CN1072368A - 剃须系统 - Google Patents

剃须系统 Download PDF

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CN1072368A
CN1072368A CN92113249A CN92113249A CN1072368A CN 1072368 A CN1072368 A CN 1072368A CN 92113249 A CN92113249 A CN 92113249A CN 92113249 A CN92113249 A CN 92113249A CN 1072368 A CN1072368 A CN 1072368A
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blade
angle
cutting edge
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CN1042407C (zh
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罗伯特·A·特罗特塔
史蒂夫·辛格-希·哈恩
约翰·马迪拉
仲平·彼得·周
拉马尔·E·布鲁克斯
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Gillette Co LLC
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26BHAND-HELD CUTTING TOOLS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B26B21/00Razors of the open or knife type; Safety razors or other shaving implements of the planing type; Hair-trimming devices involving a razor-blade; Equipment therefor
    • B26B21/08Razors of the open or knife type; Safety razors or other shaving implements of the planing type; Hair-trimming devices involving a razor-blade; Equipment therefor involving changeable blades
    • B26B21/14Safety razors with one or more blades arranged transversely to the handle
    • B26B21/22Safety razors with one or more blades arranged transversely to the handle involving several blades to be used simultaneously
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26BHAND-HELD CUTTING TOOLS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B26B21/00Razors of the open or knife type; Safety razors or other shaving implements of the planing type; Hair-trimming devices involving a razor-blade; Equipment therefor
    • B26B21/54Razor-blades
    • B26B21/58Razor-blades characterised by the material
    • B26B21/60Razor-blades characterised by the material by the coating material

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Abstract

一种带有一刀片件的剃须系统,刀片件有一楔形 的切割刃,该刃是由主平面在距切割刃四十微米处成 一10°—17°的夹角而形成的。刀片安装在前、后 皮肤接触表面之间,这样刀片切向角小于20°,并且 刀片的内主平面相对于参考线以大于150°的角度 定位,参考线从刀片切割刃延伸到紧靠刀刃前方的皮 肤接触点。

Description

本发明涉及剃须系统,更具体说涉及湿剃型剃须系统。
湿剃型的剃须系统包括一个刀片结构和一个在一个或数个刀刃附近与使用者皮肤接触的表面。典型地,剃须系统包括一个前皮肤接触表面(刀片结构的切割刃前方)和一个后皮肤接触表面(刀片结构的后方)。前皮肤接触表面可被称为一个保护表面,后皮肤接触表面可被称为一个顶盖表面。皮肤接触表面与一个或数个刀刃配合并具有一或多个功能,例如限定剃须几何条件,被剃区域的皮肤张力,和/或在剃须行程期间将剃须辅助材料送到皮肤表面。剃须系统可以是一次性的卡盒型,适于与一剃刀手柄连接和脱开,或者可与手柄作成一体以便当刀片使钝时整个剃刀作为一个整体废弃。
典型的剃刀刀片由适当的金属或陶瓷之类的基片材料制成,并且楔形轮廓的刀刃形成一个顶端,其半径小于约1000埃。在使用时,剃刀刀片以相对于皮肤约25°的角度固定在一剃刀上,并且刀片在皮肤表面上移动,这样当刀刃遇到胡须时它借助于楔入作用通过逐渐进入就切入并切断该胡须。可以认为胡须的被切部分(其平均直径约为100微米)仍被压迫而与远离面部皮肤表面的刀片平面接触,而至多只能切入胡须直径的大约一半。这样,胡须就会远离刀片弯曲而减小了楔入力。所以,只是在刀刃后面的刀片尖端第一个六十微米处产生胡须和刀片平面之间的对切入的阻力,并且从切割点的观点看,在该区域的刀片尖端的几何形状是最重要的。可以认为减小平面之间的夹角可相应减小刀片连续切入胡须的阻力。然而,减小夹角往往就减小了刀片尖端的强度,所以根据所用材料的机械性质尖端往往会塑性变形(或因较脆的性质裂纹),从而造成永久损坏,这就会极大地破坏其切割性能,即刀刃变“钝”或“不锋利”。由于剃须条件苛刻并且频繁导致刀片损坏,为了提高剃须性能,可以采用一层附加的涂敷材料以提供这类性质,如改善的剃须性能,改善的硬度,提高的刀刃强度,耐久性和/或耐腐蚀性,同时不会有害地影响剃须刃的几何性质和效果。
已经发现其中遵守一定的几何关系的剃须系统的剃须性能可提供超级的剃须性质。这样一种剃须系统采用了一个带有楔形切割刃的刀片件,该切割刃由主平面限定,它们在距切割刃四十微米的区域形成一范围在10-17°的夹角。“刀片切向角”(BTA)被限定为限定刀片切割刃之夹角的平分线和一参考线之间的角度,该参考线从该切割刃延伸到一个与紧靠切割刃前方之皮肤接触表面相切的一个点。刀片安装在前,后皮肤接触表面之间,所以刀片切向角小于20°并且刀片的内主平面以大于150°的角度相对于一参考线定位,该参考线从刀片切割刃延伸到紧靠刀刃前方之皮肤接触点。
根据本发明最佳实施例的一复性切割刃剃须系统,包括两个以相互平行并隔开的关系定位的两个切割刃,以提供前后切割刃,这样在一次剃须行程中两个切割刃顺序地作用于被切割的胡须。切割刃以相互隔开并平行的关系被支承在位于切割刃前方的保护件结构和位于切割刃后方的顶盖结构之间。每个刀片的等分平面平行于刀片件的平面体,每个刀片件的刀片切向角小于20°,并且每个内主平面相对于其参考线以大于150°的角度定位。在特别实施例中,前皮肤接触表面是一个保护件并且本体结构包括隔开相对的槽对,用以为保护件和两个刀片件沿预定轨迹导向,在特别实施例中该轨迹是平行的直线轨迹,使得保护件和两个刀片件相对于本体结构作独立的弹性运动。后皮肤接触表面包括剃须辅助材料,在剃须行程中将其传送到皮肤表面。
在特别实施例中,每个刀片包括一个钢的基片并且主平面上带有一层加强材料,还带有楔形刀刃,加强材料层至少比基片硬两倍,并且从基片的尖端到距尖端100微米处加强材料的厚度至少为1200埃,并且每个顶端由顶平面限定,顶平面的长度为0.1-0.2微米并限定了一个至少60°的夹角。加强材料层最好是钻石或钻石状碳(DLC)材料并且在加强材料层上是一便于剃须材料的粘着聚合物涂层。
结合附图,从以下对特别实施例的描述中可看出本发明的其它特征和优点,其中:
图1是根据本发明之剃须系统的透视图;
图2是沿图1中2-2线所取的剖视图;
图3是根据本发明之另一剃须系统的透视图;
图4是沿图3中4-4线所取的剖视图;
图5是一示意图,示出一例根据本发明之剃须刀刃的几何形状;
图6是一放大视图,示出了用于图3所示实施例中的一刀片单元的一部分,并示出了适用于图1-4所示实施例的某些几何关系。
图1和2所示的剃须单元10为Dorian的美国专利3,786,563所示的类型,并包括用以安装于剃刀手柄上的结构和一由耐冲性聚苯乙烯模制的平台件12,该平台件12包括用以限定朝前并横向延伸之皮肤接触保护表面14的结构。安装于平台件12上的是带有锐边18的前刀片件16和带有锐边22的后刀片20。顶盖件24由耐冲性聚苯乙烯模制并带有用以限定后皮肤接触表面26的结构,该表面26位于刀刃22的后面。附加于顶盖件24上的是一剃须辅助组合物28。
图3和图4所示的剃须单元30为Jacobson的美国专利4,586,255所示的类型,并包括带有前部分34,后部分36和端壁38,40的模制体32。弹性地固定于本体32上的是保护件42,前刀片单元44和后刀片单元46。每个刀片单元44,46都包括一个带有锐边50的刀片件8。一剃须辅助组合物52靠摩擦固定于后部分36上的凹槽内。
参照图4的剖视图,保护件42和各刀片单元44,46分别通过弹簧夹58,60,62被向上偏置而顶在金属保持带54,56上,剃须单元30还包括附属延伸物64,66,它们各包括一弧形轨道保护表面,该表面而枢轴安装于一剃须刀手柄(未示出)上。
每个刀片单元44,46包括一个带有一导向部分72和一支承部分74的基部70,支承部分74相对于导向部分72以一个约109°的角度定位。固定于支承部分上的是一个刀片件48,该刀片件48为未决申请C7/792,427(名称为“剃须刀片技术”并在这里同时递交)所示的类型。
图5示出了刀片16,20和48的边缘区域和示意图。刀片包括带有一楔形锐边的不锈钢体部分80,该楔形锐边是在边缘成形珩磨作业的工序中形成的并形成一顶部82,该顶部82典型地具有一小于500埃(angstroms)的半径并带有以约13°的角度分开的平面84和86。位于顶部82和平面84,86上的是钼的夹层38,其厚度约为300埃。位于钼夹层88上的是钻石状碳(DLC)的外层90,其厚度约为2000埃并带有长度约为四分之一微米并限定一个约80°之夹角的平面92,94,平面92,94与以约13°的夹角定位的主平面表面96,98汇合,并且长度比(从DLC顶端100到不锈钢顶端82的距离(a)和顶端52处的DLC涂层90之厚度(b)的比)约为1.7。位于层90上的是一粘着的调聚物层102,随着沉积该层102具有较大的厚度,但在初始剃须期间被减小到单层厚度。
参照图6,刀片82带有一内平面96和一外平面98,它们在距顶端100的40微米处限定了一个约13°的夹角。等分线104相对于参考线108以约19°的BTA角106定位,该参考线108是紧接的朝前皮肤接触表面(在前刀片单元44的情况下为保护件42,在后刀片单元46的情况下为前刀片单元44的锐边50L)的切线。
在组件中,保护件42的导向部分位于本体32之端壁38,40上的槽内,并被弹簧夹58向上偏置顶在金属保持带54,56上;并且刀片单元44和46被类似地容纳于本体32之端壁38,40上的槽内并分别被弹簧夹60,62向上偏置顶在金属保持带54,56(它们限定了参考线108)上。
前刀片单元44的“刀片切向角”是一参考线104和一参考线108之间的角度106,其中参考线104平分前刀片单元44的切割刃50的夹角,参考线108从切割刃50L延伸到保护件42上的一皮肤接触点。类似地,后刀片单元46的“刀片切向角”是切割刃50T的等分平面104和一参考线108之间的角度106,其中参考线108从切割边50F延伸到刀片单元44的切割刃50L。由于保护件42和两个刀片单元44和46被向上偏置顶在金属保持带50,52上,所以两个参考线108是重合的。
将最后的剃须系统安装于一手柄上进行剃须,在剃须期间保护件42和刀片单元44,46相互独立地反抗弹簧夹58,60,62的偏置力移动,同时内平面94相对于由参考线108及保持带54,56限定之剃须平面的取向基本上保持在约154°的角度110不变。剃须系统提供了良好的剃须效果。
图1所示类型的剃须系统之几何关系基本上相同于图3所示系统的几何关系,不同之处是保护面14和刀片边缘18,22为相互固定的关系。更具体些每个刀片件16,20均包括一不锈钢体,其上设置一DLC层和一调聚物层。每个刀片16,20都带有一内平面84′和一外平面86′,它们在距其顶端40微米处限定了一个约13°的夹角。等分平面104′相对于参考线108′以约19°的角度定位,参考线108′是紧接的朝前皮肤接触表面(在前刀片16的情况下为保护件14,在后刀片20的情况下为前刀片16的锐边18)的切线;并且每个刀片16,20的内主平面96′相对于其BTA参考线108′以约154°的角度定位。剃须系统提供了良好的剃须效果。
上面已示出并描述本发明的特别实施例,对熟知此技术者来说各种变化都是显而易见的,所以本发明并不受所述实施例的限制,在一发明的精神的范围内可作多种改变。

Claims (12)

1、一种剃须系统,包括
本体结构,
由所述本体结构承载的刀片结构,
由所述本体结构承载的并在所述刀片结构前面的保护件结构,
位于所述刀片结构后面的后皮肤接触结构。
所述刀片结构带有一楔形的切割刃,它由一内和外主平面限定,在距所述切割刃四十微米的区域构成一个范围在10°-17°内的平面夹角,并且所述刀片结构安装在所述前和后皮肤接触表面之间,这样其刀片切向角小于20并且所述内主平面以高于150°的角度相对于参考线定位,所述参考线从所述刀片结构的所述切割刃延伸到紧靠所述切割刃前面的皮肤接触点。
2、如权利要求1所述的系统,其中所述刀片结构包括两个刀片件,以其切割刃以相互平行并隔开的关系定位,从而提供一前和后切割刃,这样在一次剃须行程期间两个切割刃顺序地作用于待切割的胡须。
3、如权利要求2所述的系统,其中所述切割刃以相互平行隔开的关系被支承在所述切割刃前方的所述保护结构和所述切割刃后方的顶盖结构之间。
4、如权利要求2所述的系统,其中所述本体结构包括隔开并相对的槽对,用以为所述保护结构和所述两个刀片件沿预定的平行直线轨迹移动导向,这样保护件和所述两个刀片相对于所述本体结构作独立的弹性运动。
5、权利要求1所述的系统,其中所述切割刃的等分平面平行于所述刀片结构的平面体。
6、如权利要求1所述的系统,其中所述后皮肤接触表面包括在剃须行程期间送到皮肤表面的剃须辅助材料。
7、如权利要求1所述的系统,其中所述刀片结构包括一钢的基片并在所述主平面和所述楔形边上带有一层加强材料,所述加强材料层至少比所述基片硬两倍并且其厚度至少为1200埃,并且所述刀片结构的顶端由顶平面限定,顶平面的长度为约0.1-0.2微米并限定了一个至少60°的夹角。
8、如权利要求7所述的系统,其中所述加强材料层是钻石或钻石状碳(DLC)材料,在所述加强材料层上是便于剃须材料的粘着聚合物涂层。
9、一种剃须系统,包括限定隔开之皮肤接触表面的支承结构,和固定在所述支承结构上的剃刀刀片结构,所述剃刀刀片结构包括一个带有楔形边缘的基片,该楔形边缘由在距尖端四十微米处成至少十七度之夹角的内和外主平面限定;和一层在所述楔形边缘上的加强材料,从所述基片的尖端到距尖端四十微米处所述加强材料的厚度至少为1200埃,和一个由平面限定的顶端,这些平面的长度至少是0.1微米并限定一个至少为六十度的夹角,并且加强材料的硬度至少是所述基片的两倍,所述楔形边缘以小于20°的刀片切向角位于所述皮肤表面之间并且所述内主平面相对于其刀片切向角参考线成大于150°的角度。
10、如权利要求9所述的剃须系统,其中所述剃刀刀片结构包括两个基片,并且所述涂敷的楔形边缘在所述皮肤接触表面之间相互平行设置。
11、如权利要求10所述的剃须系统,其中每个所述加强材料层都为钻石或钻石状碳材料;并在所述钻石或钻石状碳材料层上还进一步包括一粘着的聚合物涂层。
12、如权利要求9所述的剃须系统,其中所述基片是钢;所述楔形边缘是通过机械研磨工序形成的;并且所述加强材料层是通过阴极真空喷镀形成的。
CN92113249A 1991-11-15 1992-11-14 剃须刀 Expired - Fee Related CN1042407C (zh)

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CN1072368A true CN1072368A (zh) 1993-05-26
CN1042407C CN1042407C (zh) 1999-03-10

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US5497550A (en) 1996-03-12
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EP0612280A1 (en) 1994-08-31
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CA2122905A1 (en) 1993-05-27
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RU2106241C1 (ru) 1998-03-10
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ZA928617B (en) 1993-05-11
MA22708A1 (fr) 1993-07-01
WO1993009921A1 (en) 1993-05-27
SK56694A3 (en) 1994-11-09
DE69224531D1 (de) 1998-04-02
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TR27597A (tr) 1995-06-13
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