CN107255287B - 一种高含水率含油污泥的高效综合利用方法 - Google Patents
一种高含水率含油污泥的高效综合利用方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN107255287B CN107255287B CN201710567452.1A CN201710567452A CN107255287B CN 107255287 B CN107255287 B CN 107255287B CN 201710567452 A CN201710567452 A CN 201710567452A CN 107255287 B CN107255287 B CN 107255287B
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- Prior art keywords
- oil
- flue gas
- oily sludge
- incineration
- mixture
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- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon monoxide Chemical compound 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[O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 74
- 239000003921 oils Substances 0.000 claims description 52
- 239000003546 flue gases Substances 0.000 claims description 50
- 239000000203 mixtures Substances 0.000 claims description 50
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 claims description 49
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000000463 materials Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000011901 water Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon Chemical compound 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[C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000007789 gases Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000011257 shell materials Substances 0.000 claims description 12
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
- F23G7/001—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals for sludges or waste products from water treatment installations
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G1/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
Abstract
本发明属于固废无害化资源综合利用处理技术领域，具体涉及一种高含水率含油污泥的高效综合利用方法，所述方法无需脱水预处理，能够直接处理含水率高达40％‑90％的含油污泥，且能够回收含油污泥中的原油，提高了油泥处理的经济效益；此外，所述方法能够循环利用热能，大大降低了处理成本，且不产生二次污染，能够实现含油污泥的高效、综合利用、清洁化处理。
Description
一种高含水率含油污泥的高效综合利用方法
技术领域
[0001]本发明属于固废无害化资源综合利用处理技术领域，具体涉及一种高含水率含油 污泥的高效综合利用方法。
背景技术
[0002]含油污泥，简称油泥，是石油开采、运输、炼制和含油污水处理过程中产生的固体 废物，其中，炼油厂污水处理场产生的油泥主要来源于隔油池底泥、浮选池浮渣、原油罐底 泥等，俗称“三泥”，这些油泥组成各异，通常含油率在i〇 %〜50 %之间，含水率在40 %〜 90%之间，含水率高，又极难脱水，导致“三泥”处理难度很大。
[0003]目前，我国的石化企业每年都有大量的含油污泥产生，由于缺乏适当的处理技术， 对“三泥”的处理一般为浓缩-沉降后转移到农村，不仅造成了二次污染，而且使得含油污泥 中的石油资源无法得到有效利用，造成了一定的经济损失。目前处理含油污泥的方法主要 有溶剂萃取法、焚烧法、生物处理法和焦化法等，其中，溶剂萃取法处理时间长、处理成本 高，技术不够成熟，且仅适用于含油量较高的含油污泥，性价比较低;生物处理法一般周期 较长，且不能回收原油，造成石油资源的浪费;焦化法涉及焦化装置的改造比较复杂，成本 高，且处理量少；目前的焚烧法无法直接处理高含水率的含油污泥，都需要脱水等预处理步 骤，增加了处理工序和成本，且由于“三泥”含油量低，焚烧时必须另外添加燃料油才能完成 焚烧过程，大大增加了炼油厂的能耗，如国内炼油厂每焚烧经脱水后含水率仍为75-85%的 “三泥”20-24吨，须添加1吨柴油做能源，过高的能耗使得炼油厂无法长期维持运行，目前国 内许多厂家的焚烧炉均处于闲置状态，此外，焚烧还存在热量回收率低，空气二次污染严重 等缺陷。
[0004]因此，研宄一种高效、绿色、综合利用处理高含水率含油污泥的方法，具有重要的 环保意义和经济效益。
发明内容
[0005]本发明的目的是提供一种高含水率含油污泥的高效综合利用方法，所述方法无需 脱水预处理，能够直接处理含水率高达40%-9〇%的含油污泥，且能够回收含油污泥中的原 油，提高了油泥处理的经济效益;此外，所述方法能够循环利用热能，大大降低了处理成本， 且不产生二次污染，能够实现含油污泥的高效、综合利用、清洁化处理。
[0006]为实现上述发明目的，本发明提供以下技术方案：
[0007] —种高含水率含油污泥的高效综合利用方法，包括以下步骤：
[0008]步骤1:将含水率为40 %_9〇 %的含油污泥与农作物粉碎物料、生石灰、生物质炭、 调质剂按质量比6〇_8〇: 5_10:3_5:0-10:2-10的比例混合制得混合物，所述的农作物粉碎物 料选自粒径为2-8mm的糠壳、秸秆和玉米芯等，所述的生物质炭粒径为，发热量为 4500-6500大卡，所述的调质剂为表面活性剂； ’ ^
[0009]步骤2:将步骤1所得的混合物送入负压循环蓄热回收系统的焚烧装置中，所述混 合物的厚度为350_7〇0麵，混合的行进速度〇-〇 • 2m/s，所述负压循环蓄热回收系统包括混合 装置(1)、焚烧装置⑵，抽风装置(3)、烟气循环装置⑷、油水收集装置(5)、传送装置⑹和 烟气净化装置(7)，其特征在于：
[0010]所述混合装置（1)包括多个料仓（11)、计量称（12)、混合搅拌装置（13)，所述料仓 (11)的出料口对准计量称（12)的称量盘，所述计量称（12)的称量盘与混合搅拌装置（13)的 进料口对应，料仓(11)内的农作物粉碎物料、生石灰、生物质炭和调质剂经计量称（12)称量 后，送入混合搅拌装置（1¾内与高含水率含油污泥混合搅拌得到步骤丨所述的混合物，混合 搅拌装置(13)的出料口连接传送装置(6)，经传送装置(6)送入焚烧装置(2)中；
[0011]所述焚烧装置(2)由前至后依次包括布料段(20)、干燥段(21)、点火段(22)、焚烧 段(23)和冷却段(M)，所述布料段(2〇)设有物料打散器(25)，所述干燥段(21)的长度为1 -6m，点火段(22)的长度为l-3m，点火温度为85〇°C-105(TC，既能够避免混合物无法点燃的缺 陷，又能够避免温度过高引起的能耗高、混合物表层熔融影响透气性的缺陷，焚烧段(23)的 长度为4-2〇m，焚烧段温度为ll〇(TC，能够保证有害物质能得到充分的焚烧，所述干燥段 (21)和点火段(22)的上方设有从前至后由低到高的预热罩(26)，与点火段(22)位置对应的 预热罩上设有废气进口（2乃和燃料喷嘴(％)，形成二燃室，既对物料进行干燥预热，又将废 气进行深度处理，所述千燥段(21)、点火段(22)、焚烧段(23)和冷却段(24)的下方与抽风装 置⑶密封连接，所述焚烧段(2¾的上方与烟气循环系统⑷密封连接，步骤1所得混合物的 上部在点火段(22)点火后，在抽风装置(3)产生的负压作用下，火从混合物上部开始向下燃 烧，上部燃烧产生的高温蒸汽一方面对下部物料进行烘干和预热，另一方面将下部物料中 的水和油分带走，带出的油水混合物在重力作用下从底部流出进入油水收集装置(5);
[0012]所述抽风装置⑶包括多个抽风罩(31)、每个抽风罩(31)连接一套由抽风管(32) 和抽风机(33)组成的抽风管路，所述抽风管(32)和抽风机(33)之间设有油水收集装置(5)， 与所述干燥段（21)下方连通的抽风管路的尾端与烟气净化装置（7)连通，与所述点火段 (2¾和焚烧段(23)下方连通的抽风管路的尾端与烟气循环装置(4)连通，与焚烧段(23)下 方连通的最后一级抽风管路的出口与预热罩(26)的废气进口（27)连通，与冷却段(24)下方 连通的抽风管路与机尾除尘装置连通；
[0013]所述的烟气循环装置(4)包括多个烟气罩(41)，每个烟气罩(41)上均设有废气入 口（42)和新风配入口（43)，所述烟气罩(41)的废气入口（42)与上一级抽风管路的尾端连 通，混合物料中的有害物质在高温焚烧中分解形成的烟气，经抽风罩(31)进入抽风管(32)， 在油水收集装置(5)中进行烟气油水分离收集后，剩余烟气通过抽风机(33)送至下一级烟 气罩(41)，完成对后段混合物料的干燥和预热，带出的油水混合物在重力作用下从底部流 出进入油水收集装置(5)，与焚烧段(23)下方连通的最后一级抽风管路中的烟气通过废气 进口（27)进入预热罩(26)后，在二燃室进行二次燃烧，深度处理后进入烟气净化装置(7); [0014]所述油水收集装置(5)包括上部呈圆柱状，下部呈倒圆锥状的旋风式除油器(51)， 所述旋风式除油器(51)的内部设有螺旋刮油板(52)、外壁设有与抽风管(32)的尾端连通的 烟气进口（53)、顶部设有与烟气罩(41)的废气入口（42)连通的烟气出口（54)，底部与油水 收集器(55)连通，烟气和含油液滴经抽风管进入油水收集装置(5)后，含有液滴经螺旋刮油 板(52)与烟气分离，进入油水收集器（55)，剩余烟气经烟气出口（54)进入下一级烟气罩 (41)，实现石油的回收利用；
[0015] 所述烟气净化装置⑺的出气管经过抽风机连接至烟囱，将净化达标的废气排出。
[0016] 根据本发明所述的方法，步骤1中所述的农作物粉碎物料为粒径为2-8mra的糠壳， 且污泥、糠壳、生石灰、生物质炭和调质剂的质量比为60-75:6-10:3-5:2-8:5-10。
[0017] 本发明人发现，含油污泥、农作物粉碎物料、生石灰、生物质炭、调质剂五者的比例 对混合物的焚烧效果影响较大，当上述五者按质量比60-80:5-10:3-5:0-10:2-10的比例， 尤其是按质量比60-75:6-10:3-5:2-8:5-10的比例混合时，得到的混合物透气性好、热值水 平适当、焚烧速度适宜，燃烧充分，同时又能为含油液滴提供下流的通道。
[0018] 此外，农作物粉碎物料和生物质炭粒的粒径也对混合物的性质影响很大，当农作 物粉碎物料粒径或生物质炭粒粒径超过8mm时，制得的混合物透气性过好，焚烧速度过快， 燃烧不充分；当农作物粉碎物料粒径小于2mm或生物质炭粒粒径小于1mm时，制得的混合物 透气性差，风机负荷过大，焚烧不充分，且无法提供足够的油滴下流通道;本发明人通过大 量的试验发现，当农作物粉碎物料粒径为2-8mm或生物质炭粒粒径为l-8mm时，既能保证制 得的混合物的透气性，燃烧充分，又能为含油液滴提供足够的下流通道。
[0019] 根据本发明所述的方法，步骤2中所述的混合物厚度为500-700mm。
[0020] 本发明人还发现，混合物送入负压循环蓄热回收系统的焚烧装置时，厚度和行进 速度对焚烧效果也有很大影响，当厚度超过700_或行进速度超过〇. 2m/s时，混合物的透气 性不够，无法焚烧充分，影响焚烧效果;若厚度低于350mm时，混合物的蓄热效果差，焚烧温 度较低，无法充分分离出含油污泥中的石油，石油回收率低；只有控制混合物的厚度为350-700mm，且行进速度为0-0.2m/s时，既能保证混合物焚烧充分，又能有效回收混合物中的石 油，提高了固废处理的经济效益和处理效率，同时能够确保系统的稳定运行。
[0021] 根据本发明所述的方法，步骤2中所述的烟气装置(4)的新风配入口上设有进风管 调节阀，通过控制其开度控制新风的配入量。
[0022] 本发明的方法，利用负压循环蓄热焚烧装置的特点，添加一定的辅助物料，来实现 对含油污泥的处置，其特点是能够在对含油污泥中的有害物质进行焚烧处理的同时，利用 焚烧装置边焚烧边预热的特点，将污泥中的油类提取出来，实现对油类物质的回收利用，具 体优势如下：
[0023] 1、采用负压循环蓄热回收技术，有效利用上层物料焚烧产生的高温蒸汽对下部物 料进行烘干和预热，由于下部物料为湿物料，在上部产生的热蒸汽作用下，将混合料中的水 和油分带走，油水混合蒸汽遇到冷物料凝结成油水液滴，烟气的高温同时也可以降低粘度、 增加重油的流动性，液滴从底部流出，进行统一收集，大幅降低能耗和处理成本；
[0024] 2、能对高含水率含油污泥直接进行处理，解决了目前高含水率含油污泥的处置难 题；
[0025] 3、焚烧产生的烟气一方面通过抽风装置和烟气装置循环利用热能，一方面在抽风 装置和烟气装置的密封管路中运行，最终在二燃室深度处理后进入烟气净化装置，不产生 二次污染，能实现清洁化生产；
[0026] 4、采用了烟气多级循环二次燃烧技术，气体中的有害成分得到有效处理，同时燃 烧过程中废气的含氧量得到有效利用，因此大幅减少新进风量，进而大量减少烟气排放总 量，与一般焚烧方式烟气排放总量相比可减少6〇%以上；
[0027] 5、排放的水、气、渣均达到国家标准；
[0028] 6、污泥减量化、无害化、资源化程度高，效果明显；
[0029] 7、含油污泥的原油可进行回收；
[0030] 8、处理后的残渣达标后，可进行油井回填。
附图说明
[0031] 图1是本发明负压循环蓄热回收系统的结构示意图；
[0032] 图2是本发明负压循环蓄热回收系统混合装置的结构示意图；
[0033]图3是本发明负压循环蓄热回收系统焚烧装置、抽风装置、烟气循环装置、油水收 集装置和烟气净化装置的的结构示意图；
[0034]图4是本发明负压循环蓄热回收系统旋风式除油器的结构示意图；
[0035]图5是本发明的混合物焚烧原理示意图；
[0036]图6是本发明的方法流程图；
[0037]图中，
[0038] 1 —混合装置，11 —料仓，12 —计量称，13 —混合搅拌罐；
[0039] 2—焚烧装置，20—布料段，21—干燥段，22—点火段，23 —焚烧段，24 —冷却段， 25—物料打散器，26—预热罩，27—废气进口，28 —燃料喷嘴；
[0040] 3-抽风装置，31-抽风罩，32 —抽风管，33 —抽风机；
[0041] 4—烟气循环装置，41 —烟气罩，42—废气入口，43—新风配入口；
[0042] 5—油水收集装置，51—旋风式除油器，52 —螺旋刮油板，53—烟气进口，54—烟气 出口，55 —油水收集器；
[0043] 6—传送装置；
[0044] 7—烟气净化装置。
具体实施方式
[0045]实施例1负压循环蓄热回收系统
[0046]如图1-6所示，本发明的负压循环蓄热回收系统包括混合装置丨、焚烧装置2,抽风 装置3、烟气循环装置4、油水收集装置5、传送装置6和烟气净化装置7,所述混合装置1包括 多个料仓11、计量称12、混合搅拌装置13，所述料仓11的出料口对准计量称i 2的称量盘，所 述计量称12的称量盘与混合搅拌装置13的进料口对应，料仓11内的农作物粉碎物料、生石 灰、生物质炭和调质剂经计量称12称量后，送入混合搅拌装置13内与高含水率含油污泥混 合搅拌得到混合物，混合搅拌装置13的出料口连接传送装置6，经传送装置6送入焚烧装置2 中；
[0047]所述焚烧装置2由前至后依次包括布料段20、干燥段21、点火段22、焚烧段23和冷 却段24,所述布料段20设有物料打散器邪，所述干燥段21的长度为^伽，点火段22的长度 为l-em，点火温度为85(TC-l〇5(TC，既能够避免混合物无法点燃的缺陷，又能够避免温度过 高引起的能耗尚、混合物表层恪融影响透气性的缺陷，焚烧段23的长度为4-50m，焚烧段温 度为1100°C，能^保证有害物质能得到充分的焚烧，所述干燥段以和点火段22的上方设有 从前至后由低到高的预热罩26,与点火段22位置对应的预热罩上设有废气进口 27和燃料喷 嘴28，形成二燃室，既对物料进行干燥预热，又将废气进行深度处理，所述干燥段21、g火段 22、焚烧段23和冷却段奴的下方与抽风装置3密封连接，所述焚烧段23的上方与烟气循环系 统4密封连接，步骤1所得混合物的上部在点火段22点火后，在抽风装置3产生的负压作用 下，火从混合物上部开始向下燃烧，上部燃烧产生的高温蒸汽一方面对下部物料进行烘干 和预热，另一方面将下部物料中的水和油分带走，带出的油水混合物在重力作用下从底部 流出进入油水收集装置5;
[0048]所述抽风装置3包括多个抽风罩31、每个抽风罩31连接一套由抽风管32和抽风机 33组成的抽风管路，所述抽风管犯和抽风机33之间设有油水收集装置5,与所述干燥段21下 方连通的抽风管路的尾端与烟气净化装置7连通，与所述点火段22和焚烧段23下方连通的 抽风管路的尾端与烟气循环装置4连通，与焚烧段23下方连通的最后一级抽风管路的出口 与预热罩26的废气进口 27连通，与冷却段24下方连通的抽风管路与机尾除尘装置连通； [0049]所述的烟气循环装置4包括多个烟气罩41，每个烟气罩41上均设有废气入口 42和 新风配入口 43，所述烟气罩41的废气入口 42与上一级抽风管路的尾端连通，混合物料中的 有害物质在高温焚烧中分解形成的烟气，经抽风罩31进入抽风管32,在油水收集装置5中进 行烟气油水分离收集后，剩余烟气通过抽风机33送至下一级烟气罩41，完成对后段混合物 料的干燥和预热，实现了热能的传递，循环利用了热能，提高了经济效率，与焚烧段23下方 连通的最后一级抽风管路中的烟气通过废气进口 27进入预热罩26后，在二燃室进行二次燃 烧，深度处理后进入烟气净化装置7;
[0050]所述油水收集装置5包括上部呈圆柱状，下部呈倒圆锥状的旋风式除油器51，所述 旋风式除油器51的内部设有螺旋刮油板52、外壁设有与抽风管32的尾端连通的烟气进口 53、顶部设有与烟气罩41的废气入口 42连通的烟气出口 54,底部与油水收集器55连通，烟气 和含油液滴经抽风管进入油水收集装置5后，含有液滴经螺旋刮油板52与烟气分离，进入油 水收集器55，剩余烟气经烟气出口 54进入下一级烟气罩41，实现石油的回收利用；
[0051] 所述烟气净化装置7的出气管经过抽风机连接至烟囱，将净化达标的废气排出。 [0052]所述的烟气装置4的新风配入口上设有进风管调节阀，通过控制其开度控制新风 的配入量。
[0053]实施例2高含水率含油污泥的综合利用
[0054] 步骤1:将含水率为90%的含油污泥与糠壳、生石灰、生物质炭、氯化铁按质量比 70:5:6:10:9的比例混合制得混合物，所述糠壳的粒径为2mm，所述生物质炭粒径为5mm，发 热量为5000大卡；
[0055] 步骤2:将步骤1所得的混合物送入实施例1所述的负压循环蓄热回收系统的焚烧 装置中，所述混合物的厚度为500腕，混合物的行进速度〇.〇5m/s，点火焚烧，经烟气净化装 置7排出的废气满足欧盟2000标准。
[0056] 实施例3高含水率含油污泥的综合利用
[0057] 步骤1:将含水率为40%的含油污泥与糠壳、生石灰、生物质炭、氯化铁按质量比 80:8:5:3:4的比例混合制得混合物，所述糠壳的粒径为8mm，所述生物质炭粒径为8min，发热 量为4500大卡；
[0058] 步骤2:将步骤1所得的混合物送入实施例1所述的负压循环蓄热回收系统的焚烧 装置中，所述混合物的厚度为700mm，混合物的行进速度〇. lm/s，点火焚烧，经烟气净化装置 7排出的废气满足欧盟2〇〇〇标准。
[0059] 实施例4高含水率含油污泥的综合利用
[0060] 步骤1:将含水率为6〇%的含油污泥与糠壳、生石灰、生物质炭、氯化铁按质量比 60:10:10:10:10的比例混合制得混合物，所述糠壳的粒径为8謹，所述生物质炭粒径为8mm， 发热量为4500大卡；
[0061] 步骤2:将步骤1所得的混合物送入实施例1所述的负压循环蓄热回收系统的焚烧 装置中，所述混合物的厚度为7〇〇mm，混合物的行进速度〇 • 2m/s，点火焚烧，经烟气净化装置 7排出的废气满足欧盟2000标准。
Claims (5)
1.一种高含水率含油污泥的高效综合利用方法，包括以下步骤： 步骤1:将含水率为40%-90%的含油污泥与农作物粉碎物料、生石灰、生物质炭、调质 剂按质量比60-80 :5-10:3-5:0-10 : 2-10的比例混合制得混合物，所述的农作物粉碎 物料选自粒径为2-8mm的糠壳、秸秆或玉米芯，所述的生物质炭粒径为，发热量为 45004500大卡，所述的调质剂为表面活性剂氯化铁； 步骤2:将步骤1所得的混合物送入负压循环蓄热回收系统的焚烧装置中，所述混合 物的厚度为35〇-700mm，混合的行进速度〇-〇 • 2m/s，所述负压循环蓄热回收系统包括混合 装置(1)、焚烧装置(2)，抽风装置(3)、烟气循环装置(4)、油水收集装置(5)、传送装置(6)和 烟气净化装置(7);所述混合装置（1)包括多个料仓(1丨）、计量称（12)、混合搅拌罐（13)，所 述料仓（11)的出料口对准计量称（12)的称量盘，所述计量称（12)的称量盘与混合搅拌装置 (13)的进料口对应，料仓（11)内的农作物粉碎物料、生石灰、生物质炭和调质剂经计量称 (I2)称量后，送入混合搅拌装置（I3)内与高含水率含油污泥混合搅拌得到步骤1所述的 混合物，混合搅拌装置（13)的出料口连接传送装置(6)，经传送装置(6)送入焚烧装置(2) 中； 所述焚烧装置（2)由前至后依次包括布料段（20)、干燥段（21)、点火段（22)、焚烧段 (23)和冷却段(24)，所述布料段(20)设有物料打散器(25)，所述干燥段(21)的长度为1-2〇111，点火段(22)的长度为1-6111，点火温度为850。〇1050。〇，焚烧段(23)的长度为4-5〇111， 焚烧段温度为650-1100°C，所述干燥段m)和点火段(22)的上方设有从前至后由低到高 的预热罩(26)，与点火段(22)位置对应的预热罩上设有废气进口（27)和燃料喷嘴（28)，形 成二燃室，所述干燥段(21)、点火段(22)、焚烧段(23)和冷却段(24)的下方与抽风装置(3) 密封连接，所述焚烧段(23)的上方与烟气循环系统(4)密封连接，步骤1所得混合物的上 部在点火段(2¾点火后，在抽风装置(3)产生的负压作用下，火从混合物上部开始向下燃 烧，上部燃烧产生的高温蒸汽一方面对下部物料进行烘干和预热，另一方面将下部物料中 的水和油分带走，带出的油水混合物在重力作用下从底部流出进入油水收集装置(5); 所述抽风装置(3)包括多个抽风罩(31)、每个抽风罩(31)连接一套由抽风管(32)和抽 风机(33)组成的抽风管路，所述抽风管(3¾和抽风机(33)之间设有油水收集装置(5)，与所 述干燥段(21)下方连通的抽风管路的尾端与烟气净化装置(7)连通，与所述点火段(22)和 焚烧段(23)下方连通的抽风管路的尾端与烟气循环装置(4)连通，与焚烧段(23)下方连通 的最后一级抽风管路的出口与预热罩(26)的废气进口（27)连通，与冷却段(24)下方连通的 抽风管路与机尾除尘装置连通； 所述的烟气循环装置(4)包括多个烟气罩(41)，每个烟气罩(41)上均设有废气入口 (42)和新风配入口（43)，所述烟气罩(41)的废气入口（42)与上一级抽风管路的尾端连通， 混合物料中的有害物质在高温焚烧中分解形成的烟气，经抽风罩(31)进入抽风管(32)，在 油水收集装置(5)中进行烟气油水分离收集后，剩余烟气通过抽风机(33)送至下一级烟气 罩(41)，完成对后段混合物料的干燥和预热，与焚烧段(23)下方连通的最后一级抽风管路 中的烟气通过废气进口（27)进入预热罩(26)后，在二燃室进行二次燃烧，深度处理后进入 烟气净化装置(7); 所述烟气净化装置(7)的出气管经过抽风机连接至烟囱，将净化达标的废气排出。
2.如权利要求1所述的高含水率含油污泥的高效综合利用方法，其特征在于:步骤1 中所述的农作物粉碎物料为粒径为2-8mm的糠壳，且污泥、糠壳、生石灰、生物质炭和调质 剂的质量比为60-75 :6-10:3-5:2-8 : 5-10。
3.如权利要求1所述的高含水率含油污泥的高效综合利用方法，其特征在于:步骤2 中所述的混合物厚度为500-700mm。
4.如权利要求1所述的高含水率含油污泥的高效综合利用方法，其特征在于:步骤2 中所述的烟气循环装置(4)的新风配入口上设有进风管调节阀，通过控制其开度控制新风 的配入量。
5.如权利要求1所述的高含水率含油污泥的高效综合利用方法，其特征在于:所述油 水收集装置(5)包括上部呈圆柱状，下部呈倒圆锥状的旋风式冷凝除油器(5〇，所述旋风式 冷凝除油器(51)的内部设有螺旋刮油板(52)、外壁设有与抽风管(3¾的尾端连通的烟气进 口（53)、顶部设有与烟气罩(41)的废气入口（42)连通的烟气出口（54)，底部与油水收集器 (55)连通，烟气和含油液滴经抽风管进入油水收集装置(5)后，含有液滴经螺旋刮油板(52) 与烟气分离，进入油水收集器(55)，剩余烟气经烟气出口（54)进入下一级烟气罩(41)，实现 石油的回收利用。
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