CN107267513A - 一种受病原菌诱导的启动子hlp2 - Google Patents
一种受病原菌诱导的启动子hlp2 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了拟南芥的一个受病原菌诱导的启动子HLP2,该启动子的核苷酸序列如SEQ ID No:1所示,其是通过PCR技术从拟南芥基因组中克隆获得。本发明还公开了所述启动子HLP2在植物抗病基因研究或抗病基因工程育种中的应用,是利用启动子HLP2与功能基因融合构建植物表达载体,并转入植物中,以实现在转基因植物体内的诱导型高表达。实验证实转基因植物在病原菌感染后,报告基因GUS的表达活性比对照显著提高,表明启动子HLP2是一个受病原菌强烈诱导的启动子,预示启动子HLP2在农作物基因工程抗病育种及其抗病基因研究中具有重要的应用价值和很好的开发前景。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于植物生物工程育种和分子生物学技术领域,涉及一种植物的启动子,具体说,涉及拟南芥的一种受病原菌诱导的启动子HLP2及其应用。
背景技术
植物在生长发育过程中经常会遭受各种各样的病原微生物的侵染,病害的发生严重影响作物生长,给作物造成大幅减产。传统育种技术通过杂交和筛选虽然也可以获得抗病品种,但存在育种效率低、随机、盲目、不确定性的问题。随着分子生物学的迅速发展,转基因技术已为作物的抗病育种指明了新的方向,提供了新的方法技术。这种技术依赖于发掘并克隆植物重要的抗病功能基因和调控元件,进而进行作物的分子设计与遗传改良,以提高作物对病原菌的抗性,这已经成为提高作物产量的重要措施。
在利用抗病基因进行作物的抗病育种时,选择什么样的启动子来调控抗病基因表达,将直接关系到抗病基因功能的发挥和育种的有效性。目前,在作物遗传改良中能够被广泛使用的启动子非常有限,在单子叶植物主要使用来自玉米泛素(ubiquitin)基因的启动子和水稻肌动蛋白(actin)基因启动子,在双子叶植物主要使用来自花椰菜花叶病毒(CaMV)的35S启动子(Ye et al.2012)。这些启动子都属于组成型启动子,也就是说在这些启动子的调控下,目标基因每时每刻都在表达。这种类型的启动子对于抗病育种将会带来很多问题,例如,在没有受病原微生物侵染的情况下,作物根本不需要抗病基因的表达。如果抗病基因在不需要的时候持续高效表达,合成了大量不需要的抗病蛋白,这些蛋白合成、贮藏与运输不仅成为一种负担,而且还消耗了大量的能量和代谢资源,对植物的正常生长反而造成了不利影响。换一个思路,如果我们能够将抗病基因置于病原菌诱导的启动子调控之下,只有当病原菌侵染植物时,启动子才被激活,使抗病基因适时地表达,而不是时时地表达,这不仅保证了植物在遭遇病原菌时具有很好的抗病性,还保证了植物在没有染病的情况下极大地节约细胞代谢资源,减轻细胞负担,促进作物生长和提高产量。
然而,目前能应用于作物抗病育种的诱导型启动子非常少,对于病原菌诱导型的新的启动子的发现、克隆、功能分析和利用已成为当前一个重要的创新研究方向。将功能明确的病原菌诱导的启动子成功应用到转基因作物的抗病育种中将是未来抗病遗传育种的重要方向。
申请人在相关研究中从拟南芥克隆到一种受病原菌诱导的启动子,命名为启动子HLP2。该启动子特征揭示它在抗病育种上的应用将具有重要价值。迄今为止,未见该启动子克隆和应用的相关报道。
发明内容
针对目前的技术现状,本发明的目的是提供一种来源于拟南芥基因组的受病原菌诱导的启动子及其应用。
本发明所述的拟南芥的一种受病原菌诱导的启动子,命名为启动子HLP2。其特征在于:该启动子的核苷酸序列是下列核苷酸序列之一:
(1)序列表中SEQ ID No:1所示的DNA序列。
(2)与序列表中SEQ ID No:1所示的DNA序列具有90%以上同源性,且具有相同功能的DNA序列。
(3)对上述(1)或(2)所示DNA序列进行一个或多个碱基的取代、缺失和/或添加且具有相同启动子功能的DNA。
进一步优选的实施方式是:所述启动子命名为启动子HLP2,其核苷酸序列是序列表中SEQ ID No:1所示的DNA序列。
上述启动子HLP2可以利用SEQ ID No.2和SEQ ID No.3所示的引物序列,通过PCR技术从拟南芥基因组DNA中克隆获得。
鉴于本领域专业人员很容易通过定向优化或者点突变等方法对本发明专利中所述的启动子序列进行修饰或突变,那些经过人工修饰改造后具有与本发明所提供的启动子碱基序列同源性≧60%且仍具有启动子活性的核苷酸序列均为本发明中所述启动子序列衍生物,等同于本发明所述序列,属于本专利的保护范畴。
含有上述启动子的载体、转基因组织或细胞系、重组菌株和转基因植株等均属于本发明的保护范围。
本发明所述拟南芥的一个受病原菌诱导的启动子HLP2在植物抗病基因研究或抗病基因工程育种中的应用。
其中,所述的病原菌优选是植物病原细菌Pseudomonas syringae pv tomatoDC3000(Pst DC3000)以及植物病原真菌Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.conglutinans strain699(Foc 699)。
其中,所述应用的方法是:所述启动子HLP2为病原菌诱导型启动子,将其作为启动子与功能基因融合构建植物表达载体,并转入植物中,以实现在转基因植物体内的诱导型高表达。
其中,所述植物优选是农作物、经济林木、牧草或草坪草;所述植物体是指在植株器官、组织、细胞或整株水平。
进一步的,所述农作物优选是棉花、大豆、烟草、油菜、白菜、甘蓝、芥菜、玉米、小麦或水稻。
本发明利用SEQ ID No.2和SEQ ID No.3所示的引物序列,通过PCR技术从拟南芥基因组DNA中克隆启动子HLP2,然后利用该启动子构建报告基因GUS的植物表达载体,进行植物转基因操作,获得转基因植物。试验检测表明:本发明的启动子HLP2能够明显增强报告基因在病原菌处理条件下的表达水平(见附图)。
本发明的突出效果是:在当前抗病育种中缺少理想的诱导型启动子的背景下,本发明为植物基因功能研究和基因工程育种提供了植物来源的病原菌诱导型强启动子,并可以将其广泛用于培育抗病的植物品种,实现了明显增强抗病基因在病原菌处理条件下的表达水平的目的,在农作物基因工程抗病育种中具有重要的应用价值和很好的开发前景。
附图说明
图1.HLP2启动子PCR扩增产物的电泳图,其中:M为分子量Marker,泳道1为启动子DNA。
图2.HLP2启动子与GUS报告基因连接示意图。用HLP2启动子(HLP2 Pro)替换pBI121载体中的CaMV35S启动子(CaMV 35S Pro),即得到HLP2启动子连接GUS报告基因的植物表达载体。
图3.HLP2-GUS转基因拟南芥在病原细菌Pst DC3000侵染后不同时间GUS酶活性的染色对比图。上排是整株染色,下排是叶染色。可见在病原菌侵染12小时以后,GUS酶活显著增加。表明HLP2是一个受病原细菌强烈诱导的启动子。
图4.HLP2-GUS转基因拟南芥在病原真菌Foc 699侵染后不同时间GUS酶活性的染色对比图。上排是叶片染色,下排是根的染色。可见在病原菌侵染3小时以后,GUS酶活显著增加。表明HLP2是一个受病原霉菌强烈诱导的启动子。
具体实施方式
下述将通过具体实施例子对本发明作进一步的说明,但本发明并不仅限于以下具体实施例子。下面实施例子中所描述的方法内容若无特殊说明,均为常规实验方法。
实施例1拟南芥HLP2启动子的获得
为了得到病原菌诱导型启动子,本发明人从拟南芥基因组克隆了100多个基因的启动子,逐一对这些启动子活性进行大规模筛选。发现HLP2启动子具有很强的受病原菌诱导的活性。下面叙述它的具体克隆过程。
1)首先根据拟南芥TAIR数据库,选定HLP2基因的翻译起始密码子ATG至上一个基因终止密码TAA之间的620bp作为HLP2启动子序列。
2)依据上述序列,利用PRIMER5.0软件设计PCR扩增引物如下。
HLP2-F:5'AAGCTTGAATGAGCAAATCTAATGCAGAAGG 3';
HLP2-R:5'GGATCCTCTTACAAGGAAAAAAAAAAAAGATC 3'。
上游引物5'末端添加HindIII酶切位点,下游引物5'末端添加BamHI酶切位点,便于后续的启动子克隆。
3)采用CTAB法提取拟南芥基因组DNA,具体参见《分子克隆实验指南Ⅲ》,以提取的DNA为模板进行PCR扩增,反应体系如下所示:
PCR反应体系:10mM Tris·Cl,1.5mM MgCl2,50mM KCl,200μM dNTP each,0.8μM引物,0.8U高保真DNApolymerase,1μL DNA模板,无菌水补足25μL。
PCR反应程序:95℃预变性5min;95℃变性40s,55℃退火40s,72℃延伸1min 30s,循环35次;72℃延伸5min。扩增产物进行琼脂糖凝胶电泳。
4)电泳结束后,利用天根公司生产的DNA片段回收试剂盒(TIANGEN BIOTECH CO,LTD)回收目的条带,凝胶回收具体步骤参见其说明书。回收的目的条带通过T-A连接直接连入中间载体pMD-T18。连接产物转化大肠杆菌感受态细胞DH5α。向转化的大肠杆菌管中加入约1ml LB培养基37℃200rpm振荡培养1小时,4000rpm离心5min收菌,涂布在含有100μg/mL氨苄青霉素LB固体平板上过夜培养,挑单克隆在含有50mg/L氨苄青霉素的液体LB培养基中振荡培养6-8小时后提取质粒DNA,经PCR鉴定插入片段的大小,然后送华大科技股份有限公司进行测序确认,以确保启动子的正确性。
实施例2拟南芥HLP2启动子的植物表达载体构建和农杆菌转化
目的是获得HLP2启动子驱动葡萄糖苷酸酶报告基因(GUS)表达的载体,同时获得含有该载体的农杆菌,为后续的转化拟南芥做准备。
1)将HLP2启动子从pMD-T18中间载体上用HindIII和BamHI两种限制性内切酶切出,pBI121植物表达载体也用同样的两种酶切开(内切酶购自Takara公司,具体酶切的条件和程序参见其说明书)。酶切产物经琼脂糖凝胶电泳后使用天根公司的凝胶回收试剂盒回收(参考说明书)。
2)将获得的酶切后的启动子片段与载体进行连接(使用Takara公司的T4DNA连接酶,连接体系参照公司说明书)。连接反应体系轻轻混匀,置于16℃恒温水浴锅过夜连接,随后将连接产物直接用于转化大肠杆菌。
3)大肠杆菌的转化。融化固体LB培养基,待冷却到50℃左右时加入Kan抗生素至50mg/L,混匀后倒平板;-80℃冰箱中取出约50μL感受态大肠杆菌置于冰上,加入连接产物后轻轻混匀;冰浴30分钟,同时42℃热激90s,随后迅速冰浴2min;向管中加入800μL液体LB培养基(不含抗生素)混匀后放入摇床,37℃,200rpm,1h复苏;复苏结束后,5000rpm,离心3min,将上清吸至剩余约100μL左右,轻轻将菌悬浮;将其涂布于上述准备好的平板上,倒置平板,放入培养箱中37℃过夜培养;挑单克隆摇菌,提取质粒进行酶切鉴定和测序,确认大肠杆菌中含有构建正确的HLP2-GUS表达载体。
4)农杆菌的转化。农杆菌GV3101具有侵染植物和转移基因的能力,故需要将构建的HLP2-GUS表达载体转入农杆菌。取80μl农杆菌液接种到含50μg/ml利福平(Rif)的LB培养基中,28℃培养一夜;取1ml菌液,加至50ml含50μg/ml Rif的LB培养基中,28℃震荡培养,至OD600=0.5;菌液冰浴30min,4℃,4500rpm,离心10min,收集菌体;将菌液重新悬于预冷的10ml 0.15mol/L的CaCl2中,4℃,4500rpm,离心10min,收集菌体;将菌液重新悬于冰浴的1ml 20mmol/L的CaCl2溶液中,用1.5ml的EP管进行分装,液氮速冻1min,储存于-70℃作为农杆菌感受态备用;从上述大肠杆菌中提取HLP2-GUS表达载体,取100μl农杆菌感受态细胞在冰上化开,把表达载体10μl加入其中,轻轻混合均匀,冰上放置30分钟;液氮速冻1min,迅速移至37℃水浴5min,立即冰浴2-3min;加入LB培养基(未添加抗生素)1ml,28℃培养3h;7000rpm,离心1min,收集菌体,涂于含50μg/ml利福平、50μg/ml Kan的LB平板上,28℃倒置暗培养3天。挑取农杆菌单菌落,用添加了50μg/ml Kan的LB培养基扩增培养,从农杆菌中提取质粒,进行后续PCR验证,以确定HLP2-GUS表达载体转入了农杆菌GV3101。
实施例3 HLP2启动子转化拟南芥验证其受病原菌强烈诱导
目的是将HLP2启动子-GUS表达载体转入拟南芥,获得转基因植物,用于验证HLP2启动子是否能够被病原菌所诱导。
1)利用浸花法(一种公开的通用方法),使含有植物表达载体的农杆菌GV3101浸染拟南芥花蕾。待其长出的角果成熟之后,收集T1代种子并在筛选培养基(MS培养基附加30mg/L卡那霉素)上进行筛选,将能够正常生长的绿色转化苗移栽至营养土中培养,分别收获其T2代种子再进行下一轮的卡那霉素筛选,挑选出绿苗:白苗为3:1的培养皿。将此培养皿上的绿苗移栽,单株收获种子(T3代)。对每一单株的种子部分用于卡那霉素平皿筛选,直到选出在筛选培养基上为全绿的株系,即为纯合转基因株系。
2)Pst DC3000感染实验:将Pst DC3000菌种用接种环蘸取少许,划线培养到KB固体培养基上(KB固体培养基的制备:蛋白胨20g,甘油10ml,K2HPO41.5g,MgSO4·7H2O 1.5g,双蒸水1L,灭菌后到平板)。在28℃恒温培养箱中,培养48h。挑取单菌落接种到含有利福平(50mg/L)的KB液体培养基中,28℃,200rpm培养过夜,当菌液浓度OD600大于1.0时,收集菌体。将收集的菌体用含0.02%SilwetL-77的10mM MgCl2的重悬,稀释到浓度为OD=0.1(107个/ml)。取培养到两周的拟南芥幼苗浸没到上述菌液中,放在摇床上,低速,22℃培养。在培养的不同时间分别取材进行GUS染色。
3)Foc 699感染实验:将Foc 699菌种用接种环蘸取少许,划线培养到PAD固体培养基上(PAD固体培养基的制备:先将马铃薯清洗,去皮后,切成碎块,再称取200g。放入沸腾的蒸馏水中,煮沸20-30min,煮沸过程中用玻璃棒将马铃薯碎块尽量捣碎,再用8层纱布过滤。加入20g葡萄糖,定容到1L,加15-20g琼脂,灭菌后倒平板)。从PAD固体培养基上挑取少量FOC699菌种,放到含有卡那霉素(50mg/L)的液体PAD培养基中,28℃,200rpm培养过夜。将培养的菌液利用8层纱布过滤,出去其中的菌丝,利用低速离心机,5000rpm离心,收集孢子,利用无菌水重悬,稀释到孢子液浓度为1×106个/ml。把培养到两周的拟南芥幼苗浸没入上述孢子悬浮液中,放在摇床上,低速,22℃培养。在培养的不同时间分别取材进行GUS染色。
4)GUS染色的具体做法是:将植物材料放入离心管中,倒入冰预冷的90%丙酮没过植物材料,插到冰上放置30min。用现配的GUS染色缓冲液(公知的配方)清洗材料,置于冰上20分钟,倒掉缓冲液再加入新的缓冲液重复洗一次,再倒掉染色缓冲液。倒入配好的染色液(染色缓冲液中加入终浓度为2mM的X-Gluc),保证植物材料完全没入其中。根据染色情况在37℃温箱中染色过夜。75%乙醇清洗材料,去除染色液,倒入无水乙醇浸泡材料直至完全脱色。实体解剖显微镜下观察并拍照。
上述GUS染色结果表明,HLP2启动子是一个受病原菌强烈诱导的启动子。由附图3和附图4可见,无论是病原细菌还是病原真菌,都能够强烈诱导HLP2启动子的活性,显著提高目的基因的表达水平。因此,在作物抗病育种上显示出巨大的应用潜力。
序列表
<110>山东大学
<120>一种受病原菌诱导的启动子HLP2
<141>2017-6-20
<160>3
<210>1
<211> 620
<212>DNA
<213>拟南芥
<221>启动子HLP2的核苷酸序列
<222>(1)…( 620)
<400>1
gaatgagcaa atctaatgca gaaggaattt agaagttgtg aattgttcca actaagagaa 60
tcacttgagg taaccttttt gttataaact gttattttta ctctaaactt caagataaaa 120
tggagacaca tgcttgtaag tttaagtgtt tgttcaggtg tttggagcgt tggttagcaa 180
gatcccaaga gaggcatggc cattactaat gagaatttgg gtcggttctg aaataaccaa 240
atcagcattg gggagaaaac gtaatgattc cagtcaatgt aagtaataaa agccatcact 300
agtctaaatg ttatggtcta tttttcacat gtattagaaa atattatcac atattgtgtc 360
tgtatatttt ggatttgttt tcatcgtata ggttgggaca gctgtctaga accaaaactc 420
aattcaaagt tttcttggta aagtaaaata taattttctt acgcaggctc tttagacggg 480
tcaaaacaaa ctgtgatcta aaactttatc gtagctatat acacataaat tattttccaa 540
catcgtatta tatatatcat ttgtaaagag tggcctgctt ttcaagcctt aaaagatctt 600
tttttttttt ccttgtaaga 620
<210>2
<211>31
<212>DNA
<213>人工序列
<221> HLP2-F
<222>(1)…(31)
<400>2
aagcttgaat gagcaaatct aatgcagaag g 31
<210>3
<211>31
<212>DNA
<213>人工序列
<221> HLP2-R
<222>(1)…(32)
<400>3
ggatcctctt acaaggaaaa aaaaaaaaga tc 32
1
Claims (6)
1.拟南芥的一个受病原菌诱导的启动子,命名为启动子HLP2;其特征在于:所述启动子的核苷酸序列是下列核苷酸序列之一:
(1)序列表中SEQ ID No:1所示的DNA序列;
(2)与序列表中SEQ ID No:1所示的DNA序列具有90%以上同源性,且具有相同功能的DNA序列。
(3)对上述(1)或(2)所示DNA序列进行一个或多个碱基的取代、缺失和/或添加且具有相同启动子功能的DNA。
2.如权利要求1所述拟南芥的一个受病原菌诱导的启动子,其特征在于:所述启动子命名为启动子HLP2,其核苷酸序列是序列表中SEQ ID No:1所示的DNA序列。
3.权利要求1或2所述拟南芥的一个受病原菌诱导的启动子在植物抗病基因研究或抗病基因工程育种中的应用。
4.如权利要求3所述的应用,其特征在于,所述应用的方法是:所述启动子HLP2为病原菌诱导型启动子,将其作为启动子与功能基因融合构建植物表达载体,并转入植物中,以实现在转基因植物体内的诱导型高表达。
5.如权利要求4所述的应用,其特征在于,所述植物是农作物、经济林木、牧草或草坪草;所述植物体是指在植株器官、组织、细胞或整株水平。
6.如权利要求5所述的应用,其特征在于,所述农作物是棉花、大豆、烟草、油菜、白菜、甘蓝、芥菜、玉米、小麦或水稻。
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CN102121004A (zh) * | 2010-12-03 | 2011-07-13 | 西北农林科技大学 | 葡萄病原菌诱导型启动子的分离方法及在抗病育种中的应用 |
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CN114574492B (zh) * | 2022-03-25 | 2023-09-19 | 广东省科学院南繁种业研究所 | 一种来自甘蔗杆状病毒的组成型启动子pscbv-chn1及其应用 |
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