CN216421290U - Symmetrical type electrode automatic grinding device with controllable grinding displacement and adjustable grinding angle - Google Patents
Symmetrical type electrode automatic grinding device with controllable grinding displacement and adjustable grinding angle Download PDFInfo
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- CN216421290U CN216421290U CN202120472670.9U CN202120472670U CN216421290U CN 216421290 U CN216421290 U CN 216421290U CN 202120472670 U CN202120472670 U CN 202120472670U CN 216421290 U CN216421290 U CN 216421290U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a symmetrical automatic electrode coping device with controllable coping displacement and adjustable coping angle, which comprises a closed shell consisting of a left shell and a right shell, wherein the main body parts of functional mechanisms for electrode cutting coping, cutting displacement control, coping angle adjustment and the like are all arranged in the closed shell. The electrode cutting and grinding mechanism drives the combined cutting tool to work in a revolution and rotation mode through different combination modes of gears, gear rings and the like; the cutting displacement control mechanism converts the rotary power of the stepping motor into micro-distance linear motion of cutting displacement by utilizing the positive and negative threaded shafts; the coping angle adjusting mechanism is used for compensating deflection of the working surface of the electrode caused by welding deflection deformation of the welding tongs mechanical arm and the like. The multi-blade combined cutting tool and the grinding principle of revolution and rotation thereof have the functional characteristics of positioning, moving and grinding mode without external force, grinding angle adjustment and the like, and have remarkable and positive effects on the aspects of prolonging the service life of the cutting tool, reducing unnecessary cutting of electrodes, improving the quality of welding spots, reducing the cost of spot welding process and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of automatic electrode grinding, and relates to technical equipment for grinding spot welding electrodes in a resistance spot welding process, in particular to special technical equipment capable of automatically grinding the working end parts of electrodes of various automatic welding tongs or fixed spot welding machines in the resistance spot welding technical process, and particularly relates to a symmetrical automatic electrode grinding device with controllable grinding displacement and adjustable grinding angle.
Background
In the process of continuous spot welding, under the circulation action of severe working loads such as high temperature, high pressure and the like, the diameter and the components of the working surface of the electrode, the contact area between the working surface of the electrode and the surface of a workpiece, contact resistance, contact thermal resistance and the like are continuously changed along with the increasing of the ordinal number of a welding point, a series of changes dynamically change the total resistance value between welding point joints and the distribution proportion relation of the resistance along the thickness direction of the plate, the heat generated by resistance precipitation among all parts of the joints is continuously redistributed along with the change of the distribution proportion relation of the resistance among the parts of the joints, and the influence on the quality of the welding point, the cost of the spot welding process and the like is generated in different degrees according to different relations of the redistribution proportion of the heat. In order to reduce the excessive adverse effects on the quality of welding spots, the cost of spot welding process and the like caused by the overlarge change of the surface state of the electrode, the mode of periodically grinding the working end part of the electrode is adopted in production, and the purpose of restricting the quality dispersion of the welding spots within an allowable range is achieved by taking a precautionary measure of limiting the surface size and the shape of the working end of the electrode within a certain fluctuation range.
The electrode sharpening machine is mainly intended to achieve the following effects: the method comprises the steps of restoring the enlarged working surface diameter of an electrode to an initial set value, namely limiting the feeding surface diameter or the feeding area of the electrode to fluctuate in two electrode grinding periods, and creating necessary conditions for ensuring the relative balance of the feeding and heat-conducting cross section areas in the welding nugget forming process; the method comprises the following steps of removing various non-electrode raw materials formed by the electrode working surfaces in the spot welding process, including an alloy layer, an attachment layer and the like, and simultaneously trimming the two electrode working surfaces to be parallel to the surface of a workpiece in the spot welding process, so that the effective contact area between the electrode working surfaces and the surface of the workpiece is increased, and the contact resistance between the electrode working surfaces and the surface of the workpiece and the possible negative influence on the quality of welding spots and the cost of the spot welding process are reduced.
The electrode coping device is divided into a manual coping device and an automatic coping device; the price difference is very different because of different product types. The manual sharpening device needs to rely on the experience of an operator to ensure that the working surfaces of the two electrodes at the spatial positions during sharpening are respectively in parallel relation with the surfaces of the workpieces at the two sides in a working state, so that the manual sharpening device is a work with considerable operation difficulty; meanwhile, the grinding mode is difficult to grasp to compensate the additional deformation inevitably formed in the spot welding process, so the process guarantee effect is very limited, and even the quality of the welding spot and the cost of the spot welding process are possibly negatively influenced.
The automatic electrode sharpening device in the prior art mainly has the following defects:
1. the grinding principle of the automatic electrode grinding device in the prior art is similar, and the automatic electrode grinding device has the following common attributes: the cutting edge tool is an integrated blade with cutting edges on two sides, and the surfaces of working ends of electrodes to be repaired on two sides are synchronously polished by the cutting edges on one blade, wherein the two sides of the cutting edge are in a mirror image relation; the cutting edge of the plane part of the cutting tool processing electrode is an arc, and the working surfaces of the two processed electrodes are spherical surfaces with the curvature radius equal to that of the cutting edge; after the electrode is polished, the contact mode between the working surface of the electrode and the surface of a workpiece is theoretically point contact, so that the current overload degree, the ablation speed and the deterioration speed of the working surface of the electrode during spot welding are greatly improved. When the electrode is polished, the electrode pressure always acts on the cutting edges on the two sides of the cutting tool vertically, the possibility that the cutting edges of the cutting tool adopt a design with a front rake angle is eliminated, and the polishing essence of the surfaces of the electrode by the cutting edges on the two sides in the cutting tool which are in mirror image relation is respectively positive edge scraping and reverse edge scraping, but not cutting; in any case, the cutting edge of the cutting tool on one side is always in a reverse-edge scraping state, and the abrasion speed difference of the cutting edges on the two sides of the cutting tool is extremely large; from the outer edge of the cutting tool to the rotation center of the cutting tool, the scraping linear speed of the cutting edge changes from V to Vmax to V to 0, namely the scraping linear speed of the cutting edge at the outer diameter part of the electrode is the maximum; within a certain radius range from the axis of the electrode, because the scraping linear speed is less than the critical scraping speed, the stripping between the electrode material to be scraped and the electrode surface in the region is a comprehensive result of the superposition effect of the rotary tearing and the rotary rolling of the cutting edge, and the damage effect of the grinding process on the cutting edge of the cutting tool is stronger. The influence of the repeated positioning precision of the robot is considered, in order to remove the metal to be scraped at the axis position of the electrode, the length of the cutting edge must pass through the rotation center of the cutting tool in design, and the cutting edge beyond the rotation center part bears the hard extrusion and other severe working conditions in the scraping process, so that the cutting edge is easily rapidly blunted or chipped. During spot welding, the electrode holding rod inevitably generates certain flexural deformation under the action of electrode pressure, the working surface of the electrode deflects at an angle along with the flexural deformation, the duration of spot welding operation performed on the working surface of the electrode and the surface of a workpiece in a poor contact state is prolonged, and negative effects are formed on the service life of the electrode, the quality of welding spots and the like; the automatic electrode grinding device in the prior art does not have the corresponding grinding angle compensation capability.
2. The scraping force of the cutting edge of the cutting tool on electrode grinding is established by electrode pressure and cutting tool rotating torque together, nominally the grinding amount of the electrode at each time is determined by three parameters of cutting edge rotating speed, electrode pressure and grinding time during electrode grinding, but actually is directly related to the condition that the cutting edge becomes blunt; the cutting tool scraping working principle determines that the cutting edge dulling speed is high, under the same process parameter setting condition, the cutting amount of the electrode in each grinding process is gradually increased along with the increase of the abrasion degree of the cutting edge, the proportion of the unnecessary scraping electrode consumption is increased along with the increase of the inactivation degree of the cutting edge, and the average proportion of the unnecessary cutting can reach more than 50% of the total consumption of the electrode grinding.
3. In a strict sense, the grinding principle of the electrode automatic grinding device in the prior art is only suitable for grinding the electrode on the linear motion type fixed point welding machine.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model overcomes the defects of the prior art and provides the symmetrical automatic electrode coping device which can realize the automatic coping of the electrodes on various automatic resistance spot welding tongs or fixed point welding machines and has controllable coping displacement and adjustable coping angle.
The automatic electrode coping device has the following characteristics: cutting and grinding the to-be-repaired end part of the electrode in a revolution and rotation mode by adopting a multi-cutting-edge combined cutting tool with a front rake; the cutting force of the cutting edge of the cutting tool during grinding of the working end face of the electrode is irrelevant to the pressure of the electrode; the electrode grinding machine can carry out fixed displacement grinding on the working end face of an electrode under the condition of slight cutting allowance, also can carry out angular displacement compensation aiming at the deflection deformation generated by different electrode holding rods in the spot welding process and the deflection generated by other working planes of the electrode, and really ensures that a good fit relation is formed between the working surface of the electrode after grinding and the surface of a workpiece in the spot welding process. The characteristics jointly determine the advantages of long service life of the cutting tool, extremely compressible unnecessary cutting amount during electrode grinding, high utilization rate of electrode materials, good contact state between the ground electrode working surface and the workpiece surface during spot welding operation and the like, and create good basic guarantee conditions for reducing the consumption of the cutting tool and the electrode materials, reducing the energy consumption of the spot welding process, guaranteeing the quality of welding spots and the like.
The concrete improvement is as follows:
the utility model provides an automatic coping ware of symmetrical formula electrode that coping displacement is controllable, coping angle adjustable which characterized in that: comprises a closed shell consisting of a left shell (32) and a right shell (32) with mirror image structures, wherein the mechanical part or all or the main body part of each functional mechanism of the equipment is arranged in the closed shell; the functional mechanism of the equipment comprises an electrode cutting and grinding mechanism, a cutting displacement control mechanism and an electrode grinding angle adjusting mechanism;
the electrode cutting and grinding mechanisms in the functional mechanism are two sets and respectively and independently undertake grinding work of the working end parts of the electrodes to be ground at two sides, and a set of combined cutting tool is arranged in each set of electrode cutting and grinding mechanism;
the two sets of electrode cutting and grinding mechanisms are provided with rotary power input by a power motor (37) fixedly arranged on the surface of the shell (32) on one side; inserting the shaft end of a power input shaft (26) into an inner hole of a rotary bearing (21) fixedly installed on a shell; in a shaft hole of a mounting seat (28) of the power motor (37), a shaft of the power motor (37) is connected with a power input shaft (26) of the mechanism through a shaft sleeve (29) and a key (27); two ends of the power input shaft (26) are respectively provided with a group of ball cage (25) and ball cage gear (24) assemblies, and two ends of the power input shaft are respectively axially limited by two clamp springs (22); the ball cage gear (24) transmits the rotary power input by the power motor (37) to two revolution gears (14) respectively arranged at the two sides in the shell through a power transition gear (19) meshed with the ball cage gear, and the two revolution gears (14) transmit the rotary power to two sets of same electrode cutting and grinding mechanisms respectively; the power motor (37) is fixed on the surface of the shell (32) by using 4 power motor fixing bolts (61) together with a mounting seat (28) thereof;
an inner ring of the revolution gear bearing (30) is tightly matched and arranged at the position of a ring table corresponding to the revolution gear (14); a circular sinking platform is arranged on the outer side of the axis on the disc surface on the outer side of the revolution gear (14) and is used as a rotation gear assembly hole (76), a rotation bearing (3) of the rotation gear (4) is tightly assembled in the circular sinking platform in a matching way, and the shaft end of the rotation gear (4) is tightly assembled in an inner hole of the rotation bearing (3) in a matching way;
a scrap separating plate (12) is embedded in a sinking platform on the end face of the outer side of the fixed gear ring (1), the outer circle of the fixed gear ring (1) is tightly assembled in an inner hole of the oscillating body (2), and the outer ring of the revolution gear bearing (30) is tightly assembled in a corresponding sinking groove of the fixed gear ring (1); the position relation among the swinging body, the fixed gear ring (1) and the revolution gear bearing (30) is fixed by a fastening screw (31);
two swinging bodies (2) are mirror image structures, and two bearing holes are formed in arm ends of the swinging bodies, wherein: the outer side bearing hole is a power input gear bearing (23) mounting hole (73), and the inner side bearing hole is a power transition gear bearing (17) mounting hole (72); during assembly, the outer circles of the shaft ends of the power input gear (24) and the power transition gear (19) are respectively and tightly assembled into inner holes of the power input gear bearing (23) and the power transition gear bearing (17); a ball cage (25) is arranged in an inner hole of the power input gear (24), after the position relation between the power input gear (24) and the power input bearing (23) is locked by a clamp spring (22), an outer ring of the power input gear bearing (23) is tightly assembled in a bearing hole (73) in the swinging body (2); respectively and tightly fitting two power transition gear shafts (18) into inner holes of two power transition gears (19), tightly fitting and assembling an outer ring of a power transition gear bearing (17) and an outer circle of the power transition gear (19), and tightly fitting and fitting the outer circle of the power transition gear (19) into a bearing hole (72) in the swinging body (2); the plane parts at two sides of the ring surface of the two swinging bodies (2) are provided with a swinging pin hole (70) of the swinging body for inserting the hinge pin (46) in a mirror image manner; the end part of the ring surface of the swinging body (2) is also provided with a fastening screw hole (74), and a fastening screw (31) is arranged through the fastening screw hole to enhance the tight fit effect between the revolution gear bearing (30) and the swinging body (2);
after a sliding bearing (6) is installed in a close fit manner at the position of a sunken table on the inner side surface of a cover cap (11), the cover cap (11) is installed in the sunken table on the outer side surface of a swinging body (2) in a clearance fit manner, meanwhile, an outward extending shaft end of a cutter shaft (9) of a combined cutting tool is inserted into an inner hole of the sliding bearing (6), and a first fixing bolt (8) is used for fixing the position between the cover cap (11) and the cutter shaft (9); after the second fixing bolt (15) penetrates through the cover cap (11) and the scrap separating plate (12), the fixed connection relationship between the cover cap (11) and the revolving gear (14) is established through the fixed connection relationship between the second fixing bolt (15) and 3 revolving gear fixing bolt holes (75) formed in the surface of the revolving gear (14); after two groups of the combined parts are respectively installed in corresponding holes at two sides of the shell (32), two hinge pins (46) respectively penetrate through reserved holes in the shell (32) and are inserted into the reserved holes in the two swinging bodies (2), so that the two swinging bodies (2) are hinged with the shell (32);
the cutting displacement control mechanism in the functional mechanism simultaneously controls two sets of cutting displacement limiting mechanisms which are respectively arranged at two sides of the shell by the same transmission mechanism, and a stepping motor and a speed reducer (49) directly connected with the stepping motor provide power;
an output shaft of the stepping motor reducer (49) is connected with a displacement power input gear (62) in the shell (32) through a second key (66), and the rotary power input by the stepping motor (49) is transmitted to the displacement transmission gear ring (34) through the displacement transition gear (36); two sides of the displacement transmission gear ring (34) are provided with a gear shaft (42) meshed with the displacement transmission gear ring in a mirror image mode respectively; the shafts on the two sides of the two gear shafts (42) are respectively provided with positive and negative threads, and each threaded shaft is respectively screwed with a positive and negative thread sleeve (41) with the same thread screwing direction as the thread screwing direction of the screwed shaft; a set of cutting displacement control mechanism is respectively arranged on the two thread sleeves (41) on the same side;
the shaft ends of the displacement power input gear (62) and the displacement transition gear (36) are respectively and tightly matched and assembled with a displacement gear bearing (58) and a displacement gear transition bearing (64), and the displacement gear bearings (58) are respectively and tightly matched and assembled in bearing holes on the shell (32);
after the inner hole of the displacement transmission gear ring (34) is tightly matched and assembled with the outer ring of the displacement transmission gear ring bearing (33), the inner ring of the displacement transmission gear ring bearing (33) is respectively tightly matched and assembled with the shell (32); two sides of a gear in the gear shaft (42) are respectively provided with a retainer ring (44) which is used for limiting the axial limit displacement of the positive and negative thread sleeves (41) at two sides during electrode grinding; the shaft neck parts at two sides of the two gear shafts (42) are respectively provided with a gear shaft bearing (45) in a close fit manner, and the outer ring of each gear shaft bearing (45) is respectively arranged in the corresponding bearing mounting hole on the shell (32) in a close fit manner;
the cutting displacement control mechanisms respectively comprise two reference sleeves (38), a limiting plate (13) and two jackscrews (7); and the inner holes at two sides of the limiting plate (13) are respectively provided with a hinge pin (47), the other ends of the hinge pins (47) are respectively hinged and inserted into corresponding shaft holes on one reference sleeve (38), the inner holes of the two reference sleeves (38) in the combination are sleeved on the upper parts of the two threaded sleeves (41), the bottom surfaces of the reference sleeves (38) are tightly attached to the upper surfaces of the threaded sleeves (41), and then the relative positions between each reference sleeve (38) and the corresponding threaded sleeve (41) are locked by a jackscrew (7).
The two sets of electrode grinding angle adjusting mechanisms in the functional mechanism respectively undertake the work of grinding angle adjustment of the two sets of electrode cutting grinding mechanisms which are respectively arranged in the closed shell (32);
the electrode grinding angle adjusting mechanism comprises a swing angle adjusting knob (20), a rotating shaft (67) and a bevel gasket (68); the swing angle adjusting knob (20) is exposed out of the surface of the shell (32) and arranged outside the same side surface of the shell (32) in a mirror image mode, and the rotating shaft (67) and the inclined plane gasket (68) are arranged in the shell (32); the two swing angle adjusting screws (21) respectively undertake the grinding angular displacement adjusting work of the two sets of electrode cutting grinding mechanisms.
The automatic electrode coping device also comprises a set of negative-pressure chip suction system, wherein the negative-pressure chip suction system is used for sucking chips generated in the electrode coping process out of the coping device body in real time by utilizing a negative pressure principle;
the negative pressure chip suction system comprises a negative pressure generator, a negative pressure pipeline and two negative pressure suction nozzles (16) which are respectively and fixedly arranged on the surfaces of the two sides of the closed shell (32); the negative pressure generator is connected with the negative pressure suction nozzle (16) through a flexible pipeline;
two negative pressure suction nozzles (16) are respectively and fixedly arranged at the negative pressure suction port positions on the surfaces of the swinging bodies (2) at two sides, and inner holes of the negative pressure suction nozzles are communicated with a chamber which is formed by sealing a scrap separating plate (12), the inner wall of the fixed gear ring (1), the swinging bodies (2) and the lower surface of the cover cap (11); the cuttings sucked out instantly by negative pressure pass through the negative pressure suction nozzle (16), the negative pressure pipeline and the negative pressure generator and then are led into a cuttings collecting bag appointed by a user through a guide pipe at the rear end of the negative pressure generator.
Each set of electrode cutting and grinding mechanism is internally provided with a set of combined cutting tool, the combined cutting tool comprises a cutter shaft (9), the shaft end of the cutter shaft (9) with a flange (65) is assembled with a self-rotating gear (4), and the other end of the cutter shaft (9) is provided with a threaded hole (81):
a circular sinking platform (59) is arranged at the shaft end of one side of the rotation gear (4) along the axis, and the bottom surface of the circular sinking platform (59) is used as a positioning base surface after the cutter shaft (9) is inserted into the shaft hole of the rotation gear (4); a centrosymmetric circular sinking platform (83) is arranged on the other side disc surface of the rotation gear (4), and a first cutting tool (5) is fixedly arranged in the circular sinking platform (8) by using two fixing pins (50) to form an assembly;
a second cutting tool (10) or (52) is coaxially embedded in a circular sinking platform (80) which is centrosymmetric on the first cutting tool (5); the rotation gear (4), the second cutting tool (10) or (52) and the cutter shaft (9) are radially constrained and fixed by a first key (51);
the first cutting tool (5) is in the shape of a thin-wall disc; the same cutting edges (82) with a plurality of radial trajectory lines are uniformly distributed on the annular surface of the convex ring at the outer side of the circular sinking platform (80) relative to the circle center; the second cutting tool (10) or (52) is an arc-surface cutting tool (10) and a truncated cone-shaped cutting tool (52) respectively.
When the first cutting tool (5) grinds the electrode in a rotating way, the rotating plane of the cutting edge of the first cutting tool is always attached to the working end plane part (56) of the electrode to be cut and grinded, and only the grinding work of the working end plane part (56) of the electrode is undertaken;
the relation between the front angle alpha, the edge thickness f, the edge thickness back angle theta, the edge back width e, the disc diameter D1 and the cutting edge number n1 of the cutting edges (82) and the material of the spot welding is as follows:
| spot welding material | Front angle alpha | Edge thickness f | Edge thickness back angle theta | Width behind edge e | Disc diameter D1 | Number of cutting edges |
| Steel plate | ||||||
| 3～8° | f≥0.2 |
15～25° | ≥0.8mm | ≥30 | ≥32 | |
| Aluminum plates | 2.5～5° | f≥0.3 |
15～25° | ≥0.8mm | ≥35 | ≥34。 |
When the cambered surface cutting tool (10) rotationally grinds the electrode to be cut and ground, the revolving outline trajectory of the cutting edge is attached to a cambered surface curve (55) on the side surface of the cambered surface electrode (53), and only grinding of the side surface of the working end of the cambered surface electrode (53) is undertaken;
the cambered surface cutting tool (10) comprises a plurality of cutting edges with the same geometric shape; the relationship between the large end diameter D5 of the cutting tool of the cambered surface cutting tool (10), the small end diameter D3 of the cutting tool, the number n2 of the cutting edges, the cutting edge helix angle omega and the electrode diameter D of the cambered surface electrode (53) to be cut and polished is as follows:
| electrode diameter D | Cutting tool large end diameter D5 | Diameter D3 of small end of cutting tool | Number of cutting edges n2 | Helix angle ω |
| 13mm | ≥35mm | ≥9mm | 8 to 14 | 0～3° |
| 16mm | ≥43mm | ≥11mm | 14 to 20 | 0～4° |
| 22mm | ≥52mm | ≥12mm | 18 to 25 | 0～5°。 |
When the truncated cone-shaped cutting tool (52) rotationally grinds the electrode to be cut and grinded, the revolving outline trajectory of the cutting edge is attached to the conical surface (57) of the side surface of the truncated cone-shaped electrode (54), and only grinding of the side surface of the working end of the truncated cone-shaped electrode (54) is undertaken;
the truncated cone-shaped cutting tool (52) comprises a plurality of cutting edges with the same geometric shape; the relationship between the diameter D5 of the large end of the cutting tool, the diameter D3 of the small end of the cutting tool, the number n3 of the cutting edges and the back inclination angle epsilon of the cutting edges of the truncated cone-shaped cutting tool (52) and the diameter D of the electrode (54) to be ground is as follows:
| electrode diameter D | Cutting tool large end diameter D5 | Diameter D3 of small end of cutting tool | Number of cutting edges n3 | Back inclination angle epsilon |
| 13mm | ≥35mm | ≥9mm | 8 to 14 | 10～13° |
| 16mm | ≥43mm | ≥11mm | 14 to 18 | 11～14° |
| 22mm | ≥52mm | ≥12mm | 18 to 23 | 12～15°。 |
The structural parameters of the first cutting tool (5), the cambered surface cutting tool (10) and the circular truncated cone-shaped cutting tool (52) are selected according to the material of the electrode spot welding to be polished:
when the first blade (5), the arc-surface blade (10) and the truncated cone-shaped blade (52) are used for electrode grinding of a spot-welded steel plate:
the geometrical parameters of the cutting edge comprise a front angle alpha, a back angle delta, an edge thickness f, an edge back width e and an edge thickness back angle theta, and the recommended values of the relation among the front angle alpha, the back angle delta, the edge thickness f, the edge back width e and the edge thickness back angle theta are as follows:
| front angle alpha | Back angle delta | Edge thickness f | Width behind edge e | Edge thickness |
| 3～8° | 8～12° | ≥0.2mm | ≥0.8 |
15～25°。 |
When the first cutting tool (5), the cambered surface cutting tool (10) and the circular truncated cone-shaped cutting tool (52) are used for grinding the electrode of the spot welding aluminum or the aluminum alloy:
the geometrical parameters of the cutting edge comprise a front angle alpha, a back angle delta, an edge thickness f, an edge back width e and an edge thickness back angle theta, and the recommended values of the relation among the front angle alpha, the back angle delta, the edge thickness f, the edge back width e and the edge thickness back angle theta are as follows:
| front angle alpha | Back angle delta | Edge thickness f | Width behind edge e | Edge thickness back angle theta |
| 2.5～5° | 8～12° | ≥0.3mm | ≥0.8 |
15～25°。 |
In the electrode cutting and grinding mechanism, two through holes (72) and (73) with sunk platforms on the inner side surfaces are respectively formed in the arm ends of the two swinging bodies (2) and are respectively used as mounting holes of a power transition gear bearing (17) and a power input gear bearing (23); shaft ends of the power transition gear (19) and the power input gear (24) are respectively and tightly assembled into inner rings of corresponding bearings (17) and (23), and the positions of the two groups of assemblies in holes at the arm ends of the two swinging bodies (2) are respectively limited axially by using snap springs (35) and (22);
in the electrode cutting and grinding mechanism, a taper hole (77) for radially positioning an electrode to be ground when the electrode to be ground is inserted is formed in the center of the outer side surface of the cover cap (11); the inner side surface of the cover cap (11) is provided with a mounting hole (78) of a sliding bearing (6) which is provided with a sunken platform and has the axis coaxial with the rotation axis of the combined cutting tool during rotation; when the cover cap (11) is embedded in a sinking platform of the swinging body (2), the large end of the sliding bearing (6) is embedded in a circular sinking platform of a cambered surface cutting tool (10) or a circular truncated cone-shaped cutting tool (52) at the overhanging end of the cutter shaft (9) of the combined cutting tool; the surface of the cover (11) is also provided with 3 bolt through holes (79) with sunk platforms, which are used as through holes of a second fixing bolt (15) when the cover (11) is fixedly connected with the revolution gear (14); the surface of the cover cap (11) is additionally provided with 3 through holes (40) which are used as air supply holes (40) for air supply airflow in the negative pressure chip suction process.
The utility model has the technical effects that:
1. in the utility model, the multi-edge combined cutting tool works in a revolution and autorotation mode, and carries out positioning displacement cutting and polishing on the surface to be repaired of the electrode under the condition of fixed displacement micro-cutting allowance, and the cutting force of the cutting tool to the electrode is established and is irrelevant to the electrode pressure; because the structure type of the cutting tool is different from the cutting and grinding principle, various negative attributes formed by the structure type of the cutting tool and the cutting principle in the prior art are fundamentally eliminated; the polished electrode working surface is a plane, and the phenomena that the polished electrode working surface in the known polishing technology necessarily has a spherical helix angle and the electrode and the surface of a workpiece are necessarily in point contact do not exist; besides, unnecessary grinding amount of the electrode during grinding each time can be effectively reduced, electrode consumption is reduced by more than 50%, and welding spot quality can be effectively improved and energy consumption of a spot welding process can be reduced due to a better fit state between the working surface of the electrode and the surface of a workpiece.
2. In the utility model, the revolution and autorotation working attributes of the multi-edge combined cutting tool determine that the cutting tool does not have adverse working conditions of reverse edge scraping inevitably existing in one side cutting edge in the prior art, adverse working conditions such as hard extrusion inevitably born by a local cutting edge passing through the rotation axis of the cutting tool and the like, and the phenomenon of extremely large impact load born by the outer edge of the cutting edge, and the multi-edge shares the micro-cutting load under the condition of positioning and moving a cutting electrode, so that the cutting stress of the cutting edge is reduced by orders of magnitude, and the service life of the cutting tool can be prolonged by more than 10 times.
3. In the utility model, due to the intervention of the coping angle adjusting mechanism, effective compensation can be implemented for the deflection of the working surface of the electrode caused by different flexural deformations of the welding tongs under the condition of different flexural deformations of the welding tongs mechanical arm in the spot welding process, the joint degree between the working surface of the electrode and the surface of a workpiece in the spot welding process is ensured, and the method is beneficial to further improving the quality of welding spots and reducing the energy consumption of the spot welding process.
4. According to the utility model, the electrode utilization rate is improved, the electrode replacement frequency can be reduced by more than 50%, and the process productivity can be effectively improved under the same process condition.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an automatic tip dresser according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of the automated electrode sharpening machine of FIG. 1;
3 FIG. 33 3 is 3 an 3 enlarged 3 sectional 3 view 3 taken 3 along 3 line 3 A 3- 3 A 3 of 3 FIG. 32 3; 3
FIG. 4 is an enlarged sectional view taken along line B-B of FIG. 2;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged sectional view taken along line C-C of FIG. 2;
FIG. 6 is an enlarged sectional view taken along line D-D of FIG. 2;
FIG. 7-1 is an axial cross-sectional view of a combined blade of the automatic electrode sharpening machine consisting of a first blade and a cambered surface blade;
FIG. 7-2 is a top view of FIG. 7-1;
figure 8-1 is an axial cross-sectional view of a combined blade of the first blade in combination with a truncated cone-shaped blade in an automatic electrode sharpening machine;
FIG. 8-2 is a top view of FIG. 8-1;
FIG. 9-1 is an axial cross-sectional view of a first of the composite blades;
FIG. 9-2 is a top view of FIG. 9-1;
FIG. 10-1 is an axial cross-sectional view of a cambered surface blade in the composite blade;
FIG. 10-2 is a top view of FIG. 10-1;
FIG. 11-1 is an axial cross-sectional view of a truncated cone shaped cutting tool of the combination cutting tool;
FIG. 11-2 is a top view of FIG. 11-1;
FIG. 12 is an enlarged view of the cutting edge I of each of the blades;
FIG. 13-1 is an external view of a cambered surface electrode;
FIG. 13-2 is an external view of a truncated cone-shaped electrode;
FIG. 14 is an external three-dimensional view of the swinging body;
fig. 15 is an external three-dimensional view of the revolution gear;
FIG. 16-1 is a front elevational three-dimensional view of the cover;
FIG. 16-2 is an inverted appearance three-dimensional view of the cover;
figure 17 is a schematic view of a holder for the electrode dresser of the present invention.
1-fixed gear ring, 2-oscillating body, 3-self-rotating bearing, 4-self-rotating gear, 5-first cutting tool, 6-sliding bearing,
7-jackscrew, 8-first fixing bolt, 9-cutter shaft, 10-cambered surface cutting tool, 11-cover cap, 12-scrap separating plate, 13-limiting plate,
14-revolution gear, 15-second fixed bolt, 16-negative pressure suction nozzle, 17-power transition gear bearing, 18-power transition gear shaft,
19-power transition gear, 20-swing angle adjusting knob, 21-rotary bearing, 22-snap spring, 23-power input gear bearing,
24-power input gear, 25-ball cage, 26-power input shaft, 27-connecting key, 28-mounting seat,
29-shaft sleeve, 30-revolution gear bearing, 31-fastening screw, 32-shell, 33-displacement transmission gear ring bearing,
34-a displacement transmission gear ring, 35-a retainer ring, 36-a displacement transition gear, 37-a power motor, 38-a reference sleeve,
39-swing angle scale, 40-air supplement hole, 41-positive and negative thread sleeve, 42-gear shaft, 43-plug, 44-retainer ring,
45-gear shaft bearing, 46-hinged limit pin, 47-hinged pin, 48-fixed bolt, 49-stepping motor and speed reducer thereof,
50-fixed pin, 51-first key, 52-truncated cone-shaped cutting tool, 53-arc electrode, 54-truncated cone-shaped electrode,
55-convex arc surface + linear surface (arc electrode working end side surface), 56-plane end of electrode working end surface,
57 round table shape electrode working end side face, 58-displacement gear bearing, 59-first round sinking table, 60-shell fixing bolt,
61-power motor fixing bolt, 62-displacement power input gear, 63-stepping motor fixing bolt,
64-displacement transition gear bearing, 65-flange, 66-second key, 67-rotating shaft, 68-inclined plane gasket, 69-bracket,
70-oscillating pin hole of oscillating body, 71-negative pressure suction nozzle insertion hole, 72-power transition gear bearing mounting hole,
73-a power input gear bearing mounting hole, 74-a fastening screw hole, 75-a revolution gear fixing bolt hole,
76-assembly holes of the rotation gear, 77-positioning taper holes of the electrode caps, 78-installation taper holes of the sliding bearings,
79-fixing bolt through holes, 80-second circular sinking platform, 81-threaded hole, 82-cutting edge and 83-third circular sinking platform.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention are further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, which are only illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.
The utility model discloses a symmetrical automatic electrode grinding device with controllable grinding displacement and adjustable grinding angle, which is characterized in that:
the automatic electrode coping device adopts a working mode of revolution and autorotation of a multi-edge combined cutting tool and the cutting tool to grind the electrode to be grinded in the electrode coping process; in the electrode cutting and polishing process, the cutting edge of the cutting tool does not bear the pressure of an electrode, and the adverse working conditions that the cutting edge on one side of the cutting tool inevitably bears the scraping of a counter blade and the hard extrusion and other adverse working conditions that the local cutting edge of the cutting edge penetrating through the rotary axis of the cutting tool inevitably bears are avoided; the fixed displacement cutting under the condition of micro-cutting amount is controlled by utilizing the stepping motor, the accurate control of the grinding amount of the electrode each time is realized, the unnecessary cutting in the electrode grinding process of the prior art is extremely compressed, the utilization rate of electrode materials can be improved by times, the cutting stress on the cutting edge of the cutting tool is sharply reduced, and the service life of the cutting tool can be prolonged by more than 10 times; the electrode welding clamp can compensate and correct deflection deformation of different welding clamp arms in the spot welding process and other influences affecting the contact state of the electrode working plane and the surface of a workpiece, and the fitting degree of the electrode working surface and the surface of the workpiece in the spot welding process is guaranteed. The working characteristics of the utility model jointly determine the characteristics of long service life of the cutting tool, high effective utilization rate of electrode materials, good feeding effect of the polished electrode surface in the spot welding process and the like, and the utility model can form positive effects in the aspects of reducing consumption of the cutting tool and the electrode materials, reducing electrode replacement times, reducing energy consumption of spot welding process, improving process productivity and welding spot quality and the like.
The utility model discloses a practical novel concept of an automatic coping device for a resistance spot welding electrode, which comprises the following steps:
1. by establishing an electrode grinding mode of revolution and rotation of the multi-edge combined cutting tool, the single-edge scraping grinding principle of the cutting tool in the electrode grinding process in the prior art is changed into a multi-edge cutting grinding principle, and various attributes which are unfavorable for grinding the cutting tool, the electrode grinding quality and the like in the prior art are eliminated.
2. The introduction of the mode of positioning, moving, cutting and grinding the working end face of the electrode under the condition of slight cutting amount enables the method of grinding the electrode without the help of electrode pressure to become possible, and creates conditions for further reducing cutting load and cutting stress of the cutting edge of the cutting tool, prolonging the service life of the cutting tool, reducing the cutting amount during electrode grinding and the like.
3. By introducing the electrode grinding angle adjusting mechanism, the deflection phenomenon of the working surface of the electrode caused by the deflection deformation of the welding tongs mechanical arm and other influencing factors can be compensated and corrected, namely necessary conditions are created for improving the feed efficiency of the working surface of the electrode, improving the quality of welding spots and reducing the energy consumption of a spot welding process.
In order to solve the technical problems, the symmetrical automatic electrode grinding device with controllable grinding displacement and adjustable grinding angle provided by the utility model comprises a closed shell consisting of a left shell and a right shell 32 which are in mirror image relationship, and functional mechanisms for electrode cutting grinding, cutting displacement control, grinding angle adjustment and the like for achieving the functional purposes of the utility model, wherein mechanical systems or all or a main body part in the functional mechanisms are arranged in the shell.
When the automatic electrode coping device works, all the functional mechanisms jointly or independently undertake the functional work related to the coping of the working end surfaces of the electrodes on the machine arms at the two sides of the welding tongs; the electrode cutting and grinding mechanism and the cutting displacement control mechanism are respectively fixedly arranged on the same side surface of the shell, and the limiting devices of the two sets of cutting displacement control mechanisms are respectively exposed out of the two side surfaces of the shell; the angle adjusting knob of the adjusting mechanism is respectively arranged on the same side surface of the shell.
As shown in fig. 1, the functional mechanism of the utility model comprises two sets of electrode cutting and grinding mechanisms with the same component parts and structures, which are respectively arranged in the shells at the two sides in a mirror image manner and respectively and independently undertake grinding work of the working end parts of the electrodes to be ground at the two sides; the two sets of electrode cutting and grinding mechanisms are provided with rotary power input by a power motor 37. The power motor 37 is fixedly arranged on the surface of the shell 32 on one side by 4 bolts together with the mounting seat 28; inserting the shaft end of the power input shaft 26 into the inner bore of its slew bearing 21 fixedly mounted on the housing; in the shaft hole of the power motor 37 mounting seat 28, the shaft of the power motor 37 is connected with the power input shaft 26 of the mechanism through a shaft sleeve 29 and a key 27; two ends of the power input shaft 26 are respectively provided with a group of ball cage 25 and power input ball cage gear 24 assemblies, and two ends of the power input shaft are respectively axially limited by two clamp springs 22; the power input ball cage gear 24 transmits the rotary power input by the power motor 37 to the two revolution gears 14 respectively arranged at the two sides in the shell through the transition gear 19 meshed with the power input ball cage gear, and the two revolution gears 14 transmit the rotary power to two sets of same electrode cutting and grinding mechanisms respectively.
The inner ring of the revolution gear bearing 30 is tightly fitted into the shaft end of the revolution gear 14 at the ring table position; the rotation bearing 3 of the rotation gear 4 is tightly assembled in a circular sinking platform which is arranged outside the axis on the outer disk surface of the revolution gear 14, and the shaft end of the rotation gear 4 in the assembled combined cutting tool is tightly assembled in the inner hole of the rotation bearing 3. The chip separation plate 12 is embedded in a sinking platform on the outer side end face of the fixed gear ring 1, the outer circle of the fixed gear ring 1 is tightly fitted into the inner hole of the swinging body 2, and then the outer ring of the revolution gear bearing 30 is tightly fitted into the annular sinking groove of the fixed gear ring 1. The positional relationship among the oscillating body, the fixed ring gear, and the revolving gear bearing is fixed by the fastening screw 31.
After a sliding bearing 6 is tightly fitted in the position of the inner side surface sunken table of the cover 11, the cover 11 is fitted in the outer side surface sunken table of the swinging body 2 in a clearance fit manner, simultaneously, the shaft end of the combined cutting tool is inserted into the inner hole of the sliding bearing 6, and then the position between the cover 11 and the cutter shaft 9 is fixed by a fixing bolt 8. The 3 fixing bolts 15 pass through the corresponding 3 bolt holes on the cover 11 and then pass through the 3 corresponding through holes on the chip separation plate 12, so that the cover 11 is fixedly connected with the revolution gear 14.
The two sets of assembly units which are assembled and combined with the parts of the electrode cutting and grinding mechanism are respectively arranged from two sides of the shell 32, and the assembly units are respectively hinged with the shell 32 at two sides through two hinge pins 46 arranged at two sides of the shell 32. At this point, the assembly and combination of the electrode cutting and sharpening mechanism in the housing 32 are completed. The chamber between the chip separating plate 12 and the lower surface of the cover 11 and the oscillating body 2 is an electrode cutting and grinding chamber, and is also a negative pressure chip suction chamber in the electrode grinding process.
The structure of the combined cutting tool is shown in figures 7-1, 7-2, 8-1 and 8-2, and the specific structure is as follows:
the combined cutting tool comprises a cutter shaft 9, and a rotation gear 4 is assembled at the shaft end of the cutter shaft 9; one end of the cutter shaft 9 is provided with a flange 65, and the inner side surface of the flange 65 is used as a positioning base surface when the rotation gear 4 is assembled with the rotation gear; the other end of the cutter shaft 9 is provided with a threaded hole 81, and the threaded hole 81 is used as a bolt assembling hole when the cutter shaft 9 is axially constrained.
As shown in the figure, the shaft end of the cutter shaft 9 is inserted from the side of the central through hole of the circular sinking platform 6 at the shaft end of the rotation gear 4, and the flange 65 on the cutter shaft 9 is embedded into the circular sinking platform 59; a circular sinking platform 83 is also arranged on the other side disc surface of the rotation gear 4, and a first cutting tool 5 is fixedly arranged in the circular sinking platform by two fixing pins 50 to form a combined piece; the first cutting tool 5 is a thin-wall disc with a circular sinking platform 80 on one side surface, and a radioactive cutting edge 82 of the first cutting tool is arranged on a convex ring surface at the outer side of the circular sinking platform; a second cutting tool 10 or 52 is coaxially embedded in the circular sinking platform of the first cutting tool 5, and the radial constraint fixation between the self-rotating gear 4 and the second cutting tool 10 or 52 and the cutter shaft 9 is realized by using a first key 51.
As shown in fig. 9-1 and 9-2, the first blade 5 has an external shape of a thin-walled disk; a circular sinking platform 80 is arranged on the disk surface at one side of the circular sinking platform in a central symmetry way, and a plurality of same radial cutting edges 82 are uniformly distributed on the convex ring surface at the outer side of the circular sinking platform 80 corresponding to the circle center; the first cutting tool 5 corresponds to an annular face mill; when the first cutting tool 5 rotates to grind the electrode, the rotary plane of the cutting edge 82 is always attached to the electrode working end plane part 56 (shown in figures 7-1 and 7-2) of the electrode working end to be cut and ground, and only the grinding of the electrode working end plane part 56 is carried out.
In the utility model, the geometric shape of the cutting edge of the first cutting tool 5 can be described by parameters of a front angle alpha, a blade thickness f, a blade thickness back angle theta, a blade back width e and the like of the cutting edge of the cutting tool together; wherein, the larger the front angle alpha is, the sharper the cutting edge is, but the load bearing capacity is correspondingly reduced; the blade thickness f, the back angle theta and the back edge width e represent the supporting capacity of the blade back part of the blade to the blade, and the blade thickness and the back edge width e are larger and the back angle theta is smaller, so that the supporting capacity of the blade back part of the blade to the blade is reflected to be stronger. The meaning of the parameters is the same as that of each parameter in the milling cutter standard; the relationship between the parameters of the first cutting edge, such as the rake angle alpha, the edge thickness f, the edge thickness back angle theta, the edge back width e, and the like, and the disc diameter D1 and the number of cutting edges n1 of the first cutting tool 5 preferably conforms to the recommended values in table 1.
Table 1: relationship between parameters of first cutting tool cutting edge geometry
| Spot welding material | Front angle alpha | Edge thickness f | Edge thickness back angle theta | Width behind edge e | Disc diameter D1 | Number of cutting edges |
| Steel plate | ||||||
| 3～8° | f≥0.2 |
15～25° | ≥0.8mm | ≥30 | ≥32 | |
| Aluminum plates | 2.5～5° | f≥0.3 |
15～25° | ≥0.8mm | ≥35 | ≥34 |
As shown in fig. 9-1 and 9-2, D2 is the inner diameter of the cutting edge circle of the first cutting tool 5, i.e. the diameter of the circular sinking platform 80, and D1 is the outer diameter of the cutting edge circle; the difference value of D1-D2 is the ring width of the cutting edge ring surface, namely the cutting edge width; when the combined cutting tool is assembled, the diameter of the large end of the second cutting tool 10 or 52 is embedded in the sinking platform 80 of the first cutting tool 5, and the value range of the circular inner diameter D2 of the first cutting tool 5 can be selected according to the diameter D5+0.10 mm of the large end of the second cutting tool 10 or 52; in order to ensure the strength of the cutting edge base part of the cutting tool, the total thickness h of the first cutting tool 5 is selected to be not less than 3 mm. From the viewpoint of facilitating chip removal, the cutting edges of the disc-shaped first cutting tool 5 are all provided with a back inclination angle epsilon, and the angle of the back inclination angle epsilon is preferably between 10 and 15 degrees.
In the present invention, since the working end face of the electrode to be machined may be the arc-shaped electrode 53 or the truncated cone-shaped electrode 54, that is, the trajectory of the side face of the working end of the electrode may be the arc-shaped curve (convex arc face + linear face) at 55 or the truncated cone-shaped taper at 57, the second cutting tool suitable for the electrode 53 shown in fig. 13-1 is the arc-shaped cutting tool 10 shown in fig. 10-1 and 10-2, and the second cutting tool suitable for the electrode 54 shown in fig. 13-2 is the truncated cone-shaped cutting tool 52 shown in fig. 11-1 and 11-2.
If the second cutting tool is the cambered surface cutting tool 10, the combination of a cambered line segment and a straight line segment is formed when the second cutting tool is cut along the axis, wherein the track line of the outline of the cutting edge is concave; the radius of an arc line segment in the outline trajectory of the arc cutting tool 10 is equal to the radius r of the arc surface of the convex arc surface outside the working end side surface of the arc electrode 53 to be cut and polished, and the linear surface of the arc cutting tool is designed according to an abduction tangent line when the central angle corresponding to the arc curve is 50 degrees +/-10 degrees.
The contour trajectory of the cambered cutting tool 10 is matched with a cambered curve 55 of the side surface of the working end of the cambered electrode 53 to be cut and polished, and only the polishing at the position of the cambered curve 55 (an outer convex cambered surface and a linear surface) of the side surface of the working end of the electrode shown in figure 13-1 is undertaken.
The cambered surface cutting tool 10 comprises a plurality of cutting edges with the same geometric shape, and the structural dimensions of the cambered surface cutting tool comprise a large end diameter D5 of the cutting tool, a small end diameter D3 of the cutting tool and the number n2 of the cutting edges. Because the geometric dimension of the cutting edge of the cambered surface cutting tool 10 is smaller and the cutting edge is in a multi-edge composite curved surface structure type, the spiral angle omega of the cutting edge of the cambered surface cutting tool 10 can be limited within the range of less than or equal to 5 degrees from the viewpoint of facilitating the manufacturing of the cutting tool; the structural dimensions, the number of cutting edges, and the relationship between the cutting edge helix angle ω and the electrode diameter D to be ground are preferably in accordance with the recommended values in table 2.
Table 2: relationship between the structural size of the cambered surface second cutting tool 10, the number of cutting edges and the helix angle
| Electrode diameter D | Cutting tool large end diameter D5 | Diameter D3 of small end of cutting tool | Number of cutting edges n2 | Helix angle ω |
| 13mm | ≥35mm | ≥ |
8 to 14 | 0～3° |
| 16mm | ≥43mm | ≥ |
14 to 20 | 0～4° |
| 22mm | ≥52mm | ≥ |
18 to 25 | 0～5° |
If the second cutting tool is the truncated cone-shaped cutting tool 52, the taper angle of the truncated cone-shaped cutting tool 52 is matched with the taper angle of the side surface of the working end of the truncated cone-shaped electrode 54 to be cut and ground, and only the grinding at the position of the tapered surface 57 of the side surface of the working end of the truncated cone-shaped electrode is carried out as shown in the figure 13-2.
As shown in fig. 11-1 and 11-2, the truncated cone-shaped cutting tool 52 comprises a plurality of cutting edges with the same geometric shape; the structural size of the truncated cone-shaped cutting tool 52 comprises a large end diameter D5 of the cutting tool, a small end diameter D3 of the cutting tool and the number n3 of cutting edges; the relationship between the structural size, the number of the cutting edges, the back inclination angle epsilon of the cutting edges and the diameter D of the electrode to be cut and polished of the truncated cone-shaped cutting tool 52 preferably conforms to the recommended values in the table 3.
Table 3: the relationship between the structural size of the second cutting tool 52 in the shape of a truncated cone, the number of cutting edges and the back rake angle
| Electrode diameter D | Cutting tool large end diameter D5 | Diameter D3 of small end of cutting tool | Number of cutting edges n3 | Back inclination angle epsilon |
| 13mm | ≥35mm | ≥ |
8 to 14 | 10～13° |
| 16mm | ≥43mm | ≥ |
14 to 18 | 11～14° |
| 22mm | ≥52mm | ≥ |
18 to 23 | 12～15° |
The recommended values of the structural parameters of the first cutting tool 5, the cambered surface cutting tool 10 and the circular truncated cone-shaped cutting tool 52 when used for spot welding different materials are as follows:
when the first cutting tool 5, the arc-surface cutting tool 10 and the circular truncated cone-shaped cutting tool 52 are used for electrode grinding of a spot-welded steel plate, the geometric parameters of the cutting edges all include a front angle α, a back angle δ, an edge thickness f, an edge back width e and an edge thickness back angle θ, and recommended values of the relationship among the front angle α, the back angle δ, the edge thickness f, the edge back width e and the edge thickness back angle θ are as follows:
table 4: structural parameters of the first cutting tool 5, the cambered surface cutting tool 10 and the truncated cone-shaped cutting tool 52
| Front angle alpha | Back angle delta | Edge thickness f | Width behind edge e | Edge thickness back |
| 3～8° | 8～12° | ≥0.2mm | ≥0.8 |
15～25° |
When the first cutting tool 5, the cambered surface cutting tool 10 and the circular truncated cone-shaped cutting tool 52 are used for electrode grinding of spot welding aluminum or aluminum alloy, the geometric parameters of the cutting edges comprise a front angle alpha, a back angle delta, a blade thickness f, a blade back width e and a blade thickness back angle theta, and the recommended values of the relation among the front angle alpha, the back angle delta, the blade thickness f, the blade back width e and the blade thickness back angle theta are as follows:
table 5: structural parameters of the first cutting tool 5, the cambered surface cutting tool 10 and the truncated cone-shaped cutting tool 52
| Front angle alpha | Back angle delta | Edge thickness f | Width behind edge e | Edge thickness back angle theta |
| 2.5～5° | 8～12° | ≥0.3mm | ≥0.8 |
15～25° |
As shown in the figures 9-1, 10-1 and 11-1, the diameters of the shaft holes of the first cutting tool 5, the second cutting tool 10 or 52 are all represented by D4, are all the same as the diameters of the shaft holes on the rotation gear 4, and form a clearance fit relation with the outer diameter of the cutter shaft 9, and the fit clearance of the shaft holes is selected according to (0.01-0.02 mm). L is the axial total length of the arc cutting tool 5 or the truncated cone-shaped cutting tool 52, and the value range of L is selected according to the radius (the radius is D/2 in figure 13-1 or 13-2) minus (0.5-1 mm) of the working end of the arc electrode 53 to be polished.
R is the arc radius of the arc part in the arc cutting tool 10, and the value of R is equal to the arc radius R of the arc part 55 on the working end side surface of the arc electrode 53 to be polished.
In the utility model, no matter the disc-shaped cutting tool of the first cutting tool 5 or the cambered surface cutting tool 10 or the circular truncated cone-shaped cutting tool 52 of the second cutting tool is a multi-cutting-edge cutting tool, compared with the integrated single-cutting-edge cutting tool which is frequently recommended to be used in the automatic electrode coping device in the prior art, the multi-cutting-edge cutting tool of the utility model can be used after the first cutting tool 5 and the second cutting tool 10 or 52 are combined according to the relation of figure 7-1 or figure 7-2, and can obtain the expected coping effect on the working end face of the electrode when the combined cutting tool grinds the surface of the electrode to be repaired in a revolution and rotation mode.
The multi-edge cutting tool is compared with the cutting tool which is frequently recommended to be used in the prior art and only has one cutting edge; the number of the cutting edges of the multi-edge cutting tool is in direct proportion to the diameter of the disc and in inverse proportion to the tooth pitch of the cutting edges of the first cutting tool 5; for the circular arc-shaped cutting tool 5 or the circular truncated cone-shaped cutting tool 52, when the coping object is a universal phi 16 electrode, the minimum cutting edge number is 14. The geometrical characteristics of the cutting edge of the second cutting tool 10 or 52 are all complex curved surfaces, namely the complex curved surfaces of the cutting edge of the cutting tool, which means that the geometrical shape of the detailed part of the cutting edge of the cutting tool needs to be described by multiple sizes and multiple angles listed in tables 2-5. A disc-shaped cutting tool serving as a first cutting tool 5 only undertakes cutting and grinding of the plane part of the electrode working end 12 in the electrode grinding process; the arc-shaped blade 10 or the truncated cone-shaped blade 52 as the second blade is subjected to the cutting and grinding only at the position of the reference number 15 or 16 on the side surface of the working end of the electrode in the electrode grinding process, and the radius of the ground arc, the cone angle and the like are determined by the geometric shape and the parameter size of the side surface of the working end of the electrode to be ground 13 or 14.
After the multi-edge type cutting tool is combined into a combined cutting tool according to the figure 7-1 or 7-2, the following advantages can be created for the automatic electrode coping device: firstly, the cutting load borne by a single cutting edge in the prior art is shared by multiple cutting edges, so that the service life of the cutting tool is prolonged; and secondly, because the cutting load of the cutting edge of the cutting tool in the electrode cutting and grinding process is greatly reduced, the cutting edge of the cutting tool can be made sharper, necessary conditions are created for grinding the electrode under the condition of slight cutting allowance of the cutting edge of the cutting tool, the cutting stress of the cutting edge of the cutting tool is further reduced, and the service life of the cutting tool is prolonged.
As shown in fig. 14, the arm ends of the two oscillating bodies 2 are respectively provided with two through holes 72 and 73 with sunk platforms on the inner side surfaces, which are respectively used as mounting holes of the power transition gear bearing 17 and the power input gear bearing 23 on the two sides, the shaft ends of the power transition gear 19 and the power input gear 24 are respectively tightly fitted into inner rings of the corresponding bearings 17 and 23, and the positions of the two groups of the above combinations in the holes of the arm ends of the two oscillating bodies 2 are respectively limited axially by the snap springs 35 and 22.
As shown in fig. 16-1 and 16-2, the cap 11 is provided with a tapered hole 77 at the center for radially positioning the electrode to be ground when the electrode is inserted; the inner side surface of the taper hole 77 is provided with a sliding bearing 6 mounting hole 78 which is provided with a sunken platform and has the axis coaxial with the rotation axis of the combined cutting tool during rotation; when the cover 11 is embedded in the sinking platform of the swinging body 2, the large end of the sliding bearing 6 is embedded in the circular sinking platform of the second cutting tool 10 or 52, and the sliding bearing serves as a rotary bearing at the other end of the combined cutting tool and also serves as axial restraint at the side of the combined cutting tool; the cover 11 surface also opens 3 with sunken bolt through hole 79, as the through hole of the fixed bolt 15 when the cover 11 is fixedly connected with revolution gear 14; the surface of the cover 11 is additionally provided with 3 through holes 40 which are used as passages for air supply flow in the negative pressure chip suction process.
As shown in fig. 1-5, the present invention also includes two identical cutting displacement control mechanisms powered by a stepper motor 49. The assembly of the stepping motor and the speed reducer 49 thereof is fixedly installed on the surface of the shell 32 on the same side as the power motor 37 by using 4 fixing bolts 63. The speed reducer 49 of the stepping motor is connected with the displacement power input gear 62 in the shell 32 through a second key 66, and then transmits the rotary power input by the stepping motor 49 to the displacement transmission gear ring 34 through the displacement transition gear 36; two sides of the displacement transmission gear ring 34 are respectively provided with a gear shaft 42 meshed with the displacement transmission gear ring in a mirror image manner; the shafts on the two sides of the two gear shafts 42 are respectively provided with positive and negative threads, and each threaded shaft is provided with a positive and negative thread sleeve 41 with the same thread screwing direction as the thread screwing direction of the screwed shaft; a set of limiting mechanism is respectively arranged on the two thread sleeves 41 on the same side. Each set of limiting mechanism comprises two reference sleeves 38, a limiting plate 13 and two jackscrews 7; the hinge pins 47 hinged at the two side shaft ends of the limit plate 13 are respectively inserted into the corresponding shaft holes of one reference sleeve 38 in a hinged manner, then the inner holes of the two reference sleeves 38 in the combination are sleeved on the upper parts of the two threaded sleeves 41, the bottom surfaces of the reference sleeves 38 are tightly attached to the upper surfaces of the threaded sleeves 41, and then the relative position between each reference sleeve 38 and the corresponding threaded sleeve 41 is locked by the jackscrew 7. A plug 43 is mounted on the housing 32 alongside the threaded sleeve 41, in order to close off the hole left by the drilled hinge pin 46.
As shown in fig. 6, the present invention further includes two sets of the same grinding angle adjusting mechanisms, which respectively undertake the grinding angle adjustment work of the two sets of electrode cutting grinding mechanisms respectively disposed in the closed housing 32. The bending deformation of the machine arm of the specific welding tongs of each point welding station is a fixed value in the spot welding process, and the grinding angle is adjusted at one time, so the grinding angle adjusting mechanism adopts a manual adjusting mode. The grinding angle adjusting mechanism is two sets of same mechanisms, except that the swing angle adjusting knob 20 is exposed out of the surface of the shell 32 and arranged on the same side surface of the shell 32 in a mirror image manner, and other components of the mechanism are arranged in the shell; the two swing angle adjusting knobs 20 respectively undertake the grinding angular displacement adjusting work of the two sets of electrode cutting grinding mechanisms. Each set of sharpening adjustment mechanisms within the housing 32 includes a spindle 67 and a bevel shim 68.
The sharpening device also comprises a set of negative pressure chip suction system; the negative pressure chip suction system comprises a negative pressure generator which is not shown in the drawing, a negative pressure pipeline and two negative pressure suction nozzles 16 which are respectively arranged at two sides of the shell 32; wherein, the negative pressure generator is fixedly arranged on the equipment bracket 69 and is connected with the negative pressure suction nozzle 16 through a flexible pipeline; the two negative pressure suction nozzles 16 are respectively fixed at the positions of the negative pressure suction ports 71 on the surfaces of the oscillating bodies 2 on the two sides, and the inner holes of the two negative pressure suction nozzles are communicated with a cavity formed by closing the scrap separating plate 12, the oscillating bodies 2, the lower surface of the cover cap 11 and the like; the cuttings sucked out instantly by negative pressure pass through the negative pressure suction nozzle 16, the negative pressure pipeline and the negative pressure generator and then are led into a cuttings collecting bag appointed by a user through a guide pipe at the rear end of the negative pressure generator.
As shown in fig. 17, the tip dresser of the present invention further includes an equipment mounting bracket 69, and since the posture and the spatial position of the electrode tip dresser during electrode dressing are different during production and need to be designed according to field requirements, only one bracket 69 is schematically depicted in the drawing of the present invention.
The adjusting and electrode coping process of the electrode coping device comprises the following steps:
the electrode coping angle adjusting process of the electrode coping device comprises the following steps:
after the automatic electrode coping device is installed in a production field, only the welding tongs corresponding to the coping device during debugging are served; because the deflection deformation of the same welding tongs mechanical arm in the spot welding process is a constant, the electrode grinding angle adjustment of the utility model is all one-time adjustment, and therefore, a manual adjustment mode is adopted. After the total amount of various deflection quantities which can be generated on the working surface of the electrode is calculated, the swing angle adjusting knobs 20 which are arranged on the surfaces of the two sides of the shell and used for grinding angles are adjusted according to the calculation result, so that the arrow indication of the swing angle adjusting knobs 20 and the swing angle scale 39 etched on the surface of the shell 32 are in accordance with the calculation value, and then the process of adjusting the grinding angles of the electrode of the special welding tongs by the electrode grinding device is completed. The bevel pad 68 is essentially a cylindrical cam, i.e., the cylindrical surface is a curved surface with a helix angle; when the rotating shaft 67 rotates to adjust the grinding angle, the inclined plane gasket 68 rotates synchronously with the rotating shaft 67, and the fixed gear ring generates certain axial displacement at the matched part according to different rotation angles, even if the whole swinging body generates a corresponding swing angle.
The electrode coping process or working process of the electrode coping device comprises the following steps:
when the electrode to be sharpened slowly reaches the sharpening position along with the welding tongs, the axial direction of the electrode to be sharpened is limited by the contact of the lower end surface of the electrode holding rod and the surface of a positioning groove formed in the upper surface of a positioning and cutting mechanism limiting plate 13, and the radial direction of the electrode to be sharpened is accurately positioned by the contact of an electrode insertion taper hole 77 on a cover 11 and the side surface 55 or 57 of the electrode to be sharpened; in the process of contacting the lower end surface of the electrode holding rod with the surface of the positioning groove on the upper surface of the limiting plate 13, because the two sides of the limiting plate 13 are hinged in the inner hole of the reference sleeve 38 through the suspension shaft systems, the limiting plate 13 can automatically swing and adjust along with the force application state of the lower end surface of the electrode holding rod facing the surface of the positioning groove, and the surface of the positioning groove and the lower end surface of the electrode holding rod are kept in the optimal contact state at any time.
After a robot sends a working instruction in place, a power motor 37 of the electrode cutting and grinding mechanism is started, and the rotary power of the power motor 37 is transmitted to a transition gear 19 and a revolution gear 14 in sequence after passing through a power input shaft 26 and a power input gear 24 in the mechanism; when the revolution gear 14 rotates, the combined cutting tool mounted on the revolution gear revolves along with the revolution gear 14, and at the same time, due to the meshing relationship between the rotation gear 4 and the fixed gear ring 1 in the combined cutting tool, the rotation gear 4 rotates by taking the rotation axis of the cutter shaft 9 as an axis according to the gear ratio between the rotation gear 4 and the fixed gear ring 1, namely, the combined cutting tool rotates at a higher rotation speed while keeping the revolution in the working process, thereby forming the working characteristics of revolution and rotation of the combined cutting tool of the automatic electrode grinding device of the utility model.
The closed chamber formed by the oscillating body 2, the lower surface of the cover 11 and the chip separating plate 12 is an electrode cutting and grinding chamber, so that all chips after cutting and grinding can be sucked out of the grinder body only from the only negative pressure channel, namely the negative pressure suction nozzle 16.
According to the control instruction of the robot, the stepping motor 49 starts to work while the power motor 37 is started; the rotational power of the stepping motor 49 is directly connected to the power output shaft of the speed reducer through the power output shaft, and the rotational power input by the stepping motor 49 is transmitted to the displacement power input gear 62, the displacement transition gear 36 and the displacement transmission gear ring 34 in the mechanism. The displacement transmission ring gear 34 synchronously transmits the rotational power to two gear shafts 42 which are arranged on both sides thereof in a mirror image and engaged therewith; because the shaft ends on both sides of the gear shaft 42 are respectively provided with positive and negative threads and the shaft ends with the same thread turning direction are arranged on the same side of the shell 32, during the rotation process of the two gear shafts 42, two pairs of thread sleeves 41 which are mutually the positive and negative threads and are arranged on the two thread shafts can only do linear motion along the axes of the two thread shafts due to the matching relationship of the positive and negative threads with the thread shafts, and drive the two side limiting mechanisms fixedly connected with the thread sleeves 41 to synchronously move towards the inner side of the sharpening device in opposite directions, meanwhile, the electrodes to be sharpened on both sides are also driven to synchronously move towards the inner side of the sharpening device in opposite directions, and the axial feeding speed of the electrodes to be sharpened, namely the cutting speed in the electrode sharpening process, is determined by the rotating speed of the stepping motor 49.
When the cutting and grinding displacement reaches a preset value in the stepping motor 49, the stepping motor 49 immediately stops working and waits for the next electrode grinding instruction in situ. After the electrode cap after being sharpened exits from the sharpening device from the two sides of the shell according to the instruction sent by the robot, the machine arms on the two sides of the welding tongs carry the electrode cap which is sharpened, the power motor 37 of the electrode cutting and sharpening mechanism also stops working, and waits for the next electrode sharpening instruction. At this time, the electrode cutting and grinding mechanism and the positioning and moving cutting mechanism cooperate to complete a complete electrode grinding and grinding cycle process.
The automatic electrode grinding device also comprises a set of negative-pressure chip suction system which is used for sucking chips generated in the electrode grinding process out of the grinding device body in real time. When the electromagnetic valve started by the negative pressure generator and the power motor 37 of the electrode cutting and grinding mechanism work, the electromagnetic valve and the power motor are controlled by the same control instruction of the robot, namely, the electromagnetic valve and the power motor start simultaneously and stop simultaneously.
The automatic sharpening machine for the electrode of the present invention further comprises an equipment mounting bracket 69. Since the operation height and the posture of the welding tongs during grinding are different from each other in the production field, only one of the electrode grinding device mounting brackets 69 is schematically drawn in the drawing of the utility model.
In conclusion, the utility model realizes the grinding of the end face of the electrode to be repaired by using an electrode grinding mode without the aid of electrode pressure and revolution and rotation of a multi-edge combined cutting tool, and overcomes various negative attribute problems caused by the structural type of the cutting tool and the cutting principle of the cutting tool in the prior art; through the positioning and moving cutting mechanism, conditions are created for positioning, moving, cutting and polishing the electrode of the multi-edge combined cutting tool under the condition of slight cutting allowance, so that the cutting stress of the cutting tool is steeply reduced, and unnecessary cutting allowance in the prior art is extremely reduced; by grinding the angle adjusting mechanism, the deflection of the electrode working plane caused by deflection deformation of the machine arm and the like in the spot welding process can be effectively corrected. The technical measures are implemented together, so that the cutting load of the cutting edge of the cutting tool is reduced sharply, and the service life of the cutting tool can be prolonged by more than 10 times; under the same working condition, the utilization rate of the electrode material can be improved by more than 50 percent due to unnecessary cutting amount reduction; the contact state of the electrode working plane and the surface of the workpiece is guaranteed in the spot welding process, and good guarantee conditions are provided for improving the electrode feed efficiency, reducing the energy consumption of the spot welding process, guaranteeing the quality of welding spots and the like.
While the present invention has been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, which are illustrative only and not restrictive, and various modifications which do not depart from the spirit of the present invention and which are intended to be covered by the claims of the present invention may be made by those skilled in the art.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides an automatic coping ware of symmetrical formula electrode that coping displacement is controllable, coping angle adjustable which characterized in that: comprises a closed shell consisting of a left shell (32) and a right shell (32) with mirror image structures, wherein the mechanical part or all or the main body part of each functional mechanism of the equipment is arranged in the closed shell; the functional mechanism of the equipment comprises an electrode cutting and grinding mechanism, a cutting displacement control mechanism and an electrode grinding angle adjusting mechanism;
the electrode cutting and grinding mechanisms are two sets and respectively and independently undertake grinding work of the working end parts of the electrodes to be ground at two sides, and a set of combined cutting tool is arranged in each set of electrode cutting and grinding mechanism;
the two sets of electrode cutting and grinding mechanisms are provided with rotary power input by a power motor (37) fixedly arranged on the surface of the shell (32) on one side; in a shaft hole for installing the power motor (37), a shaft of the power motor (37) is connected with a power input shaft (26) of the mechanism through a shaft sleeve (29) and a connecting key (27); two ends of the power input shaft (26) are respectively provided with a group of ball cage (25) and power input gear (24) assemblies, and two ends of the power input shaft are respectively axially limited by two clamp springs (22); the power input gear (24) transmits the rotary power input by the power motor (37) to the two revolution gears (14) respectively arranged at the two sides in the shell through the power transition gear (19) meshed with the power input gear, and the two revolution gears (14) transmit the rotary power to two sets of same electrode cutting and grinding mechanisms respectively;
an inner ring of the revolution gear bearing (30) is tightly matched and arranged at the position of a ring table corresponding to the revolution gear (14); an autorotation gear assembly hole (76) is formed in the outer side of the axis on the outer disk surface of the revolution gear (14), an autorotation bearing (3) of the autorotation gear (4) is tightly assembled in the autorotation gear assembly hole (76), and the shaft end of the autorotation gear (4) is tightly assembled in an inner hole of the autorotation bearing (3) in a fitting manner;
a scrap separating plate (12) is embedded in a sinking platform on the end face of the outer side of the fixed gear ring (1), the outer circle of the fixed gear ring (1) is tightly assembled in an inner hole of the oscillating body (2), and the outer ring of the revolution gear bearing (30) is tightly assembled in a sinking groove of the fixed gear ring (1); the position relation among the swinging body, the fixed gear ring (1) and the revolution gear bearing (30) is fixed by a fastening screw (31);
a sliding bearing (6) is tightly assembled in a position of a sunken table on the inner side surface of a cover cap (11), the cover cap (11) is assembled in a sunken table on the outer side surface of a swinging body (2) in a clearance fit manner, the large end of the sliding bearing (6) is embedded into a sunken table on the outer side of a cambered surface cutting tool (10) or a truncated cone-shaped cutting tool (52), and a first fixing bolt (8) is used for fixing the position between the cover cap (11) and a cutter shaft (9); and a second fixing bolt (15) passes through the cover cap (11) and the scrap separating plate (12) and then fixedly connects the cover cap (11) and the revolution gear (14).
2. The symmetrical automatic electrode grinding device with controllable grinding displacement and adjustable grinding angle according to claim 1, which is characterized in that:
the cutting displacement control mechanism takes two sets of limiting mechanisms respectively arranged at two sides of the shell 32 as marks and is powered by a stepping motor and a speed reducer (49) thereof;
the output shaft of the stepping motor and the speed reducer (49) thereof is connected with the displacement power input gear (62) in the shell (32) through a second key (66), and the rotary power input by the stepping motor and the speed reducer (49) thereof is transmitted to the displacement transmission gear ring (34) through the displacement transition gear (36); two sides of the displacement transmission gear ring (34) are provided with a gear shaft (42) meshed with the displacement transmission gear ring in a mirror image mode respectively; the shafts on the two sides of the two gear shafts (42) are respectively provided with positive and negative threads, and each threaded shaft is respectively screwed with a positive and negative thread sleeve (41) with the same thread screwing direction as the thread screwing direction of the screwed shaft; a set of cutting displacement control mechanism is respectively arranged on the two thread sleeves (41) on the same side;
the cutting displacement control mechanism comprises two reference sleeves (38), a limiting plate (13) and two jackscrews (7); the other ends of hinge pins (47) hinged at two sides of the limit plate (13) are respectively inserted into corresponding shaft holes on one reference sleeve (38) in a hinged mode, inner holes of the two reference sleeves (38) in the combination are sleeved on the upper portions of the two threaded sleeves (41), the bottom surfaces of the reference sleeves (38) are tightly attached to the upper surfaces of the threaded sleeves (41), and then the relative positions of the reference sleeves (38) and the corresponding threaded sleeves (41) are locked through jackscrews (7).
3. The symmetrical automatic electrode grinding device with controllable grinding displacement and adjustable grinding angle according to claim 1, which is characterized in that:
the two sets of electrode grinding angle adjusting mechanisms are respectively used for adjusting the grinding angle of the two sets of electrode cutting grinding mechanisms which are respectively arranged in the closed shell (32);
the electrode grinding angle adjusting mechanism comprises a swing angle adjusting knob (20), a rotating shaft (67) and a bevel gasket (68), wherein the swing angle adjusting knob (20) is exposed out of the surface of the shell (32) and is arranged on the outer surface of the shell (32) on the same side in a mirror image mode, and the rotating shaft (67) and the bevel gasket (68) are arranged in the shell (32); the two swing angle adjusting knobs (20) respectively undertake the grinding angular displacement adjusting work of the two sets of electrode cutting grinding mechanisms.
4. The symmetrical automatic electrode grinding device with controllable grinding displacement and adjustable grinding angle according to claim 1, 2 or 3, which is characterized in that: the negative pressure chip suction system is used for sucking chips generated in the electrode grinding process out of the grinding device body in real time by utilizing a negative pressure principle;
the negative pressure chip suction system comprises a negative pressure generator, a negative pressure pipeline and two negative pressure suction nozzles (16) which are respectively arranged at two sides of the shell (32); the negative pressure generator is connected with the negative pressure suction nozzle (16) through a flexible pipeline;
two negative pressure suction nozzles (16) are respectively and fixedly arranged at the negative pressure suction port positions on the surfaces of the swinging bodies (2) at two sides, and inner holes of the negative pressure suction nozzles are communicated with a chamber which is formed by closing a scrap separating plate (12), the inner wall of the fixed gear ring (1), the swinging bodies (2) and the lower surface of the cover cap (11); the cuttings sucked out instantly by negative pressure pass through the negative pressure suction nozzle (16), the negative pressure pipeline and the negative pressure generator and then are led into a cuttings collecting bag appointed by a user through a guide pipe at the rear end of the negative pressure generator.
5. The symmetrical automatic electrode grinding device with controllable grinding displacement and adjustable grinding angle according to claim 1, 2 or 3, which is characterized in that: the combined cutting tool arranged in each set of electrode cutting and grinding mechanism comprises a cutter shaft (9), and a rotation gear (4) is assembled at the shaft end of the cutter shaft (9);
one end of the cutter shaft (9) is provided with a flange (65), and the axis of the other end of the cutter shaft (9) is provided with a threaded hole (81);
a first circular sinking platform (59) is arranged at the shaft end of the rotation gear (4) along the axis, and the bottom surface of the first circular sinking platform (59) is used as a positioning base surface for inserting the cutter shaft (9) into the rear flange (65) of the shaft hole of the rotation gear (4); a third circular sinking platform (83) with central symmetry is arranged on the other side disc surface of the rotation gear (4), and a first cutting tool (5) is fixedly arranged in the third circular sinking platform (83) by two fixing pins (50) to form an assembly;
a second cutting tool is coaxially embedded in a second circular sinking platform (80) which is centrosymmetric on the first cutting tool (5); the rotation gear (4), the second cutting tool and the cutter shaft (9) are radially constrained and fixed by a first key (51);
the first cutting tool (5) is in the shape of a thin-wall disc; a plurality of identical cutting edges (82) with radial trajectory lines are uniformly distributed on the annular surface of the convex ring at the outer side of the second circular sinking platform (80) relative to the circle center; the second cutting tool comprises a cambered surface cutting tool (10) and a truncated cone-shaped cutting tool (52).
6. The symmetrical automatic electrode grinding device with controllable grinding displacement and adjustable grinding angle according to claim 5, characterized in that:
when the first cutting tool (5) rotates to grind the electrode, the rotation plane of the cutting edge (82) of the first cutting tool is always attached to the working end plane part (56) of the electrode to be cut and ground, and only the grinding work of the working end plane part (56) of the electrode is undertaken;
the relation among the front angle alpha, the edge thickness f, the edge thickness back angle theta, the edge back width e, the disk diameter D1, the number of edges n1 and the spot welding material of the cutting edge (82) is as follows
。
7. The symmetrical automatic electrode grinding device with controllable grinding displacement and adjustable grinding angle according to claim 5, characterized in that:
when the cambered surface cutting tool (10) rotationally grinds the electrode to be cut and ground, the revolving outline trajectory of the cutting edge is attached to a cambered surface curve (55) on the side surface of the cambered surface electrode (53), and only grinding of the side surface of the working end of the cambered surface electrode (53) is undertaken;
the cambered surface cutting tool (10) comprises a plurality of cutting edges with the same geometric shape; the relation between the diameter D5 of the large end of the cutting tool, the diameter D3 of the small end of the cutting tool, the number n2 of the cutting edges, the spiral angle omega of the cutting edges and the diameter R of the electrode (53) to be cut and polished is as follows
。
8. The symmetrical automatic electrode grinding device with controllable grinding displacement and adjustable grinding angle according to claim 5, characterized in that:
when the truncated cone-shaped cutting tool (52) rotationally grinds the electrode to be cut and grinded, the revolving outline trajectory of the cutting edge is attached to the conical surface (57) of the side surface of the truncated cone-shaped electrode (54), and only grinding of the side surface of the working end of the truncated cone-shaped electrode (54) is undertaken;
the truncated cone-shaped cutting tool (52) comprises a plurality of cutting edges with the same geometric shape; the relationship between the diameter D5 of the large end of the cutting tool, the diameter D3 of the small end of the cutting tool, the number n3 of the cutting edges and the back inclination angle epsilon of the cutting edges of the truncated cone-shaped cutting tool (52) and the diameter R of the electrode (54) to be cut and ground is as follows
。
9. The symmetrical automatic electrode grinding device with controllable grinding displacement and adjustable grinding angle according to claim 5, characterized in that: the structural parameters of the first cutting tool (5), the cambered surface cutting tool (10) and the circular truncated cone-shaped cutting tool (52) are selected according to the material of the electrode spot welding to be polished:
when the first blade (5), the arc-surface blade (10) and the truncated cone-shaped blade (52) are used for electrode grinding of a spot-welded steel plate:
the geometrical parameters of the cutting edge comprise a front angle alpha, a back angle delta, an edge thickness f, an edge back width e and an edge thickness back angle theta, and the recommended values of the relation among the front angle alpha, the back angle delta, the edge thickness f, the edge back width e and the edge thickness back angle theta are as follows:
When the first cutting tool (5), the cambered surface cutting tool (10) and the circular truncated cone-shaped cutting tool (52) are used for grinding the electrode of the spot welding aluminum or the aluminum alloy:
the geometrical parameters of the cutting edge comprise a front angle alpha, a back angle delta, an edge thickness f, a back edge width e and an edge thickness back angle theta, and the recommended values of the relation among the front angle alpha, the back angle delta, the edge thickness f, the back edge width e and the edge thickness back angle theta are as follows
。
10. The symmetrical automatic electrode sharpening device with controllable sharpening displacement and adjustable sharpening angle as claimed in claim 1, 2, 3, 6, 7, 8 or 9, characterized in that:
the arm ends of the two swinging bodies (2) are respectively provided with two power transition gear bearing mounting holes (72) with sunk platforms on the inner side surfaces and a power input gear bearing mounting hole (73) which are respectively used as mounting holes of a power transition gear bearing (17) and a power input gear bearing (23); the shaft ends of the power transition gear (19) and the power input gear (24) are respectively and tightly assembled into inner rings corresponding to the power transition gear bearing (17) and the power input gear bearing (23), and the positions of two groups of the power transition gear bearing and the power input gear bearing are respectively and axially limited in holes at the arm ends of the two swinging bodies (2) by utilizing a retainer ring (35) and a clamp spring (22);
the center of the outer side surface of the cover cap (11) is provided with a taper hole (77) for radially positioning an electrode to be polished when the electrode is inserted; the inner side surface of the cover cap (11) is provided with a sliding bearing (6) mounting hole (78) which is provided with a sunken platform and has the axis coaxial with the rotation axis of the combined cutting tool during rotation; when the cover cap (11) is embedded in a sinking platform of the swinging body (2), the sliding bearing (6) is sleeved at the overhanging end of the combined cutting tool cutter shaft (9); the surface of the cover (11) is also provided with 3 bolt through holes (79) with sunk platforms, which are used as through holes of a second fixing bolt (15) when the cover (11) is fixedly connected with the revolution gear (14); the surface of the cover cap (11) is additionally provided with 3 air supply holes (40) which are used as air supply holes (40) of air supply airflow in the negative pressure chip suction process.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202120472670.9U CN216421290U (en) | 2021-03-05 | 2021-03-05 | Symmetrical type electrode automatic grinding device with controllable grinding displacement and adjustable grinding angle |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202120472670.9U CN216421290U (en) | 2021-03-05 | 2021-03-05 | Symmetrical type electrode automatic grinding device with controllable grinding displacement and adjustable grinding angle |
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| CN216421290U true CN216421290U (en) | 2022-05-03 |
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| CN202120472670.9U Withdrawn - After Issue CN216421290U (en) | 2021-03-05 | 2021-03-05 | Symmetrical type electrode automatic grinding device with controllable grinding displacement and adjustable grinding angle |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112809098A (en) * | 2021-03-05 | 2021-05-18 | 扬帆研华(天津)科技发展有限公司 | Symmetrical type electrode automatic grinding device with controllable grinding displacement and adjustable grinding angle |
-
2021
- 2021-03-05 CN CN202120472670.9U patent/CN216421290U/en not_active Withdrawn - After Issue
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112809098A (en) * | 2021-03-05 | 2021-05-18 | 扬帆研华(天津)科技发展有限公司 | Symmetrical type electrode automatic grinding device with controllable grinding displacement and adjustable grinding angle |
| CN112809098B (en) * | 2021-03-05 | 2024-05-10 | 扬帆研华(天津)科技发展有限公司 | Symmetrical electrode automatic coping device with controllable coping displacement and adjustable coping angle |
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