CN107246106A - 一种表面切磨成型陶粒混凝土预制墙板 - Google Patents
一种表面切磨成型陶粒混凝土预制墙板 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
一种表面切磨成型陶粒混凝土预制墙板,涉及建筑产业化领域中装配式混凝土结构的预制墙板,特征在于板体由陶粒混凝土浇筑成块状后经蒸压养护和切磨成型;在所述板体内设置钢筋网片;在所述板体两侧设有定位凹凸榫槽;所述陶粒混凝土为轻质高强混凝土,其中陶粒采用中高强型连续级配结构陶粒。本发明解决了现有非承重墙板易开裂、强度低、吸水率高的问题,能够实现工厂化预制,简化了抹灰作业的工作内容,自重轻,且与主体可实现软连接,提高抗震性能,本发明还可以作为中低层建筑的承重墙体,具有施工快、造价低、节能环保、安全可靠、隔音保温效果好。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种轻质墙板,特别涉及一种应用于建筑工业化领域中板面经过切磨成型的陶粒混凝土预制墙板。
背景技术
自本世纪初通过全面推广“禁实限粘”政策以来,传统的混凝土结构中填充墙已大多采用砌块取代了粘土实心砖,取得了一定的资源节约效果,结构重量也有一定程度的降低,但由于填充墙仍属于砌体结构构件,因而其整体性较差,在历次破坏性地震中填充墙的震害如十字交叉剪切裂缝依然是典型震害之一,虽然采取了圈梁构造柱等抗震措施,但并没有从根本上解决这种震害的发生。另一方面,为了避免填充墙在地震中发生外闪倒塌,现行各规范或规程中均规定了砌体填充墙与主体结构之间须采取必要的连接措施,如埋设拉结筋或铺贴钢筋网片等,如此又必须考虑填充墙对主体结构尤其是框架的刚度贡献,增大了地震作用,有学者提出在砌块墙体的施工过程中增设水平及竖向柔性分离层的方法,有效降低了砌块墙体对框架主体的刚度贡献,但同时也增加了施工工序,工期延长,且传统的砌筑施工质量难以有效保证。可见,只要仍采用传统的现场砌筑施工方法,就存在两个根本性问题:工期较长,施工质量不能绝对保证,进而导致了填充墙对混凝土主体结构的抗震性能影响不能根本有效的解决。而混凝土结构房屋采用预制装配的“制造”方式代表了建筑技术领域一种先进的发展方向。
为解决上述砌筑墙体的问题,建筑工业化领域中开始广泛使用预制非承重隔墙板,如植物纤维强化板、加气水泥板、陶粒混凝土板、炉渣粉煤灰板、粉煤灰石子水泥板、石膏板等。植物纤维强化板是化学原料及配料做成的,易老化、易开裂、寿命短,遇冷、遇热容易变形,与混凝土建筑连接1-3年自然分离;加气水泥板吸水率高,粘贴瓷砖石材易开裂脱落,且不可以钉、钻及横、纵向穿线;陶粒混凝土板、炉渣粉煤灰板、粉煤灰石子水泥板吸水率高,易开裂,整体结构强度低,抗冲击、抗弯折荷载低;石膏板吸水率强,与水接触会导致石膏分解,厨房、卫生间等场所不能使用,也不能粘贴瓷砖、石材等,应用范围受到很大限制。上述预制墙板还存在一个共性问题,即墙板表面浮灰严重以及抹灰层易开裂脱落,严重影响使用,甚至在一些地方受到限制。
有鉴于此,安徽省高等学校自然科学研究项目(KJ2015A336)和安徽省高等学校人文社科研究项目(SK2015A678)对陶粒混凝土墙板进行了深入研究,遂有本案产生。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于解决上述已有技术存在的不足之处,提供一种能够实现工厂化预制的表面经切磨成型的陶粒混凝土实心轻质墙板,有效解决建筑的保温隔热隔音及抹灰层脱落等问题,且板体大面抹灰时不需要铺贴网格布等抗裂增强材料,提高建筑制造过程中工业化和机械化的比重,实现施工简单、人工减少、能耗降低、成本降低、工期缩短等综合效益。
本发明的目的是通过以下技术方案实现的:一种表面切磨成型陶粒混凝土预制墙板,包括陶粒混凝土条板体、板内钢筋网片、侧边定位凹槽与凸榫及平整粗糙板面,特征在于陶粒混凝土配方及配比为每m3中包括:陶粒400-560kg、陶砂0-450kg、水泥250-380kg、粉煤灰60-120kg、外加剂5-12kg、水100-180kg;所述平整粗糙板面为陶粒混凝土块体在蒸压养护成型后采用切磨机切割及磨平而成。
优选地,陶粒为500F型或700型,粒径为1-12mm连续级配。
优选地,外加剂为减水剂和发泡剂,其中发泡剂采用稳定性高但起泡力一般的类型,用量为每m3陶粒混凝土中0-2kg。
优选地,钢筋网片采用不锈钢丝或镀锌铁丝,每m2墙板中钢筋网片用量为2.0-3.0kg,当板厚≤120mm时为单层,钢(铁)丝直径为3-6mm;当板厚>120mm时为双层或多层,钢(铁)丝直径为0.5-6mm。
优选地,陶粒混凝土块体标准尺寸为宽度0.6-1.2m,长度2-3.5m;所述板体厚度由切磨机刀片位置确定,标准厚度有100mm、120mm、150mm、180mm、200mm、250mm、300mm。
优选地,陶粒混凝土强度不低于15MPa,容重不超过14kN/m3。
优选地,墙板用于填充墙时,配方中不使用陶砂;当用于承重墙时,配方中不使用发泡剂,且陶粒采用700型。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果是:(1)框架结构填充隔墙采用表面切磨成型陶粒混凝土预制墙板,可较方便地实现与主体结构的柔性连接,不仅有效提高了施工速度,而且有效解决了填充墙对框架结构抗震不利的影响;(2)表面切磨成型陶粒混凝土预制墙板质量优于现场施工,因为生产在工厂内完成,模具制作精度高,误差小,尺寸更加标准,钢筋定位、混凝土浇捣、预埋件和水电管线的安装可以做到准确无误,隔墙板上下表面为切磨后的平整粗糙面,且剔除了松动破损的陶粒,有助于墙板接缝及抹灰等工序,有效解决墙体裂缝、渗水、鼓壳等问题,避免了大多数的建筑“质量通病”,使建筑质量更易于控制;(3)墙板采用工厂预制,生产不受时间和天气的影响;现场安装,施工效率提高,同时减少环境污染,综合效益显著;(4)墙板浇筑成型后采用蒸压养护,可有效解决板面干缩问题,并提高墙体耐久性。
附图说明
图1是本发明采用单排钢筋网片的截面结构示意图。
图2是本发明采用双排钢筋网片的截面结构示意图。
图中:1-板体,2-钢筋网片,3-定位凹槽,4-定位凸榫。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明作进一步说明:如图1和图2所示:一种表面切磨成型陶粒混凝土预制墙板,包括陶粒混凝土条板体1、板内钢筋网片2、侧边定位凹槽3与凸榫4及平整粗糙板面,特征在于陶粒混凝土配方及配比为每m3中包括:陶粒400-560kg、陶砂0-450kg、水泥250-380kg、粉煤灰60-120kg、外加剂5-12kg、水100-180kg;所述平整粗糙板面为陶粒混凝土块体在蒸压养护成型后采用切磨机切割及磨平而成。
优选地,陶粒为500F型或700型,粒径为1-12mm连续级配。
优选地,外加剂为减水剂和发泡剂,其中发泡剂采用稳定性高但起泡力一般的类型,用量为每m3陶粒混凝土中0-2kg。
优选地,钢筋网片2采用不锈钢丝或镀锌铁丝,每m2墙板中钢筋网片2用量为2.0-3.0kg,当板厚≤120mm时为单层,钢(铁)丝直径为3-6mm;当板厚>120mm时为双层或多层,钢(铁)丝直径为0.5-6mm。
优选地,陶粒混凝土块体标准尺寸为宽度0.6-1.2m,长度2-3.5m;所述板体厚度由切磨机刀片位置确定,标准厚度有100mm、120mm、150mm、180mm、200mm、250mm、300mm。
优选地,陶粒混凝土强度不低于15MPa,容重不超过14kN/m3。
优选地,墙板用于填充墙时,配方中不使用陶砂;当用于承重墙时,配方中不使用发泡剂,且陶粒采用700型。
Claims (7)
1.一种表面切磨成型陶粒混凝土预制墙板,包括陶粒混凝土条板体、板内钢筋网片、侧边定位凹槽与凸榫及平整粗糙板面,特征在于陶粒混凝土配方及配比为每m3中包括:陶粒400-560kg、陶砂0-450kg、水泥250-380kg、粉煤灰60-120kg、外加剂5-12kg、水100-180kg;所述平整粗糙板面为陶粒混凝土块体在蒸压养护成型后采用切磨机切割及磨平而成。
2.根据权利要求1所述一种表面切磨成型陶粒混凝土预制墙板,其特征在于所述陶粒为500F型或700型,粒径为1-12mm连续级配。
3.根据权利要求1所述一种表面切磨成型陶粒混凝土预制墙板,其特征在于所述外加剂为减水剂和发泡剂,其中发泡剂采用稳定性高但起泡力一般的类型,用量为每m3陶粒混凝土中0-2kg。
4.根据权利要求1所述一种表面切磨成型陶粒混凝土预制墙板,其特征在于所述钢筋网片采用不锈钢丝或镀锌铁丝,每m2墙板中钢筋网片用量为2.0-3.0kg,当板厚≤120mm时为单层,钢(铁)丝直径为3-6mm;当板厚>120mm时为双层或多层,钢(铁)丝直径为0.5-6mm。
5.根据权利要求1所述一种表面切磨成型陶粒混凝土预制墙板,其特征在于所述陶粒混凝土块体标准尺寸为宽度0.6-1.2m,长度2-3.5m;所述板体厚度由切磨机刀片位置确定,标准厚度有100mm、120mm、150mm、180mm、200mm、250mm、300mm。
6.根据权利要求1所述一种表面切磨成型陶粒混凝土预制墙板,其特征在于所述陶粒混凝土强度不低于15MPa,容重不超过14kN/m3。
7.根据权利要求1或权利要求2、3所述一种表面切磨成型陶粒混凝土预制墙板,其特征在于所述墙板用于填充墙时,配方中不使用陶砂;当用于承重墙时,配方中不使用发泡剂,且陶粒采用700型。
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CN113668805A (zh) * | 2021-08-27 | 2021-11-19 | 中国十七冶集团有限公司 | 一种用于污泥陶粒板定位的u型槽钢件及其施工方法 |
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