CN107257832A - 桥带以及用于密封机动车体的塑料部件或金属板中的孔的方法 - Google Patents

桥带以及用于密封机动车体的塑料部件或金属板中的孔的方法 Download PDF

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CN107257832A
CN107257832A CN201680011632.5A CN201680011632A CN107257832A CN 107257832 A CN107257832 A CN 107257832A CN 201680011632 A CN201680011632 A CN 201680011632A CN 107257832 A CN107257832 A CN 107257832A
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hole
bridge
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bridge band
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R.法伦
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Tesa SE
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Abstract

包括可热发泡的成分的桥带，其可用于将涂布材料通过带中的孔施加至带下的基底，之后所述孔可通过如下密封：加热以引起可发泡成分发泡并且使泡沫体膨胀以密封孔。所述桥带包括在具有胶粘剂涂层的背衬材料(优选地布带)上的可发泡成分。在优选的实施方式中，模切的片具有多个穿过所述模切的片的孔。

Description

桥带以及用于密封机动车体的塑料部件或金属板中的孔的 方法
本发明涉及桥带(bridge tape)以及所述桥带用于在机动车体的塑料部件或金属板的所谓电涂布(电泳涂布，e-coating)之前或之后永久性密封开口(例如孔，特别地在机动车体的塑料部件或金属板中的孔)的用途。
在现有技术中，机动车车辆的OEM(原始设备制造商)需要密封车辆中的开口例如孔和接缝，以防止各种环境成分(例如水、灰尘等)进入开口，从而有助于避免腐蚀和噪音。对于大多数应用，使用油灰、可泵送材料、塞子、丁基或其它类型的密封片(贴片，patch)。然而，这些材料的大多数必须在电涂布之后施加，以在根据需要密封腔体之前容许内部腔体被涂布。
用于该目的的一些材料将在例如机动车体通过涂漆干燥炉作为机动车体的最后加工的一部分时收缩，并且这样的收缩可产生进入先前密封的开口的泄漏。
此外，需要密封的一些开口处于车辆已焊接在一起之后不可接近的区域中。
本发明的目的为通过如下克服上述困难：提供可在电涂布之前或之后施用至这样的开口的密封剂带，这将容许即使在密封剂带已经施用在开口上之后也能电涂布开口内的腔体，随后对于这样的开口提供有效的密封。
根据本发明，提供桥带，其可被模切以形成适当尺寸的片来覆盖这样的开口，并且如果在电涂布金属板或塑料部件之前施用，则其容许电涂布流体通过所述片并进入腔体，而且过量的电涂布流体也可通过其从所述腔体排出。
本发明的桥带由以下构造：具有胶粘剂涂层或随后是双面胶带(即“转移带”)的织物背衬、具有胶粘剂层或胶粘促进剂层的可发泡成分(组合物)的层。所述带穿有多个孔，以容许电涂布流体通过孔(如果将在电涂布之前施加该带)。
当将桥带的片施用在金属板或塑料部件中的开口上时，电涂布流体可通过所述片中的孔并且进入开口之下的腔体中。
当经如此处理的金属板或塑料部件经受热处理(例如在电涂层或涂漆的炉干燥期间发生)时，可发泡成分发泡并且膨胀以封闭片中的所有孔(如果存在)以及在所述带/片的所有边缘上膨胀以密封边缘并且将模切的片粘合至金属板基底或塑料部件的主体。
以类似的方式，可将桥带片施用于金属板或塑料基底中的空隙，然后热处理以使泡沫体膨胀并且密封空隙。
附图说明
以下附图中说明了本发明的桥带的几个实施方案的构造，其中
图1说明具有以下层的本发明的桥带的截面的侧视图：
层1为泡沫可发泡成分的层，
层2为粘附促进剂的层，
层3为双面带，
层4为胶粘剂涂布的织物衬垫，和
层5为在胶粘剂涂布的织物衬垫上的剥离衬垫。
图2说明本发明的桥带的替代实施方案，其中：
层6为可发泡成分的层，
层7为背衬材料(例如胶粘剂涂布的织物衬垫)的层，和
层8为在织物衬垫的胶粘剂涂布侧上的剥离衬垫。
图3说明图2的桥带片(在已经将孔(9)冲压在其中之后)的顶视图，
图4说明图3的桥带片(在其经受热处理以引起可发泡成分发泡和使泡沫体膨胀以密封孔之后)，经密封的孔以轮廓(10)示出。
具体说明
如图1中所示，桥带由如下形成：粘附至背衬材料(例如具有胶粘剂涂层或转移带的层的布衬垫)的可发泡成分的层，以及在胶粘剂涂层或转移带上的剥离衬垫。
作为用于本发明的桥带的背衬材料，可使用所有已知的织品背衬，例如织造物、针织物或非织造幅面；术语“非织造幅面”包括至少织品片状结构以及缝合的非织造物和类似的体系。同样可使用具有叠层结构(lamination)的间隔(spacer)织物(包括织造物和针织物)。
优选的背衬材料包括织造棉织物，典型地具有在140至160的范围内、优选地148的网目数(意味着74的经纱数和74的纬纱数)。
进一步优选地，纬纱数为70至80和/或经纱数为70至80。
作为背衬上的胶粘剂，原则上可选择各种聚合物体系(如果其胶粘性质和温度稳定性符合要求)，其中天然橡胶或合成橡胶以及丙烯酸酯体系已被证明是特别有利的。进一步优选地，对钢的粘结强度为至少5N/25mm。
合适的胶粘剂是基于丙烯酸酯热熔体的胶粘剂，其具有至少20、特别地大于30的K值(在每种情况下以在甲苯中的1重量％浓度的溶液测量，25℃)，能通过如下获得：浓缩这样的胶粘剂的溶液以得到可作为热熔体加工的体系。
也可使用包括天然橡胶或者合成橡胶或者天然橡胶和/或合成橡胶的任何所需的共混物的胶粘剂，原则上可选择来自所有可用等级的天然橡胶，例如绉纱、RSS、ADS、TSR或CV等级，取决于所需的纯度和粘度水平，并且可选择来自如下的组的合成橡胶：无规共聚的苯乙烯-丁二烯橡胶(SBR)的合成橡胶、丁二烯橡胶(BR)、合成的聚异戊二烯(IR)、丁基橡胶(IIR)、卤化的丁基橡胶(XIIR)、丙烯酸酯橡胶(ACM)、乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯(EVA)共聚物和聚氨酯和/或其共混物。
进一步优选地，为了提高加工性质，可以10重量％至50重量％的重量分数将热塑性弹性体添加至橡胶，基于总弹性体分数。
作为代表，在这点上特别地可提及：尤其相容的苯乙烯-异戊二烯-苯乙烯(SIS)和苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯(SBS)产品。
可使用的增粘树脂无一例外地包括已知的并且已在文献中描述的所有增粘剂树脂。作为代表可提及：松香，其歧化、氢化、聚合和酯化的衍生物和盐，脂族和芳族烃树脂，萜烯树脂和萜烯-酚醛树脂。可使用这些和其它树脂的任何所需的组合，以根据需要调节所得胶粘剂的性质。可明确地参考在Donatas Satas的“Handbook of Pressure SensitiveAdhesive Technology”(van Nostrand，1989)中对现有技术的描述。
可热活化的胶粘剂片材可用于背衬层上的胶粘剂层。这样的可热活化的胶粘剂片材优选地具有以下组成：i)聚合物，具有至少30重量％的分数，可热活化的胶粘剂片材的第一部分特别优选地基于反应性聚氨酯、聚酰胺、腈橡胶与反应性酚醛树脂或反应性环氧树脂，和/或第二部分基于热塑性、非反应性聚酰胺或环氧化物，ii)一种或多种增粘树脂，具有5重量％至50重量％的分数，和/或iii)具有硬化剂和促进剂(如果需要)的环氧树脂，具有5重量％至40重量％的分数。
胶粘剂片材优选地具有10至500μm的厚度。
通过改变原料的类型和比例可广泛地变化用于胶粘剂片材的组合物。也可通过选择性添加染料、矿物和/或有机填料(例如二氧化硅)、和/或碳粉末和/或金属粉末而获得另外的产品性质，例如颜色、导热性或电导率。
可发泡层优选地由可发泡聚氨酯成分或EVA(乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯)与起泡剂形成，其在膨胀之前具有约1.5至约4mm的层厚并且包括发泡剂。特别优选的可膨胀泡沫体为由乙烯共聚物形成并且可以产品名称NB169P041得自ND Industries,Inc.的那种。
将这些材料层合在一起以形成本发明的桥带。一旦形成，将桥带模切至对于特定用途需要的尺寸，并且如必要，冲孔通过它。
图2说明本发明的桥带的另外的实施方案，其中可发泡成分(6)已经被直接挤出至背衬层(7)(例如具有剥离衬垫(8)的胶粘剂涂布的织物)上。

Claims (7)

1.桥带，其包括在具有胶粘剂涂层的背衬材料上的可发泡成分。
2.权利要求1的桥带，其为模切的片的形式。
3.权利要求2的桥带片，其具有多个穿过所述模切的片的孔。
4.权利要求1的桥带，其中背衬材料是布带，其在与具有可发泡成分的侧相对的侧上具有胶粘剂。
5.权利要求4的桥带，其在布带和可发泡成分之间具有胶粘剂涂层或双面胶带。
6.权利要求4的桥带，其具有剥离衬垫，所述剥离衬垫覆盖在与具有可发泡成分的侧相对的侧上的胶粘剂。
7.将液体涂布材料施加至基底中的开口内的腔体并且然后密封所述开口的方法，所述方法包括：用权利要求3的桥带片覆盖开口，将所述液体涂布材料施加至片并且通过片中的孔并进入腔体中，并且加热片以引起可发泡成分发泡和使泡沫体膨胀以密封穿过片的孔。
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