CN107240539B - 65MW high-power klystron - Google Patents
65MW high-power klystron Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN107240539B CN107240539B CN201710453748.0A CN201710453748A CN107240539B CN 107240539 B CN107240539 B CN 107240539B CN 201710453748 A CN201710453748 A CN 201710453748A CN 107240539 B CN107240539 B CN 107240539B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- cathode
- sleeve
- assembly
- free end
- welding
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J25/00—Transit-time tubes, e.g. klystrons, travelling-wave tubes, magnetrons
- H01J25/02—Tubes with electron stream modulated in velocity or density in a modulator zone and thereafter giving up energy in an inducing zone, the zones being associated with one or more resonators
- H01J25/10—Klystrons, i.e. tubes having two or more resonators, without reflection of the electron stream, and in which the stream is modulated mainly by velocity in the zone of the input resonator
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J23/00—Details of transit-time tubes of the types covered by group H01J25/00
- H01J23/02—Electrodes; Magnetic control means; Screens
- H01J23/04—Cathodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J9/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture, installation, removal, maintenance of electric discharge tubes, discharge lamps, or parts thereof; Recovery of material from discharge tubes or lamps
- H01J9/02—Manufacture of electrodes or electrode systems
- H01J9/18—Assembling together the component parts of electrode systems
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/10—Nuclear fusion reactors
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Microwave Tubes (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model discloses a 65MW high-power klystron, which comprises an electron gun assembly, a bunching section assembly, an output section assembly and a collector; the electron gun assembly comprises an insulating ceramic assembly and an electron gun core which is arranged in the insulating ceramic assembly; the clustered segment assembly comprises an input cavity and two-cavity assembly and a long drift tube high-frequency gain segment; the output section assembly comprises a double-window output section combined waveguide and a microwave output window arranged on the double-window output section combined waveguide; the electron gun core comprises a beam focusing electrode support, a cathode support, a beam focusing electrode arranged on the beam focusing electrode support and a cathode assembly arranged on the cathode support. The high-power klystron of the utility model greatly improves the tube withstand voltage of the klystron, avoids the internal ignition of the tube, improves the stability of the klystron, ensures the klystron to stably work under the high working voltage of 350kV, and thus leads the output power to reach 65MW.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the field of ultrahigh frequency vacuum electronic devices, in particular to a 65MW high-power klystron.
Background
At present, although a high-power klystron with the output power larger than 50MW is produced in a laboratory in China, the high-power klystron cannot be practically used in a scientific device due to the fact that the vacuum degree in the klystron is poor, the high-voltage work is frequently ignited, the work is unstable and the like, and the maximum power of the domestic high-power klystron which can be practically applied to the scientific device can only reach 30MW.
With the development of scientific technology, the 30MW klystron cannot meet the use requirement, and high-power klystrons with larger output power are urgently needed in the fields of high-energy accelerators, national defense construction and the like. Therefore, a high-power klystron with larger output power needs to be designed and developed, and the klystron must work stably and reliably, so that the use requirement of a scientific device can be met.
As disclosed in chinese patent application (publication No. 103681177, publication No. 2014.3.26), an S-band 12.1% bandwidth klystron wherein the electron gun assembly comprises an electron gun chassis assembly; an electron gun transition section; the lower end of the electron gun insulating ceramic is connected with the electron gun chassis assembly, and the upper end of the electron gun insulating ceramic is connected with the electron gun transition section; an electric field protection ring arranged below the upper end of the electron gun insulating ceramic; and the electron gun is connected with the electron gun chassis assembly and comprises a thermal sub-assembly, a cathode and a beam focusing electrode. The thermal subassembly and cathode are fabricated separately and then assembled by resistance welding, resulting in poor shielding and poor robustness.
The microwave power output window comprises a sealing sleeve, a connecting ring, a connecting sleeve fixed at the bottom of the connecting ring, an output ceramic chip fixed at the inner side of the sealing sleeve, a molybdenum belt fixed at the outer ring of the sealing sleeve, wherein the top of the sealing sleeve is fixed with the connecting ring, the bottom of the sealing sleeve is fixed with the connecting sleeve, the sealing sleeve is divided into an upper part and a lower part which are mutually independent by the output ceramic chip, the microwave power output window further comprises an upper sealing gasket, a lower sealing gasket, a flange fastener, an upper waveguide flange and a lower waveguide flange which are arranged at the output end of the klystron, the microwave power output window is arranged between the upper waveguide flange and the lower waveguide flange, the connecting ring is connected with the upper waveguide flange through the upper sealing gasket, the connecting sleeve is connected with the lower waveguide flange through the lower sealing gasket, and the upper waveguide flange and the lower waveguide flange are fixed through the flange fastener. The utility model can facilitate the disassembly of the output window and the klystron and the high-power test of the output window, but gaps still occur between metal parts and ceramic window sheets during high-temperature welding, so that the welding yield of the microwave output window of the high-power klystron is low, and the performance of the microwave output ceramic window is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims to overcome the defects of the technology and provide the 65MW high-power klystron which has the advantages of ultrahigh vacuum in a tube, good high-pressure resistance in the tube and stable and reliable operation, so as to ensure that the output power of the klystron reaches 65MW.
In order to achieve the purpose, the 65MW high-power klystron designed by the utility model comprises an electron gun component, a bunching section component, an output section component and a collector; the electron gun assembly comprises an insulating ceramic assembly and an electron gun core which is arranged in the insulating ceramic assembly; the clustered segment assembly comprises an input cavity and two-cavity assembly and a long drift tube high-frequency gain segment; the output section assembly comprises a double-window output section combined waveguide and a microwave output window arranged on the double-window output section combined waveguide; the electron gun core comprises a beam focusing electrode bracket, a cathode bracket, a beam focusing electrode arranged on the beam focusing electrode bracket and a cathode assembly arranged on the cathode bracket;
the cathode component comprises a cathode thermal sub-assembly, a thermal sub-lead rod and a connecting sleeve for connecting the cathode thermal sub-assembly and the thermal sub-lead rod; the cathode heat sub-assembly comprises a cathode, an internal heat shield sleeve, a heat, an upper bottom heat shield, an external heat shield sleeve and a connecting chassis, wherein one end of the internal heat shield sleeve is brazed in a clamping groove in the bottom surface of the cathode, the heat is fixed in the internal heat shield sleeve in the bottom surface of the cathode through solid alumina porcelain, the upper bottom heat shield is fixed on the solid alumina porcelain through a connecting rod, one end of the external heat shield sleeve is brazed in an external clamping groove in the bottom surface of the cathode, the connecting chassis is brazed at the other end of the external heat shield sleeve, the upper free end of the heat sequentially penetrates through an upper through hole of the upper bottom heat shield and a middle through hole of the connecting chassis, and the lower free end of the heat penetrates through a lower through hole of the upper bottom heat shield and is brazed on the connecting chassis;
the connecting disc at one end of the connecting sleeve is fixed on the connecting chassis of the cathode heat sub-assembly through a screw, one end of the heat lead rod is inserted from the other end of the connecting sleeve until the lead part of the heat lead rod stretches into the cavity of the connecting sleeve, and the upper free end of the cathode heat sub-assembly stretches into the cavity until the upper free end of the cathode heat sub-assembly is attached to the surface of the connecting plate at the front end of the lead part; and a compression block with a fixing hole is arranged above the upper free end, and a fixing bolt sequentially passes through the bolt hole of the connecting plate and the fixing hole of the compression block to compress the upper free end between the connecting plate and the compression block.
Further, a first porcelain tube is inserted in the vertical direction of the lead part, a second porcelain tube is inserted in the horizontal direction of the lead part, a gap is reserved between the first porcelain tube and the second porcelain tube, two free ends of a first nickel wire pass through the first porcelain tube and are respectively bent and welded on the outer periphery of the connecting sleeve, and two free ends of a second nickel wire pass through the second porcelain tube and are respectively bent and welded on the outer periphery of the connecting sleeve.
Further, the welding method of the cathode hot sub-assembly comprises the following steps:
1) Separately preparing cathode and hot sub-preforms:
the outer edge of the cathode is provided with a circle of inner clamping grooves and a circle of outer clamping grooves;
the hot prefabricated part is a spiral hot prefabricated part which is formed by winding a hot blank in a bidirectional way, and two free ends of the hot prefabricated part are arranged up and down side by side to form an upper free end and a lower free end;
2) Welding a cathode assembly:
inserting one end of an internal heating screen sleeve into the cathode internal clamping groove from the bottom surface of the cathode and brazing the internal heating screen sleeve on the cathode to form a cathode assembly with one end open;
3) Welding a heater and a cathode assembly:
loading an alumina paste into the cathode assembly from the open end in step 2), then embedding the spiral portion of the hot sub-preform into the alumina paste at a lower portion of the alumina paste, and embedding one end of the connecting rod into the alumina paste at an upper portion of the alumina paste;
4) Installing an upper bottom heat shield and bending the free end to form a heater:
the upper free end and the lower free end of the hot-metal prefabricated member in the step 3) respectively penetrate through an upper through hole and a lower through hole at the bottom of an upper bottom heat shield, then the other end of the connecting rod is inserted into an upper welding groove of the upper bottom heat shield and filled with welding flux, and finally the lower free end of the hot-metal prefabricated member is vertically bent downwards, and the upper free end is bent upwards vertically and then is bent outwards horizontally to form a hot metal;
5) Welding an external heat shield sleeve and a connecting chassis:
after the step 4) is completed, one end of the external heat shield sleeve is inserted into the external clamping groove of the cathode from the bottom surface of the cathode and filled with solder, the middle through hole of the connecting chassis passes through the upper free end until the other end of the external heat shield sleeve is propped against the boss at the edge of the connecting chassis and filled with solder, and finally, the joint of the lower free end and the connecting chassis is filled with solder to form a cathode heat prefabricated member;
6) Welding to form a cathode thermoassembly:
after step 5) is completed, the cathode hot sub-preform is placed in a high Wen Qinglu to be brazed into a cathode hot sub-assembly, the brazing temperature in the high Wen Qinglu is 1350-1420 ℃, and meanwhile, the alumina paste is sintered into solid alumina porcelain.
Further, the upper free end and the lower free end of the heat prefabricated member are straight-line segments and are arranged in parallel, and the center distance between the upper free end and the lower free end is equal to the center distance between the upper through hole and the lower through hole of the upper bottom heat shield.
Further, the processing method of the microwave output window comprises the following steps:
1) The metal sealing sleeve, the ceramic window sheet, the welding positioning die, the graphite die, the upper output window reinforcing sleeve and the lower output window reinforcing sleeve are independently processed, wherein the metal sealing sleeve and the ceramic window sheet are designed to be in interference fit, and the fit size of the metal sealing sleeve is 0.06-0.09 mm smaller than that of the ceramic window sheet;
2) Placing the metal sealing sleeve and the welding positioning die together in a high-temperature furnace, heating to 300-500 ℃, preserving heat for 15-30 minutes, and then taking the metal sealing sleeve and the welding positioning die out of the high-temperature furnace;
3) After the step 2) is completed, inserting a ceramic window into the metal sealing sleeve by adopting interference fit, positioning and fixing the ceramic window in the metal sealing sleeve by using a welding positioning die, wherein the ceramic window is arranged in the middle of the metal sealing sleeve, the bottom of the ceramic window is supported by a bulge of the welding positioning die, the bottom of the metal sealing sleeve is propped against a boss of the welding positioning die, and a first welding flux is filled at the joint of the ceramic window and the metal sealing sleeve to form a weldment;
4) After the step 3) is completed, placing the weldment in a graphite mold, enabling the side wall of the metal sealing sleeve to prop against the inner wall of the graphite mold, enabling the bottom end of the graphite mold to prop against a boss of the welding positioning mold, then placing the welding mold into a high-temperature furnace for high-temperature sealing, and disassembling the graphite mold and the welding positioning mold after the high-temperature sealing to obtain a sealing-in piece of the microwave output window;
5) Binding the sealing piece by using a molybdenum belt at the position which is close to the ceramic window piece and the outer periphery of the sealing piece, and binding and fastening the molybdenum belt by using a plurality of molybdenum wires; then binding solder wires at the upper and lower ends of the outer periphery of the sealing piece respectively;
6) After the step 5) is completed, sleeving an upper output window reinforcing sleeve at the upper end of the sealing piece, sleeving a lower output window reinforcing sleeve at the lower end of the sealing piece, and filling second welding materials at the welding seams of the upper output window reinforcing sleeve and the lower output window reinforcing sleeve to form a microwave output window prefabricated member;
7) After the step 6) is completed, the prefabricated part of the microwave output window is placed in a high-temperature furnace for high-temperature welding to form the required microwave output window.
Further, a backing plate with a through hole is lined between the upper free end and the compression block, and a compression plate with a positioning hole is lined between the connecting plate and a nut of the bolt.
Further, the diameters of the first nickel wire and the second nickel wire are 0.8-1.0 mm.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following advantages: the high-power klystron of the utility model greatly improves the tube withstand voltage of the klystron, avoids the internal ignition of the tube, improves the stability of the klystron, ensures the klystron to stably work under the high working voltage of 350kV, and thus leads the output power to reach 65MW.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a 65MW high-power klystron of the present utility model;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the output section in FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the electron gun core of FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the cathode structure of FIG. 1;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the cathode of FIG. 1 connected to an internal heat shield;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the connection of the hot preform with the cathode assembly of FIG. 1;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the cathode hot sub-assembly of FIG. 1;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the connection structure of the cathode-heat sub-assembly and the heat extraction rod of FIG. 1;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a welding positioning die structure in the present embodiment;
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a graphite mold in the present embodiment;
fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of an assembly structure in the present embodiment;
FIG. 13 is a schematic view of a seal prepared in this example;
FIG. 14 is a schematic view showing the structure of the sealing member binding molybdenum ribbon molybdenum wire in the present embodiment;
fig. 15 is a schematic view of the structure of the microwave output window prepared in this embodiment.
The reference numerals of the components in the drawings are as follows:
a cathode thermal sub-assembly 310, a cathode 110 (wherein: an inner clamping groove 111, an outer clamping groove 112); an inner heat shield 120; alumina paste 130; a hot sub-preform 140 (wherein: a helical portion 141, an upper free end 142, a lower free end 143); an upper bottom heat shield 150 (wherein: lower through hole 151, upper through hole 152, connecting rod 153); a connection chassis 160 (wherein: a central through hole 161, a boss 162); a heat 170; a support bar 180; an outer heat shield 190;
a microwave output window 200; the sealing member 210 (wherein: ceramic window piece 211, metal sealing sleeve 212, molybdenum strip 213, molybdenum wire 214), graphite mold 220 (wherein: inner wall 221, bottom end 222), first solder 230, welding positioning mold 240 (wherein: protrusion 241, boss 242), weld 250, upper output window reinforcement sleeve 260, lower output window reinforcement sleeve 270;
a heater lead bar 320 (wherein: a lead portion 321, a connection plate 322, a first screw hole 323); the connecting sleeve 330 (wherein, the connecting disc 331, the screw 332 and the cavity 333); the compression block 340, the base plate 350, the compression plate 360 and the fixing bolt 370; a first porcelain tube 380 (wherein: a first nickel wire 381); a second porcelain tube 390 (wherein: a second nickel wire 391);
a clustered segment assembly 500, an input cavity and two cavity assembly 510, a long drift tube high frequency gain segment 520, and a collector 530;
an output segment assembly 600, a dual window output segment composite waveguide 610.
Detailed Description
The utility model will now be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and to specific examples.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the 65MW high power klystron comprises an electron gun assembly 400, a cluster block assembly 500, an output block assembly 600 and a collector 530; the electron gun assembly 400 includes an insulating ceramic assembly 410, an electron gun core 420 built in the insulating ceramic assembly 410; the clustered segment assembly 500 includes an input cavity and two cavity assembly 510, a long drift tube high frequency gain section 520; referring to fig. 3, the output section assembly 600 includes a dual window output section combined waveguide 610 and a microwave output window 200 disposed on the dual window output section combined waveguide 610; as shown in fig. 4, the electron gun core 420 includes a beam focusing electrode holder 430, a cathode holder 440, a beam focusing electrode 450 mounted on the beam focusing electrode holder 430, and a cathode assembly 460 mounted on the cathode holder 440, and specific structures of the beam focusing electrode 450, the beam focusing electrode holder 430 and the cathode holder 440 for connection and mounting are disclosed in chinese patent application (application number 201620238116.3, application date 2016.03.25) and are not described herein.
As shown in fig. 9, the cathode assembly 460 includes a cathode-heater assembly 310, a heater pin 320, and a connection sleeve 330 for connecting the cathode-heater assembly 310 and the heater pin 320; referring to fig. 8, the cathode heat sub-assembly 310 includes a cathode 110, an inner heat shield 120, a solid alumina porcelain, a heat 170, an upper heat shield 150, an outer heat shield 190, and a connection chassis 160, one end of the inner heat shield 120 is soldered at the inner clamping groove 111 on the bottom surface of the cathode 110, a spiral portion 141 of the heat 170 is fixed in the inner heat shield 120 on the bottom surface of the cathode 110 by the solid alumina porcelain, one end of a connecting rod 153 is fixed at the upper portion of the solid alumina porcelain, the other end of the connecting rod 153 is soldered at the upper portion of the upper heat shield 150, one end of the outer heat shield 190 is soldered at the outer clamping groove 112 of the cathode 110, the other end of the outer heat shield 190 is soldered at the boss 162 on the edge of the connection chassis 160, a plurality of support rods 180 are soldered between the upper heat shield 150 and the connection chassis 160, the upper free end 142 of the heat 170 sequentially passes through the upper through hole 152 of the upper heat shield 150 and the middle through hole 161 of the connection chassis 160, and the lower free end 143 of the heat 170 passes through the lower through the through hole 151 of the upper heat shield 150 and is soldered at the connection chassis 160.
As shown in fig. 9 again, the connection pad 331 at one end of the connection sleeve 330 is fixed to the connection chassis 311 of the cathode-heat sub-assembly 310 by means of the screw 332, and one end of the heat pin 320 is inserted from the other end of the connection sleeve 330 until the lead portion 321 of the heat pin 320 is inserted into the cavity 333 of the connection sleeve 330, and at the same time, the upper free end 312 of the cathode-heat sub-assembly 310 is inserted into the cavity 333 until it is fitted on the surface of the front connection plate 322 of the lead portion 321. A compression block 340 is disposed above the upper free end 312, a pad 350 is lined between the upper free end 312 and the compression block 340, a compression plate 360 is disposed opposite to the upper free end 312 on the surface of the connection plate 322 (i.e. the upper free end 312 and the compression plate 360 are distributed on two sides of the connection plate 322), a fixing hole is formed in the compression block 340, a through hole is formed in the pad 350, a positioning hole is formed in the compression plate 360, meanwhile, the fixing hole of the compression block 340, the through hole of the pad 350, the bolt hole of the connection plate 322 and the positioning hole of the compression plate 360 are coaxially disposed, and a fixing bolt 370 sequentially passes through the positioning hole, the bolt hole, the through hole and the fixing hole to fix the compression plate 360, the connection plate 322, the pad 350 and the compression block 340 together, so that the upper free end 312 is compressed between the connection plate 322 and the pad 350, and the compression plate 360 is disposed between the connection plate 322 and the nuts of the fixing bolt 370. In this embodiment, the number of the fixing bolts 370 is two, and the two fixing bolts 370 are symmetrically disposed at both sides of the upper free end 312. The hot lead rod 320 is made of an oxygen-free copper material, when the compression plate 360 and the compression block 340 compress the connecting plate 322 and the base plate 350, the upper free end 312 between the connecting plate 322 and the base plate 350 is clamped, and when the connecting plate 322 and the base plate 350 clamp the upper free end 312, the connecting plate 322 and the base plate 350 of the hot lead rod 320 deform at a position close to the upper free end 312, so that the connecting plate 322 and the upper free end 312 of the hot lead rod 320 are tightly and firmly contacted; the connecting plate 322 and the upper free end 312 are fixed through the fixing bolt 360, so that the connection is firm, the operation is convenient, the disassembly is convenient, and the repair of the high-power klystron is facilitated.
In addition, a first porcelain tube 380 is inserted in the vertical direction of the lead portion 321, a second porcelain tube 390 is inserted in the horizontal direction of the lead portion 321, a gap is not reserved between the first porcelain tube 380 and the second porcelain tube 390, two free ends of a first nickel wire 381 pass through the first porcelain tube 380 and are respectively bent and welded on the outer periphery of the connecting sleeve 330, and two free ends of a second nickel wire 391 pass through the second porcelain tube 390 and are respectively bent and welded on the outer periphery of the connecting sleeve 330; in this embodiment, the diameters of the first nickel wire 381 and the second nickel wire 391 are 0.8-1.0 mm, so that the thick and thin nickel wires can play a role in fixing and have a certain flexibility, and therefore, the nickel wires have a certain buffering effect when being heated or cooled by a heater, and in addition, have a certain buffering effect in the vibration test and transportation processes, thereby greatly improving the reliability of the product.
As shown in fig. 5, 6 and 7, the welding method of the cathode thermal sub-assembly includes the steps of:
1) Separately preparing cathode and hot sub-preforms:
the outer edge of the cathode 110 is provided with a circle of inner clamping grooves 111 and a circle of outer clamping grooves 112, as shown in fig. 5;
the heat prefabricated member 140 is a spiral heat prefabricated member formed by winding a heat blank in a bidirectional manner, two free ends of the heat prefabricated member 140 are arranged up and down side by side to form an upper free end 142 and a lower free end 143, the upper free end 142 and the lower free end 143 are both straight-line segments and are arranged in parallel, and as shown in fig. 3, the center distance between the upper free end 142 and the lower free end 143 is equal to the center distance between an upper through hole 152 and a lower through hole 151 of the upper bottom heat shield 150;
2) Welding a cathode assembly:
inserting one end of the hollow inner heat shield 120 from the bottom surface of the cathode 110 into the cathode inner clamping groove 111 and brazing on the cathode 110 to form a cathode assembly with one end open, as shown in fig. 6;
3) Welding a heater and a cathode assembly:
loading the alumina paste 130 into the cathode assembly from the open end in step 2), and then burying the spiral portion 141 of the hot sub-preform 140 in the alumina paste 130 while leaving the rest of the hot sub-preform 140 exposed outside the alumina paste 130, and burying one end of the connection rod 153 in the alumina paste 130 while being located at the upper portion of the alumina paste 130, thereby burying one end of the connection rod 153 and the spiral portion 141 of the hot sub-preform 140 in the inner heat shield 120, as shown in fig. 7, and, in addition, the alumina paste 130 is prepared by mixing cotton gelatin and alumina powder in this embodiment;
4) Installing an upper bottom heat shield and bending the free end to form a heater:
the upper free end 142 and the lower free end 143 of the hot spot preform 140 in step 3) are respectively passed through the upper through hole 152 and the lower through hole 151 at the bottom of the upper bottom heat shield 150 (i.e., the upper free end 142 is passed through the upper through hole 152, the lower free end 143 is passed through the lower through hole 151), then the other end of the connecting rod 153 is inserted into the upper soldering groove of the upper bottom heat shield 150 and filled with solder, finally the lower free end 143 of the hot spot preform 140 is vertically bent downward, and the upper free end 142 is vertically bent upward and then horizontally bent outward to form a hot spot 170, as shown in fig. 8;
5) Welding an external heat shield sleeve and a connecting chassis:
after step 4) is completed, one end of the outer heat shield 190 is inserted into the cathode outer clamping groove 112 from the bottom surface of the cathode 110 and filled with solder, the middle through hole 161 of the connection chassis 160 passes through the upper free end 142 until the other end of the outer heat shield 190 abuts against the boss 162 at the edge of the connection chassis 160 and is filled with solder, meanwhile, the connection part of the lower free end 143 and the connection chassis 160 is filled with solder, and finally, a plurality of support rods 180 are supported between the upper bottom heat shield 150 and the connection chassis 160 and are filled with solder to form a cathode hot sub-prefabricated member;
6) Welding to form a cathode thermoassembly:
after step 5) is completed, the cathode hot preform is placed into a high-temperature hydrogen furnace, the temperature is raised to 1350-1420 ℃ to braze each filling solder, in the brazing process, the alumina paste 130 is sintered into solid alumina porcelain, so that the spiral part 141 of the hot shoe 170 and one end of the connecting rod 153 are firmly fixed in the solid alumina porcelain, so that the hot shoe 170 and the connecting rod 153 are fixedly connected with the cathode 110, and simultaneously, the lower free end 143 of the hot shoe 170 is welded on the connecting chassis 160 to form a cathode hot sub assembly, and in the formed cathode hot sub assembly, the heat is well insulated from the cathode, the upper bottom heat shield, the inner heat shield and the outer heat shield.
The utility model relates to a welding method of a cathode heat sub-assembly for a high-power klystron electron gun, which comprises the steps of firstly brazing an inner heat shield sleeve to a cathode, then fixing a wound heat into the inner heat shield sleeve on the bottom surface of the cathode by using pasty alumina, assembling other upper heat shields, outer heat shields and a connecting chassis, finally brazing the inner heat shield sleeve into the cathode heat sub-assembly in a high Wen Qinglu by using the high-temperature brazing material, and sintering the pasty alumina into solid alumina porcelain during high-temperature welding, so that the heat is fixed firmly. The prepared cathode heat sub-assembly has compact and firm structure, good vibration resistance, impact resistance and heat shielding effect, reduces the heating power of the cathode, and simultaneously, the heat 170 is well insulated from the cathode 110, the upper bottom heat shield 150, the inner heat shield sleeve 120 and the outer heat shield sleeve 190.
Referring to fig. 10, 11, 12, 13, 14 and 15, the method for processing the microwave output window 200 includes the steps of:
1) The metal sealing sleeve 212, the ceramic window 211, the welding positioning die 240, the graphite die 220, the upper output window reinforcing sleeve 260 and the lower output window reinforcing sleeve 270 are independently processed, wherein the metal sealing sleeve 212 is made of iron white copper or kovar alloy and other metals, the outer circle is metallized and plated with nickel when the ceramic window 211 is processed, meanwhile, the metal sealing sleeve 212 and the ceramic window 211 are designed into interference fit, and the fit size of the metal sealing sleeve 212 is 0.06-0.09 mm smaller than the fit size of the ceramic window 211;
2) The processed metal sealing sleeve 212 and the welding positioning die 240 are placed in a high-temperature furnace together to be heated to 300-500 ℃ and kept for 15-30 minutes, and then the metal sealing sleeve 212 and the welding positioning die 240 are taken out of the high-temperature furnace;
3) After the step 2) is completed, the ceramic window 211 is arranged in the middle position of the metal sealing sleeve 212 by adopting interference fit, the ceramic window 211 is positioned and fixed in the metal sealing sleeve 212 by using the welding positioning die 240, namely, the bottom of the ceramic window 211 is supported by the bulge 241 of the welding positioning die 240, the bottom of the metal sealing sleeve 212 is abutted against the boss 242 of the welding positioning die 240, and the joint of the ceramic window 211 and the metal sealing sleeve 212 is filled with the first solder 230 to form a weldment;
4) The weldment is placed in the graphite mold 220, the side wall of the metal sealing sleeve 212 is abutted against the inner wall 221 of the graphite mold 220, meanwhile, the bottom end 222 of the graphite mold 220 is abutted against the boss 242 of the welding positioning mold 240, and then the weldment is placed in a high-temperature furnace for high-temperature sealing, and the high-temperature welding temperature of the high-temperature furnace is the melting point of the first welding flux 230, for example: when the first solder 230 is an oxygen-free copper solder, the soldering temperature is 1083 ℃; after high-temperature sealing, the graphite mold 220 and the welding positioning mold 240 are disassembled to obtain a required sealing piece 210 of the microwave output window;
5) Binding the sealing piece 210 by using a molybdenum belt 213 at the outer periphery of the sealing piece 210 and at a position close to the ceramic window 211, and binding the molybdenum belt 213 by using a plurality of molybdenum wires 214; then binding solder wires at the upper and lower ends of the outer periphery of the sealing member 210 respectively; wherein the solder wire is a gold-copper solder wire with a melting point of 990-1100 ℃ or a gold-nickel solder wire with a melting point of 950 ℃;
6) After step 5) is completed, an upper output window reinforcement sleeve 260 is sleeved at the upper end of the sealing piece 210, a lower output window reinforcement sleeve 270 is sleeved at the lower end of the sealing piece 210, and a second welding flux is filled at a welding line 250 between the upper output window reinforcement sleeve 260 and the lower output window reinforcement sleeve 270 to form a microwave output window prefabricated member; wherein the second solder at the welding seam is gold-nickel solder with a melting point of 990-1100 ℃ and a melting point of 950 ℃;
7) After the step 6) is completed, placing the prefabricated member of the microwave output window in a high-temperature furnace for high-temperature welding, wherein the temperature of the high-temperature welding cannot be lower than the highest melting point temperature of the solder wires and the solder, if the solder wires are gold-copper solder wires with the melting point of 990-1100 ℃, and the second solder is gold-nickel solder with the temperature of 950 ℃, the temperature of the high-temperature welding cannot be lower than the melting point of the gold-copper solder wires, and discharging and cooling to form the required microwave output window.
The principle of the processing method of the utility model is as follows: firstly, the separately processed metal sealing sleeve 220 and the ceramic window 210 are designed to be in interference fit, and the fit size of the metal sealing sleeve 220 is 0.06-0.09 mm smaller than that of the ceramic window 210, so that before the metal sealing sleeve 220 and the ceramic window 210 are assembled, the metal sealing sleeve 220 is heated to 300-500 ℃ to increase the fit size of the metal sealing sleeve 220 by 0.07-0.1 mm, and then the metal sealing sleeve 220 is taken out to rapidly assemble the ceramic window 210 into the metal sealing sleeve 220, so that the metal sealing sleeve 220 and the ceramic window 210 are matched very tightly to form a weldment;
next, the assembled weldment is placed in a graphite mold 220 prior to high temperature welding. Because the thermal expansion coefficient of graphite is very small and very close to that of the ceramic material (namely the ceramic window piece 211), when the window frame (namely the metal sealing sleeve 212) of the output window is sealed with the ceramic window piece 211 at a high temperature, the oxygen-free copper solder with the melting point of 1083 ℃ is generally adopted as the first solder 230, and the high-temperature sealing die (namely the graphite die 220) made of the graphite material is adopted at the high temperature, and the thermal expansion size is only about 0.01mm, so that the window frame of the output window manufactured by the metal sealing sleeve 212 can be prevented from expanding outwards, and the welding seam is completely filled with the solder;
finally, molybdenum strips 213 are used to bind molybdenum wires 214 at the outer periphery of the sealed sealing member 210 near the ceramic window sheets, gold-copper solder wires with the melting point of 990-1100 ℃ or gold-nickel solder wires with the melting point of 950 ℃ are bound at the upper and lower ends of the sealing member 210, (under the temperature range, the thermal expansion coefficient of the molybdenum material is very small, the metal sealing sleeve such as Shi Tie white copper, kovar alloy and the like can be prevented from expanding outwards during high-temperature welding), then an upper output window reinforcing sleeve 260 and a lower output window reinforcing sleeve 270 are arranged, and the welding seam 250 of the upper output window reinforcing sleeve 260 and the lower output window reinforcing sleeve 270 is filled with gold-copper solder wires with the melting point of 990-1100 ℃ or gold-nickel solder wires with the melting point of 950 ℃ for high-temperature welding second welding.
As shown in fig. 15, the microwave output window 200 manufactured by the processing method of the present utility model includes a sealing member 210, an upper output window reinforcement sleeve 260 sleeved on the upper end of the sealing member 210, and a lower output window reinforcement sleeve 270 sleeved on the lower end of the sealing member 210; the sealing member 210 comprises a metal sealing sleeve 212 and a ceramic window 211 arranged in the metal sealing sleeve 212, a molybdenum belt 213 is bound at the position, close to the ceramic window 211, of the outer periphery of the sealing member 210, and a plurality of molybdenum wires 214 are bound and tied at the outer periphery of the molybdenum belt 213. The microwave output window improves the yield of the microwave output window, and further improves the performance of the microwave output window, thereby ensuring the reliability of the microwave output window.
The specific mounting structure of the microwave output window to the double-window output section combined waveguide is disclosed in Chinese patent application (application number 201320250137.3 and application date 2013.05.10), and is not described herein.
Therefore, the high-power klystron of the utility model greatly improves the tube withstand voltage of the klystron, avoids the internal ignition of the tube, improves the stability of the klystron, ensures the klystron to stably work under the high working voltage of 350kV, and ensures the output power to reach 65MW.
Claims (7)
1. A65 MW high-power klystron comprises an electron gun assembly, a bunching section assembly, an output section assembly and a collector; the electron gun assembly comprises an insulating ceramic assembly and an electron gun core which is arranged in the insulating ceramic assembly; the clustered segment assembly comprises an input cavity and two-cavity assembly and a long drift tube high-frequency gain segment; the output section assembly comprises a double-window output section combined waveguide and a microwave output window arranged on the double-window output section combined waveguide; the electron gun core comprises a beam focusing electrode bracket, a cathode bracket, a beam focusing electrode arranged on the beam focusing electrode bracket and a cathode assembly arranged on the cathode bracket; the method is characterized in that:
the cathode component comprises a cathode thermal sub-assembly, a thermal sub-lead rod and a connecting sleeve for connecting the cathode thermal sub-assembly and the thermal sub-lead rod; the cathode heat sub-assembly comprises a cathode, an internal heat shield sleeve, a heat, an upper bottom heat shield, an external heat shield sleeve and a connecting chassis, wherein one end of the internal heat shield sleeve is brazed in a clamping groove in the bottom surface of the cathode, the heat is fixed in the internal heat shield sleeve in the bottom surface of the cathode through solid alumina porcelain, the upper bottom heat shield is fixed on the solid alumina porcelain through a connecting rod, one end of the external heat shield sleeve is brazed in an external clamping groove in the bottom surface of the cathode, the connecting chassis is brazed at the other end of the external heat shield sleeve, the upper free end of the heat sequentially penetrates through an upper through hole of the upper bottom heat shield and a middle through hole of the connecting chassis, and the lower free end of the heat penetrates through a lower through hole of the upper bottom heat shield and is brazed on the connecting chassis;
the connecting disc at one end of the connecting sleeve is fixed on the connecting chassis of the cathode heat sub-assembly through a screw, one end of the heat lead rod is inserted from the other end of the connecting sleeve until the lead part of the heat lead rod stretches into the cavity of the connecting sleeve, and the upper free end of the cathode heat sub-assembly stretches into the cavity until the upper free end of the cathode heat sub-assembly is attached to the surface of the connecting plate at the front end of the lead part; and a compression block with a fixing hole is arranged above the upper free end, and a fixing bolt sequentially passes through the bolt hole of the connecting plate and the fixing hole of the compression block to compress the upper free end between the connecting plate and the compression block.
2. The 65MW high power klystron of claim 1, wherein: the first porcelain tube is inserted in the vertical direction of the lead part, the second porcelain tube is inserted in the horizontal direction of the lead part, a gap is reserved between the first porcelain tube and the second porcelain tube, the two free ends of the first nickel wire pass through the first porcelain tube and then are respectively bent and welded on the outer periphery of the connecting sleeve, and the two free ends of the second nickel wire pass through the second porcelain tube and then are respectively bent and welded on the outer periphery of the connecting sleeve.
3. A 65MW high power klystron according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that: the welding method of the cathode hot sub-assembly comprises the following steps:
1) Separately preparing cathode and hot sub-preforms:
the outer edge of the cathode is provided with a circle of inner clamping grooves and a circle of outer clamping grooves;
the hot prefabricated part is a spiral hot prefabricated part which is formed by winding a hot blank in a bidirectional way, and two free ends of the hot prefabricated part are arranged up and down side by side to form an upper free end and a lower free end;
2) Welding a cathode assembly:
inserting one end of an internal heating screen sleeve into the cathode internal clamping groove from the bottom surface of the cathode and brazing the internal heating screen sleeve on the cathode to form a cathode assembly with one end open;
3) Welding a heater and a cathode assembly:
loading an alumina paste into the cathode assembly from the open end in step 2), then embedding the spiral portion of the hot sub-preform into the alumina paste at a lower portion of the alumina paste, and embedding one end of the connecting rod into the alumina paste at an upper portion of the alumina paste;
4) Installing an upper bottom heat shield and bending the free end to form a heater:
the upper free end and the lower free end of the hot-metal prefabricated member in the step 3) respectively penetrate through an upper through hole and a lower through hole at the bottom of an upper bottom heat shield, then the other end of the connecting rod is inserted into an upper welding groove of the upper bottom heat shield and filled with welding flux, and finally the lower free end of the hot-metal prefabricated member is vertically bent downwards, and the upper free end is bent upwards vertically and then is bent outwards horizontally to form a hot metal;
5) Welding an external heat shield sleeve and a connecting chassis:
after the step 4) is completed, one end of the external heat shield sleeve is inserted into the external clamping groove of the cathode from the bottom surface of the cathode and filled with solder, the middle through hole of the connecting chassis passes through the upper free end until the other end of the external heat shield sleeve is propped against the boss at the edge of the connecting chassis and filled with solder, and finally, the joint of the lower free end and the connecting chassis is filled with solder to form a cathode heat prefabricated member;
6) Welding to form a cathode thermoassembly:
after step 5) is completed, the cathode hot sub-preform is placed in a high Wen Qinglu to be brazed into a cathode hot sub-assembly, the brazing temperature in the high Wen Qinglu is 1350-1420 ℃, and meanwhile, the alumina paste is sintered into solid alumina porcelain.
4. A 65MW high power klystron as defined in claim 3, wherein: the upper free end and the lower free end of the heat prefabricated member are straight-line segments and are arranged in parallel, and the center distance between the upper free end and the lower free end is equal to the center distance between the upper through hole and the lower through hole of the upper bottom heat shield.
5. A 65MW high power klystron according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that: the processing method of the microwave output window comprises the following steps:
1) The metal sealing sleeve, the ceramic window sheet, the welding positioning die, the graphite die, the upper output window reinforcing sleeve and the lower output window reinforcing sleeve are independently processed, wherein the metal sealing sleeve and the ceramic window sheet are designed to be in interference fit, and the fit size of the metal sealing sleeve is 0.06-0.09 mm smaller than that of the ceramic window sheet;
2) Placing the metal sealing sleeve and the welding positioning die together in a high-temperature furnace, heating to 300-500 ℃, preserving heat for 15-30 minutes, and then taking the metal sealing sleeve and the welding positioning die out of the high-temperature furnace;
3) After the step 2) is completed, inserting a ceramic window into the metal sealing sleeve by adopting interference fit, positioning and fixing the ceramic window in the metal sealing sleeve by using a welding positioning die, wherein the ceramic window is arranged in the middle of the metal sealing sleeve, the bottom of the ceramic window is supported by a bulge of the welding positioning die, the bottom of the metal sealing sleeve is propped against a boss of the welding positioning die, and a first welding flux is filled at the joint of the ceramic window and the metal sealing sleeve to form a weldment;
4) After the step 3) is completed, placing the weldment in a graphite mold, enabling the side wall of the metal sealing sleeve to prop against the inner wall of the graphite mold, enabling the bottom end of the graphite mold to prop against a boss of the welding positioning mold, then placing the welding mold into a high-temperature furnace for high-temperature sealing, and disassembling the graphite mold and the welding positioning mold after the high-temperature sealing to obtain a sealing-in piece of the microwave output window;
5) Binding the sealing piece by using a molybdenum belt at the position which is close to the ceramic window piece and the outer periphery of the sealing piece, and binding and fastening the molybdenum belt by using a plurality of molybdenum wires; then binding solder wires at the upper and lower ends of the outer periphery of the sealing piece respectively;
6) After the step 5) is completed, sleeving an upper output window reinforcing sleeve at the upper end of the sealing piece, sleeving a lower output window reinforcing sleeve at the lower end of the sealing piece, and filling second welding materials at the welding seams of the upper output window reinforcing sleeve and the lower output window reinforcing sleeve to form a microwave output window prefabricated member;
7) After the step 6) is completed, the prefabricated part of the microwave output window is placed in a high-temperature furnace for high-temperature welding to form the required microwave output window.
6. A 65MW high power klystron according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that: a backing plate with a through hole is lined between the upper free end and the compression block, and a compression plate with a positioning hole is lined between the connecting plate and a nut of the bolt.
7. A 65MW high power klystron as defined in claim 2, wherein: the diameters of the first nickel wire and the second nickel wire are 0.8-1.0 mm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710453748.0A CN107240539B (en) | 2017-06-15 | 2017-06-15 | 65MW high-power klystron |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710453748.0A CN107240539B (en) | 2017-06-15 | 2017-06-15 | 65MW high-power klystron |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN107240539A CN107240539A (en) | 2017-10-10 |
| CN107240539B true CN107240539B (en) | 2023-05-16 |
Family
ID=59986391
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710453748.0A Active CN107240539B (en) | 2017-06-15 | 2017-06-15 | 65MW high-power klystron |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN107240539B (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109932989B (en) * | 2017-12-15 | 2021-10-15 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | Interlocking method for monitoring internal sparking of klystron |
| CN114464512B (en) * | 2022-02-10 | 2023-08-01 | 中国科学院空天信息创新研究院 | Emission device for emitting electrons, preparation method thereof and electron gun |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3904917A (en) * | 1973-05-24 | 1975-09-09 | Nippon Electric Co | High-efficiency broadband klystron amplifier of reduced length |
| JP2007273158A (en) * | 2006-03-30 | 2007-10-18 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Electron tube and travelling wave tube |
| CN103681177A (en) * | 2013-09-29 | 2014-03-26 | 中国科学院电子学研究所 | S-waveband 12.1% bandwidth klystron |
| CN104966654A (en) * | 2015-06-29 | 2015-10-07 | 南京三乐微波技术发展有限公司 | 10kw/2450MHz package type continuous wave magnetron and preparation method |
| CN207009398U (en) * | 2017-06-15 | 2018-02-13 | 湖北汉光科技股份有限公司 | A kind of 65MW high-power klystrons |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US9287598B2 (en) * | 2013-05-09 | 2016-03-15 | The Board Of Trustees Of The Leland Stanford Junior University | RF window assembly comprising a ceramic disk disposed within a cylindrical waveguide which is connected to rectangular waveguides through elliptical joints |
| US9697978B2 (en) * | 2015-06-17 | 2017-07-04 | The Board Of Trustees Of The Leland Stanford Junior University | Multi-frequency klystron designed for high efficiency |
-
2017
- 2017-06-15 CN CN201710453748.0A patent/CN107240539B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3904917A (en) * | 1973-05-24 | 1975-09-09 | Nippon Electric Co | High-efficiency broadband klystron amplifier of reduced length |
| JP2007273158A (en) * | 2006-03-30 | 2007-10-18 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Electron tube and travelling wave tube |
| CN103681177A (en) * | 2013-09-29 | 2014-03-26 | 中国科学院电子学研究所 | S-waveband 12.1% bandwidth klystron |
| CN104966654A (en) * | 2015-06-29 | 2015-10-07 | 南京三乐微波技术发展有限公司 | 10kw/2450MHz package type continuous wave magnetron and preparation method |
| CN207009398U (en) * | 2017-06-15 | 2018-02-13 | 湖北汉光科技股份有限公司 | A kind of 65MW high-power klystrons |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 李庆生 ; 阮存军 ; 赵鼎 ; 李崇山 ; .X波段带状电子注速调管电子枪组件热分析.微波学报.(第S1期),全文. * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN107240539A (en) | 2017-10-10 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| EP0187033B1 (en) | Magnetron with a ceramic stem having a cathode support structure | |
| CN107240539B (en) | 65MW high-power klystron | |
| US2792271A (en) | Method of making electric discharge device | |
| JP2004172081A (en) | Magnetron and joining method between magnetron members | |
| US5594224A (en) | Vacuum circuit interrupter | |
| JP2690901B2 (en) | Magnetron | |
| CN201918348U (en) | High-precision positioning rod control cathode structure | |
| CN207009398U (en) | A kind of 65MW high-power klystrons | |
| CN107275169B (en) | Cathode heater assembly for high-power klystron electron gun and welding method | |
| CN113000963B (en) | Welding method for titanium window of CT tube | |
| CN212695359U (en) | Welding structure | |
| CN107452581B (en) | Cathode heat sub-assembly and heat extraction rod connection structure for klystron | |
| CN1047463C (en) | Vacuum valve and vacuum breaker adapting it | |
| CN205303440U (en) | Built -in many racks electrode ceramic encapsulation shell of IGBT | |
| CN218039215U (en) | Crimping type IGBT emitter leading-out structure | |
| JP3039956B2 (en) | Magnetron cathode assembly | |
| CN217214627U (en) | Ceramic structure of magnetron | |
| CN216528729U (en) | Cathode lead of magnetron | |
| CN100432538C (en) | Combination method of magnetron element for microwave oven and its combination material | |
| CN201562653U (en) | Electron gun cover plate assembly die | |
| US7898179B2 (en) | Discharge lamp exhibiting reduced thermal stress and method of making such a lamp | |
| JPH0419659B2 (en) | ||
| JP2708534B2 (en) | Magnetron assembly method | |
| JPS61190833A (en) | Magnetron for microwave oven | |
| CN114975038A (en) | Ka-waveband kilowatt-level broadband high-power pulse traveling wave tube |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |