CN107258414A - 一种水稻田套养泥鳅的方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明属于农业种植技术领域,尤其涉及一种水稻田套养泥鳅的方法。本发明所述的水稻田套养泥鳅的方法,方法简单科学,泥鳅可以清除田中杂草,防治土壤板结、促进水稻根系发育和分蘖,保持水质清洗,促进水稻生长,能节约养殖空间,建立良好的生态环境,大大降低了养殖成本,减少了水稻病虫害发生率,提高了水稻的品质;产出率高,成本低,泥鳅口感好。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于农业种植技术领域,尤其涉及一种水稻田套养泥鳅的方法。
背景技术
泥鳅(学名:Misgurnus anguillicaudatus ),属鳅科。形体小,细长,只有三、四寸。且体形圆,身短,皮下有小鳞片,颜色青黑,浑身沾满了自身的粘液,因而滑腻无法握住。泥鳅在中国分布各地。南方分布较多,北方不常见。全年都可采收,夏季最多,泥鳅捕捉后,可鲜用或烘干用。可食用、入药。泥鳅被称为“水中之参”,生活在湖池,是营养价值很高的一种鱼,它和其它的鱼不相同,无论外表,体形,生活习性都不同,是一种特殊的鳅类,泥鳅肉质鲜美,营养丰富,富含蛋白质,脂肪含量低,属于高蛋白低脂肪食物;泥鳅的养殖一般会选择专门的养殖工具或养殖池塘,需要大量的饲料喂养,成本高,而且营养成分单一,泥鳅产量低,品质差,养殖效益低;而水稻的生长过程中水稻田中具有很多浮游生物、害虫等,可以为泥鳅的生长提供多种饲料,充分利用土地的同时还能提高水稻和泥鳅的品质,大大降低了养殖成本;不过现有的水稻田和泥鳅养殖过程中往往水稻田需要喷施农药化肥,导致泥鳅受到农药化肥的影响而品质差,死亡率高。
发明内容
发明目的:为了克服以上问题,本发明的目的是提供一种水稻田套养泥鳅的方法。
技术方案:本发明的目的在于提供一种水稻田套养泥鳅的方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)选择水稻田,在水稻田四周开挖养殖沟槽,所述养殖沟槽相通,在养殖沟槽底部和两侧壁上均铺设防逃膜,然后再防逃膜上铺设厚度为8-10cm的池塘淤泥,并在养殖沟槽上方铺设防鸟网;
(2)在养殖沟槽外侧开挖引水沟槽,引水沟槽设有进水口、排水口和溢水口,引水沟槽和养殖沟槽之间开设有连通沟;
(3)6月-7月农忙季节,在稻田插秧,然后注水至水位10-15cm;并在水稻田中按照每亩田45-55kg的量堆积发酵腐熟牛粪;
(4)待水稻返青后每亩稻田施用25-35kg的生石灰、漂白粉0.5-1.5kg,兑水搅拌均匀后喷洒入稻田中,7-10天后将体长3-4cm的泥鳅投入到养殖沟槽中,养殖密度为每亩稻田25-35kg;
(5)在泥鳅放养3天内不用投喂饲料,让泥鳅适应环境,从第4天开始投喂饲料,每天进行早中晚三次定量定时的泥鳅专用饲料投喂;
(6)每7-10天进行水质更换,每次换水量为稻田水量的20-30%,每次换水时加入5-8mg/L浓度的生石灰消毒,每隔10-15天投喂药饵两次,每亩投喂3-4kg,同时控制水位;
(7)水稻田中泥鳅进行捕捞和水稻收割。
优选地,所述步骤(1)中养殖沟槽的宽度为2-4m,深度为1.2-1.6m,所述的养殖沟槽分布在稻田的四周内侧。
优选地,所述的步骤(2)中的引水沟槽宽度为1-2m,位于田埂内侧0.6-0.8m,深度为0.4-0.6m,所述的进水口设置在田埂上,出水口设置在于进水口相对侧的田埂上。
优选地,所述步骤(3)中腐熟牛粪包括牛粪和稻草秸秆,牛粪和稻草秸秆的比重为2:3。
优选地,所述步骤(4)中泥鳅苗放养前用中药水浸泡消毒2-3min,并用3-5%的食盐水浸泡4-6min,在盐水中翻滚、蹦跳严重的应剔除。
优选地,所述的中药水包括以下重量份的组分:枸杞子8-12份、黄芪10-18份、茯苓6-8份、鱼腥草12-18份、熟地黄8-12份;粉碎后混合加入5-10倍的水煎煮而成。
优选地,所述的步骤(5)中定量投喂为3月龄时为泥鳅体重的1.5%-2%;4-6月龄为泥鳅体重的3.5%-4.5%;7-8月龄为泥鳅体重的10%-14%;9-10月龄为泥鳅体重的4%-4.5%;定时为早上7点-8点;中午11-12点,晚上5点-6点。
优选地,所述步骤(5)中泥鳅专用饲料包括以下重量份的组分:玉米粉60-80份、豆腐渣30-40份、红曲米3-5份、鱼粉20-30份、蚯蚓粉9-15份、磷脂油2-4份、贝壳粉5-10份。
优选地,所述步骤(6)中药饵包括以下重量份的组分:发酵豆粕20-30份、麦麸15-25份、鱼骨粉15-20份、红虫粉30-40份、土霉素0.2-0.4份。
上述技术方案可以看出,本发明具有如下有益效果:本发明所述的水稻田套养泥鳅的方法,方法简单科学,泥鳅可以清除田中杂草,防治土壤板结、促进水稻根系发育和分蘖,保持水质清洗,促进水稻生长,能节约养殖空间,建立良好的生态环境,大大降低了养殖成本,减少了水稻病虫害发生率,提高了水稻的品质;产出率高,成本低,泥鳅口感好。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例,进一步阐明本发明。
实施例1
一种水稻田套养泥鳅的方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)选择水稻田,在水稻田四周开挖养殖沟槽,所述养殖沟槽相通,在养殖沟槽底部和两侧壁上均铺设防逃膜,然后再防逃膜上铺设厚度为8cm的池塘淤泥,并在养殖沟槽上方铺设防鸟网;
(2)在养殖沟槽外侧开挖引水沟槽,引水沟槽设有进水口、排水口和溢水口,引水沟槽和养殖沟槽之间开设有连通沟;
(3)6月-7月农忙季节,在稻田插秧,然后注水至水位10cm;并在水稻田中按照每亩田45kg的量堆积发酵腐熟牛粪;
(4)待水稻返青后每亩稻田施用25kg的生石灰、漂白粉0.5kg,兑水搅拌均匀后喷洒入稻田中,7天后将体长3cm的泥鳅投入到养殖沟槽中,养殖密度为每亩稻田25kg;
(5)在泥鳅放养3天内不用投喂饲料,让泥鳅适应环境,从第4天开始投喂饲料,每天进行早中晚三次定量定时的泥鳅专用饲料投喂;
(6)每7天进行水质更换,每次换水量为稻田水量的20%,每次换水时加入5mg/L浓度的生石灰消毒,每隔10天投喂药饵两次,每亩投喂3kg,同时检测控制水位;
(7)水稻田中泥鳅进行捕捞和水稻收割。
所述步骤(1)中养殖沟槽的宽度为2m,深度为1.2m,所述的养殖沟槽分布在稻田的四周内侧。
所述的步骤(2)中的引水沟槽宽度为1m,位于田埂内侧0.6m,深度为0.4m,所述的进水口设置在田埂上,出水口设置在于进水口相对侧的田埂上。
所述步骤(3)中腐熟牛粪包括牛粪和稻草秸秆,牛粪和稻草秸秆的比重为2:3。
所述步骤(4)中泥鳅苗放养前用中药水浸泡消毒2min,并用3%的食盐水浸泡4min,在盐水中翻滚、蹦跳严重的应剔除。
优选地,所述的中药水包括以下重量份的组分:枸杞子8份、黄芪10份、茯苓6份、鱼腥草12份、熟地黄8份;粉碎后混合加入5倍的水煎煮而成。
所述的步骤(5)中定量投喂为3月龄时为泥鳅体重的1.5%;4-6月龄为泥鳅体重的3.5%;7-8月龄为泥鳅体重的10%;9-10月龄为泥鳅体重的4%;定时为早上7点;中午11,晚上5点。
所述步骤(5)中泥鳅专用饲料包括以下重量份的组分:玉米粉60份、豆腐渣30份、红曲米3份、鱼粉20份、蚯蚓粉9份、磷脂油2份、贝壳粉5份。
所述步骤(6)中药饵包括以下重量份的组分:发酵豆粕20份、麦麸15份、鱼骨粉15份、红虫粉30份、土霉素0.2份。
实施例2
一种水稻田套养泥鳅的方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)选择水稻田,在水稻田四周开挖养殖沟槽,所述养殖沟槽相通,在养殖沟槽底部和两侧壁上均铺设防逃膜,然后再防逃膜上铺设厚度为10cm的池塘淤泥,并在养殖沟槽上方铺设防鸟网;
(2)在养殖沟槽外侧开挖引水沟槽,引水沟槽设有进水口、排水口和溢水口,引水沟槽和养殖沟槽之间开设有连通沟;
(3)6月-7月农忙季节,在稻田插秧,然后注水至水位15cm;并在水稻田中按照每亩田55kg的量堆积发酵腐熟牛粪;
(4)待水稻返青后每亩稻田施用35kg的生石灰、漂白粉1.5kg,兑水搅拌均匀后喷洒入稻田中,10天后将体长4cm的泥鳅投入到养殖沟槽中,养殖密度为每亩稻田35kg;
(5)在泥鳅放养3天内不用投喂饲料,让泥鳅适应环境,从第4天开始投喂饲料,每天进行早中晚三次定量定时的泥鳅专用饲料投喂;
(6)每10天进行水质更换,每次换水量为稻田水量的30%,每次换水时加入8mg/L浓度的生石灰消毒,每隔15天投喂药饵两次,每亩投喂4kg,同时检测控制水位;
(7)水稻田中泥鳅进行捕捞和水稻收割。
所述步骤(1)中养殖沟槽的宽度为4m,深度为1.6m,所述的养殖沟槽分布在稻田的四周内侧。
所述的步骤(2)中的引水沟槽宽度为2m,位于田埂内侧0.8m,深度为0.6m,所述的进水口设置在田埂上,出水口设置在于进水口相对侧的田埂上。
所述步骤(3)中腐熟牛粪包括牛粪和稻草秸秆,牛粪和稻草秸秆的比重为2:3。
所述步骤(4)中泥鳅苗放养前用中药水浸泡消毒3min,并用5%的食盐水浸泡6min,在盐水中翻滚、蹦跳严重的应剔除。
所述的中药水包括以下重量份的组分:枸杞子12份、黄芪18份、茯苓8份、鱼腥草18份、熟地黄12份;粉碎后混合加入10倍的水煎煮而成。
所述的步骤(5)中定量投喂为3月龄时为泥鳅体重的2%;4-6月龄为泥鳅体重的4.5%;7-8月龄为泥鳅体重的14%;9-10月龄为泥鳅体重的4.5%;定时为早上8点;中午12点,晚上6点。
所述步骤(5)中泥鳅专用饲料包括以下重量份的组分:玉米粉80份、豆腐渣40份、红曲米5份、鱼粉30份、蚯蚓粉15份、磷脂油4份、贝壳粉10份。
所述步骤(6)中药饵包括以下重量份的组分:发酵豆粕30份、麦麸25份、鱼骨粉20份、红虫粉40份、土霉素0.4份。
实施例3
一种水稻田套养泥鳅的方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)选择水稻田,在水稻田四周开挖养殖沟槽,所述养殖沟槽相通,在养殖沟槽底部和两侧壁上均铺设防逃膜,然后再防逃膜上铺设厚度为9cm的池塘淤泥,并在养殖沟槽上方铺设防鸟网;
(2)在养殖沟槽外侧开挖引水沟槽,引水沟槽设有进水口、排水口和溢水口,引水沟槽和养殖沟槽之间开设有连通沟;
(3)6月中旬农忙季节,在稻田插秧,然后注水至水位12cm;并在水稻田中按照每亩田50kg的量堆积发酵腐熟牛粪;
(4)待水稻返青后每亩稻田施用30kg的生石灰、漂白粉1kg,兑水搅拌均匀后喷洒入稻田中,8天后将体长4cm的泥鳅投入到养殖沟槽中,养殖密度为每亩稻田30kg;
(5)在泥鳅放养3天内不用投喂饲料,让泥鳅适应环境,从第4天开始投喂饲料,每天进行早中晚三次定量定时的泥鳅专用饲料投喂;
(6)每8天进行水质更换,每次换水量为稻田水量的25%,每次换水时加入6mg/L浓度的生石灰消毒,每隔12天投喂药饵两次,每亩投喂3.5kg,同时检测控制水位;
(7)水稻田中泥鳅进行捕捞和水稻收割。
所述步骤(1)中养殖沟槽的宽度为3m,深度为1.4m,所述的养殖沟槽分布在稻田的四周内侧。
所述的步骤(2)中的引水沟槽宽度为1.5m,位于田埂内侧0.7m,深度为0.5m,所述的进水口设置在田埂上,出水口设置在于进水口相对侧的田埂上。
所述步骤(3)中腐熟牛粪包括牛粪和稻草秸秆,牛粪和稻草秸秆的比重为2:3。
所述步骤(4)中泥鳅苗放养前用中药水浸泡消毒2.5min,并用4%的食盐水浸泡5min,在盐水中翻滚、蹦跳严重的应剔除。
所述的中药水包括以下重量份的组分:枸杞子10份、黄芪14份、茯苓7份、鱼腥草15份、熟地黄10份;粉碎后混合加入8倍的水煎煮而成。
所述的步骤(5)中定量投喂为3月龄时为泥鳅体重的1.8%;4-6月龄为泥鳅体重的4%;7-8月龄为泥鳅体重的12%;9-10月龄为泥鳅体重的4.2%;定时为早上7点半;中午11点半,晚上5点半。
所述步骤(5)中泥鳅专用饲料包括以下重量份的组分:玉米粉70份、豆腐渣35份、红曲米4份、鱼粉25份、蚯蚓粉12份、磷脂油3份、贝壳粉8份。
所述步骤(6)中药饵包括以下重量份的组分:发酵豆粕25份、麦麸20份、鱼骨粉18份、红虫粉35份、土霉素0.3份。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式,应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明原理的前提下,还可以做出若干改进,这些改进也应视为本发明的保护范围。
Claims (9)
1.一种水稻田套养泥鳅的方法,其特征在于:包括以下步骤:包括以下步骤:
(1)选择水稻田,在水稻田四周开挖养殖沟槽,所述养殖沟槽相通,在养殖沟槽底部和两侧壁上均铺设防逃膜,然后再防逃膜上铺设厚度为8-10cm的池塘淤泥,并在养殖沟槽上方铺设防鸟网;
(2)在养殖沟槽外侧开挖引水沟槽,引水沟槽设有进水口、排水口和溢水口,引水沟槽和养殖沟槽之间开设有连通沟;
(3)6月-7月农忙季节,在稻田插秧,然后注水至水位10-15cm;并在水稻田中按照每亩田45-55kg的量堆积发酵腐熟牛粪;
(4)待水稻返青后每亩稻田施用25-35kg的生石灰、漂白粉0.5-1.5kg,兑水搅拌均匀后喷洒入稻田中,7-10天后将体长3-4cm的泥鳅投入到养殖沟槽中,养殖密度为每亩稻田25-35kg;
(5)在泥鳅放养3天内不用投喂饲料,让泥鳅适应环境,从第4天开始投喂饲料,每天进行早中晚三次定量定时的泥鳅专用饲料投喂;
(6)每7-10天进行水质更换,每次换水量为稻田水量的20-30%,每次换水时加入5-8mg/L浓度的生石灰消毒,每隔10-15天投喂药饵两次,每亩投喂3-4kg,同时控制水位;
(7)水稻田中泥鳅进行捕捞和水稻收割。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种水稻田套养泥鳅的方法,其特征在于:所述步骤(1)中养殖沟槽的宽度为2-4m,深度为1.2-1.6m,所述的养殖沟槽分布在稻田的四周内侧。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种水稻田套养泥鳅的方法,其特征在于:所述的步骤(2)中的引水沟槽宽度为1-2m,位于田埂内侧0.6-0.8m,深度为0.4-0.6m,所述的进水口设置在田埂上,出水口设置在于进水口相对侧的田埂上。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种水稻田套养泥鳅的方法,其特征在于:所述步骤(3)中腐熟牛粪包括牛粪和稻草秸秆,牛粪和稻草秸秆的比重为2:3。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种水稻田套养泥鳅的方法,其特征在于:所述步骤(4)中泥鳅苗放养前用中药水浸泡消毒2-3min,并用3-5%的食盐水浸泡4-6min,在盐水中翻滚、蹦跳严重的应剔除。
6.根据权利要求5所述的一种水稻田套养泥鳅的方法,其特征在于:所述的中药水包括以下重量份的组分:枸杞子8-12份、黄芪10-18份、茯苓6-8份、鱼腥草12-18份、熟地黄8-12份;粉碎后混合加入5-10倍的水煎煮而成。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种水稻田套养泥鳅的方法,其特征在于:所述的步骤(5)中定量投喂为3月龄时为泥鳅体重的1.5%-2%;4-6月龄为泥鳅体重的3.5%-4.5%;7-8月龄为泥鳅体重的10%-14%;9-10月龄为泥鳅体重的4%-4.5%;定时为早上7点-8点;中午11-12点,晚上5点-6点。
8.根据权利要求1所述的一种水稻田套养泥鳅的方法,其特征在于:所述步骤(5)中泥鳅专用饲料包括以下重量份的组分:玉米粉60-80份、豆腐渣30-40份、红曲米3-5份、鱼粉20-30份、蚯蚓粉9-15份、磷脂油2-4份、贝壳粉5-10份。
9.根据权利要求1所述的一种水稻田套养泥鳅的方法,其特征在于:所述步骤(6)中药饵包括以下重量份的组分:发酵豆粕20-30份、麦麸15-25份、鱼骨粉15-20份、红虫粉30-40份、土霉素0.2-0.4份。
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CN107960349A (zh) * | 2017-11-02 | 2018-04-27 | 桂林市味美园餐饮管理有限公司 | 一种泥鳅的养殖方法 |
CN107996878A (zh) * | 2017-12-10 | 2018-05-08 | 代秀汉 | 一种池塘喂养泥鳅饲料及其喂养方法 |
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