CN112809097A

CN112809097A - Asymmetric electrode automatic grinding device with controllable grinding displacement and adjustable grinding angle

Info

Publication number: CN112809097A
Application number: CN202110242440.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 顾寅; 顾扬; 陈林; 刘为民; 吕元亮; 邵东辉; 顾啸; 孟少颖; 戴淮波; 李耀; 吴洪超
Original assignee: Yangfan Yanhua Tianjin Technology Development Co ltd
Current assignee: Yangfan Yanhua Tianjin Technology Development Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-03-05
Filing date: 2021-03-05
Publication date: 2021-05-18

Abstract

The invention discloses an asymmetric electrode automatic grinding device with controllable grinding displacement and adjustable grinding angle, which comprises a closed shell consisting of a left shell and a right shell, wherein the main body parts of functional mechanisms for electrode cutting grinding and the like are arranged in the closed shell. The electrode cutting and grinding mechanism converts the power input of the power motor into the rotating power of the combined cutting tool through a power input gear, a revolution gear, a fixed gear ring, a rotation gear and the like; the cutting displacement control mechanism converts the rotary power of the stepping motor into micro-distance linear motion of cutting displacement through the positive and negative threaded shafts; the coping angle adjusting mechanism is used for compensating deflection of the working surface of the electrode caused by welding deflection deformation of the welding tongs mechanical arm and the like. According to the invention, the combination cutting tool and the grinding principle of revolution and rotation thereof, the positioning movement grinding mode without external force, the grinding angle adjustment and other functional characteristics can obtain significant positive effects on the aspects of prolonging the service life of the cutting tool, reducing unnecessary electrode cutting, improving the quality of welding spots, reducing the cost of spot welding process and the like.

Description

Asymmetric electrode automatic grinding device with controllable grinding displacement and adjustable grinding angle

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of automatic electrode grinding, relates to a technical device for grinding a spot welding electrode in a resistance spot welding process, and particularly relates to a special technical device capable of automatically grinding the working end part of the electrode of various automatic welding tongs or a fixed spot welding machine in the resistance spot welding process, in particular to an asymmetric automatic electrode grinding device with controllable grinding displacement and adjustable grinding angle.

Background

In the process of continuous spot welding, under the circulation action of severe working loads such as high temperature, high pressure and the like, the diameter and the components of the working surface of the electrode, the contact area between the working surface of the electrode and the surface of a workpiece, contact resistance, contact thermal resistance and the like are continuously changed along with the increasing of the ordinal number of a welding point, a series of changes dynamically change the total resistance value between welding point joints and the distribution proportion relation of the resistance along the thickness direction of the plate, the heat generated by resistance precipitation among all parts of the joints is continuously redistributed along with the change of the distribution proportion relation of the resistance among the parts of the joints, and the influence on the quality of the welding point, the cost of the spot welding process and the like is generated. In order to reduce the excessive adverse effects on the quality of welding spots, the cost of spot welding process and the like caused by the overlarge change of the surface state of the electrode, the mode of periodically grinding the working end part of the electrode is adopted in production, and the purpose of restricting the quality dispersion of the welding spots within an allowable range is achieved by taking a precautionary measure of limiting the surface size and the shape of the working end of the electrode within a certain fluctuation range.

The electrode sharpening machine is mainly intended to achieve the following effects: the method comprises the steps of restoring the enlarged working surface diameter of an electrode to an initial set value, namely limiting the feeding surface diameter or the feeding area of the electrode to fluctuate in two electrode grinding periods, and creating necessary conditions for ensuring the relative balance of the feeding and heat-conducting cross section areas in the welding nugget forming process; the method comprises the following steps of removing various non-electrode raw materials formed by the electrode working surfaces in the spot welding process, including an alloy layer, an attachment layer and the like, and simultaneously trimming the two electrode working surfaces to be parallel to the surface of a workpiece in the spot welding operation, so that the effective contact area between the electrode working surfaces and the surface of the workpiece is increased, and the contact resistance between the electrode working surfaces and the surface of the workpiece and the possible negative influence on the quality of welding spots and the cost of the spot welding process are reduced.

The electrode coping device is divided into a manual coping device and an automatic coping device; the price difference is very different because of different product types. The manual sharpening device needs to rely on the experience of an operator to ensure that the working surfaces of the two electrodes at the spatial positions during sharpening are respectively in parallel relation with the surfaces of the workpieces at the two sides in a working state, so that the manual sharpening device is a work with considerable operation difficulty; meanwhile, the grinding mode is difficult to grasp to compensate the additional deformation inevitably formed in the spot welding process, so the process guarantee effect is very limited, and even the quality of the welding spot and the cost of the spot welding process are possibly negatively influenced.

The automatic electrode sharpening device in the prior art mainly has the following defects:

1. the grinding principle of the automatic electrode grinding device in the prior art is similar, and the automatic electrode grinding device has the following common attributes: the cutting edge tool is an integrated blade with cutting edges on two sides, and the surfaces of working ends of electrodes to be repaired on two sides are synchronously polished by the cutting edges on one blade, wherein the two sides of the cutting edge are in a mirror image relation; the cutting edge of the plane part of the cutting tool processing electrode is an arc, and the working surfaces of the two processed electrodes are spherical surfaces with the curvature radius equal to that of the cutting edge; after the electrode is polished, the contact mode between the working surface of the electrode and the surface of a workpiece is point contact theoretically, so that the current overload degree, the deterioration speed and the ablation speed of the working surface of the electrode during spot welding are greatly improved. When the electrode is polished, the electrode pressure always acts on the cutting edges on the two sides of the cutting tool vertically, the possibility that the cutting edges of the cutting tool adopt a design with a front rake angle is eliminated, and the polishing essence of the surfaces of the electrode by the cutting edges on the two sides in the cutting tool which are in mirror image relation is respectively positive edge scraping and reverse edge scraping, but not cutting; in any case, the cutting edge of the cutting tool on one side is always in a reverse-edge scraping state, and the abrasion speed difference of the cutting edges on the two sides of the cutting tool is extremely large; from the outer edge of the cutting tool to the rotation center of the cutting tool, the scraping linear speed of the cutting edge changes from V to Vmax to V to 0, namely the scraping linear speed of the cutting edge at the outer diameter part of the electrode is the maximum; within a certain radius range from the axis of the electrode, because the scraping linear speed is less than the critical scraping speed, the stripping between the electrode material to be scraped and the electrode surface in the region is a comprehensive result of the superposition effect of the rotary tearing and the rotary rolling of the cutting edge, and the damage effect of the grinding process on the cutting edge of the cutting tool is stronger. The influence of the repeated positioning precision of the robot is considered, in order to remove the metal to be scraped at the axis position of the electrode, the length of the cutting edge must pass through the rotation center of the cutting tool in design, and the cutting edge beyond the rotation center part bears the hard extrusion and other severe working conditions in the scraping process, so that the cutting edge is easily rapidly blunted or chipped. During spot welding, the electrode holding rod inevitably generates certain flexural deformation under the action of electrode pressure, the working surface of the electrode deflects at an angle along with the flexural deformation, the time for gradually increasing the actual contact area with the surface of a workpiece through ablation, plastic deformation and the like of the electrode during spot welding is prolonged, and negative effects are formed on the service life of the electrode, the quality of welding spots and the like; the automatic electrode grinding device in the prior art does not have the corresponding grinding angle compensation capability.

2. The scraping force of the cutting edge of the cutting tool on electrode grinding is established by electrode pressure and cutting tool rotating torque together, nominally the grinding amount of the electrode at each time is determined by three parameters of cutting edge rotating speed, electrode pressure and grinding time during electrode grinding, but actually is directly related to the condition that the cutting edge becomes blunt; the cutting tool scraping working principle determines that the cutting edge dulling speed is high, under the same process parameter setting condition, the cutting amount of the electrode in each grinding process is gradually increased along with the increase of the abrasion degree of the cutting edge, the consumption of unnecessary scraped electrodes is increased along with the increase of the dulling degree of the cutting edge, and the unnecessary cutting proportion can account for more than 50% of the total consumption of the electrode grinding.

3. In a strict sense, the grinding principle of the electrode automatic grinding device in the prior art is only suitable for grinding the electrode on the linear motion type fixed point welding machine.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention overcomes the defects of the prior art and provides the asymmetric electrode automatic coping device which can realize the automatic coping of the electrodes on various resistance spot welding automatic welding tongs or fixed point welding machines and has controllable coping displacement and adjustable coping angle.

The automatic electrode coping device has the following characteristics: cutting and grinding the to-be-repaired end part of the electrode in a revolution and autorotation mode by adopting a multi-cutting-edge combined cutting tool with a front rake; the cutting force of the cutting edge of the cutting tool during grinding of the working end face of the electrode is irrelevant to the pressure of the electrode; the electrode grinding machine can carry out fixed displacement grinding on the working end face of an electrode under the condition of slight cutting allowance, also can carry out angular displacement compensation aiming at the deflection deformation generated by different electrode holding rods in the spot welding process and the deflection generated by other working planes of the electrode, and really ensures that a good fit relation is formed between the working surface of the electrode after grinding and the surface of a workpiece in the spot welding process. The characteristics jointly determine the advantages of long service life of the cutting tool, extremely compressible unnecessary cutting amount during electrode grinding, high utilization rate of electrode materials, good contact state between the ground electrode working surface and the workpiece surface during spot welding operation and the like, and create good basic guarantee conditions for reducing consumption of the cutting tool and the electrode materials, energy consumption of a spot welding process, improving quality of welding spots and the like.

The concrete improvement is as follows:

1. the single-edge integrated cutting tool in the sharpening device in the prior art is changed into two sets of combined cutting tools which are respectively formed by combining a plane cutting tool with multiple cutting edges and an arc-shaped cutting tool or a circular truncated cone-shaped cutting tool.

2. The straight edge cutting edge type of the cutting tool in the prior art is changed into the cutting edge type with a forward rake angle, and the grinding of the working end part of the counter electrode is changed into the cutting grinding principle from the scraping grinding principle.

3. The method changes the control mode that the electrode grinding amount of each time is determined by three parameters such as electrode pressure, cutting tool rotating speed, grinding time and the like in the known electrode grinding technology into the control mode that the electrode grinding amount of each time is determined by a grinding displacement control system, and the electrode grinding process is unrelated to the electrode pressure.

4. The method changes the uncompensated grinding mode of the grinding angle of the electrode into a compensated grinding mode in the known electrode grinding technology.

An asymmetric electrode automatic sharpening device with controllable sharpening displacement and adjustable sharpening angle comprises a closed shell consisting of a left shell (42), a right shell (39) and a grinding head, wherein mechanical parts or all or a main body part of each functional mechanism of the device are arranged in the closed shell; the functional mechanism of the equipment comprises an electrode cutting and grinding mechanism, a cutting displacement control mechanism and an electrode grinding angle adjusting mechanism;

the two sets of electrode cutting and grinding mechanisms are respectively arranged in the closed shell in a centrosymmetric and mirror-image manner, combined cutting tools are respectively arranged in the electrode cutting and grinding mechanisms, and the two sets of electrode cutting and grinding mechanisms respectively and independently undertake grinding work of working end parts of electrodes to be ground at two sides; the two sets of electrode cutting and grinding mechanisms are provided with rotary power by a power motor (16); the power motor (16) is arranged on the surface of the right side shell (39); the two shaft sleeves (38) clamp a power input gear (41), and the three are connected with an input shaft of a power motor (16) through a key (43);

the power input gear (41) is simultaneously meshed with two transition gears (33) coaxially assembled on a transition gear shaft (44), the shaft neck parts at two ends of the shaft (44) of the transition gears (33) are respectively provided with a thrust bearing (35) in a tight fit manner, wherein the shaft neck part at the inner side of the thrust bearing (35) in a right shell (39) is provided with a limiting spacer bush (36), and the limiting spacer bush (36) is used for axially restraining an inner ring of the thrust bearing (35) at the side; the transition gear (33) respectively transmits the input rotary power to two revolution gears (23) which are respectively arranged in the left shell (42) and the right shell (39) and are arranged in a mirror image manner; the shaft ends of the revolution gear (23) are respectively assembled with the inner ring of the fixed bearing (21) in a tight fit manner; a non-centrosymmetric circular sinking platform is arranged on one side disc surface of the revolution gear (23) and is used for installing a rotary bearing (32) of the combined cutting tool rotation gear (30); the outer ring of the revolution gear bearing (21) is tightly assembled in the annular sinking groove of the fixed gear ring (22); embedding an outer sinking platform of the fixed disc (14) into the fixed gear ring (22), fixedly connecting the fixed gear ring and the fixed gear ring by using 4 fixing bolts (10) or (50), and embedding the sealing plate (26) into the sinking platform of the fixed gear ring (22);

a rolling bearing (27) is fixedly assembled on the inner side surface of the cover cap (13) in a through hole sinking platform positioned on the outer side of the taper hole (80); when the rolling bearing (27) is sleeved at the overhanging end of the cutter shaft (12) of the combined cutting tool, the whole cover cap (13) is embedded in a sinking platform on the outer surface of the fixed disc (14) in a clearance fit manner, and 3 countersunk head bolts (25) are used for realizing the fixed connection between the cover cap (13) and the revolution gear (23);

a pair of hinge pins (58) are respectively inserted into the reserved pin holes on the two sides of the two shells (42) and (39), the two pairs of hinge pins (58) are respectively hinged with the two fixed gear rings (22), and the hinged connection relation between the electrode cutting and grinding mechanism and the shells (42) and (39) on the two sides is established.

The cutting displacement control mechanism is powered by a stepping motor and a speed reducer (1) directly connected with the stepping motor, the stepping motor and the speed reducer (1) directly connected with the stepping motor are coaxially and fixedly installed on the outer surface of the left shell (42) and the surfaces of the two sides of the closed shell exposed out of the limiting mechanisms on the two sides of the closed shell, and other mechanism components are arranged in the closed shell (42); the stepping motor and the speed reducer (1) thereof are coaxially fixed on the outer surface of the left shell (39) by using 4 fixing bolts (2), and the joint between the power output shaft of the speed reducer and a displacement power gear (46) arranged in the closed shell is realized by using a key (75) and a lock sleeve (62); the displacement power gear (46) transmits the rotary power to the displacement transmission gear ring (20) through a displacement transition gear (49); the displacement transmission gear ring (20) is simultaneously meshed with gears (55) in two positive and negative threaded shafts (53) which are arranged on two sides of the displacement transmission gear ring in a mirror image manner; the hanging shafts on the two sides of the threaded shaft (53) are respectively a positive thread and a negative thread; when the device is assembled, the screw threads of the shaft ends extending out of the same side surface of the shell (42) and the shell (39) are screwed in the same direction; a positive and negative thread sleeve (52) with a thread direction matched with the thread direction is screwed into each thread shaft end; the tops of the two thread sleeves (52) on the same side are respectively provided with a set of limiting mechanism; each set of limiting mechanism comprises two reference sleeves (5), a limiting plate (4) and two jackscrews (7); before the limiting mechanism is assembled on two groups of thread sleeves (52), the overhanging shafts on two sides of the limiting plate (4) are inserted into corresponding inner holes of the two reference sleeves (5) in a clearance fit mode respectively, then the limiting plate (4) is carried to sleeve the reference holes of the two reference sleeves (5) on the two thread sleeves (5), the bottom surfaces of the reference holes in the reference sleeves (5) are attached to the upper surfaces of the corresponding thread sleeves (52), and then the two jackscrews (7) are used for fixing the relative positions between the reference sleeves (5) and the corresponding thread sleeves (52) respectively.

The middle parts of the inner front ends of the left shell (42), the right shell (39) and the inner front ends of the left shell and the right shell are respectively provided with a through rectangular sunk groove (81), a set of electrode grinding angle adjusting mechanism is respectively arranged in each rectangular sunk groove (81), and the two sets of electrode grinding angle adjusting mechanisms respectively undertake the adjustment work of the grinding angles of the electrode cutting grinding mechanisms on the two sides;

the electrode coping angle adjusting mechanism comprises two shaft sleeves (64), a swing angle adjusting rod (31), two swing angle adjusting bolts (63) and a stirring pin (65); after two ends of two swing angle adjusting rods (31) are respectively inserted into inner holes of two shaft sleeves (64), the two swing angle adjusting rods are respectively and integrally arranged in rectangular sinking grooves (81) formed in the left shell (42), the right shell (39) and the left shell, and are respectively embedded into grooves (82) formed in the front ends of two fixed gear rings (22); a swing angle adjusting bolt (63) is respectively arranged in the corresponding threaded hole positions of the left shell (42) and the right shell (39), and a stirring pin (65) is respectively inserted into the bolt pin hole of each group of swing angle adjusting bolts (63).

The combined cutting tool comprises a cutter shaft (12), the shaft end of the cutter shaft (12) penetrates through one side of a central through hole of the shaft end of the rotation gear (30), and a boss (68) on the cutter shaft (12) is embedded into a circular sinking platform (79) formed at the shaft end of the rotation gear (30); a circular sinking platform (78) is also arranged on the other side disc surface of the rotation gear (30) in a centrosymmetric manner, and a planar first cutting tool (6) is fixedly installed in the circular sinking platform (78) by using two fixing pins (66) so as to form an assembly;

the shape of the planar first cutting tool (6) is a thin-wall disc with a circular sinking platform (28) on one side surface, and a radial cutting edge (77) of the planar first cutting tool (6) is formed on a convex ring surface on the outer side of the circular sinking platform (28); a second cutting tool (8) or (67) is coaxially embedded in a circular sinking platform (28) of the planar first cutting tool (6), and radial constraint and fixation between the rotation gear (30) and the second cutting tool (8) or (67) and the cutter shaft (12) is realized through a key (11).

When the planar first cutting tool (6) grinds the electrode in a rotating way, the rotating plane of the cutting edge (77) is attached to the working end plane part (72) of the electrode to be cut and grinded, and only grinding of the electrode working end plane part (72) is undertaken;

the relation between the front angle alpha, the edge thickness f, the edge thickness back angle theta, the edge back width e, the disc diameter D1 and the number of the cutting edges n1 of the cutting edges (77) and the material of the spot welding is as follows:

when the second cutting tool (8) is a cambered surface second cutting tool (8):

the cutting edge outline trajectory line when sectioning along the axis of the cambered surface second cutting tool (8) is a combination of an inward concave arc line and a straight line, the cambered surface radius R of the concave arc line is equal to the radius R of an arc line part of the side surface of the working end of the cambered surface electrode (69) to be cut and polished, and the straight line is designed according to an outward extending tangent line when the corresponding central angle of the concave arc line is 50 degrees +/-10 degrees;

when the cambered surface second cutting tool (8) rotates to grind the electrode to be cut and ground, only the grinding of the arc part and the straight line part (71) of the side surface of the working end of the cambered surface electrode (69) is carried out;

the cambered surface second cutting tool (8) comprises a plurality of cutting edges with the same geometric shape; the relationship between the diameter D5 of the large end of the cutting tool of the cambered surface second cutting tool (8), the diameter D3 of the small end of the cutting tool, the number n2 of the cutting edges, the spiral angle omega of the cutting edges and the diameter D of the electrode of the cambered surface electrode (69) to be ground is as follows:

electrode diameter R	Cutting tool large end diameter D5	Diameter D3 of small end of cutting tool	Number of cutting edges n2	Helix angle ω
					13mm	≥35mm	≥9mm	8 to 14	0～3°
16mm	≥43mm	≥11mm	14 to 20	0～4°
					22mm	≥52mm	≥12mm	18 to 25	0～5°。

When the second blade (67) is a truncated cone-shaped second blade (67):

the taper angle of the second cutting tool (67) is matched with the taper angle of the side surface of the working end of the electrode to be cut and polished, and only polishing of the side surface (73) of the working end of the electrode (70) in the shape of the truncated cone is undertaken;

the second cutting tool (67) in the shape of a circular truncated cone comprises a plurality of cutting edges with the same geometric shape; the relationship between the tool large end diameter D5, the tool small end diameter D3, the cutting edge number n3 and the cutting edge back inclination angle epsilon of the second cutting tool (67) in the shape of a truncated cone and the electrode diameter R of the electrode (70) to be cut and ground is as follows:

electrode diameter R	Cutting tool large end diameter D5	Diameter D3 of small end of cutting tool	Number of cutting edges n3	Back inclination angle epsilon
					13mm	≥35mm	≥9mm	8 to 14	10～13°
16mm	≥43mm	≥11mm	14 to 18	11～14°
					22mm	≥52mm	≥12mm	18 to 23	12～15°。

The geometrical parameters of the cutting edges of the planar first cutting tool (6), the cambered second cutting tool (8) and the circular truncated cone-shaped second cutting tool (67) comprise a front angle alpha, an edge back angle delta, an edge thickness f and an edge thickness back angle theta, and the recommended values of the relation among the front angle alpha, the edge back angle delta, the edge thickness f and the edge thickness back angle theta are as follows:

front angle alpha	Cutting edge back angle delta	Edge thickness f	Edge thickness back angle theta
				4～8°	10～15°	≥0.8mm	12～20°。

The negative pressure chip suction system is used for sucking chips generated in the electrode grinding process out of the grinding device body in real time by utilizing a negative pressure principle;

the negative pressure chip suction system comprises a negative pressure generator, a negative pressure pipeline and a negative pressure suction nozzle (17); the negative pressure generator is connected with the negative pressure suction nozzle (17) through a flexible negative pressure pipeline;

the two negative pressure suction nozzles (17) are respectively and fixedly arranged on the fixed disks (14) at the two sides, and the inner holes of the negative pressure suction nozzles are opposite to the waist-shaped negative pressure suction ports on the fixed disks (14); the inner hole of the negative pressure suction nozzle (17) is communicated with a chamber which is formed by sealing a sealing plate (26), the inner wall of a fixed gear ring (22), a fixed disc (14) and the lower surface of a cover cap (13) in a sealed mode; the cuttings sucked out by the negative pressure are led into a cuttings collecting bag appointed by a user through a negative pressure suction nozzle (17), a negative pressure pipeline and a negative pressure generator.

The invention has the technical effects that:

1. in the invention, the multi-edge combined cutting tool works in a revolution and autorotation mode, and carries out positioning displacement cutting and polishing on the surface to be repaired of the electrode under the condition of fixed displacement micro-cutting allowance, and the cutting force of the cutting tool to the electrode is established and is irrelevant to the electrode pressure; because the structure type of the cutting tool is different from the cutting and grinding principle, various negative attributes caused by the structure type of the cutting tool and the cutting principle in the prior art are fundamentally eliminated; the polished electrode working surface is a plane, and the phenomena that the polished electrode working surface in the known polishing technology necessarily has a spherical helix angle and the electrode and the surface of a workpiece are necessarily in point contact do not exist; besides, unnecessary grinding amount of the electrode during grinding each time can be effectively reduced, electrode consumption is reduced by more than 50%, and welding spot quality can be effectively improved and energy consumption of a spot welding process can be reduced due to a better fit state between the working surface of the electrode and the surface of a workpiece.

2. In the invention, the revolution and autorotation working attributes of the multi-edge combined cutting tool determine that the multi-edge shares the micro-cutting load under the condition of positioning and shifting the cutting electrode in the electrode grinding process, so that the cutting stress of the cutting edge is reduced by orders of magnitude, and the service life of the cutting tool can be prolonged by more than 10 times.

3. The cutting edge system of the multi-edge combined cutting tool grinds the end part to be repaired of the electrode by cutting edges with front rake angles, the unfavorable working condition that one side cutting edge inevitably has reverse edge scraping in the prior art and the bad working conditions that the local cutting edge passing through the rotation axis of the cutting tool inevitably bears hard extrusion and the like do not exist, and the service life of the cutting edge of the cutting tool can be further prolonged due to the change of the load bearing property of the cutting edge.

4. In the invention, due to the intervention of the coping angle adjusting mechanism, effective compensation can be implemented for the deflection of the working surface of the electrode caused by different flexural deformations of the welding tongs under the condition of different flexural deformations of the welding tongs mechanical arm in the spot welding process, the joint degree between the working surface of the electrode and the surface of a workpiece in the spot welding process is ensured, and the method is beneficial to further improving the quality of welding spots and reducing the energy consumption of the spot welding process.

5. According to the invention, the utilization rate of the electrode material is improved, so that the electrode replacement frequency can be reduced by more than 50%, and the process productivity can be effectively improved under the same process condition.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a three-dimensional view of an automatic electrode dresser according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a top view of the automated electrode sharpening machine of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged sectional view taken along line B-B of FIG. 2;

FIG. 5 is an enlarged sectional view taken along line C-C of FIG. 3;

FIG. 6-1 is an axial cross-sectional view of a combined blade of a planar first blade and a cambered second blade in an automatic electrode tip dresser;

FIG. 6-2 is a top view of FIG. 6-1;

FIG. 7-1 is an axial cross-sectional view of a combined blade of a planar first blade in combination with a truncated cone shaped second blade in an automatic electrode tip dresser;

FIG. 7-2 is a top view of FIG. 7-1;

figure 8-1 is an axial cross-sectional view of a first of the composite blades;

FIG. 8-2 is a top view of FIG. 8-1;

FIG. 9-1 is an axial cross-sectional view of a cambered second blade in the composite blade;

FIG. 9-2 is a top view of FIG. 9-1;

FIG. 10-1 is an axial cross-sectional view of a second tool in the form of a circular truncated cone in the combination tool;

FIG. 10-2 is a top view of FIG. 10-1;

FIG. 11 is an enlarged view of the cutting edge I of each of the blades;

FIG. 12-1 is an external view of a cambered surface electrode;

FIG. 12-2 is an external view of a truncated cone-shaped electrode;

figure 13 is a schematic view of a holder for an electrode dresser according to the present invention.

In the figure:

1-a stepping motor and a speed reducer thereof, 2-a fastening bolt, 3-a fixing bolt, 4, a limiting plate, 5-a reference sleeve,

6-a plane first cutting tool, 7-a jackscrew, 8-a cambered surface second cutting tool, 9-a swing angle adjusting knob, 10-a fixing screw,

11-key, 12-knife shaft, 13-cover, 14-cover plate, 15-cover plate, 16-power motor, 17-negative pressure suction nozzle,

18-a limit pressing sleeve, 19-a displacement transmission bearing, 20-a displacement transmission gear ring, 21-a revolution gear bearing,

22-fixed gear ring, 23-revolution gear, 24-spacer bush, 25-countersunk head bolt, 26-sealing plate, 27-rolling bearing,

28-a circular sinking platform, 29-a limiting pressing sleeve, 30-a self-rotating gear, 31-a swing angle adjusting rod, 32-an inner side self-rotating bearing,

33-power transition gear, 34-groove, 35-power transition gear bearing, 36-spacing spacer bush, 37-spacer bush,

38-lock sleeve, 39-right shell, 40-power input shaft, 41-power input gear, 42-left shell, 43-key,

44-power transition shaft, 45-key, 46-displacement power gear, 47-displacement transition gear bearing,

48-displacement transition gear shaft, 49-displacement transition gear, 50-fastening screw, 51-hinge pin, 52-positive and negative thread sleeve,

53-positive and negative thread gear shaft, 54-spacing sleeve, 55-displacement transmission gear, 56-key, 57-spacing sleeve, 58-hinge pin,

59-fastening bolt, 60-positive and negative thread shaft bearing, 61-lock sleeve, 62-lock sleeve, 63-swing angle adjusting bolt, 64-shaft sleeve,

65-stirring pin, 66-fixing pin, 67-circular truncated cone-shaped second cutting tool, 68-lug boss, 69-circular arc electrode, 70-circular truncated cone-shaped electrode,

71-arc part + straight line part (electrode working end side), 72-electrode working plane, 73-circular truncated cone electrode side,

74-bracket, 75-key, 76-threaded hole, 77-cutting edge, 78-round sinking platform, 79-round sinking platform, 80-taper hole,

81-rectangular sink tank.

Detailed Description

The invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following drawings and specific embodiments, which are illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

The invention discloses an asymmetric electrode automatic grinding device with controllable grinding displacement and adjustable grinding angle, which is characterized in that:

the automatic electrode coping device carries out cutting coping on an electrode to be coping by adopting a multi-edge combined cutting tool and a working mode of revolution and autorotation of the cutting tool in the electrode coping process; in the electrode cutting and polishing process, the cutting edge of the cutting tool does not bear the pressure of an electrode, and the adverse working conditions that the cutting edge on one side of the cutting tool inevitably bears the scraping of a counter blade and the hard extrusion and other adverse working conditions that the local cutting edge of the cutting edge penetrating through the rotary axis of the cutting tool inevitably bears are avoided; the fixed displacement cutting under the condition of micro-cutting amount is controlled by utilizing the stepping motor, the accurate control of the grinding amount of the electrode each time is realized, the unnecessary cutting in the electrode grinding process of the prior art is extremely compressed, the utilization rate of electrode materials can be improved by times, the cutting stress on the cutting edge of the cutting tool is sharply reduced, and the service life of the cutting tool can be prolonged by more than 10 times; the electrode welding clamp can compensate and correct deflection deformation of different welding clamp arms in the spot welding process and other influences affecting the contact state of the electrode working plane and the surface of a workpiece, and the fitting degree of the electrode working surface and the surface of the workpiece in the spot welding process is guaranteed. The working characteristics of the invention jointly determine the characteristics of long service life of the cutting tool, high effective utilization rate of electrode materials, good feeding effect of the polished electrode surface in the spot welding process and the like, and the invention can produce positive effects in the aspects of reducing consumption of the cutting tool and the electrode materials, reducing electrode replacement times, reducing energy consumption of spot welding process, improving process productivity and welding spot quality and the like.

The invention relates to an automatic coping device for a resistance spot welding electrode, which has the following inventive concept:

1. by establishing an electrode grinding mode of revolution and rotation of the multi-edge combined cutting tool, the single-edge scraping grinding principle of the cutting tool in the electrode grinding process in the prior art is changed into a multi-edge cutting grinding principle, and various attributes which are unfavorable for grinding the cutting tool, the electrode grinding quality and the like in the prior art are eliminated.

2. The introduction of the mode of positioning, moving, cutting and grinding the working end face of the electrode under the condition of slight cutting load enables the method of grinding the electrode without the help of electrode pressure to become possible, and creates conditions for further reducing the cutting load and cutting stress of the cutting edge of the cutting tool, prolonging the service life of the cutting tool, reducing unnecessary cutting load during electrode grinding and the like.

3. By introducing the electrode grinding angle adjusting mechanism, the deflection phenomenon of the working surface of the electrode caused by the deflection deformation of the welding tongs mechanical arm and other influencing factors can be compensated and corrected, namely necessary conditions are created for improving the feed efficiency of the working surface of the electrode, improving the quality of welding spots and reducing the energy consumption of a spot welding process.

In order to solve the technical problems, the asymmetric electrode automatic sharpening device with controllable sharpening displacement and adjustable sharpening angle comprises a closed shell consisting of a left shell 42 and a right shell 39, and functional mechanisms for achieving the functional purposes of the asymmetric electrode automatic sharpening device, such as electrode cutting sharpening, cutting displacement control, sharpening angle adjustment and the like, wherein all or all mechanical systems or main body parts in the functional mechanisms are arranged in the closed shell. When the automatic electrode coping device works, all the mechanisms jointly or independently undertake the function work related to the coping of the working end surfaces of the electrodes on the machine arms at the two sides of the welding tongs; the electrode cutting and grinding mechanism and the cutting displacement control mechanism are respectively fixedly arranged on the right side surface and the left side surface of the shell, and the limiting devices of the two sets of cutting displacement control mechanisms are respectively exposed out of the two side surfaces of the shell; and grinding angle adjusting knobs of the adjusting mechanism are respectively arranged on the surfaces of the two sides of the shell.

As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the functional mechanism of the present invention includes two sets of electrode cutting and grinding mechanisms with the same component parts and component structures, which are respectively arranged in the right and left

shells

42 and 39 in a mirror image manner, and respectively and independently undertake grinding work of the working end portions of the electrodes to be ground at two sides, and each set of electrode cutting and grinding mechanism is provided with a set of the same combined cutting tool.

The two sets of electrode cutting and grinding mechanisms are provided with rotary power input by a power motor 16. The power motor 16 is fixedly arranged on the outer side surface of the right shell 39 by 4 bolts; the power input gear 41 is axially limited in the mounting shaft hole of the power motor 16 through the lock sleeves 38 at the two ends, and the power motor input shaft is jointed with the power motor 16 through the key 43 by utilizing the same key grooves which are formed on the structure bodies of the three and the power input shaft 40 of the power motor.

The power input gear 41 is simultaneously meshed with two power transition gears 33 which have the same structural size and are coaxially assembled on a power transition shaft 44, and two thrust bearings 35 are respectively installed at the shaft ends of the two sides of the power transition gears 33 in a tight fit manner; a limiting pressure sleeve 18 is arranged in a corresponding hole of the left shell 42 at the outer side of the thrust bearing at one side in a tight fit mode to be used as the outer ring constraint of the thrust bearing 35, and a limiting spacer bush 36 is arranged between the thrust bearing 35 at the other side and the power transition gear shaft 44 to be used as the constraint of the inner ring of the thrust bearing 35; a spacer 37 is sleeved between the two power transition gears 33 on the power transition gear shaft 44 and is used for adjusting the working position of the right power transition gear 33; radial constraint is carried out between the two power transition gears 33 and the power transition shaft 44 by using a key 45; the two power transition gears 33 respectively transmit the input rotary power to the revolution gear 23 in the two sets of electrode cutting and grinding mechanisms which are respectively arranged in the shells at the two sides and are arranged in a mirror image manner.

Each revolution gear 23 is respectively and fixedly assembled with the inner ring of the fixed bearing 21 in a tight fit way; a non-centrosymmetric circular sinking platform is arranged on the disc surface at the outer side of the revolution gear 23 and is used for fixedly mounting a self-rotating bearing 32 at the inner side of the combined cutting tool; the shaft end of the rotation gear 30 in the assembled combined cutting tool is tightly assembled into the inner hole of the rotation bearing 32; the outer ring of the revolution gear bearing 21 is tightly matched and assembled with the corresponding sink groove of the fixed gear ring 22, and 4 fixing screws 10 or 50 are used; fixedly mounting the fixed disk 14 on the upper surface of the fixed gear ring 22; 3 circular sinking platforms are arranged on the outer side surface of the revolution gear 23 and at positions corresponding to the axes of the 3 bolt holes on the cover 13, and a spacer 24 is arranged in each sinking platform in a tight fit manner; a seal plate 26 is fitted into the inner land surface of the fixed ring gear 22 such that 3 through holes of the seal plate 26 face 3 screw holes of the revolving gear 23, and 3 spacers 24 are fitted into the upper surface of the seal plate 26 at positions facing the 3 through holes. A rolling bearing 27 is fixedly assembled in a close fit manner in a through hole on the inner side surface of the cover cap 13 and on the outer side of the central taper hole 80, and a limit pressing sleeve 29 is arranged at the sinking platform part of the

second cutting tool

8 or 67; the rolling bearing 27 is sleeved on the cutter shaft overhanging end of the combined cutting tool, the whole cover cap 13 is embedded in a sinking platform on the outer surface of the fixed disc 14 in a clearance fit manner, and 3 sunk bolts 25 sequentially penetrate through corresponding through holes with sinking platforms formed in the surface of the cover cap 13, the spacer bush 24, the sealing plate 26 and the spacer bush 24, so that the cover cap 13 is fixedly connected with the revolution gear 23.

Two groups of the parts are combined and respectively installed into the right shell 42 and the left shell 39 from two sides of the shells, a hinge pin 58 is respectively inserted into the reserved pin holes on the two sides of the two shells, the two

shells

42 and 39 are respectively hinged with the two fixed gear rings 22 respectively arranged in the two shells by using two pairs of hinge pins 58, namely, the hinged connection relationship between the mechanical mechanism for electrode cutting and grinding and the

shells

42 and 39 on the two sides is established through the hinged relationship between the fixed gear rings 22 and the two pairs of hinge pins 58. Therefore, the assembly combination of the electrode cutting and grinding mechanical mechanism is completed.

The structure of the combined cutting tool is shown in figures 6-1, 6-2, 7-1 and 7-2, and the specific structure is as follows:

the combined cutting tool comprises a cutter shaft 12, wherein the cutter shaft 12 is provided with a key groove which is axially through; penetrating the shaft end of the cutter shaft 12 into a central through hole at one side of the shaft end of the rotation gear 30, embedding a boss 68 on the cutter shaft 12 into a circular sunken table 79 arranged at the shaft end of the rotation gear 30, and taking the bottom surface of the circular sunken table 79 as an assembling and positioning surface of the cutter shaft 12; a circular sinking platform 78 is also arranged on the disc surface on the other side of the rotation gear 30 in a centrosymmetric manner, and a planar first cutting tool 6 is fixedly arranged in the circular sinking platform 78 by using two fixing pins 66 so as to form an assembly; the shape of the first plane cutting tool 6 is a thin-wall disc with a circular sinking platform 28 on one side surface, and a radioactive cutting edge 77 of the first plane cutting tool 6 is arranged on a convex ring surface at the outer side of the circular sinking platform 28; a second cutting tool 8 or 67 is coaxially embedded in the circular sinking platform 28 of the planar first cutting tool 6, and radial constraint and fixation among the self-rotating gear 30, the second cutting tool 8 or 67 and the cutter shaft 12 is realized by using a key 11. The axial end of the knife shaft 12 is provided with an axial threaded hole 76 for connecting the cover cap 13 and the combined cutting tool by using a countersunk head bolt 25.

As shown in fig. 8-1 and 8-2, the planar first cutting tool 6 is a disc-shaped cutting tool with radial cutting edges on an annular boss at one side end face, the cross-sectional shapes and the structural sizes of a plurality of cutting edges which are radially and uniformly distributed relative to the circle center are the same, the function of the cutting edges is the same as that of an annular end face milling cutter, when the planar first cutting tool 6 grinds the electrode in a rotating way, the rotating plane of the cutting edges is always attached to the electrode working end plane part 72 (shown in fig. 12-1 and 12-2) of the electrode working end to be ground, and only the grinding of the electrode working end plane part 72 is undertaken.

In the invention, the geometric shape of the cutting edge of the planar first cutting tool 6 can be described by parameters of a front angle alpha, a cutting edge thickness f, a cutting edge thickness back angle theta, a cutting edge back width e and the like of the cutting edge of the cutting tool together; the relationship between the parameters of the rake angle α, the edge thickness f, the edge thickness back angle θ, the edge back width e, etc. of the cutting edge 77 of the planar first blade 6 and the disc diameter D1 and the number of cutting edges n1 of the planar first blade 6 preferably conforms to the recommended values in table 1.

Table 1: relationship between parameters of planar first cutting tool cutting edge geometry

Spot welding material

Front angle alpha

Edge thickness f

Edge thickness back angle theta

Width behind edge e

Disc diameter D1

Number of cutting edges n1

Steel plate

3～8°

f≥0.2mm

15～25°

≥0.8mm

≥30

≥32

Aluminum plates

2.5～5°

f≥0.3mm

15～25°

≥0.8mm

≥35

≥34

If the second cutting tool is a cambered surface second cutting tool 8, the cutting edge outline trajectory is a combination of a concave arc line and a straight line when the second cutting tool is cut along the axis, as shown in fig. 9-1 and 9-2; the cambered surface radius R of a concave cambered surface in the contour trajectory line of the cambered surface second cutting tool 8 is equal to the cambered surface radius R of the cambered surface part of the working end side surface of the cambered surface electrode 69 to be cut and polished, and the straight line part is designed according to an abduction tangent line when the corresponding central angle of the concave cambered surface is 50 degrees +/-10 degrees.

The contour trajectory of the cambered surface second cutting tool 8 is matched with the arc part and the straight line part 71 of the working end side surface of the cambered surface electrode 69 to be cut and ground, and only the grinding at the position of the working end side surface 71 of the electrode shown in figure 12-1 is carried out.

The cambered surface second cutting tool 8 comprises a plurality of cutting edges with the same geometric shape, and the structural dimensions of the cambered surface second cutting tool comprise a large end diameter D5 of the cutting tool, a small end diameter D3 of the cutting tool and the number n2 of the cutting edges. The structural dimensions, the number of the cutting edges and the relationship between the cutting edge helix angle omega and the electrode diameter R to be cut and polished of the cambered surface second cutting tool 8 preferably conform to the recommended values in the table 2.

Table 2: relationship among structural size of cambered surface second cutting tool, cutting edge quantity and helix angle

Electrode diameter R	Cutting tool large end diameter D5	Diameter D3 of small end of cutting tool	Number of cutting edges n2	Helix angle ω
					13mm	≥35mm	≥9mm	8 to 14	0～3°
16mm	≥43mm	≥11mm	14 to 20	0～4°
					22mm	≥52mm	≥12mm	18 to 25	0～5°

If the second cutting tool is the truncated cone-shaped second cutting tool 67, the taper angle of the truncated cone-shaped second cutting tool 67 is matched with the taper angle of the side surface of the working end of the truncated cone-shaped electrode 70 to be cut and ground, and only the grinding at the position of the tapered surface 73 of the side surface of the truncated cone-shaped electrode is carried out as shown in fig. 12-2.

As shown in fig. 10-1 and 10-2, the second truncated cone-shaped cutting tool 67 comprises a plurality of cutting edges with the same geometric shape; the structural size of the second cutting tool 67 in the shape of a circular truncated cone comprises a large end diameter D5 of the cutting tool, a small end diameter D3 of the cutting tool and the number n3 of cutting edges; the structural size, the number of the cutting edges, and the relationship between the cutting edge back inclination angle epsilon and the electrode diameter R to be cut and polished of the truncated cone-shaped second cutting tool 67 preferably conform to the recommended values in the table 3.

Table 3: the relationship between the structural size of the second cutting tool 52 in the shape of a truncated cone, the number of cutting edges and the back rake angle

Electrode diameter R	Cutting tool large end diameter D5	Diameter D3 of small end of cutting tool	Number of cutting edges n3	Back inclination angle epsilon
					13mm	≥35mm	≥9mm	8 to 14	10～13°
16mm	≥43mm	≥11mm	14 to 18	11～14°
					22mm	≥52mm	≥12mm	18 to 23	12～15°

The geometrical parameters of the cutting edges of the planar first blade 6, the cambered second blade 8 and the truncated cone shaped second blade 67 all include a front angle α, an edge back angle δ, a blade thickness f and a blade thickness back angle θ, and the recommended values of the relationship among the front angle α, the edge back angle δ, the blade thickness f and the blade thickness back angle θ are as follows:

The center of the cover cap 13 is provided with a taper hole 80 for radial positioning when the

electrode

69 or 70 to be polished is inserted; the inner side surface of the taper hole 80 is provided with a rolling bearing 27 mounting hole which is coaxial with the axis of the combined cutting tool cutter shaft 12; when the cover cap 13 is embedded into the sinking platform of the fixed disk 14, the rolling bearing 27 is matched and sleeved at the overhanging end of the cutter shaft 12 of the combined cutting tool, which is used as a rotary support at the other end of the combined cutting tool and also as an axial constraint at the side of the combined cutting tool; the surface of the cover 13 is also provided with 3 bolt through holes with sunk platforms as through holes of sunk bolts 25 when the cover 13 is fixedly connected with the revolution gear 23; the surface of the cover cap 13 is additionally provided with 3 small-diameter through holes which are used as passages for air supply airflow in the negative pressure chip suction process.

The invention also comprises two sets of same cutting displacement control mechanisms. The mechanism is powered by a stepping motor and a speed reducer 1 directly connected with the stepping motor, and the combination is fixedly arranged on a cover plate 15 of a left shell 42 by 4 fastening bolts 2. Axial spacing and engagement between the power take-off shaft on the reducer 1 and the displacement power input gear 46 of the mechanism disposed within the housing is achieved by means of the lock sleeve 62 and the key 75. The displacement power input gear 46 transmits the rotary power to the displacement transmission gear ring 20 arranged in the right housing 42 through a displacement transition gear 49 engaged with the displacement power input gear (a displacement transmission bearing 19 is arranged between the displacement transmission gear ring 20 and the left housing 42); the displacement power gear 46 is radially constrained with the output shaft of the stepping motor reducer 1 through a key 75, and is axially constrained between the two through a lock sleeve 62; a displacement transition gear shaft 48 passes through an inner hole of a displacement transition gear 49 in a tight fit manner, and is then installed into shaft holes of two displacement transition gear bearings 47 which are installed in parallel in a tight fit manner; the displacement transition gear 49 is engaged with one of two displacement transmission gears 55 which are respectively disposed on the forward and reverse gear shafts 53 and radially restrained by a key 56, and the rotational power is transmitted to the other displacement transmission gear 55 which is arranged on the opposite side thereof in a mirror image and engaged therewith through the displacement transmission ring gear 20; a limiting sleeve 54 is sleeved on each of the outer forward and reverse gear shafts 53 of each displacement transmission gear 55 and used for limiting the axial limit displacement of the same-side forward and reverse threaded sleeves 52. When assembled, the forward and reverse threaded shafts 53 are threaded in the same direction on the same side of the shaft ends extending beyond the

housing

42 and 39. A positive and negative thread sleeve 52 with the thread turning direction matched with the positive and negative thread sleeve is screwed into the shaft end of each positive and negative gear shaft 53, and after the positive and negative thread shaft 53 is tightly assembled into the right and left

shells

39 and 42 along with a positive and negative thread shaft bearing 60 which is tightly assembled in a matching way, a limiting sleeve 57 is respectively sleeved on the positive and negative thread shaft bearing 60 at one side of the left shell 42 and is used for axial constraint of an inner ring of the positive and negative thread shaft bearing 60; the lock sleeve 61 is used for defining the axial position of the forward and reverse threaded shaft bearing 60 when assembled, and after the forward and reverse threaded shaft bearing is assembled into the right housing 39, the relative position of the forward and reverse threaded shaft bearing is locked in the right housing 39 by the fastening bolt 59. The top parts of the two thread sleeves 52 on the same side of the shell are respectively provided with a set of limiting mechanism. Each set of limiting mechanism comprises two reference sleeves 5, one limiting plate 4 and two jackscrews 7. Before the limiting mechanism is assembled on the two groups of threaded sleeves 52, firstly, inserting a hinge pin 51 into each of the holes on the two sides of the limiting plate 4, then inserting the hinge pins 51 into the corresponding holes of the two reference sleeves 5 in a clearance fit manner respectively, then sleeving the reference holes of the two reference sleeves 5 on the two threaded sleeves 52 with the limiting plate 4, and tightly attaching the bottom surfaces of the reference holes in the reference sleeves 5 to the upper surfaces of the corresponding threaded sleeves 52; thereafter, the relative position between each reference sleeve 5 and the corresponding threaded sleeve 52 is fixed by two jackscrews 7, respectively.

The invention also comprises two sets of same electrode grinding angle adjusting mechanisms respectively arranged in the left shell 42 and the right shell 39, and the same electrode grinding angle adjusting mechanisms respectively undertake the work of grinding angle adjustment of the two sets of electrode cutting grinding mechanisms. The middle parts of the front ends of the inner sides of the left and

right shells

42 and 39 are provided with a section of the same rectangular sinking groove 81. And a set of angle adjusting mechanisms are respectively arranged in the two rectangular sunk grooves 81 and respectively undertake the adjustment work of the grinding angles of the electrode cutting grinding mechanisms on the two sides. Each angle adjusting mechanism comprises two shaft sleeves 64, a swing angle adjusting rod 31, two swing angle adjusting bolts 63 and a stirring pin 65. After two ends of the two swing angle adjusting rods 31 are respectively inserted into the inner holes of the two shaft sleeves 64, the two swing angle adjusting rods are respectively and integrally arranged in rectangular sinking grooves 81 formed in the two

shells

42 and 39 and are respectively embedded into grooves 34 formed in the front ends of the two fixed gear rings 22; through the left and

right shells

42 and 39, a swing angle adjusting bolt 63 is respectively arranged in the corresponding threaded hole position of the surface of each

shell

42 and 39, a stirring pin 65 is respectively inserted into the bolt pin hole with the pin hole in each group of swing angle adjusting bolts 63, and a swing angle adjusting knob 9 is sleeved on each swing angle adjusting bolt.

After the above-described assembly is completed, the two

housings

42 and 39 are closed and fastened to each other with 6 fixing bolts 3.

The sharpening device also comprises a set of negative pressure chip suction system, namely, chips generated in the electrode sharpening process are sucked out of the sharpening device body in real time by utilizing the negative pressure principle. The negative pressure chip suction system comprises a standard negative pressure generator, two flexible negative pressure pipelines and two negative pressure suction nozzles 17, which are not shown in the figure and are commercially available; wherein, the negative pressure generator is fixedly arranged on the equipment mounting bracket 74 and is connected with the negative pressure suction nozzle 17 through a flexible negative pressure pipeline; two negative pressure suction nozzles 17 are respectively and fixedly arranged at the waist-shaped suction port parts on the cover plates 14 at two sides, and the inner holes of the negative pressure suction nozzles 17 are communicated with a cavity which is formed by sealing plates 26, the inner wall of a fixed gear ring 22, the cover plate 14, the lower surface of the cover cap 13 and the like in a sealing way; the cuttings sucked out instantly by the negative pressure suction nozzle 17 pass through the negative pressure pipeline and the negative pressure generator and then are guided to a cuttings collecting bag appointed by a user through a guide pipe at the rear end of the negative pressure generator.

The coping device also comprises an equipment mounting bracket 74, and because the posture and the spatial position of the electrode coping electrode in the production process are different and need to be specially designed according to the field requirements, only one bracket 74 is schematically drawn in the attached drawing of the invention.

The adjusting and electrode coping process of the electrode coping device comprises the following steps:

the electrode coping angle adjusting process of the electrode coping device comprises the following steps:

after the automatic electrode coping device is installed in a production field, only the welding tongs corresponding to the coping device during debugging are served, and because the sum of the bending deformation of the same welding tong arm in the spot welding process and the angle which can cause the deflection of the working surface of the electrode during spot welding is constant, the adjustment of the electrode coping angle of the invention is all one-time adjustment, so that a manual adjustment mode is adopted. After the sum of the total deflection angles generated on the working surface of the electrode is calculated, the grinding swing angle adjusting bolts 63 arranged on the surfaces of the two sides of the shell are adjusted according to the calculation result, so that the rotation angle indicating scale mark lines on the swing angle adjusting knob 63 are aligned with the swing angle indicating lines etched on the surface of the shell, and then the process of adjusting the grinding angle of the electrode of the special welding tongs by the electrode grinding device is completed.

The electrode coping process of the electrode coping device comprises the following steps:

when the electrode to be polished slowly reaches the polishing position along with the welding tongs, the axial direction of the electrode to be polished is limited by the contact between the lower end surface of the electrode holding rod and the positioning groove formed on the upper surface of the positioning moving cutting mechanism limiting plate 4, and the radial direction of the electrode to be polished is accurately positioned by the contact between the electrode insertion taper hole on the cover 13 and the side surface of the electrode to be polished. When the lower end surface of the electrode holding rod is contacted with the positioning groove on the upper surface of the limiting plate 4, the limiting plate 4 can automatically rotate and adjust along with the contact state of the lower end surface of the electrode holding rod and the upper surface of the electrode holding rod because the suspension shaft systems on the two sides of the limiting plate 4 are hinged in the inner hole of the reference sleeve 5, and the surface of the positioning groove and the lower end surface of the electrode holding rod can be kept in the optimal contact state at any time. After the robot issues the in-place work command, the power motor 16 is started and transmits its rotation power to the power transition gear 33 and the revolution gear 23 in turn through the power input gear 41. When the revolution gear 23 rotates, the combined cutting tool mounted on the revolution gear revolves along with the revolution gear 23, and at the same time, because the meshing relationship exists between the rotation gear 30 and the fixed gear ring 22 in the combined cutting tool, the rotation gear 30 rotates by taking the axis of the cutter shaft 12 as the axis according to the gear ratio between the rotation gear 30 and the fixed gear ring 22, namely, the combined cutting tool rotates at a higher rotating speed while keeping the revolution in the working process, thereby forming the working characteristics of revolution and rotation of the combined cutting tool of the automatic electrode coping device of the invention. The sealed chamber formed by the lower surfaces of the fixed disc 14 and the cover cap 13, the inner side wall of the fixed gear ring 22 and the sealing plate 26 is an electrode cutting and grinding chamber, so that all chips after cutting and grinding can be sucked out of the grinder body only from the only negative pressure channel, namely the negative pressure suction nozzle 17. According to the same control command of the robot, the power motor 16 is started, and simultaneously, the stepping motor 1 starts to work. The stepping motor and its reducer 1 transmit the rotary power to the displacement power input gear 46 in the mechanism through its power output shaft, and in turn to the displacement transition gear 49 and the displacement transmission gear ring 20. The displacement transmission gear ring 20 synchronously transmits the rotary power to two positive and negative thread gear shafts 53 which are coaxially arranged at two sides of the displacement transmission gear ring in a mirror image manner and are meshed with the displacement transmission gear ring; because the shaft ends on the two sides of the gear shaft 53 are respectively provided with positive and negative threads and the shaft ends with the same thread turning directions are arranged on the same side of the shell, in the rotating process of the two gear shafts 53, two pairs of positive and negative thread sleeves 52 which are screwed on the two thread shafts 53 can only linearly move along the axes of the two thread shafts due to the positive and negative thread relations with the thread shafts, and drive the two side limiting mechanisms fixedly connected with the two thread sleeves 52 to synchronously move towards the inner side of the sharpening device in an opposite direction, and simultaneously drive the electrodes to be sharpened on the two sides to synchronously move towards the inner side of the sharpening device in an opposite direction, and the axial feeding speed of the electrodes to be sharpened, namely the cutting and sharpening speed in the electrode sharpening process, is determined by the rotating speed of the stepping motor 1. When the cutting and grinding displacement reaches the preset value in the stepping motor 1, the stepping motor 1 stops working immediately and waits for the next electrode grinding instruction in situ. And the arms on the two sides of the welding tongs carry the polished electrode cap to exit from the polisher according to the instruction sent by the robot, and then the power motor 16 stops working to wait for the next electrode polishing instruction. At this time, the electrode cutting and grinding mechanism and the positioning and moving cutting mechanism cooperate to complete a complete electrode grinding and grinding cycle process.

The automatic electrode grinding device also comprises a set of negative-pressure chip suction system which is used for sucking chips generated in the electrode grinding process out of the grinding device body in real time. When the electromagnetic valve of the negative pressure generator and the power motor 16 of the electrode cutting and grinding mechanism work, the two are controlled by the same control instruction of the robot, namely, the two are started to work at the same time and are also stopped to work at the same time.

In conclusion, the invention realizes the grinding of the end face of the electrode to be repaired by using an electrode grinding mode without the aid of electrode pressure and revolution and rotation of a multi-edge combined cutting tool, and overcomes various negative attribute problems caused by the structural type of the cutting tool and the cutting principle of the cutting tool in the prior art; through the positioning and moving cutting mechanism, conditions are created for positioning, moving, cutting and polishing the electrode of the multi-edge combined cutting tool under the condition of slight cutting allowance, so that the cutting stress of the cutting tool is steeply reduced, and unnecessary cutting allowance in the prior art is extremely reduced; by grinding the angle adjusting mechanism, the deflection of the electrode working plane caused by deflection deformation of the machine arm and the like in the spot welding process can be effectively corrected. The technical measures are implemented together, so that the cutting load of the cutting edge of the cutting tool is reduced sharply, and the service life of the cutting tool can be prolonged by more than 10 times; under the same working condition, the utilization rate of the electrode material can be improved by more than 50 percent due to unnecessary cutting amount reduction; the contact state of the electrode working plane and the surface of the workpiece is guaranteed in the spot welding process, and good guarantee conditions are provided for improving the electrode feed efficiency, reducing the energy consumption of the spot welding process, guaranteeing the quality of welding spots and the like.

While the present invention has been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, which are illustrative only and not restrictive, and various modifications which do not depart from the spirit of the present invention and which are intended to be covered by the claims of the present invention may be made by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. The utility model provides an automatic coping ware of asymmetric electrode that coping displacement is controllable, coping angle adjustable which characterized in that: comprises a closed shell consisting of a left shell (42), a right shell (39) and a left shell, wherein the mechanical part or all or the main body part of each functional mechanism of the equipment is arranged in the closed shell; the functional mechanism of the equipment comprises an electrode cutting and grinding mechanism, a cutting displacement control mechanism and an electrode grinding angle adjusting mechanism;

2. The asymmetric automatic electrode grinding device with controllable grinding displacement and adjustable grinding angle according to claim 1, which is characterized in that:

3. The asymmetric automatic electrode grinding device with controllable grinding displacement and adjustable grinding angle according to claim 2, characterized in that:

4. The asymmetric automatic electrode grinding device with controllable grinding displacement and adjustable grinding angle according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that:

5. The asymmetric electrode automatic sharpening device with controllable sharpening displacement and adjustable sharpening angle according to claim 4, characterized in that:

6. the asymmetric electrode automatic sharpening device with controllable sharpening displacement and adjustable sharpening angle according to claim 4, characterized in that:

when the second cutting tool (8) is a cambered surface second cutting tool (8):

When the second blade (67) is a truncated cone-shaped second blade (67):

7. The asymmetric automatic electrode grinding device with controllable grinding displacement and adjustable grinding angle according to claim 6, characterized in that: the geometrical parameters of the cutting edges of the planar first cutting tool (6), the cambered second cutting tool (8) and the circular truncated cone-shaped second cutting tool (67) comprise a front angle alpha, an edge back angle delta, an edge thickness f and an edge thickness back angle theta, and the recommended values of the relation among the front angle alpha, the edge back angle delta, the edge thickness f and the edge thickness back angle theta are as follows:

8. The asymmetric automatic electrode grinding device with controllable grinding displacement and adjustable grinding angle according to claim 1, 2, 3, 5 or 6, characterized in that: the negative pressure chip suction system is used for sucking chips generated in the electrode grinding process out of the grinding device body in real time by utilizing a negative pressure principle;