are planted in 120~150cm, colony per the band logical silkworm width control system of fresh No. 8；Plant line-spacing during 2 row
For 60~70cm, 15~20cm of the interior average spacing in the rows of row；Line-spacing when planting 3 row is 15~20cm of average spacing in the rows in 50cm, row.
Corn selects 220~250cm of plant height, the compact feeding kind of plant type, such as Chongqing single 30, at prime 505, or fresh edible maize
Kind, such as changes glutinous 18；Often colony's width control system with corn plants 2 rows in 80cm, colony, and line-spacing is 40cm, average in row
Spacing in the rows 20cm.
Traffic convenience, prepartion of land should be selected, area is big and regular (more than 1 mu), illumination and water condition are preferably native
Ground is planted, and is dug trenches to drain the water away, and changes a social system specification.Broad bean is sowed in annual late October to early November, and corn is in mid-March to April
The first tenday period of a month are sowed, according to local weather forecast timely grab moisture sowing before rain or after rain.
The rational application of fertilizer：Broad bean band 1 is in every mu 45% of NPK 22kg ratio basal dressing, and every mu of full-bloom stage imposes
No more than 5kg urea or spray foliar fertilizer；Corn belt 2 is by every mu of pure 5~7kg of N, P2O5And K2Each 6~8kg of O ratio applies bottom
Fertilizer, corn is attacked luxuriant fertilizer and applied in every mu of pure 7~9kg of N ratio.
Carry out Pest organism preventing and treating：Sow after broad bean immediately with 96% S-metolachlor missible oil by 50ml~80ml/ mus of use
Soil closing is carried out after amount dilution；Maize at Seedling Stage spreads fertilizer over the fields or lost nest preventing and treating subterranean pest-insect, typhon mouthful with 3% phoxim granule
Phase sprays preventing and treating corn borer with phoxim granule or gamma cyhalothrin in lobus cardiacus, and the later stage sprays stalk or people with jinggangmeisu
Work peels off disease leaf preventing and treating snail, banded sclerotial blight.
The pest and disease damages such as broad bean seedling stage keypoint control red spot, root rot, snail, aphid, red spot is using every mu of 65% generation
Gloomy 100 grams of mancozeb wettable powder is watered the spraying of 50kg cauline leafs；Root rot is using every mu of 50% thiophanate methyl wettable powder
Or 100 grams of 65% mancozeb wettable powder is watered the spraying of 50kg cauline leafs；Aphid, red spider 50% Aphox of every mu of use are wettable
Property 15~30g of pulvis or 2.5% come 15~20ml of good fortune missible oil be watered 50kg dilution spraying.
Pinched in rational period pinching：Broad bean removes the stem heart in about 5~6 leaves of stem, or spray 60~
120mg/kg uniconazole Ps promote branch growth；When the base of the plant pod of knot 2~3, and the long 2cm~3cm of pod of field nearly half
When, plant is pinched when averagely having 8 tongue inflorescence, plucks top 3cm~6cm tender tips, promotes Semen Viciae fabae pod drum grain in middle and lower part full.
Harvest in time：Broad bean is full in haricot drum grain, and green soya bean seed hilum color can be plucked when showing black by Huang, quick-frozen
Harvesting is advisable when processing green grass or young crops broad bean is substantially blacked with hilum color.Corn presses lower blade in stage of wax ripeness, retains Three ear leaves；
The stage of yellow ripeness gets the harvest in quickly fruit ear.
The present invention provides three groups and specifically plants data herein, and broad bean and maize canopy light transmittance and production are eaten raw by calculating
Measure to evaluate the implementation result of this implantation methods：
As shown in Fig. 1 to Fig. 4, broad bean rule different with four kinds of the interplanting method of corn are respectively eaten raw using the present invention
The schematic diagram of lattice.
Shown in Fig. 1, enforcement place is Chongqing City Yongchuan District.
Vicia Faba is logical fresh No. 8 of silkworm, and sowing mid-October, broad bean bandwidth 120cm plants 2 rows, with interior line-spacing 60cm,
Spacing in the rows 15cm, 4444 plants/acre of density, next year harvests fresh pod in batches by the end of April；Corn variety is to sow at the beginning of Chongqing single 30,4 months next year,
Corn bandwidth 76cm, plants 2 rows, with interior line-spacing 38cm, spacing in the rows 20cm, 3333 plants/acre of density is harvested, broad bean, corn by the end of July
Band spacing 51cm, a width of 200cm in railway carriage or compartment face.
Implement the field light transmittance after the present invention and yield performance is as follows：Broad bean florescence canopy light transmittance 56.6%, broad bean
602.1 kilograms of the fresh pod of per mu yield, 198.2 kilograms of the fresh seed of per mu yield, corn per mu yield seed is 488.4 kilograms.
Shown in Fig. 2, enforcement place is Chongqing City Yongchuan District.
Vicia Faba is logical fresh No. 8 of silkworm, is sowed by the end of October, broad bean bandwidth 150cm, 3 rows is planted, with interior line-spacing 50cm, strain
Away from 15cm, 5555 plants/acre of density, next year harvests fresh pod in batches by the end of April；Corn variety is Chongqing single 30, and next year is sowed by the end of March, beautiful
Rice bandwidth 76cm, plants 2 rows, with interior line-spacing 38cm, spacing in the rows 20cm, 2777 plants/acre of density is harvested, broad bean, corn belt by the end of July
Spacing 51cm, a width of 240cm in railway carriage or compartment face.
Implement field light transmittance and yield result after the present invention as follows：Broad bean florescence canopy light transmittance 47.2%, broad bean
683.9 kilograms of the fresh pod of per mu yield, 243.7 kilograms of the fresh seed of per mu yield, corn per mu yield seed is 394.9 kilograms.
Shown in Fig. 3, enforcement place is Chongqing City Hechuan District.
Vicia Faba is to sow at the beginning of logical silkworm fresh No. 8,11 months, and broad bean bandwidth 140cm plants 2 rows, with interior line-spacing 70cm, strain
Away from 12.5cm, 4444 plants/acre of density, next year harvests fresh pod in batches by the end of April；Corn variety is to sow at the beginning of Chongqing single 30,4 months next year,
Corn bandwidth 76cm, plants 2 rows, with interior line-spacing 38cm, spacing in the rows 20cm, 2777 plants/acre of density is harvested, broad bean, corn by the end of July
Band spacing 66cm, a width of 240cm in railway carriage or compartment face.
Implement field light transmittance and yield result after the present invention as follows：Broad bean florescence canopy light transmittance 60.1%, broad bean
642.4 kilograms of the fresh pod of per mu yield, 198.2 kilograms of the fresh seed of per mu yield, corn per mu yield seed is 301.7 kilograms.
Shown in Fig. 4, enforcement place is Chongqing City Yongchuan District.
Vicia Faba is logical fresh No. 8 of silkworm, is sowed by the end of October, broad bean bandwidth 140cm, 3 rows is planted, with interior line-spacing 50cm, strain
Away from 15cm, 5555 plants/acre of density, next year harvests fresh pod in batches by the end of April；Corn variety is sowed to change glutinous No. 18 at the beginning of 4 months next year,
Corn bandwidth 60cm, plants 2 rows, with interior line-spacing 30cm, spacing in the rows 18cm, 3086 plants/acre of density, early July harvest, broad bean, jade
Rice band spacing 55cm, a width of 240cm in railway carriage or compartment face.
Implement yield result after the present invention as follows：622.4 kilograms of the fresh pod of broad bean per mu yield, 181.6 kilograms of the fresh seed of per mu yield is beautiful
Rice per mu yield fresh tes juice is 638.4 kilograms.
The foregoing description of the disclosed embodiments, enables professional and technical personnel in the field to realize or using the present invention.
A variety of modifications to these embodiments will be apparent for those skilled in the art, as defined herein
General Principle, can be realized in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention.Therefore, this hair
It is bright to be not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, and be to fit to and principles disclosed herein and features of novelty phase
Consistent most wide scope.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of interplanting method for eating broad bean and corn raw, it is characterised in that broad bean is planted with corn using banding alternate intervals,
In the planting season plantation broad bean band (1) of broad bean, and the space of maize planting band (2) is reserved, plant beautiful until the planting season of corn
Rice band (2)；
One broad bean band (1) constitutes a railway carriage or compartment with a corn belt (2), and railway carriage or compartment face width is 200~240cm；
Every broad bean band (1) plants 2~3 row broad beans, and every corn belt (2) plants 2 row corns；
The band spacing of the broad bean band (1) and the corn belt (2) is 50~67cm.
2. the interplanting method according to claim 1 for eating broad bean and corn raw, it is characterised in that the broad bean band (1)
It is 50~60cm with interior line-spacing with a width of 120~150cm；A width of 60~the 76cm of band of the corn belt (2), be with interior line-spacing
30~38cm.
3. the interplanting method according to claim 2 for eating broad bean and corn raw, it is characterised in that in the broad bean band (1)
Often the spacing in the rows of row broad bean is 15~20cm；Often the spacing in the rows of row corn is 18~20cm in the corn belt (2).
4. the interplanting method according to claim 3 for eating broad bean and corn raw, it is characterised in that the broad bean band (1) is pressed
Every mu 45% of NPK 22kg ratio basal dressing, every mu of full-bloom stage imposes no more than 5kg urea or sprays foliar fertilizer；
The corn belt is by every mu of pure N5~7kg, P2O5And K2Each 6~8kg of O ratio applies fertilizer to the subsoil, corn attack luxuriant fertilizer by every mu of pure N7~
9kg ratio applies.
5. the interplanting method according to claim 4 for eating broad bean and corn raw, it is characterised in that used immediately after sowing broad bean
96% S-metolachlor missible oil is by progress soil closing after 50ml~80ml/ mus of consumption dilutions；3% phoxim of Maize at Seedling Stage
Granule spreads fertilizer over the fields or lost nest preventing and treating subterranean pest-insect, and typhon mouthful phase phoxim granule or gamma cyhalothrin are in lobus cardiacus
Preventing and treating corn borer is sprayed, the later stage sprays stalk with jinggangmeisu or manually peels off disease leaf preventing and treating snail, banded sclerotial blight.
6. the interplanting method according to claim 5 for eating broad bean and corn raw, it is characterised in that red spot uses every mu
65% 100 grams of mancozeb wettable powder is watered the spraying of 50kg cauline leafs；Root rot is wettable using every mu of 50% thiophanate methyl
Property pulvis or 100 grams of 65% mancozeb wettable powder be watered 50kg cauline leafs spraying；Aphid, the anti-aphid of every mu of use of red spider 50%
15~30g of prestige wettable powder or 2.5% carrys out 15~20ml of good fortune missible oil and is watered 50kg dilution sprayings.
7. the interplanting method according to claim 6 for eating broad bean and corn raw, it is characterised in that broad bean is in stem about 5~6
The stem heart is removed during piece leaf, or sprays 60~120mg/kg uniconazole Ps and promotes branch growth；When the plants stems of field nearly half
The portion pod of knot 2~3, and during the long 2cm~3cm of pod, plant is pinched when averagely having 8 tongue inflorescence, plucks top 3cm~6cm tender tips, is promoted
Enter middle and lower part Semen Viciae fabae pod drum grain full.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108703032A (en) * | 2018-06-06 | 2018-10-26 | 云南农业大学 | A kind of intercropping plant method reducing broad bean disease by regulating and controlling nitrogen fertilizer amount |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101438664A (en) * | 2008-12-23 | 2009-05-27 | 中国农业大学 | Method for planting horsebean intercropped with corn |
| CN106688549A (en) * | 2016-12-01 | 2017-05-24 | 中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所 | Lanzhou lily and corn/broad bean interplanted three-year crop rotation method |
-
2017
- 2017-08-11 CN CN201710685797.7A patent/CN107278607A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101438664A (en) * | 2008-12-23 | 2009-05-27 | 中国农业大学 | Method for planting horsebean intercropped with corn |
| CN106688549A (en) * | 2016-12-01 | 2017-05-24 | 中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所 | Lanzhou lily and corn/broad bean interplanted three-year crop rotation method |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108703032A (en) * | 2018-06-06 | 2018-10-26 | 云南农业大学 | A kind of intercropping plant method reducing broad bean disease by regulating and controlling nitrogen fertilizer amount |
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