CN107239657B - Object-oriented hydrodynamics modeling element management method - Google Patents
Object-oriented hydrodynamics modeling element management method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides an object-oriented hydrodynamics modeling element management method, which comprises the following steps: acquiring various types of basic data of hydrodynamic modeling, and establishing model elements of flood analysis modeling facing to an object according to the various types of basic data, wherein the model elements comprise: the one-dimensional river network model element, two-dimensional shallow water model element, city pipe network model element, one-dimensional river network model element includes: one-dimensional river network data and hydrological sequences; the two-dimensional shallow water model elements comprise: two-dimensional grid data and time series; the city pipe network model element comprises: the system comprises a sub catchment area, pipe sections, nodes, a hydrological station network, a curve set, a time mode and LID control; for each model element, creation, deletion, drawing, and import functions are provided. According to the method, one-dimensional, two-dimensional and two-dimensional coupling urban pipe network and pipe network two-dimensional model elements are established by acquiring relevant basic data of flood, so that a flood analysis model suitable for rural river networks and urban pipe networks is built, and the method is suitable for subsequent flood analysis in different areas.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of hydrodynamic analysis, in particular to an object-oriented hydrodynamics modeling element management method.
Background
As an important tool for compiling flood risk graphs, flood analysis software is always the dominant position of foreign business software. China is a water conservancy large country, and the achievement of drawing attention in many aspects of the water conservancy field is achieved, but a domestic flood analysis software brand is not formed in China. Mountain torrents and urban floods are still disaster events which threaten lives and properties of people greatly, and the realization of reliable analysis on flood by using a flood analysis method is a technical problem which needs to be solved currently.
The situations of flood in different geographic areas are correspondingly different, and the models are mainly divided into models of river networks, shallow water, urban pipe networks and the like, and how to establish corresponding model elements according to different area models is a technical problem to be solved at present so as to be suitable for subsequent flood analysis in different areas.
Disclosure of Invention
The object of the present invention is to solve at least one of the technical drawbacks mentioned.
Therefore, the invention aims to provide an object-oriented hydrodynamical modeling element management method.
In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present invention provides an object-oriented hydrodynamical modeling element management method, including the steps of:
step S1, acquiring various basic data of hydrodynamics modeling, including river network, grid and pipe network data;
step S2, establishing model elements for the flood analysis modeling facing the object according to the multiple types of basic data, wherein the model elements comprise: one-dimensional river network model elements, two-dimensional shallow water model elements and urban pipe network model elements,
the one-dimensional river network model elements comprise: one-dimensional river network data and hydrologic sequences, wherein the one-dimensional river network data comprises: river reach, zero-dimensional element, relation element and section node;
the two-dimensional shallow water model elements comprise: two-dimensional mesh data and a time series, the two-dimensional mesh data including: nodes, edge elements, units, buildings, point sources, control points, control sections and simple river channels;
the city pipe network model elements comprise: a sub-catchment area, a pipe segment, a node, a hydrological station network, a set of curves, a time pattern, and LID control, the pipe segment comprising: a pipeline, an orifice, a water outlet, a pump station and a weir; the node comprises: the water storage node is connected with the water storage node;
step S3, for each of the model elements, providing creating, deleting, drawing, and importing functions.
Further, the boundary conditions include: water level boundary, flow boundary and water level flow relation;
the control parameters include: calculating start-stop time, outputting the start-stop time, calculating step length and outputting the step length;
the calculation result data includes: one-dimensional calculation results, two-dimensional calculation results and pipe network calculation results.
Further, the edge element includes:
boundary edge elements which are boundaries of the whole grid and correspond to the boundaries set during grid splitting;
the control line edge element is an edge element corresponding to data such as roads, embankments and the like and corresponds to building data such as weirs, gates and the like;
common edge elements, other edge elements except boundary edge elements and control line edge elements.
Furthermore, the unit comprises nodes and edge elements, the nodes and the edge elements are unique codes, the nodes and the edge elements stored in the unit are arranged according to a counterclockwise sequence, and the unit is set with roughness, runoff, infiltration, area coefficient, elevation interpolation, rainfall partition and rainfall partition clearing.
Further, the roughness is provided with special topic setting and sets up two kinds of modes in batches:
(1) setting a special subject: setting the special topic by loading the roughness vector data to set the roughness, loading the roughness file in the shp format, matching fields and finishing the setting of the roughness special topic;
2) batch setting: the batch setting can be used for uniformly setting all grids, inputting the roughness value and finishing the batch setting of the roughness.
Further, in the two-dimensional shallow water model element,
the control points correspond to the units and are used for monitoring data such as water level, water depth, flow velocity and the like at key positions, and the data such as the water level, the water depth, the flow velocity and the like of the set control points can be directly checked in model post-processing;
the control section consists of a plurality of continuous edge elements, and the flow and water level process at the position of the section is calculated in real time and used in a subsequent calculation scheme.
Further, the method also comprises the following steps: creating the two-dimensional coupling model element according to the one-dimensional river network model element and the two-dimensional shallow water model element, wherein the two-dimensional coupling model element comprises the following steps: a lateral connection and a forward connection, wherein,
the lateral connection is used for recording the coupling information of a group of adjacent sections and a plurality of edge elements, the forward connection is used for recording the coupling information of the head and tail sections of the river channel and the plurality of edge elements,
the lateral connection and the forward connection both comprise the following steps: and selecting river reach and section groups in sequence, setting left and right bank edge elements, editing the coupling relationship, exchanging left and right banks, automatically partitioning the left and right banks and clearing the connection relationship.
Further, the method also comprises the following steps: presetting a curve set, wherein the curve set comprises: the system comprises a pump station curve, a water storage curve, a flow dividing curve, a shape curve, a control curve, a performance curve, a tidal water curve, a section curve and a water level flow relation curve.
Further, in the urban pipe network model element, a sub-catchment area is created by adopting one of the following three methods: setting a sub-catchment area by importing shape data, manually drawing, and creating the sub-catchment area by a Thiessen polygon.
According to the object-oriented hydrodynamics modeling element management method, one-dimensional, two-dimensional and two-dimensional coupling urban pipe networks and pipe network two-dimensional model elements are established by acquiring relevant basic data of flood, so that a flood analysis model suitable for rural river networks and urban pipe networks is built, and the method is suitable for subsequent flood analysis in different areas.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for object-oriented hydrodynamical modeling element management according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of one-dimensional model elements according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a tree diagram of one-dimensional model elements according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of pipe network model elements according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a tree diagram of pipe network model elements according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a two-dimensional model element according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 7 is a tree diagram of two-dimensional model elements according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 8 is a data organization scheme according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the method for managing object-oriented hydrodynamical modeling elements according to the embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps:
step S1, acquiring various basic data of hydrodynamics modeling, including river network, grid and pipe network data;
step S2, establishing model elements for the flood analysis modeling facing the object according to the multiple types of basic data, wherein the model elements comprise: one-dimensional river network model elements, two-dimensional shallow water model elements and urban pipe network model elements,
1) the one-dimensional river network model elements comprise: one-dimensional river network data and hydrologic sequences, wherein the one-dimensional river network data comprises: river reach, zero-dimensional element, relation element and section node.
Specifically, referring to fig. 2 and 3, the one-dimensional river network model is mainly developed for the one-dimensional hydrodynamic problem, and can dynamically simulate the hydrodynamic problem of the river to help manage and operate the river system.
The one-dimensional river network model is mainly characterized in that:
(1) the one-dimensional river network model has strong river simulation capability, can process thousands of river networks and is used for managing flood control engineering and reservoir scheduling problems.
(2) The one-dimensional river network model can simulate various hydraulic buildings, including pump stations, universal weirs and weir gates.
(3) The one-dimensional river network model can be used independently or coupled with a two-dimensional shallow water model.
(4) The one-dimensional river network model can inquire river channel water level information, process data, river reach information and section information in real time.
The one-dimensional river network model elements comprise a one-dimensional river network and a hydrologic sequence, the one-dimensional river network comprises a river network, a zero-dimensional area, a connection element and a section node, and the hydrologic sequence comprises a hydrologic station network and a time sequence. The contact elements include: pump station, general weir, weir gate and water level flow relation.
(1) River reach
Introducing into a river reach: the river reach data is the center line data of the river channel, and river reach center line data in rrws, txt, xls/xlsxsx formats can be imported, wherein, the rrws format data is IFMS1.0 version derivation data. The system may also import Shape data to determine river segments.
Drawing elements: and manual river network drawing in the map display area is supported. And drawing a river reach on the map display area, and popping up a section group setting dialog box by the system after drawing. And selecting a section group, and recalculating the coordinates. And the system recalculates the position information of each section of the river reach according to the pile number of the selected section group and the drawn river reach and displays the space information of the river reach in a map window.
Setting a section group: the newly-built river reach can carry out operations such as setting section group, river reach section editing, batch editing. And setting a section group, selecting a corresponding section group, matching the section with the river reach, recalculating the coordinates, and automatically recalculating the coordinates of the left bank and the right bank.
In the using process, if the coordinates of the section group and the coordinates of the center line of the river reach are matched with each other (if the coordinates are both measured data), the coordinates do not need to be calculated again. If the coordinate item is recalculated, the system performs linear interpolation according to the actual length of the central line of the river reach and the proportion of the pile number of each section in the selected section group, and recalculates the coordinates of the left and right banks of the section and the pile number. This function is typically used in situations where the river course centerline does not spatially match the profile coordinates.
Editing the section of the river reach: and checking and editing the name, pile number, main groove roughness, beach pool roughness, left and right bank coordinate information, section origin distance and elevation in the section list, and checking the name, main groove roughness, beach pool roughness, pile number, deep body line, left bank fixed elevation, right bank fixed elevation, river width and node number in the section information bar.
Batch editing: the section name, the main groove roughness, the beach pool roughness and the elevation can be edited in batch. The system provides two section name naming modes, namely name + serial number and name + stake number.
And (3) exporting the section groups: cross section group data in rs format can be derived.
River reach profile: the information of the longitudinal section of the river reach can be checked and comprises a deep body line and the heights of the left and right bank tops.
Node generalization: the head and tail sections of the river reach and the cross sections of different river reach need to be subjected to generalization treatment, and the sections are selected by points or frames on an interface. The default value of the section node number is 0, and the section node number changes after generalization. The same node number represents that the two sections are connected and can exchange flow. The connected sections are represented as small squares rendered in the same color on the map display interface.
And (3) cancellation of generalization: and selecting an interface needing to cancel generalization, resetting the node number of the section to be 0, and showing that the small square disappears on the map display interface.
Automatic generalization: a threshold (maximum 2000) is set, and two sections are considered to be connectable if the distance between their center points is less than the threshold, automatically being generalized to the same node. The head and tail sections of the river reach are automatically generalized.
(2) Elements of zero dimension
The zero-dimensional elements represent regulated water storage buildings of reservoirs, lakes and the like. Providing: and introducing related configuration and curve generation functions such as boundaries, drawing elements, connection elements, pump stations, universal weirs, weir gates, water level and flow relations and the like.
And determining the boundary of the zero-dimensional element through the shape file. The file in shp format is imported as a boundary. And after the boundary is imported, parameter information of the zero-dimensional elements is set, and parameters required to be set by the zero-dimensional elements comprise names, node numbers, corresponding storage capacities of bottom heights and bottom heights, layering quantity, water level area relations and the like. The water level in the relation of the water level area is obtained according to the bottom height, the layering height and the layering number, and is an arithmetic progression. The node number of the zero-dimensional element must coincide with the node number of the section to which it is connected. And adding a corresponding area numerical value in the water level area relation column, or directly pasting the data into the column by right clicking the column. The connection elements mainly describe the connection relation of various simulation areas, and mainly refer to a pump station, a weir, a gate and the like for controlling the water flow movement in a watershed. The related classification includes four kinds of relation, namely a pump station, a general weir, a weir gate and water level and flow. The first 3 classes all need inflow and outflow elements, the water level flow relation only needs outflow elements, and the inflow and outflow elements can be cross sections or zero-dimensional elements. The pump station attribute settings include inflow information, outflow information, pump station name, and pump station capacity (pump station pumping capacity, unit m 3/s). In the general weir attribute setting, the parameters include floor height, formula coefficients and indices. In the weir gate attribute setting, parameters include width, bottom height, maximum opening degree or slope, submerged outflow coefficient and free outflow coefficient. In the setting of the water level flow rate attribute, the water level flow rate relation curve is added to the curve set, and the added water level flow rate relation curve is selected from the sequence data.
2) The two-dimensional shallow water model elements comprise: two-dimensional mesh data and a time series, the two-dimensional mesh data including: nodes, edge elements, units, buildings, point sources, control points, control sections and simple river channels.
Specifically, referring to fig. 4 and 5, the two-dimensional shallow water model is mainly developed for the hydrodynamic problems of a two-dimensional river channel, a flood prevention area and a flood storage area.
The two-dimensional shallow water model is mainly characterized in that:
(1) the two-dimensional shallow water model can calculate large water surface discontinuity and can capture shock waves.
(2) The two-dimensional shallow water model considers the porosity and uses a large-scale grid to consider the influence of houses and the like.
(3) The two-dimensional shallow water model has a powerful mesh generation engine.
(4) The two-dimensional shallow water model can be used independently or coupled with a one-dimensional river network model.
(5) And adding buildings such as weirs, gates, break mouths and the like.
(6) The flood arrival time data can be output, the flood risk map data can be derived, the submerging process data can be derived, the appointed moment data can be output, the river channel section data can be inquired, and the flow field information can be checked.
The two-dimensional shallow water model elements comprise: two-dimensional grid data and a time series, the two-dimensional grid data including: nodes, edge elements, units, buildings, point sources, control points, control sections and simple river channels. Wherein, the edge element includes: boundary edge elements which are boundaries of the whole grid and correspond to the boundaries set during grid splitting; the control line edge element is an edge element corresponding to data such as roads, embankments and the like and corresponds to building data such as weirs, gates and the like; common edge elements, other edge elements except boundary edge elements and control line edge elements.
A cell consists of nodes and edges, with a unique code. The nodes and edge elements stored in the unit are arranged according to a counterclockwise sequence. And setting roughness, runoff, infiltration, area coefficient, elevation interpolation, rainfall partition and rainfall partition clearing for the unit.
The roughness is provided with two modes of special topic setting and batch setting.
(1) Setting a special subject: topic setting sets the coarseness by loading the coarseness vector data. And loading a roughness file in an shp format, matching fields and finishing the setting of the special roughness. Configuration files in the rghs format set up land type roughness configuration lists
2) Batch setting: the batch setting can be used for uniformly setting all grids, inputting the roughness value and finishing the batch setting of the roughness. It is selectable whether only the selected cell is set.
The production flow is provided with two modes of batch setting and partition setting:
(1) batch setting is carried out by importing attribute data and a field calculator to set production flow parameters in batches. The production stream types comprise three types, namely Horton, GreenAmpth and CurveNumber.
(2) And setting the production flow parameters by importing vector data in a shp format. And loading the vector data in the shp format, and completing parameter setting after matching the fields.
Setting infiltration: the infiltration parameters comprise water conductivity and underground water level, the unit of the water conductivity is m/s, and the negative value of the underground water level indicates that the water level is higher than the ground.
Setting an area coefficient: the area coefficient represents the proportion of the two-dimensional grid participating in calculation, namely the water passing rate of the grid. The area coefficient can be set according to the building area and can be set in batch.
Elevation interpolation: and importing scattered data in asc format, raster data in tif format and raster data in img format to perform elevation interpolation. The interpolation parameters include power, number of neighbor points, and invalid data. The power represents the relation between the distance from the center point of the grid to the scatter point, the adjacent points represent the interpolation of 12 points which are selected to be closest to the center of the grid, and the invalid data represents that the elevation is-9999 and is invalid elevation data.
Setting a rainfall partition: one is set by importing polygon vector data files in the shp format, and the other is to directly generate a Thiessen polygon according to the position of a rainfall station.
Unit attribute: in batch editing, a user can view and edit the elevation, the roughness, the area coefficient, the runoff generating parameter, the infiltration parameter, the initial water level, the unit type, the initial flow rate, the rainfall calculation and the like of the units in batch. In the unit attribute, the name and area fields cannot be modified, and the background is set to be gray in the interface (the other various element batch editing interfaces are set in the same way).
The edge elements are composed of nodes and have unique codes, the two nodes correspond to one edge element, and the condition that the two edge elements have the same node (only the sequence of the first node and the last node is different) does not exist. The edge element is the basis of data such as buildings, control sections and the like, and the attribute information of the edge element comprises a unique code (ID). The edge element attributes comprise a starting point number, an end point number, an edge element category, an edge element ground object type, an edge element elevation and an edge element length.
The edge elements are classified into boundary edge elements, control line edge elements, and normal edge elements. The boundary edge element is the boundary of the whole grid and corresponds to the boundary set during grid splitting. The control line edge element is an edge element corresponding to data of roads, embankments and the like, and the edge element generally corresponds to building data of weirs, gates and the like. The other edge elements are common edge elements.
Edge feature types are classified into rivers, general highways, expressways, railways, dikes, and other types. The attribute field is used for controlling the display style of the edge elements in the map scene, and the edge elements of different types are displayed in different line types. This field information does not affect the calculation process.
The edge elevation system defaults to-999. If the edge element elevation is set to be higher than the adjacent unit, the edge element elevation is automatically treated as a weir in the system, and the elevation of the weir top is the edge element elevation. This is often the case in embankments, roads, etc. and is automatically calculated as a weir in the model by selecting the corresponding control line edge elements and setting elevation data. The edge length is calculated by the system and generally does not need to be modified.
The elevation may be set using edge elements for a particular building, such as a railway, a dike, a highway, etc. The edge element elevation is set in two modes, one mode is that the elevation is set by importing a TXT file, and the other mode is that the elevation is set by the existing elevation.
In batch editing, the user can view and edit the attributes of the edge elements in batch, including description information, the types of the edge elements, the types of the ground features and the elevations. In the edge attribute, the name, the starting point, the end point and the length field cannot be modified, and the background is set to be grey in the interface. Selecting any edge object name, right clicking can carry out object attribute and highlight positioning operation. And simultaneously, clicking the edge selection element right on the map display area can also perform the operation.
The nodes are the vertexes of the composition units, and the node attributes including description information and elevation are set. Selecting any node object name, right clicking can carry out object attribute and highlight positioning operation. And the operation can be carried out by clicking the node right in the map display area.
The buildings refer to hydraulic buildings in the area and are associated with edge elements in the grid. The built-in building types of the system comprise a weir, a gate, a break port and water level flow. The weir parameters include name, weir length, weir width, ceiling height, flow coefficient, and shrinkage coefficient. And selecting the associated edge elements on a map interface, inputting each parameter of the weir, clicking (establishing the association), and finishing the addition of the weir. The control condition indicates in which state the current weir is enabled, and the weir may not be set. The gate parameters comprise gate name, gate length, gate width, bottom width, flow coefficient, side shrinkage coefficient, maximum opening height, gate opening and closing speed and actual opening height. The control condition indicates the current gate is started in which state, such as the upstream water level is greater than the downstream water level. The parameters of the burst opening comprise the name of the burst opening, the final elevation, the total width of the burst opening, the burst condition and the burst position. The crash conditions include time, water level, time and water level, time or water level. When the time and the water level are used as the burst control conditions, it indicates that both the time and the water level conditions satisfy the rear burst, and when the time or the water level is used as the burst control conditions, the burst occurs as long as both the time and the water level satisfy one of them. Whether or not to use the instantaneous burst mode can be selected, and if not, the burst start time and the gradual burst mode need to be set, wherein the gradual burst mode comprises an initial height, an initial width and a burst duration.
Adding the water level flow relationship requires adding the water level flow relationship curve at the curve set and then associating the water level flow relationship with the water level flow relationship in the building.
The adding of the pump station in the two-dimensional shallow water model is realized through a point source, and the point source is associated with the unit. The system provides two ways of adding point sources, manual addition and import Shape file addition.
The control points correspond to the units and are used for monitoring data such as water level, water depth, flow velocity and the like at key positions. In model post-processing, data such as water level, water depth, flow velocity and the like of the set control point can be directly checked.
The control section is composed of a plurality of continuous edge elements. In the model calculation process, the flow and water level process at the position of the section can be calculated in real time and stored in a calculation scheme. The flow process and water level process data can be viewed or output through the post-processing related functions.
In practical application, small river channels which have influence on flood discharge and cannot be ignored may exist in a two-dimensional calculation region, and if the small river channels are considered in a two-dimensional grid or a one-dimensional river network model is established independently, the grid quality is influenced to a great extent, so that the model efficiency and stability are influenced. In order to solve the problem, a simple river channel function is released in the two-dimensional model, namely, the influence of the river channel width on the grid is not considered, and the one-dimensional river channel is added on the grid edge element, so that the grid division and the model calculation efficiency are not influenced. The section of the simple river channel can be set to be rectangular or trapezoidal in a generalized mode, a system can automatically establish two-dimensional coupling after the simple river channel is added, and a one-dimensional calculation engine is a finite volume method.
3) The city pipe network model element comprises: a sub-catchment area, a pipe segment, a node, a hydrological station network, a set of curves, a time pattern, and LID control, the pipe segment comprising: a pipeline, an orifice, a water outlet, a pump station and a weir; the node comprises: connecting node, shunt, discharge port and retaining node.
Specifically, referring to fig. 6 and 7, the URBAN Flood analysis software IFMS URBAN is an independent URBAN drainage model software in IFMS (IWHR-Integrated Flood Modeling System) series software, is mainly developed for the URBAN storm Flood problem, includes two models, namely, a one-dimensional pipe network model and a two-dimensional surface hydrodynamics model, and realizes real-time interaction of the two models. The one-dimensional module is used for analog computation of water flow of a pipe duct (comprising a drainage pipe network and a river network), the two-dimensional module is used for evolution simulation of ground water flow (such as a street and a square), and the coupling module is mainly used for water flow interactive computation of the one-dimensional module and the two-dimensional module. In addition, a rainfall runoff calculation model is also included in the one-dimensional module, and urban rainfall runoff production calculation can be performed by selecting methods such as an SCS-CN runoff production model, a Horton runoff production model and a Green-Ampt runoff production model.
Urban flood analysis application direction:
(1) and (4) urban rainstorm waterlogging risk analysis. The method has the capability of simulating and calculating the urban rainfall runoff and the water flow dynamic condition of an urban drainage system (including a pipe network and a river network), and can simulate the urban flood surface evolution and risk analysis by constructing a two-dimensional coupling hydrodynamic model;
(2) urban rainstorm waterlogging real-time prediction early warning system. Coupling weather fine forecasting and real-time rainwater conditions, quickly forecasting streets with possible accumulated water and accumulated water depth, and providing support for urban real-time waterlogging early warning;
(3) and (4) evaluating and optimally designing the urban drainage pipe network system. The method provides selection of a plurality of calculation methods such as motion waves, dynamic waves, constant flows and the like, can process a large-scale pipe network drainage system, has the capability of simulating pressure flow and non-pressure flow, and can conveniently evaluate and optimally design the urban drainage pipe network;
(4) evaluation and optimization design of urban rainfall flood regulation facilities (sponge). The system comprises independent surface runoff yield, surface overflow and pipe duct confluence modules, and can effectively evaluate and optimize some common low-impact development measures and drainage facilities (such as pump stations and water reservoirs).
The city pipe network model elements comprise a city pipe network, a rainfall station, a time sequence, a curve set, LID control and a time mode. The urban pipe network comprises a word water gathering area, nodes and pipe sections.
The pipe section includes: a pipeline, an orifice, a water outlet, a pump station and a weir; the node comprises: connecting node, shunt, discharge port and retaining node.
A sub-catchment area: the method can realize the operations of importing the Shape, exporting the Shape, editing the image layer, drawing elements, creating a sub-catchment area, automatically filling a rainfall station, setting an infiltration method, setting a water outlet, setting infiltration parameters and the like.
The invention provides three methods for creating a sub-catchment area, wherein the first method is to set the sub-catchment area by importing shape data, the second method is to manually draw, and the third method is to create the sub-catchment area by a Thiessen polygon. If the sub-catchment areas are provided with the rainfall stations, the rainfall stations need to be filled into the corresponding sub-catchment areas.
The invention provides a infiltration method of a five-seed catchment area. The device comprises a Hoton Horton, an improved Hoton Modified Horton, a Green-Amptet Green-Ampt, an improved Green-Amptet Modified Green-Ampt and a runoff Curve Curve Number.
The invention provides a method for checking and editing the attribute of a sub-catchment area, which comprises the following steps of object name, description information, a rain gauge, a water outlet, area, width, draining time, gradient, impermeability, maximum permeability rate, minimum permeability rate, attenuation constant, maximum volume, underground water information, snow accumulation information, curbstone length, impermeability roughness coefficient N value, permeability roughness coefficient N value, impermeable depression water storage, permeable depression water storage, non-depression water storage impermeability, sub-area calculation type and calculation percentage. And selecting the name of any sub-catchment area object, and right clicking to perform the operations of object attribute, object deletion and highlight positioning. The sub-catchment area has LID control besides the basic attribute, the sub-catchment area attribute and the area attribute, and preset LID control measures can be added and corresponding parameters can be set.
The pipe section mainly comprises five elements: the pipeline, the orifice, the water outlet, the pump station and the weir are consistent in the leading-in and drawing processes. Two methods for creating a pipe section are provided, the first method is to set the pipe section by importing shape data, and the second method is to draw manually. The pipeline attributes comprise object names, description information, starting points, ending points, maximum depths, lengths, roughness coefficients, water inflow offset, water outflow offset and the like.
A node includes four elements: the connection node, the flow divider, the discharge port and the water storage node are consistent in the guiding and drawing processes.
Step S3, for each of the model elements, providing creating, deleting, drawing, and importing functions.
4) A two-dimensional coupling model is mainly developed aiming at flood risk map compilation, comprises a one-dimensional river network module and a two-dimensional hydrodynamic module, and realizes real-time interaction of the two models. The one-dimensional river network model is used for one-dimensional hydrodynamic simulation of a river channel, the two-dimensional shallow water model is used for hydrodynamic simulation of the river channel and a stagnant flood storage area, and the coupling module is used for performing interactive calculation on water flow of the model and the two-dimensional model.
A two-dimensional coupled model characteristic:
(1) a two-dimensional coupling model can macroscopically integrate the relations between upstream and downstream, left and right banks, trunk and branch flows, between a river channel and a stagnant flood storage area, and between a main groove in the river channel and a beach.
(2) A two-dimensional coupling model can simulate the flood evolution route, the arrival time, the submerging depth, the submerging range and the flow velocity, and carry out prediction analysis on flood disasters.
Referring to fig. 8, creating the two-dimensional coupled model element according to the one-dimensional river network model element and the two-dimensional shallow water model element includes: the method comprises the following steps of lateral connection and forward connection, wherein the lateral connection is used for recording coupling information of a group of adjacent sections and a plurality of edge elements, and the forward connection is used for recording coupling information of the head-tail sections and the plurality of edge elements of the river channel.
The lateral connection and the forward connection comprise the following steps: and selecting river reach and section groups in sequence, setting left and right bank edge elements, editing the coupling relationship, exchanging left and right banks, automatically partitioning the left and right banks and clearing the connection relationship.
1. Selecting a river course in the settings interface, the user may select a river course in the river course drop down list to create a coupling. And after the river reach is selected, listing all the sections line by line in the left list of the interface by taking the adjacent sections as units according to the upstream and downstream sequence.
2. Selecting a section group, clicking to select a certain row, and automatically selecting a corresponding section in a map interface by the system; double clicking the row can quickly locate the corresponding area. If the section group has set the related edge element, the corresponding edge element is highlighted at the same time. The section groups can be selected singly or in multiple ways. When multiple lines are selected, the system highlights all selected sections and edge lists. 3. When the left and right bank edge elements are arranged in a lateral connection mode, the edge elements are required to be distinguished from the left bank or the right bank of the river reach. The judgment mode is that the left side is a left bank and the right side is a right bank according to the direction from the upstream to the downstream of the river channel. When a single section group is selected, the edge elements selected here automatically establish a coupling relationship with the corresponding section group. When a plurality of section groups are selected, the system automatically distributes the selected edge elements to each section group according to the position relation between the sections and the edge elements. The result of automatic calculation may not be in accordance with the reality, especially for a river channel with a complex shape and a large curvature, and the error probability of the calculation result is high. Therefore, the coupling information needs to be checked and modified after batch setting.
4. Editing of coupling relationships
5. Exchanging left and right banks: when a lateral connection is provided, there is a possibility that the left and right bank arrangements are reversed. In order to avoid repeated operation of a user, the function of exchanging left and right banks is provided.
6. When the left and right bank selection edge elements are automatically distinguished, a user can directly select the left and right bank edge elements simultaneously by using a frame selection tool. At this time, all the edge lists are stored in the same column.
7. And clearing the single or multiple section groups selected by the connection information, and clearing the edge element information corresponding to the selected sections.
And recording coupling information of the head and tail sections of the river channel and a series of edge elements by forward connection. The basic operation is similar to that of a lateral connection and will not be repeated here.
After the construction of the urban pipe network and the two-dimensional shallow water model is completed, a two-dimensional pipe network coupling layer is newly built, a two-dimensional pipe network coupling element interface is popped up and created, pipe network elements and a two-dimensional grid are named and selected, and the establishment of the topological relation is completed.
The newly-built pipe network coupling element appears in the left layer management area, and the setting of establishing lateral connection, deleting the element and layer attribute can be carried out. When the lateral connection is established to calculate the earth surface confluence, in order to consider the interaction water volume (such as overflow of the river channel) between the urban river channel or the pipe channel with partial opening and the earth surface through two banks, the lateral connection between the pipe channel and the two-dimensional grid needs to be established. And selecting the pipe sections and unit edges to be connected, setting tolerance and completing the establishment of the lateral connection. The operations of inquiring the connected pipe sections and unit edges and adding the unit edges can be carried out on the existing lateral connection.
According to the object-oriented hydrodynamics modeling element management method, one-dimensional, two-dimensional and two-dimensional coupling urban pipe networks and pipe network two-dimensional model elements are established by acquiring relevant basic data of flood, so that a flood analysis model suitable for rural river networks and urban pipe networks is built, and the method is suitable for subsequent flood analysis in different areas.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the principle and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (4)
1. An object-oriented hydrodynamical modeling element management method, comprising the steps of:
step S1, acquiring various basic data of hydrodynamics modeling, including river network, grid and pipe network data;
step S2, establishing model elements for the flood analysis modeling facing the object according to the multiple types of basic data, wherein the model elements comprise: one-dimensional river network model elements, two-dimensional shallow water model elements and urban pipe network model elements,
the one-dimensional river network model elements comprise: one-dimensional river network data and hydrologic sequences, wherein the one-dimensional river network data comprises: river reach, zero-dimensional element, relation element and section node;
the two-dimensional shallow water model elements comprise: two-dimensional mesh data and a time series, the two-dimensional mesh data including: nodes, edge elements, units, buildings, point sources, control points, control sections and simple river channels; in the two-dimensional shallow water model element,
the control points correspond to the units and are used for monitoring water level, water depth and flow velocity data at key positions, and the water level, water depth and flow velocity data of the set control points can be directly checked in model post-processing;
the unit comprises nodes and edge elements, has unique codes, and is arranged according to a counterclockwise sequence, and the unit is set with roughness, runoff, infiltration, area coefficient, elevation interpolation, rainfall partition and rainfall partition clearing;
the roughness is provided with special topic setting and sets up two kinds of modes in batches:
(1) setting a special subject: setting the special topic by loading the roughness vector data to set the roughness, loading the roughness file in the shp format, matching fields and finishing the setting of the roughness special topic;
2) batch setting: the batch setting can be realized by uniformly setting all grids, inputting the roughness value and finishing the batch setting of the roughness;
the control section consists of a plurality of continuous edge elements, and the flow and water level process at the position of the section is calculated in real time and used in a subsequent calculation scheme;
the city pipe network model elements comprise: a sub-catchment area, a pipe segment, a node, a hydrological station network, a set of curves, a time pattern, and LID control, the pipe segment comprising: a pipeline, an orifice, a water outlet, a pump station and a weir; the node comprises: the water storage node is connected with the water storage node;
step S3, providing creating, deleting, drawing and importing functions for each model element;
creating the two-dimensional coupling model element according to the one-dimensional river network model element and the two-dimensional shallow water model element, wherein the two-dimensional coupling model element comprises the following steps: a lateral connection and a forward connection, wherein,
the lateral connection is used for recording the coupling information of a group of adjacent sections and a plurality of edge elements, the forward connection is used for recording the coupling information of the head and tail sections of the river channel and the plurality of edge elements,
the edge element comprises:
boundary edge elements which are boundaries of the whole grid and correspond to the boundaries set during grid splitting;
the control line edge element is an edge element corresponding to road and embankment data and corresponding to weir and gate building data;
common edge elements, other edge elements except boundary edge elements and control line edge elements;
the lateral connection and the forward connection both comprise the following steps: and selecting river reach and section groups in sequence, setting left and right bank edge elements, editing the coupling relationship, exchanging left and right banks, automatically partitioning the left and right banks and clearing the connection relationship.
2. The method for managing object-oriented hydrodynamical modeling element of claim 1, wherein the boundary conditions include: water level boundary, flow boundary and water level flow relation;
the control parameters include: calculating start-stop time, outputting the start-stop time, calculating step length and outputting the step length;
the calculation result data includes: one-dimensional calculation results, two-dimensional calculation results and pipe network calculation results.
3. The method for managing object-oriented hydrodynamic modeling elements according to claim 1, further comprising the steps of: presetting a curve set, wherein the curve set comprises: the system comprises a pump station curve, a water storage curve, a flow dividing curve, a shape curve, a control curve, a performance curve, a tidal water curve, a section curve and a water level flow relation curve.
4. The method for managing an object-oriented hydrokinetic modeling element according to claim 1, wherein the municipal pipe network model element creates sub-catchment areas by one of three methods: setting a sub-catchment area by importing shape data, manually drawing, and creating the sub-catchment area by a Thiessen polygon.
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