CN107262902B

CN107262902B - Automatic grinding device for resistance spot welding electrode

Info

Publication number: CN107262902B
Application number: CN201710689619.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 顾扬; 顾啸; 熊佩军; 刘为民; 邵东辉; 李治; 王义兵; 顾寅; 陈林; 李耀; 白雪峰
Original assignee: Tianjin Yangfan Technology Development Co ltd
Current assignee: Tianjin Yangfan Technology Development Co ltd
Priority date: 2017-08-11
Filing date: 2017-08-11
Publication date: 2022-11-15
Anticipated expiration: 2037-08-11
Also published as: CN107262902A

Abstract

The invention discloses an automatic coping device for a resistance spot welding electrode, which comprises a main frame body, a cutting system, a cutting displacement moving system and a positioning reference adjusting mechanism, wherein the main frame body is provided with a main frame body; the cutting system comprises a rotary power input gear, a first transition gear and a tool rest with a combined cutting tool, which are sequentially driven by a rotary power alternating current motor; the cutting displacement moving system comprises a speed reducer, a power input gear and a second transition gear meshed with the power input gear, wherein the speed reducer and the power input gear are sequentially driven by a servo motor; the second and third transition gears which are coaxially assembled and have the same structure are respectively meshed with the circular cam gear rings on the two sides and respectively act with the cam disks on the two sides through the cam inclined planes; the positioning reference adjusting mechanism realizes the adjustment of the positioning reference by adjusting the position relationship between two independent gear shafts and the two sliding sleeve gears and the upper and lower convex wheel discs respectively. The micro-cutting amount positioning and moving cutting coping mode can achieve remarkable positive effects on the aspects of product spot welding quality, spot welding process cost and the like in spot welding production.

Description

Automatic grinding device for resistance spot welding electrode

Technical Field

The invention relates to special process equipment for grinding a welding electrode in a resistance spot welding process, in particular to a grinding device special for automatically grinding the electrode of a linear motion welding tongs or a fixed spot welder in the resistance spot welding process.

Background

In the process of the continuous spot welding process, under the circulation action of severe working loads such as high temperature, high pressure and the like, the diameter and the components of the working surface of the electrode, the contact area between the surface of the electrode and the surface of a workpiece, contact resistance, contact thermal resistance and the like are continuously changed along with the increase of the ordinal number of a welding point, the relation between the total resistance value of spot welding joints and the distribution proportion of the resistance along the thickness direction of the plate is dynamically changed through a series of changes, the resistance heat generated between the joints is continuously redistributed again along with the change of the distribution proportion of the resistance, and the quality of the welding point is influenced in different degrees according to different relations of the redistribution proportions of the heat. In order to reduce the substantial adverse effect on the quality of a welding spot caused by overlarge change of the surface state of the electrode, the working surface of the electrode is periodically ground in production, so that the aim of restricting the quality dispersion of the welding spot within an allowable range is fulfilled by a precautionary measure of limiting the diameter of the electrode and the surface state of the electrode within a certain fluctuation range.

The electrode coping device is divided into a manual coping device and an automatic coping device; the price difference is very different because of different product types. The electrode grinding mainly aims to achieve the following purposes: firstly, the diameter of the working surface of the electrode which is enlarged is restored to the initial set value, namely the diameter of the conductive surface of the electrode is limited to fluctuate in the two electrode coping periods, and necessary conditions are created for ensuring the relative balance of the feeding and heat conducting cross section areas in the welding nugget forming process; and secondly, removing various non-electrode raw materials formed on the working surface of the electrode in the spot welding process, including an alloy layer, an attachment layer and the like, and simultaneously trimming the working surfaces of the two electrodes to be parallel to the surface of the workpiece, so as to ensure that the contact resistance, the process additional resistance, the effective feed cross section area and the like between the working surface of the electrode and the surface of the workpiece fluctuate within a limited range to the maximum extent, reduce fluctuation of various welding boundary conditions, and alleviate adverse effects on welding point quality caused by temperature field transfer and the like. When the manual grinding device is used, people's experience is needed, the consistency and the correspondence of the diameters of the working surfaces of the two small electrodes which are placed in a space state are ensured, and meanwhile, the parallel relation of the ground electrode surfaces relative to the surfaces of workpieces which are still at other positions at the moment is ensured, so that the manual grinding device is difficult to work. The automatic electrode sharpening device in the prior art mainly has the following defects:

(1) When the automatic electrode coping device works, an integral cutting tool with cutting edges on two sides and an electrode axis as a rotating shaft is coaxially and commonly clamped by the working surfaces of the upper electrode and the lower electrode to be coped, relatively constant electrode pressure always acts on the cutting edges on two sides of the cutting tool, and the cutting and coping amount of the electrode at each time is jointly determined by three parameters such as the rotating speed of the cutting edges, the electrode pressure and the coping time, which are common characteristics of the electrode coping device in working, and various negative processing attributes are generated according to the section (2).

(2) The automatic electrode coping device in the prior art has various negative attributes determined by the common working principle: firstly, the cutting tool rotates on a fixed plane by taking an electrode axis as an axis; because a grinding amount displacement control measure is not adopted, a theoretical track line of the electrode working surface processing has a helix angle, and the parallelism between the surfaces of two grinded electrodes and the surface of a workpiece cannot be ensured; secondly, in order to reduce the adverse effect of dynamic load on the impact of the cutting edge, a working mode that the cutting edge starts to rotate after electrode pressure is stably established on the cutting edge is mostly adopted, namely the cutting edge system carries starting under the action of great electrode pressure and the rotating speed is increased from zero moment to the maximum working rotating speed, and the impact on the cutting edge is great; thirdly, the cutting linear velocity of the cutting edge changes from V = Vmax to V =0 from the outer diameter of the electrode to the axis of the electrode, namely the cutting acceleration and the cutting linear velocity of the outer diameter part of the electrode are the maximum, and the impact action on the cutting edge is the strongest; within a certain radius range from the axis of the electrode, as the cutting linear velocity is less than the critical cutting velocity, no cutting effect is generated on the surface of the electrode, the stripping between the electrode material to be cut and the surface of the electrode in the area is the comprehensive result of the superposition of the rotary rolling and the rotary tearing of the cutting edge, and certain negative effects are generated on the uniformity, the conductive capability, the service life of the cutting edge and the like of the electrode material on the surface of the electrode; fourthly, in order to remove the metal to be cut at the position of the axis of the electrode, the length of the cutting edge must pass through the axis in the design of the length of the cutting edge by considering the inevitable factors of repeated positioning precision error of the electrode, necessary fit clearance for the rotation of the cutting tool and the like, and the local cutting edge exceeding the axis bears the adverse working conditions of cutting by a counter blade, hard extrusion and the like in the cutting process, so that the service life of the cutting edge is extremely unfavorable; fifthly, the repeated positioning error precision causes the deviation of a pressure center, the deviation of the pressure center utilizes the fit clearance to the maximum extent to enable the grinding surface of the electrode to form a certain processing deflection angle relative to the surface of the workpiece, the non-parallelism between the working surface of the electrode and the surface of the workpiece is aggravated, and then the relative stability of the feeding cross section area of the electrode and the quality of welding spots are adversely affected.

(3) The cutting force is established by utilizing the electrode pressure and the cutting edge rotating speed, the grinding amount is determined by the matching relation of three parameters such as the electrode pressure, the cutting edge rotating speed, the grinding time and the like, the grinding cutting amount is not controlled by the relative displacement between the surface to be repaired of the electrode and the cutting edge during grinding, and the excessive cutting of the electrode material is difficult to be effectively controlled.

(4) The electrode grinding machine is only suitable for grinding the electrode of the linear motion type welding tongs in the robot welding tongs.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the prior art, the invention provides an automatic coping device for a resistance spot welding electrode, which can automatically coping electrodes of various linear motion spot welding machines and comprises an automatic welding tongs, a manual welding tongs or a linear motion electrode in a fixed spot welding machine. The automatic electrode coping device adopts a multi-blade combined cutting tool to perform fixed displacement coping on the working end face of the electrode under the condition of slight cutting load, and the cutting force of the cutting tool cutting edge for coping the working end face of the electrode is established regardless of the electrode pressure, so that the flatness of the working surface of the electrode after coping and the parallelism between the working surface of the electrode and the surface of a workpiece can be improved, better basic guarantee conditions are created for effectively reducing the consumption of electrode materials and the quality of welding spots, and the service life of the cutting tool can be effectively prolonged.

In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides an automatic coping device for a resistance spot welding electrode, which comprises a main frame body, a cutting system, a cutting displacement moving system and a positioning reference adjusting mechanism; the main frame body is an integral part, and the middle part of the main frame body is a through rib plate with an irregular surface; one end of the rib plate of the main frame body is provided with a circular convex ring with the same outer diameter and the upper and lower sides are asymmetrically raised; a shaft shoulder matching hole matched with the circular truncated cone-shaped shaft shoulder of the large bevel gear in the tool rest is formed in the inner side of the upper circular convex ring; an upper cover is fixed at the upper end of the main frame body, and a lower cover is fixed at the lower end of the main frame body; the upper cover cap, the main frame body and the lower cover cap form a complete shell of the sharpening device; the cutting system comprises a rotary power input gear, a first transition gear and the tool rest which are sequentially driven by a rotary power alternating current motor, and the tool rest is arranged in a shaft shoulder assembling hole formed in the inner side of a circular convex ring on the upper part of the main frame body in a matched mode through a shaft shoulder on the upper part of the large bevel gear; the cutter frame comprises a cutter frame body and a combined cutting tool, the combined cutting tool comprises a cutter shaft, a small bevel gear is fixed at one end of the cutter shaft, the small bevel gear and the cutter shaft are fixed through a pin shaft, and a first rolling bearing assembly, a first cutting tool, a second rolling bearing assembly, a washer and a lock nut are sequentially arranged on the cutter shaft from the small bevel gear to the other end of the cutter shaft; the cross section of the first cutting tool is circular and is provided with a plurality of spiral cutting edges, and when the first cutting tool rotates, the revolving outline track of the cutting edges is matched with the plane of the working end of the electrode to be cut and polished; the cross section of the second cutting tool is circular with different diameters according to different cutting positions, a plurality of cutting edges are arranged on the outer surface of the second cutting tool, and when the second cutting tool rotates, the revolving outline trajectory of the cutting edges is matched with the trajectory of the side face of the working end of the electrode to be cut and polished; the tool rest body is a cylinder, a cylindrical outer gear meshed with the first transition gear is arranged on the tool rest body, bearing holes vertically crossed with the axis of a center hole of the cylinder are arranged on the side walls of two sides of the tool rest body, a rectangular space is arranged in the center hole of the cylinder, the side wall of the rectangular space is intersected with the inner wall of the hole, and the rectangular space is larger than the space occupied by the first cutting tool and the second cutting tool in the combined cutting tool during rotation; the upper end and the lower end of the cylinder are both provided with shaft shoulders, a first angular contact ball bearing is assembled at the shaft shoulder at the upper end, a second angular contact ball bearing is assembled at the shaft shoulder at the lower end, and a large bevel gear is assembled on an outer ring of the first angular contact ball bearing; the combined cutting tool is mounted on the tool rest body, a first rolling bearing assembly and a second rolling bearing assembly of the combined cutting tool are matched and assembled with bearing holes in side walls of two sides of the tool rest body through bearing outer rings, the first cutting tool and the second cutting tool of the combined cutting tool are located in the rectangular space, and the small bevel gear is meshed with the large bevel gear; the cutter rest is matched and assembled with the shaft shoulder hole of the main frame body through the shaft shoulder at one end of the large bevel gear assembled on the cutter rest, and the lower end of the cutter rest fixes the partition plate on the main frame body through a bolt; the tool rest is fixedly arranged on the partition plate on the main frame body through the shaft shoulder of the large bevel gear and the bolt to realize the combination with the main frame body; the axis connecting line of the first angular contact ball bearing and the second angular contact ball bearing is a rotary axis in the working process of the tool rest; the cutting displacement moving system comprises a speed reducer, a power input gear and a second transition gear, wherein the speed reducer, the power input gear and the second transition gear are sequentially driven by a servo motor; the servo motor and the speed reducer are both arranged at the lower part of the shell, and the power input gear is assembled at the shaft end of an output shaft of the speed reducer penetrating into the shell and meshed with a second transition gear arranged at the lower part of a rib plate of the main frame body; a third transition gear which is the same as the second transition gear is arranged on the rotating shaft of the second transition gear and positioned on the rib plate of the main frame body; the outer sides of the circular convex rings which have the same outer diameter and are asymmetrically raised at the upper and lower sides of the rib plate of the main frame body are respectively fixedly provided with 1 sliding sleeve; the excircle of the sliding sleeve on the upper side and the lower side is respectively provided with an upper circular cam gear ring and a lower circular cam gear ring; the second transition gear is meshed with the lower circular cam gear ring, and the third transition gear is meshed with the upper circular cam gear ring; the circular ring inclined plane of the upper circular ring cam gear ring and the circular ring inclined plane of the lower circular ring cam gear ring are first spiral surfaces with the same helix angle and opposite rotation directions; an upper circular cam gear ring and a lower circular cam gear ring are respectively arranged on two sides of the upper circular cam gear ring and the lower circular cam gear ring, circular inclined planes of the upper circular cam gear ring and the lower circular cam gear ring are second spiral planes with the same spiral angle and opposite rotation directions, contact surfaces between the upper circular cam gear ring and the upper circular cam gear ring are opposite in rotation direction and the same in spiral angle, and contact surfaces between the lower circular cam gear ring and the lower circular cam gear ring are opposite in rotation direction and the same in spiral angle; an elastic sealing retainer ring is arranged between the lower convex wheel disc and the partition plate; the positioning reference adjusting system comprises a first group of adjusting mechanisms and a second group of adjusting mechanisms, the first group of adjusting mechanisms comprise gear shafts, the gear shafts are arranged on the main frame body and penetrate through an upper cover cap, the main frame body and a lower cover cap of the shell, one ends of the gear shafts extend out of the shell, the extending ends of the gear shafts are prism-shaped, annular grooves are formed in the gear shafts, locking screws are arranged on the main frame body through threaded through holes, the end portions of the locking screws are propped in the annular grooves in the gear shafts, sliding sleeve gears are arranged between the upper convex wheel disc and the shell, and connecting keys are arranged between the inner surfaces of the sliding sleeve gears and the outer surfaces of the upper convex wheel disc; the first group of adjusting mechanisms finally adjust the upper cam disc to move along the axial direction of the upper cam disc by rotating the gear shaft; the second group of adjusting mechanisms and the first group of adjusting mechanisms are in a vertical mirror image relationship relative to the main frame body, and the second group of adjusting mechanisms finally adjust the lower cam disc to move along the axial direction of the lower cam disc; the inner hole ports of the sliding sleeve gears positioned at the upper and lower parts in the shell are respectively provided with a spring limiting retainer ring.

Further:

in the invention, an elastic sealing check ring is arranged between the upper surface of the circular boss of the main frame body and the inner wall of the upper cam plate.

The cylindrical outer gear and the tool rest body are of an integral structure.

The outer cylindrical gear and the tool rest body are of a split structure, and a damping hole is formed in the outer cylindrical gear. The tool rest is characterized in that a connecting portion used for being connected with the cylindrical outer gear is arranged on the outer wall of the tool rest body, the connecting portion is structurally a shaft shoulder or a plurality of lugs which are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction, and the cylindrical outer gear is connected with the connecting portion through bolts. And the cylindrical outer gear is provided with a space for accommodating shaft shoulders at two ends of the cutter shaft, the small bevel gear and the locknut.

The first cutting tool is a cylindrical cutting tool, the spiral angles omega 1 of the plurality of spiral linear cutting edges are the same, and the relation among the diameter D1 of the cylindrical cutting tool, the number n1 of the cutting edges and the spiral angles omega 1 is as follows:

the geometric parameters of the first cutting tool cutting edge comprise a front angle alpha, a cutting edge thickness f, a back angle sigma and a cutting edge back width e, and the relationship between the value range of the parameters and the material of a spot welding object is as follows:

the second cutting tool is an arc-surface-shaped cutting tool, and the surface of the arc-surface-shaped cutting tool is one of an outer convex cambered surface and an inner concave cambered surface; the cambered surface radius of the cambered surface-shaped cutting tool is matched with the cambered surface radius of the side surface of the working end of the electrode to be cut and polished; the cambered surface-shaped cutting tool comprises a plurality of cutting edges with the same geometric shape; the structural size of the cambered surface-shaped cutting tool comprises the diameter D2 of the large end of the cutting tool, the diameter D3 of the small end of the cutting tool and the number n2 of cutting edges; the relationship between the value range of the structure size, the diameter R of the electrode to be cut and polished and the spiral angle omega 2 of the cutting edge of the second cutting tool is as follows:

the second cutting tool is a truncated cone-shaped cutting tool, and the cone angle of the truncated cone-shaped cutting tool is matched with the cone angle of the side surface of the working end of the electrode to be cut and polished; the truncated cone-shaped cutting tool comprises a plurality of cutting edges with the same geometric shape; the structural size of the circular truncated cone-shaped cutting tool comprises a cutting tool large-end diameter D2, a cutting tool small-end diameter D3 and the number n3 of cutting edges; the relationship between the value range of the structure size and the diameter R of the electrode to be cut and polished and the back inclination angle epsilon of the cutting edge of the second cutting tool is as follows:

the geometrical parameters of the cutting edge of the second cutting tool comprise a front angle lambda, a back angle delta, a blade thickness b and a blade thickness back angle theta; the relationship between the rake angle lambda, the back angle delta, the edge thickness b and the edge thickness back angle theta is as follows:

compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

(1) Due to different cutting and grinding principles of the combined cutting tool on the surface to be repaired of the electrode, various negative attributes formed by the working principle in the prior art are fundamentally eliminated.

(2) Because a helix angle formed after the electrode surface is processed by the prior art does not exist, and the electrode is polished by adopting a fixed displacement cutting mode under the micro-bite amount, the unevenness value of the working surface of the electrode is limited, the unevenness value of the working surface of the electrode after polishing and the parallelism between the surface of the electrode and the surface of a workpiece can be improved by more than 1 order of magnitude, and the stability of the quality of a welding spot in the continuous spot welding process is facilitated.

(3) Because the cutting force is established and is irrelevant to the electrode pressure, the phenomena of reverse cutting and large impact load born by the outer edge of the cutting edge, which are inevitably generated by crossing the inner cutting edge of the axle center part in the prior art, do not exist, and the multi-cutting-edge shares smaller cutting stress than the prior art, so that the service life of the cutting edge of the cutting tool can be effectively prolonged, and the use cost of the cutting tool is only less than one tenth or lower than that of the prior art.

(4) The actual grinding amount of the surface to be ground of the counter electrode is controlled by the displacement precision of the reference surface of the grinding device, the excessive cutting of the counter electrode can be effectively reduced, and the effective utilization rate of electrode materials can be improved by over 50%.

(5) The utilization rate of the electrode material is improved, the electrode replacement frequency is reduced by more than 50%, and the process productivity can be effectively improved under the same process condition.

(6) The grinding quality of the working surface of the electrode is effectively guaranteed, so that the quality of welding spots can be effectively improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a three-dimensional effect diagram of the automatic sharpening machine for single-working-end electrode according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a front view showing the outer appearance of the automatic sharpening device for the electrode according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a left side view showing the configuration of the automatic sharpening device for the electrode according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a top view of the appearance of the automatic sharpening machine for electrode according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a bottom view of the main frame without the cover of the automatic sharpening device for the electrode according to the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a side view of the main frame without the cover of the automatic sharpening device for electrodes according to the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a top view of the main frame without the cover of the automatic sharpening machine for electrodes according to the present invention;

FIG. 8 isbase:Sub>A sectional view taken at the location of section A-A in FIG. 4;

FIG. 9 is a sectional view taken at the location of section B-B in FIG. 4;

FIG. 10-1 is a front sectional view of a split type tool holder of the automatic sharpener for electrodes according to the present invention;

FIG. 10-2 is a top view of the toolholder shown in FIG. 10-1;

FIG. 10-3 is a left side cross-sectional view of the toolholder shown in FIG. 10-1;

FIG. 11-1 is a front cross-sectional view of an integral tool holder in the automatic sharpening machine for electrodes according to the present invention;

FIG. 11-2 is a side view of the toolholder shown in FIG. 11-1;

figure 12-1 is a front cross-sectional view of an integral holder block in the automatic sharpening machine for electrodes according to the present invention;

fig. 12-2 is a side view of the holder block shown in fig. 12-1;

FIG. 13-1 is a front sectional view of a split holder body in the automatic sharpening machine for electrodes according to the present invention;

fig. 13-2 is a side cross-sectional view of the holder block shown in fig. 13-1;

fig. 13-3 is a top view of the holder block shown in fig. 13-1;

FIG. 14 is a front cross-sectional view of an arc-shaped combined cutting tool of the automatic sharpening machine for electrodes according to the present invention;

FIG. 15 is a front cross-sectional view of a truncated cone-shaped composite tip of the automatic tip dresser of the present invention;

FIG. 16-1 is an end view of a cylindrical blade in the automatic electrode dresser of the present invention;

FIG. 16-2 is an axial cross-sectional view of the cylindrical sharps member shown in FIG. 16-1;

FIG. 16-3 is a perspective view of the cylindrical blade shown in FIG. 16-1;

FIG. 17-1 is an axial sectional view of a circular arc blade in the automatic tip sharpener of the present invention;

FIG. 17-2 is an end view of the circular arc sharps member of FIG. 17-1;

FIG. 17-3 is an axial cross-sectional view of a circular table blade in the automatic tip sharpener of the present invention;

FIG. 17-4 is an end elevational view of the rotary table blade illustrated in FIG. 17-3;

FIG. 18 is a block diagram of the second blade edge detail geometry in the automatic electrode tip sharpener of the present invention;

fig. 19 is a partial sectional view showing the meshing relationship between the second and third transition gears of the cutting displacement moving system of the automatic sharpening machine for the electrode shown by K in fig. 9 and the upper and lower circular ring cam gear rings respectively.

FIG. 20 is an enlarged view of a portion of the sectional view of the transition gear of the automatic sharpening device for electrode cutting system shown in FIG. 5C in meshing relationship with the rotary power input gear of the holder body;

FIG. 21-1 is an end view of the upper ring cam ring gear of the present invention;

FIG. 21-2 is a side view of the upper ring cam ring gear of FIG. 21-1;

FIG. 21-3 is a top plan view of the upper ring cam ring gear of FIG. 21-1;

FIG. 21-4 is a perspective view of the upper ring cam ring gear of FIG. 21-1;

FIG. 22-1 is an end view of the upper cam disk of the present invention;

figure 22-2 is a side elevational view of the upper cam disk shown in figure 22-1;

figure 22-3 is a top view of the upper camming disk shown in figure 22-1;

figure 22-4 is a perspective view of the upper camming disk shown in figure 22-1;

FIG. 23-1 is a first view showing the relative positions of the upper circular cam ring gear and the upper cam disc;

fig. 23-2 is a second diagram showing the relative positions of the upper circular ring cam gear ring and the upper cam disc.

In the figure:

1-an upper cover, 2-a main frame, 3-a lower cover, 4, 6 gear shafts, 5-locking screws, 7-a speed reducer, 8-a servo motor, 9-a rotary power alternating current motor, 10, 13-bolts, 11-a cylindrical cutter, 12-an arc-shaped cutter or a circular truncated cone-shaped cutter, 14-an upper convex wheel disc, 15-a spring limit retaining ring, 16-a power input gear, 171-a second transition gear, 172-a third transition gear, 18-a connecting key, 19-a sliding sleeve gear, 21-a first transition gear, 22-a rotary power input gear shaft, 23-an upper circular ring cam gear ring, 24-a sliding sleeve, 25-a cylindrical outer gear, 26-a cutter frame body, 27-a cutter shaft, 281-a first angular contact ball bearing, 282-a second angular contact ball bearing, 29-a large conical gear, 30-a lower circular ring cam gear ring, 31-bolts, 32-a partition plate, 33-an elastic sealing retaining ring, 34-a lower convex wheel disc, 35-a small conical gear, 361-a first rolling bearing assembly, 362-a second rolling bearing assembly, 37-a pin bolt, 37-a rotating shaft, 40-a rotating shaft, and a locking bolt.

Detailed Description

The invention relates to a grinding device which is specially used for automatically grinding a linear moving electrode in a spot welding process, including an automatic welding tongs, a manual welding tongs and an electrode of a fixed spot welder. The automatic electrode coping device realizes the accurate control of the electrode coping amount through a cutting mode of micro-cutting amount and positioning movement control in the electrode coping process; the cutting and grinding speed or the cutting amount of the electrode surface to be repaired is determined by the displacement speed of the electrode surface to be repaired to the cutting edge of the cutting tool, and the displacement speed of the electrode surface to be repaired to the cutting edge is always controlled by a preset program in the grinder in the electrode grinding process. The cutting tool works in a revolution and rotation mode when grinding the electrode, the revolution axis of the revolution takes the electrode axis as an axis, namely, the connection line of the axes of the two angular contact ball bearings is taken as an axis, and the revolution axis of the rotation is always vertical to the electrode axis; the electrode grinding mode of micro-cutting amount and positioning movement control enables the cutting stress of the cutting edge of the cutting tool in the electrode grinding process to be reduced sharply, and the formed revolving and autorotation cutting working mode allows the cutting tool to be manufactured into a multi-cutting-edge cutting tool according to the revolving section shape, and enables the cutting edge of the cutting tool to be manufactured to be sharper; the automatic electrode grinding device has the advantages of better grinding quality, lower electrode material consumption and longer service life of the cutting tool, thereby having positive effects on the aspects of improving the quality of welding spots, reducing the cost of spot welding process and the like.

The invention relates to an automatic coping device for a resistance spot welding electrode, which has the following inventive concept:

(1) And establishing a basic condition for cutting the working end face of the electrode at a fixed displacement under the condition of slight cutting allowance. By using the cutting displacement moving system, the accurate angle subdivision control characteristic of the servo electrode is utilized, and by means of a large reduction ratio speed reducer and a small lead angle relation between a circular cam gear ring and a cam disc, the displacement precision of the axial motion of the outer surface of the cam disc serving as a cutting positioning reference surface is improved according to orders of magnitude, and reliable implementation conditions are laid for micro-cutting-depth positioning and moving cutting.

(2) By changing the working principle of the cutting tool in the electrode grinding process, the method not only creates implementation conditions for using the cutting tool with multiple cutting edges and improving the sharpness of the cutting edges of the cutting tool, but also creates necessary conditions for further reducing the cutting stress of the cutting tool in the electrode grinding process.

(3) The working mode of revolution and high-speed rotation of the combined cutting tool in the electrode grinding process is realized through the structural combination of the combined cutting tool in the sharpening device tool rest.

(4) The technical measures are adopted in the grinding device, so that the aims of ensuring the grinding quality of the electrode surface, reducing the consumption of electrode materials and cutting tools, reducing the cost of a spot welding process and improving the quality of welding spots are fulfilled.

The technical solutions of the present invention are further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, which are only illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

The invention provides an automatic coping device for a resistance spot welding electrode, which comprises a main frame body 2, a cutting system, a cutting displacement moving system and a positioning reference adjusting mechanism.

As shown in fig. 1 to 7, the main frame body 2 is an integral part, and the middle part of the main frame body 2 is a through body rib plate with an irregular shape surface; one end of the rib plate of the main frame body 2 is provided with a circular convex ring with the same outer diameter and the upper and lower sides of which are asymmetrically convex; the inner side of the upper circular convex ring is provided with a shaft shoulder matching hole matched with a circular truncated cone-shaped shaft shoulder of a middle and large bevel gear 29 of the tool rest; an upper cover 1 is fixed at the upper end of the main frame body 2, and a lower cover 3 is fixed at the lower end of the main frame body 2; the upper cover 1, the main frame body 2 and the lower cover 3 form a shell.

In fig. 1 to 7, an upper cover 1, a main frame body 2 and a lower cover 3 are hermetically assembled together to form a shell of the automatic electrode coping device of the invention; wherein, the upper cover cap 1 only plays a role of sealing and dust prevention in the structure; the lower surface of the lower cover 3 has the sealing and dustproof functions, and simultaneously serves as an installation base surface of a servo motor 8 and a speed reducer 7 assembly in a cutting displacement moving system and a rotary power alternating current motor 9 in the cutting system; the main frame body 2 is a main body of the automatic electrode coping machine of the invention, and other mechanisms, components, assemblies, parts and the like which are related to the work of the coping machine are arranged in the main body except the motor and the speed reducer.

As shown in fig. 1 to 9, the cutting displacement moving system comprises a rotary power input gear 22, a first transition gear 21, a bearing of the first transition gear 21 and a tool holder which is assembled in a shaft shoulder matching hole of a circular convex ring at the upper part of the main frame body 2 through a circular truncated cone-shaped shaft shoulder of a large bevel gear 29, which are sequentially driven by a rotary power alternating current motor 9; as shown in fig. 10-1, 10-2 and 10-3, the tool holder includes a tool holder body and a combined cutting tool, the combined cutting tool includes a knife shaft 27, a bevel pinion 35 is fixed at one end of the knife shaft 27, the bevel pinion 35 and the knife shaft 27 are fixed by a pin 38, and a first rolling bearing assembly 361, a first cutting tool 11, a second cutting tool 12, a second rolling bearing assembly 362, a washer 371 and a lock nut 372 are sequentially arranged on the knife shaft 27 from the bevel pinion 35 to the other end of the knife shaft 27; the cross section of the first cutting tool 11 is circular and is provided with a plurality of spiral cutting edges, and when the first cutting tool 11 rotates, the revolving outline track of the cutting edges is matched with the plane of the working end of the electrode to be cut and polished; the cross section of the second cutting tool 12 is in a circular shape with different diameters according to different cutting positions, a plurality of cutting edges are arranged on the outer surface of the second cutting tool 12, and when the second cutting tool 12 rotates, the revolving outline trajectory of the cutting edges is matched with the trajectory of the side surface of the working end of the electrode to be cut and polished; the holder body 26 is a cylinder, and the holder body 26 is provided with an external cylindrical gear 25 (i.e., an input gear of the rotational power of the holder) engaged with the first transition gear 21, as shown in fig. 20; bearing holes which are vertically crossed with the axis of the central hole of the cylinder are arranged on the side walls of the two sides of the tool holder body 26, a rectangular space is arranged in the central hole of the cylinder, the side wall of the rectangular space is intersected with the inner wall of the hole, and the rectangular space is larger than the space occupied by the combined cutting tool when the combined cutting tool rotates around the first cutting tool 11 and the second cutting tool 12; the upper end and the lower end of the cylinder are respectively provided with a shaft shoulder, a first angular contact ball bearing 281 is assembled at the shaft shoulder at the upper end, a second angular contact ball bearing 282 is assembled at the shaft shoulder at the lower end, and a large bevel gear 29 is assembled on the outer ring of the first angular contact ball bearing 281; the combined cutting tool is installed on the tool holder body 26, a first rolling bearing assembly 361 and a second rolling bearing assembly 362 of the combined cutting tool are matched and assembled with bearing holes on two side walls of the tool holder body 26 through outer bearing rings, a first cutting tool 11 and a second cutting tool 12 of the combined cutting tool are positioned in the rectangular space, and the bevel pinion 35 is meshed with the bevel pinion 29; the tool rest is matched and assembled with a shaft shoulder hole at the circular convex ring of the main frame body 2 through a shaft shoulder of the large bevel gear 29 assembled on the tool rest, and the lower end of the tool rest fixes a partition plate 32 on the main frame body 2 through a bolt 31; the tool rest is fixedly arranged on a partition plate 32 on the main frame body 2 through a shaft shoulder of the large bevel gear 29 and the bolt 31 to realize the combination with the main frame body 2; the partition 32 serves two primary functions: first, an assembly body serving as an outer ring of the second angular ball bearing 282 at the lower portion of the holder body 26; secondly, after the partition plate 32 is fixedly arranged on the main frame body 2 by the bolts 31, the downward movement tendency of the sliding sleeve 24 possibly generated due to the gravity action in the working process can be limited.

The cutting system is one of the important support systems for realizing the principle innovation of the automatic electrode coping device, and the cutting system works in the following description mode:

after the rotary power alternating current motor 9 is started, the rotary power is transmitted to the tool rest through the rotary power input gear 22, the first transition gear 21 and the cylindrical outer gear 25 on the tool rest; the tool rest carries the combined cutting tool to rotate by taking an axis established by a connecting line of the axes of two angular contact ball bearings (281 and 282) as an axis, and the revolution of the cutting tool in the electrode grinding process of the combined cutting tool is formed; because the big bevel gear 29 on the tool rest and the small bevel gear 35 at the shaft end of the combined cutting tool have a meshing relationship, the rotating speed of the small bevel gear 35 around the axis thereof is amplified according to the tooth ratio relationship between the big bevel gear 29 and the small bevel gear 35 when the combined cutting tool revolves along with the tool rest; and because the cylindrical cutting tool 11 and the arc-shaped cutting tool or the circular truncated cone-shaped cutting tool 12 and the bevel pinion 35 are coaxially and serially combined on the shaft 27, the synchronous high-speed rotation of the cutting tool combination around the axis of the shaft 27 is driven and amplified simultaneously, and the high-speed rotation of the combined cutting tool in the electrode grinding process is formed. Through the process, the working characteristics of revolution and high-speed rotation of the combined cutting tool in the electrode grinding process are established.

As shown in fig. 1 to 9, the cutting displacement moving system includes a speed reducer 7, a power input gear 16 and a second transition gear 171 engaged with the power input gear 16, which are sequentially driven by a servo motor 8; the servo motor 8 and the speed reducer 7 are both arranged at the lower part of the shell, an output shaft of the speed reducer 7 penetrates into the shell and is assembled with the power input gear 16 at the shaft end thereof, a rotating shaft of the second transition gear 171 is arranged on a rib plate of the main frame body 2, the power input gear 16 and the second transition gear 171 are both positioned below the rib plate, and a third transition gear 172 which is the same as the second transition gear is arranged on the rotating shaft of the second transition gear 171 and positioned above the connecting plate; the outer sides of the circular convex rings with the same outer diameter and asymmetrically raised upper and lower sides on the rib plate of the main frame body 2 are respectively fixedly provided with 1 sliding sleeve 24, as shown in figure 19; the excircle of the sliding sleeve 24 at the upper and lower sides is respectively provided with an upper circular cam gear ring 23 and a lower circular cam gear ring 30; the second transition gear 171 is engaged with the lower circular cam ring gear 30, and the third transition gear 172 is engaged with the upper circular cam ring gear 23; as shown in fig. 21-1, 21-2, 21-3 and 21-4, the upper end surface of the upper ring cam ring gear 23 and the lower end surface of the lower ring cam ring gear 30 are first spiral surfaces 231 with the same helix angle and opposite rotation directions; as shown in fig. 8 and 9, an upper cam disc 14 and a lower cam disc 34 are respectively arranged on two sides of the upper circular cam ring gear 23 and the lower circular cam ring gear 30, as shown in fig. 22-1, 22-2, 22-3 and 22-4, the disc surfaces of the upper cam disc 14 and the lower cam disc 34 are both second spiral surfaces 141, the rotation directions of the contact surfaces between the upper cam disc 14 and the upper circular cam ring gear 23 are opposite, the spiral angles are the same, namely, the two contact surfaces are identical, as shown in fig. 23-1 and 23-2, the rotation directions of the contact surfaces between the lower cam disc 34 and the lower circular cam ring gear 30 are opposite, the spiral angles are the same, and the two contact surfaces are also identical.

The cutting displacement moving system is another important support system for realizing principle innovation of the automatic electrode coping device, and the cutting displacement moving system works in the following description mode:

the cutting displacement moving system comprises the following components in sequence from a power source: the servo motor 8, the speed reducer 7, the power input gear 16 and the transition gear 17 assembled at the two side shaft ends of the same rotating shaft 40; the two transition gears 17 each perform power transmission of the one-side cutting displacement moving mechanism. Wherein, the transition gear 17 positioned at the upper part of the rib plate of the main frame body 2 is meshed with the gear in the upper circular cam gear ring 23; in the rotating process of the upper circular cam gear ring 23, the circular cam part and the circular cam part of the upper cam disc 14 form a sliding fit pair; because the pair of keys 18 has a function of limiting the rotation of the upper cam disk 14, the upper cam disk 14 can only move in the axial direction according to the lift of the cam working pair formed by the change of the rotation angle of the upper ring cam ring gear 23 in response to the rotation of the upper ring cam ring gear 23. Because the subdivision step angle of the servo electrode 8 is very small, a series of elements jointly contribute to the rotation of the corresponding servo motor 8 from the gradual speed reduction function between the large speed reduction ratio speed reducer 7 and the power input gear 16 and the gradual speed reduction function between the upper circular ring cam gear ring 23 and the matching relation between the upper circular ring cam gear ring 23 and the small lift angle circular ring cam inclined plane between the upper convex wheel discs 14 and the like, and the upper convex wheel discs 14 move slowly along the axial direction according to the total speed reduction ratio relation. In the working process, the outer surface of the upper convex wheel disc 14 is also a positioning reference surface for grinding the upper electrode, and the low-speed movement speed of the upper convex wheel disc along the axial direction is also equal to the approaching speed of the surface to be ground of the electrode to the edge of the grinder; through controlling the rotating angle of each working of the servo motor 8, the axial displacement control of the upper convex wheel disc 14 can be realized, and the purpose of positioning, moving and grinding the upper electrode is also realized; the cutting speed during electrode coping corresponds to the axial movement speed of the upper convex wheel disc 14; the axial displacement of the upper convex wheel disc 14 corresponding to each revolution of the cutter is also the maximum inclination angle which can be theoretically generated when the sharpening device cuts the surface of the electrode; during the program design, when the upper convex wheel disc 14 moves to the grinding and cutting limit position every time along the axial direction, the cutter still continues to revolve for a plurality of turns, so the theoretical machining inclination angle does not exist during the actual electrode grinding, and the planeness of the electrode working surface and the parallelism between the electrode working surface and the workpiece surface and the like are ensured while the positioning, shifting and cutting of the upper electrode surface are realized.

The power transmission mode of the other side cutting displacement moving system is completely the same as that of the main frame body 2, and the other side cutting displacement moving system comprises a transition gear 17 arranged at the lower part of a rib plate of the main frame body 2, a lower circular ring cam gear ring 30, a pair of keys 18 and a lower cam disc 34. Except that the lead angles of the cam inclined planes in the lower circular cam ring gear 30 and the lower cam disc 34 and the lead angles of the upper cam ring gear 23 and the upper cam disc 14 are in a mirror image relationship, the other parts of the structures of the parts are completely the same; when the same input power servo motor 8 is operated in rotation, the surfaces of the lower convex discs 34 and the surfaces of the upper convex discs 14 move at the same speed but in opposite directions. Thereby realizing the positioning and cutting of the surface of the lower electrode.

The working process of the cutting displacement moving system enables the datum planes of the upper convex wheel disc (14) and the lower convex wheel disc (34) which are respectively arranged at the two sides to move in the same axial direction, namely, the grinding lengths of the working surfaces of the electrodes at the two sides are ensured to be equal.

In the present invention, an elastic sealing ring 33 is provided between the lower cam disc 34 and the partition 32, as shown in fig. 8 and 9.

As shown in fig. 1 to 9, in the present invention, the positioning reference adjustment mechanism includes a first set of adjustment mechanism and a second set of adjustment mechanism, the first set of adjustment mechanism includes a gear shaft 4, the gear shaft 4 is disposed on the main frame 2 and penetrates through the upper cover 1, the main frame 2 and the lower cover 3 of the housing, one end of the gear shaft 4 extends out of the housing, the extended end is prism-shaped, an annular groove is disposed on the gear shaft 4, a locking screw 5 is disposed on the main frame 2 through a threaded through hole, an end of the locking screw 5 abuts against the annular groove on the gear shaft 4, a sliding sleeve gear 19 is disposed between the upper cam plate 14 and the housing, and a connection key 18 is disposed between an inner surface of the sliding sleeve gear 19 and an outer surface of the upper cam plate 14; if the main frame body 2 is made of a softer material or a hardened and tempered steel material, in order to increase the wear resistance of the main frame body 2 when the main frame body 2 is matched with the upper and lower circular cam ring gears (23 and 30) for work, a sliding sleeve 24 is preferably arranged between the main frame body 2 and the two matching pairs of the upper and lower circular cam ring gears (23 and 30); the inner rings of the sliding sleeves 24 are respectively assembled on the outer rings of the upper and lower circular convex rings of the main frame body 2 in an interference fit manner, the upper and lower circular cam gear rings are respectively assembled on the outer rings of the two sliding sleeves 24, and the friction between the upper and lower circular cam gear rings (23 and 30) and the annular matching surfaces of one sliding sleeve 24 respectively replaces the friction between the original circular cam gear ring and the outer surface of the circular convex ring of the main frame body 2 during work; the first group of adjusting mechanisms finally adjust the upper cam disc 14 to move along the axial direction of the first group of adjusting mechanisms by rotating the gear shaft 4; the second group of adjusting mechanisms and the first group of adjusting mechanisms are in an up-down mirror image relationship relative to the main frame body 2, and the second group of adjusting mechanisms finally adjust the lower cam disc 34 to move along the axial direction of the second group of adjusting mechanisms through rotating the gear shaft 6; as shown in fig. 2-7.

The positioning reference adjusting mechanism is used for manually adjusting the initial positioning reference of the sharpening device, and mainly aims to improve the utilization rate of electrode materials.

The inner hole ports of the sliding sleeve gears 19 positioned at the upper and lower parts in the shell are provided with spring limiting check rings 15. An elastic sealing retainer ring can also be arranged between the upper surface of the circular convex ring of the main frame body 2 and the inner surface of the upper convex wheel disc 14.

As shown in fig. 12-1 and 12-2, in the present invention, the external cylindrical gear 25 and the holder block 26 are of an integral structure. Fig. 11-1 and 11-2 show a tool holder of unitary construction.

As shown in fig. 13-1, 13-2 and 13-3, the external cylindrical gear 25 and the tool rest body 26 are of a split structure, a connecting portion for connecting with the external cylindrical gear 25 is arranged on an outer wall of the tool rest body 26, the connecting portion is of a shaft shoulder or a plurality of lugs uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction, the external cylindrical gear 25 and the connecting portion are connected through a bolt 39, and a space for accommodating the cutter shaft 27 and the bevel pinion 35 is arranged on the external cylindrical gear 25; fig. 10-1, 10-2 and 10-3 show the tool holder in a split configuration.

As shown in fig. 16-1, 16-2 and 16-3, in the present invention, the first cutting tool 11 is a cylindrical cutting tool, the helix angle ω 1 of the plurality of helical cutting edges is the same, and the relationship among the diameter D1 of the cylindrical cutting tool, the number of cutting edges Z = n1 and the helix angle ω 1 is as follows:

the geometric parameters of the cutting edge of the first cutting tool 11 comprise a front angle alpha, a cutting edge thickness f, a back angle sigma and a cutting edge back width e, and the relationship between the value range of the parameters and the material of a spot welding object is as follows:

as shown in fig. 14, 17-1 and 17-2, in the present invention, the second blade 12 is an arc-shaped blade, and the surface of the arc-shaped blade is one of an outer convex arc surface and an inner concave arc surface; the cambered surface radius of the cambered surface-shaped cutting tool is matched with the cambered surface radius of the side surface of the working end of the electrode to be cut and polished; the cambered surface-shaped cutting tool comprises a plurality of cutting edges with the same geometric shape; the structural size of the cambered surface-shaped cutting tool comprises a cutting tool large end diameter D2, a cutting tool small end diameter D3 and cutting edge number Z = n2; the relationship between the value range of the structural dimension and the electrode diameter R to be cut and polished and the spiral angle omega 2 of the cutting edge of the second cutting tool is as follows:

as shown in fig. 15, 17-3 and 17-4, in the present invention, the second cutting tool 12 is a truncated cone-shaped cutting tool, and the taper angle of the truncated cone-shaped cutting tool is matched with the taper angle of the side surface of the working end of the electrode to be ground; the truncated cone-shaped cutting tool comprises a plurality of cutting edges with the same geometric shape; the structural size of the truncated cone-shaped cutting tool comprises the diameter D2 of the large end of the cutting tool, the diameter D3 of the small end of the cutting tool and the number Z = n3 of cutting edges; the relationship between the value range of the structure size and the diameter R of the electrode to be cut and polished and the back inclination angle epsilon of the cutting edge of the second cutting tool is as follows:

as shown in fig. 18, in the present invention, the geometric parameters of the cutting edge of the second cutting tool 12 include a rake angle λ, a back angle δ, a blade thickness b and a blade thickness back angle θ; the relationship between the rake angle λ, the back angle δ, the edge thickness b, and the edge thickness back angle θ is as follows:

the sharpening device of the invention also comprises the following parts for assisting the stable work of each functional system and mechanism, comprising:

(1) A circlip 33 as shown in fig. 8 or 9; FIG. 8 shows the structure of the elastic sealing ring 33 installed on both the upper and lower sides of the structure, and FIG. 9 shows the structure of the elastic sealing ring 33 installed only on the lower part of the structure; the elastic sealing retainer ring 33 is used for preventing cutting scraps generated during electrode grinding from entering cavities for power transmission of the grinding device, so that adverse effects are formed on the rotation state of each power transmission system; since all the chips in the electrode dresser leak from the lower portion, the configuration of the single elastic retainer 33 shown in fig. 9 may be adopted.

(2) A spring retention ring 15 as shown in figures 4, 5, 7 to 9; the spring limiting retainer ring 15 is used for preventing the upper cam disc 14 and the lower cam disc 34 from falling off from the sharpening machine main frame body 2; after the sharpening device is installed in place, if the upper cam disc 14 and the lower cam disc 34 are in the up-and-down working posture, the upper spring limiting retainer ring 15 is not installed.

The power of the electrode sharpening device cutting displacement moving system is a servo motor 8, and the motor can be replaced by a stepping motor in view of manufacturing cost.

The electrical control system of the automatic electrode coping device can be controlled by a single chip microcomputer or a PLC (programmable logic controller); if the group control system on the production line makes a request for communication with the sharpening device, PLC control must be selected.

When the automatic electrode coping device is used in production, the automatic coping device can be automatically started and stopped by using various sensors, and the automatic electrode coping device can also be started and stopped by using a manual switch.

One end of the electrode sharpening device main frame body 2 is prefabricated with 4 mounting holes for installing the sharpening device, and the electrode sharpening device main frame body can be installed on a bracket or other stable base surfaces according to the production process requirements.

In summary, the present invention overcomes the above-mentioned problems caused by the structure and the operation principle attributes in the prior art. The working mode that the tool rest established by the cutting system carries the combined cutting tool to rotate confirms the principle attribute that the combined cutting tool of the automatic electrode coping machine revolves and rotates at high speed in the electrode coping process, and creates necessary conditions for the use of multi-edge cutting tools; the electrode cutting machine has the advantages that the cutting edge of the multi-edge cutting tool is sharper, the high-rotation-speed working characteristics of the cutting tool are combined with the accurate control of the cutting displacement moving speed and the moving displacement of the cutting displacement moving system, and the positioning, moving and cutting of the electrode working end under the condition of slight cutting depth are realized. The technical measures are implemented together, so that the cutting stress of the cutting edge of the cutting tool is effectively reduced, and the service life of the cutting tool is prolonged; due to the change of the cutting principle of the cutting edge of the cutting tool in the electrode grinding process, the grinding quality of the working surface of the electrode, the consumption of electrode materials, the quality of welding points and the like can be well achieved.

While the present invention has been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, which are illustrative only and not restrictive, and various modifications which do not depart from the spirit of the present invention and which are intended to be covered by the claims of the present invention may be made by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. An automatic sharpening device for a resistance spot welding electrode comprises a main frame body (2), a cutting system, a cutting displacement moving system and a positioning reference adjusting mechanism;

the main frame body (2) is an integral part, and the middle part of the main frame body (2) is a through rib plate with an irregular surface; one end of the rib plate of the main frame body (2) is provided with a circular convex ring which has the same outer diameter and the upper and lower sides of which are asymmetrically raised; the inner side of the upper part of the circular convex ring is provided with a shaft shoulder matching hole matched with a circular truncated cone-shaped shaft shoulder of a large bevel gear (29) in the tool rest; an upper cover (1) is fixed at the upper end of the main frame body (2), and a lower cover (3) is fixed at the lower end of the main frame body (2); the upper cover (1), the main frame body (2) and the lower cover (3) form a shell;

the cutting system comprises a rotary power input gear (22) sequentially driven by a rotary power alternating current motor (9), a first transition gear (21) and a tool rest assembled at the position of a shaft shoulder matching hole of the main frame body (2); the cutter frame comprises a cutter frame body and a combined cutting tool, the combined cutting tool comprises a cutter shaft (27), a small bevel gear (35) is fixed at one end of the cutter shaft (27), the small bevel gear (35) and the cutter shaft (27) are fixed through a pin shaft (38), and a first rolling bearing assembly (361), a first cutting tool (11), a second cutting tool (12), a second rolling bearing assembly (362), a washer and a lock nut are sequentially arranged on the cutter shaft (27) from the small bevel gear (35) to the other end of the cutter shaft (27);

the cross section of the first cutting tool (11) is circular and cylindrical, and is provided with a plurality of spiral cutting edges, and when the first cutting tool (11) rotates, the revolving outline track of the cutting edges is matched with the plane of the working end of the electrode to be cut and polished;

the cross section of the second cutting tool (12) is in a circular shape with different diameters according to different cutting positions, a plurality of cutting edges are arranged on the outer surface of the second cutting tool (12), and when the second cutting tool (12) rotates, the revolving outline trajectory of the cutting edges is matched with the trajectory of the side surface of the working end of the electrode to be cut and polished; the tool rest body (26) is a cylinder, an outer cylindrical gear (25) meshed with the first transition gear (21) is arranged on the tool rest body (26), bearing holes vertically crossed with the axis of a center hole of the cylinder are formed in the side walls of the two sides of the tool rest body (26), a rectangular space is arranged in the center hole of the cylinder, the side wall of the rectangular space is intersected with the inner wall of the center hole of the cylinder, and the rectangular space is larger than the space occupied by the first cutting tool (11) and the second cutting tool (12) in the combined cutting tool when rotating; the upper end and the lower end of the cylinder are respectively provided with a shaft shoulder, a first angular contact ball bearing (281) is assembled at the shaft shoulder at the upper end, a second angular contact ball bearing (282) is assembled at the shaft shoulder at the lower end, and a large bevel gear (29) is installed on an outer ring of the first angular contact ball bearing (281) in a matching manner; the combined cutting tool is installed on the tool holder body (26), a first rolling bearing assembly (361) and a second rolling bearing assembly (362) of the combined cutting tool are matched and assembled with bearing holes in the side walls of the two sides of the tool holder body through bearing outer rings, a first cutting tool (11) and a second cutting tool (12) of the combined cutting tool are located in the rectangular space, and the small bevel gear (35) is meshed with the large bevel gear (29); the tool rest is matched and assembled with a shaft shoulder matching hole of the main frame body (2) through a shaft shoulder at one end of the large bevel gear (29) assembled on the tool rest, and a partition plate (32) is fixed on the main frame body (2) through a bolt (31) at the lower end of the tool rest; the tool rest is combined with the main frame body (2) through a shaft shoulder of the large bevel gear (29) and the partition plate (32) fixedly arranged on the main frame body (2) through a bolt (31); the axis connecting line of the first angular contact ball bearing (281) and the second angular contact ball bearing (282) is a rotation axis in the working process of the tool rest;

the second cutting tool (12) is an arc-shaped cutting tool or a circular truncated cone-shaped cutting tool; when the second cutting tool (12) is an arc-shaped cutting tool, the surface of the arc-shaped cutting tool is one of an outer convex cambered surface or an inner concave cambered surface; the cambered surface radius of the cambered surface-shaped cutting tool is matched with the cambered surface radius of the side surface of the working end of the electrode to be cut and polished; when the second cutting tool (12) is a truncated cone-shaped cutting tool, the cone angle of the truncated cone-shaped cutting tool is matched with the cone angle of the side face of the working end of the electrode to be cut and polished;

the cutting displacement moving system comprises a speed reducer (7) sequentially driven by a servo motor (8), a power input gear (16) and a second transition gear (171) meshed with the power input gear (16); the servo motor (8) and the speed reducer (7) are assembled at the lower part of the shell after being combined in series, and the power input gear (16) is assembled at the shaft end of the output shaft of the speed reducer penetrating into the shell and meshed with a second transition gear (171) arranged at the lower part of a rib plate of the main frame body (2); a rotating shaft (40) of the second transition gear (171) is arranged on a rib plate of the main frame body (2), the power input gear (16) and the second transition gear (171) are both positioned below the rib plate of the main frame body (2), and a third transition gear (172) which is the same as the second transition gear is arranged on the rotating shaft (40) of the second transition gear (171) and positioned above the rib plate of the main frame body (2); the outer sides of the circular convex rings which have the same outer diameter and are asymmetrically raised at the upper and lower sides on the rib plate of the main frame body (2) are respectively fixedly provided with 1 sliding sleeve (24); the excircle of the sliding sleeve (24) at the upper side and the lower side is respectively provided with an upper circular cam gear ring (23) and a lower circular cam gear ring (30); the second transition gear (171) is meshed with the upper circular cam gear ring (23), and the third transition gear (172) is meshed with the lower circular cam gear ring (30); the upper end surface of the circular ring part of the upper circular ring cam gear ring (23) and the lower end surface of the circular ring part of the lower circular ring cam gear ring (30) are first spiral surfaces with the same helix angle and opposite rotation directions; an upper circular ring cam gear ring (23) and a lower circular ring cam gear ring (30) are respectively provided with an upper circular ring disc (14) and a lower circular ring disc (34) at two sides, the circular ring parts of the upper circular ring disc (14) and the lower circular ring disc (34) are both second spiral surfaces, the rotating directions of contact surfaces between the upper circular ring disc (14) and the upper circular ring cam gear ring (23) are opposite, the spiral rising angles are the same, and the rotating directions of contact surfaces between the lower circular ring disc (34) and the lower circular ring cam gear ring (30) are opposite, and the spiral rising angles are the same;

an elastic sealing retainer ring (33) is arranged between the lower cam disc (34) and the partition plate (32);

the positioning reference adjusting mechanism comprises a first group of adjusting mechanism and a second group of adjusting mechanism, the first group of adjusting mechanism comprises a gear shaft (4), the gear shaft (4) is arranged on the main frame body (2) and penetrates through the upper cover (1), the main frame body (2) and the lower cover (3) of the shell, one end of the gear shaft (4) extends out of the shell, the extending end is prism-shaped, an annular groove is formed in the gear shaft (4), a locking screw (5) is arranged on the main frame body (2) through a threaded through hole in the side face, the end part of the locking screw (5) is propped against the annular groove in the gear shaft (4), a sliding sleeve gear (19) is arranged between the upper convex wheel disc (14) and the shell, and a connecting key (18) is arranged between the inner surface of the sliding sleeve gear (19) and the outer surface of the upper convex wheel disc (14); the first group of adjusting mechanisms finally adjust the upper cam disc (14) to move along the axial direction of the first group of adjusting mechanisms by rotating the gear shaft (4); the second group of adjusting mechanisms and the first group of adjusting mechanisms are in a vertical mirror image relation relative to the main frame body (2), and the second group of adjusting mechanisms finally adjust the lower cam disc (34) to move along the axial direction of the second group of adjusting mechanisms;

the inner hole ports of the sliding sleeve gears (19) positioned at the upper and lower parts in the shell are respectively provided with a spring limiting retainer ring (15).

2. The automatic sharpening device for the resistance spot welding electrode according to claim 1, characterized in that an elastic sealing retainer ring (33) is arranged between the upper surface of the circular boss of the main frame body (2) and the inner wall of the upper cam disc (14).

3. The automatic sharpening machine for resistance spot welding electrodes according to claim 1, characterized in that: the cylindrical outer gear (25) and the tool rest body (26) are of an integral structure.

4. The automatic sharpening device for the resistance spot welding electrode according to claim 1, wherein the external cylindrical gear (25) and the cutter holder body (26) are of a split structure, a connecting part for connecting with the external cylindrical gear (25) is arranged on the outer wall of the cutter holder body (26), the connecting part is of a shaft shoulder or a plurality of lugs uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction, and the external cylindrical gear (25) is connected with the connecting part through a bolt.

5. The automatic sharpening device for resistance spot welding electrodes according to claim 4, characterized in that said external cylindrical gear (25) is provided with a shock absorbing hole.

6. The automatic sharpening device for resistance spot welding electrodes according to claim 5, wherein the cylindrical external gear (25) is provided with a space for accommodating both end shoulders of the cutter shaft (27) and the bevel pinions (35) and the locknuts (37).

7. The automatic sharpening device for resistance spot welding electrodes according to claim 1, wherein said truncated cone shaped blade comprises a plurality of geometrically identical cutting edges; the structural size of the truncated cone-shaped cutting tool comprises the diameter D2 of the large end of the cutting tool, the diameter D3 of the small end of the cutting tool and the number n3 of cutting edges; the relationship between the value range of the structure size and the diameter R of the electrode to be cut and polished and the back inclination angle epsilon of the cutting edge of the second cutting tool is as follows:

electrode diameter R Diameter D2 of large end of cutting tool Diameter D3 of small end of cutting tool Number of cutting edges n3 Back inclination angle epsilon 13 mm ≥35 mm ≥9 mm 8 to 14 0～3° 16 mm ≥43 mm ≥11 mm 14 to 20 0～4° 20 mm ≥52 mm ≥12 mm 18 to 25 0～5°

。

8. The automatic sharpening machine for resistance spot welding electrodes according to claim 7, characterized in that the geometrical parameters of the cutting edge of said second blade (12) comprise a front angle λ, a back angle δ, a blade thickness b and a blade thickness back angle θ; the relationship between the rake angle λ, the back angle δ, the edge thickness b, and the edge thickness back angle θ is as follows:

cutting edge rake angle lambda Cutting edge back angle delta Edge thickness b of cutting edge Edge thickness back angle theta 4～8º 10～15º ≥0.8mm 12～20º

。