CN107222122B - Capacitor hybrid multistage inductance energy storage type pulse power supply - Google Patents
Capacitor hybrid multistage inductance energy storage type pulse power supply Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
- H03K3/00—Circuits for generating electric pulses; Monostable, bistable or multistable circuits
- H03K3/02—Generators characterised by the type of circuit or by the means used for producing pulses
- H03K3/53—Generators characterised by the type of circuit or by the means used for producing pulses by the use of an energy-accumulating element discharged through the load by a switching device controlled by an external signal and not incorporating positive feedback
- H03K3/57—Generators characterised by the type of circuit or by the means used for producing pulses by the use of an energy-accumulating element discharged through the load by a switching device controlled by an external signal and not incorporating positive feedback the switching device being a semiconductor device
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Abstract
A capacitor hybrid type multistage inductance energy storage type pulse power supply belongs to the field of electromagnetic emission. The pulseThe power supply comprises a primary power supply USN-level inductance unit, energy conversion capacitor C and pulse adjustment inductor LCThyristor T1、T2、T3And the diode D and the n-stage inductance units are connected in parallel and have the same structure. The inductance unit in the pulse power supply consists of a strong coupling energy storage inductance L1、L2The homonymous terminals are connected in series. Compared with the existing capacitor hybrid inductor energy storage type pulse power supply, the pulse power supply has good expandability, higher energy conversion capacitor pre-charging voltage recovery ratio and higher energy storage density. In addition, the pulse power supply also inherits the advantages of the existing capacitor hybrid inductor energy storage type pulse power supply, namely has the characteristics of low cost, high energy storage energy level, simple volume, high and controllable amplification factor of charging and discharging current, no second-order process of inductive current, no second-order negative half-wave of load current, automatic recovery of energy conversion capacitor pre-charging voltage and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an inductive energy storage type pulse power supply, in particular to a capacitive hybrid multistage inductive energy storage type pulse power supply, and belongs to the technical field of electromagnetic emission.
Background
Electromagnetic emission is an emerging technology for accelerating objects with electromagnetic forces. Compared with the traditional transmitting technology, the electromagnetic transmission has the advantages of high energy efficiency, high control precision, high response speed and the like. With the continuous development of scientific technology (especially computer control technology and power electronic technology), the practical application of electromagnetic emission technology is accelerating. An electromagnetic transmission system generally consists of a transmitter, a transmitted component and a pulse power supply. The main function of the pulse power supply is to provide the transmitter with pulse current of short time (millisecond order), high amplitude (megaampere order) and high power (gigawatt order). Pulse power supplies are often classified into mechanical energy storage type, capacitive energy storage type, and inductive energy storage type according to the type of energy storage. The typical representation of mechanical energy storage is a pulse generator set with a rotary machine as a core component, and the main advantages are high energy storage density and complex structure, difficult cooling and the need of storing multiple emission energies in one emission. The capacitor energy storage is the most widely applied energy storage form at present, and has the main advantages of simple principle, mature technology, easy control, lower cost and the like, and has the main defects of low energy storage density and large system volume. Inductive energy storage is a research hotspot in recent years, and has the main advantages of higher energy storage density, simpler structure and easy cooling, and has the main disadvantages of difficult current conversion and higher coil loss.
The chinese patent application (application number: 2016103879359) proposes "a capacitor hybrid inductor energy storage type pulse power supply for electromagnetic transmission", and the principle thereof is shown in fig. 1. The pulse power supply comprises a primary power supply USEnergy storage inductor L1、L2Energy conversion capacitor C and pulse adjusting inductor LCThyristor T1、T2、T3And a diode D. The working process of the pulse power supply comprises the following steps: trigger thyristor T1Conducting, primary power supply USFor an energy-storing inductor L1、L2Charging; when the inductor charging current rises to a specified value, the thyristor T is triggered2Conducting, discharging the energy conversion capacitor C, forcing the thyristor T1The current is rapidly reduced; in the thyristor T1After the energy conversion capacitor C is turned off due to zero crossing of current and back pressure bearing, the energy conversion capacitor C continues to be an energy storage inductor L1、L2Charging; when the energy conversion capacitor C is about to be exhausted after pre-charging energy, the diode D is conducted, and the energy storage inductor L1The current of the inductor is rapidly reduced, and the energy storage inductor L2The current of the energy storage inductor L is increased rapidly, the load current is increased rapidly, and the energy storage inductor L1、L2The leakage inductance energy between the two capacitors is collected by an energy conversion capacitor C; in the thyristor T2After the energy storage inductor L is turned off due to zero crossing of current and back pressure bearing2Discharging directly to the load; trigger thyristor T3When the capacitor is conducted, the leakage inductance energy collected by the energy conversion capacitor C passes through C → load → D → LC→ T3Discharging to the load in the → C loop to generate a secondary peak of the load current; in the thyristor T3After the energy storage inductor L is turned off due to zero crossing of current and back pressure bearing2Directly discharging to the load until the load is disconnected or the diode D current drops to zero. In general, the pulse power supply has low costThe energy storage capacity is high, the volume is simplified, the amplification factor of the charging and discharging current is high and controllable, the inductive current has no second-order process, the load current has no second-order negative half-wave, the energy conversion capacitor pre-charging voltage is automatically recovered, and the like.
However, the technical scheme has the disadvantages that the energy storage density is low, and the pulse power supply is only suitable for constructing a pulse power supply basic module with the energy level of tens to hundreds of kilojoules, but not suitable for directly constructing a pulse power supply integrated system with the energy level of tens to hundreds of megajoules; one easy solution to implement in terms of the construction of the overall system is: tens to hundreds of basic modules are constructed based on the pulse power supply, and then all the basic modules are connected in parallel to construct an integral system. However, based on the solution, the overall system has low energy storage density, large volume, low energy conversion capacitor pre-charge voltage recovery ratio and poor comprehensive performance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a capacitor hybrid type multistage inductance energy storage type pulse power supply, which not only inherits the advantages of the existing capacitor hybrid type inductance energy storage type pulse power supply, but also has better expandability and higher energy storage density so as to realize the construction and integration of an integral system of the pulse power supply.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a capacitor-hybrid multi-stage inductive energy storage type pulse power supply comprises a primary power supply USEnergy conversion capacitor C and pulse adjusting inductor LCThyristor T1、T2、T3And a diode D, characterized in that: the pulse power supply also comprises n stages of inductance units which are connected in parallel and have the same structure, wherein n is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2; the primary power supply USAnode and thyristor T1The anode of the anode is connected; thyristor T1Respectively with the thyristor T2The cathode of the inductor is connected with the input end of each inductor unit; the output end of each inductance unit is respectively connected with a pulse adjusting inductance LCOne end of the diode (D) is connected with the cathode of the diode (D); the anode of the diode D is connected with one end of a load, and the other end of the load is respectively connected with the ground end of each inductance unitOne end of the energy conversion capacitor C is connected with the negative electrode of the primary power supply; the other end of the energy conversion capacitor C is respectively connected with the thyristor T2Anode and thyristor T3The cathode of the anode is connected; thyristor T3Anode and pulse adjusting inductor LCThe other ends of the two are connected.
In the above technical scheme, each inductance unit is composed of a strong coupling energy storage inductor L1And an energy storage inductor L2Forming; energy storage inductor L1One end of the first switch is an input end of the inductance unit; energy storage inductor L1Another end of (1) and an energy storage inductor L2Is connected with the output end of the inductance unit; energy storage inductor L2The other end of the first inductor is the ground end of the inductance unit; in particular, the energy storage inductor L1And an energy storage inductor L2The connection relationship of (1) is that the terminals with the same name are connected in series.
① has good expandability due to the adoption of a topological structure that the multi-stage inductance units are connected in parallel and are relatively independent, the stage number n of the inductance unit can be flexibly set according to the actual emission requirement and the process level, ② has higher energy conversion capacitance voltage pre-charging voltage recovery ratio compared with the existing capacitance mixed type inductance energy storage type pulse power supply, in the existing capacitance mixed type inductance energy storage type pulse power supply, the energy conversion capacitance C can only collect the inductive energy leakage of the inductance unit of the stage 1, in the pulse power supply, the energy conversion capacitance C can collect the inductive energy leakage of the inductance unit of the stage n, and the pulse power supply has higher energy conversion capacitance voltage pre-charging ratio compared with the existing capacitance mixed type inductance energy storage type pulse power supply, and ③ has higher charging density compared with the existing capacitance mixed type inductance energy storage type pulse power supply, and the pulse power supply has higher energy conversion capacitance voltage pre-charging density compared with the existing capacitance mixed type inductance energy storage type pulse power supply, and the energy storage of the power supply has the advantages of low cost, high energy storage capacity, simple structure, low cost, high energy consumption, low cost and low cost, high efficiency, and low cost and reliabilityThe pulse power supply comprises n stages of inductance units sharing the same group of energy conversion capacitor C and pulse adjustment inductor LCThyristor T1、T2、T3And diode D, the overall volume is smaller and the overall energy storage density is higher.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic circuit diagram of an embodiment of a capacitive hybrid inductive energy storage type pulse power supply for electromagnetic transmission according to the prior art.
Fig. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of an embodiment of a capacitor hybrid multi-stage inductive energy storage type pulse power supply according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an inductance unit according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 shows a primary power supply U according to the present inventionSOutput current, pulse adjusting inductance LCWaveforms of current and load current are shown.
FIG. 5 shows the #1 inductor unit energy storage inductor L of the present invention1Current and energy storage inductor L2The waveform of the current is shown schematically.
FIG. 6 shows the energy conversion capacitance C voltage and thyristor T of the present invention1The waveform of the voltage is shown schematically.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
FIG. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of an embodiment of a capacitor hybrid multi-stage inductive energy storage type pulse power supply according to the present invention, which includes a primary power supply USN-level inductance unit, energy conversion capacitor C and pulse adjustment inductor LCThyristor T1、T2、T3And the n stages of inductance units are connected in parallel, and have the same structure and parameters (wherein n is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2, and 4 stages are adopted in the embodiment). In the present pulse power supply, a primary power supply USAnode and thyristor T1The anode of the anode is connected; thyristor T1Cathode and thyristor T2The cathodes of the two inductor units are connected with the input ends (in ends) of all the inductor units; of all inductive elementsOutput terminal (out terminal) and pulse adjusting inductor LCOne end of the diode D is connected with the cathode of the diode D; the anode of the diode D is connected with one end of the load; the other end of the load is connected with the ground ends (gnd ends) of all the inductance units, one end of the energy conversion capacitor C and the negative electrode of the primary power supply; the other end of the energy conversion capacitor C and the thyristor T2Anode and thyristor T3The cathode of the anode is connected; thyristor T3Anode and pulse adjusting inductor LCThe other ends of the two are connected. In the pulse power supply, each inductance unit consists of a strong coupling energy storage inductance L1And an energy storage inductor L2Forming; energy storage inductor L1One end of the first and second inductors is an input end (in end) of the inductance unit; energy storage inductor L1Another end of (1) and an energy storage inductor L2Is connected to be the output end (out end) of the inductance unit; energy storage inductor L2The other end of the inductor unit is a ground end (gnd end) of the inductor unit; in particular, the energy storage inductor L1And L2The connection relationship of (1) is that the terminals with the same name are connected in series.
In the invention, the parameters of the inductance unit (including the number n and the energy storage inductance L)1Inductance value and energy storage inductance L2Inductance and energy storage inductance L1、L2Coupling coefficient between, etc.) should be determined by the actual emission requirements and process level. Under the condition of volume allowance, the energy storage inductor L1、L2The resistance should be as small as possible to reduce energy losses, improve system efficiency, and increase current amplification. If a large current amplification is desired, the energy storage inductor L1、L2The sensitivity ratio should be large. If desired thyristor T1The peak voltage is smaller, then the energy storage inductor L1、L2The coupling coefficient between should be large (higher than 0.95%) and the capacitance of the energy conversion capacitor should be large. If the energy conversion capacitor pre-charge voltage recovery ratio is expected to be high, the energy storage inductor L1、L2The coupling coefficient between should be small (between 0.85 and 0.9) while the energy conversion capacitance cc should be small. The pre-charging voltage of the energy conversion capacitor C is determined by the capacitance value of the energy conversion capacitor C, the sum of the charging currents of all the inductance units and the primary power supply USVoltage, thyristorPipe T1The reverse recovery time is jointly determined. Pulse adjusting inductance LCThe inductance value is determined according to the actual emission requirement, the capacitance value of the energy conversion capacitor C and the energy storage inductor L1、L2The leakage inductance energy between the pulse forming units is determined, and the value of the pulse adjusting inductance in the capacitive energy storage type pulse power supply pulse forming unit can be referred to. Thyristor T1A fast recovery type thyristor should be used to reduce the energy conversion capacitor C precharge voltage. Thyristor T1、T2、T3And the current capacity and the voltage endurance capacity of the diode D are higher than the maximum current and the maximum voltage of each device under the rated energy level of the system, and the preanalysis is recommended through circuit simulation.
The working process of the capacitor hybrid multistage inductance energy storage type pulse power supply can be divided into the following six working stages.
(assuming the energy conversion capacitor C has completed the precharge operation)
1) The first stage, the charging process:
trigger thyristor T1Conducting, primary power supply USCharging all the inductance units in parallel; when the charging current of all the inductance units rises to a specified value, the thyristor T is triggered2And conducting, and finishing the first stage.
2) And a second stage, a countercurrent and continuous charging process:
trigger brake pipe T2Conducting, discharging the energy conversion capacitor C, forcing the thyristor T1The current is rapidly reduced; in the thyristor T1After the current is turned off due to zero crossing and back voltage bearing, the energy conversion capacitor C continues to charge all the inductance units until the pre-charged energy is completely exhausted, the diode D is conducted, and the second stage is ended.
3) And in the third stage, the current multiplication and leakage inductance energy collection process:
the diode D is conducted, and the energy storage inductors L in all the inductor units1Energy storage inductor L with rapidly reduced current2The current of the inductor increases rapidly, the load current also increases rapidly, and the energy storage inductors L in all the inductor units1、L2The leakage inductance energy between the two capacitors is received by the energy conversion capacitor CUntil thyristor T2The current is turned off after passing zero and bearing back pressure, and the third stage is finished.
The current multiplication process follows the flux linkage conservation principle, and the current amplification factor is mainly composed of an energy storage inductor L1、L2Inductance ratio and energy storage inductance L1、L2The coupling coefficient therebetween. Energy storage inductor L2The rising rate of current and load current is mainly composed of the capacitance value of the energy conversion capacitor C, the number n of the inductance units and the energy storage inductor L1Inductance and energy storage inductance L1、L2The coupling coefficient therebetween. The leakage inductance energy collected by the energy conversion capacitor C is mainly composed of the number n of inductance units, the charging current of each inductance unit and the energy storage inductor L1Inductance and energy storage inductance L1、L2The coupling coefficient therebetween.
4) The fourth stage, the first-order discharge process:
thyristor T2Turn off, energy storage inductance L of all inductance units2Discharging to the load in parallel; at the appropriate moment, the thyristor T is triggered3And conducting and finishing the fourth stage.
Since the load is typically a small resistive-inductive load, this phase follows the RL first-order circuit discharge law.
5) The fifth stage, the second-order discharge process:
trigger thyristor T3When the capacitor is conducted, the leakage inductance energy collected by the energy conversion capacitor C passes through C → load → D → LC→T3Discharging to the load in the circuit → C to generate the secondary peak of the load current until the thyristor T3The current crosses zero and is subjected to back pressure to be switched off, and the fifth stage is finished.
It should be noted that in this process, the energy storage inductors L of all the inductor units2Still discharging to the load in parallel. In other words, the load current is the sum of the pulsed inductor current and the output current of all the inductor units.
6) Sixth stage, first order discharge:
thyristor T3Turn off, energy storage inductance L of all inductance units2Discharging to the load in parallel until the load is disconnected or two-poleThe tube D current drops to zero.
Furthermore, if the thyristor T3Is exactly the end time of the third stage (or slightly ahead), the fourth stage will be skipped and the fifth stage will be entered directly.
Setting parameters as shown in Table 1, performing circuit simulation, and corresponding primary power supply USOutput current waveform, pulse adjusting inductance LCCurrent and load current waveform and energy storage inductor L in #1 inductor unit1Current waveform, #1 inductance unit in energy storage inductance L2Current waveform, energy conversion capacitor C voltage waveform and thyristor T1The voltage waveforms are shown in fig. 4, 5, and 6, respectively.
TABLE 1 parameters of capacitor-hybrid multi-stage inductive energy-storage type pulse power supply
Claims (1)
1. A capacitor-hybrid multi-stage inductive energy storage type pulse power supply comprises a primary power supply USEnergy conversion capacitor C and pulse adjusting inductor LCThyristor T1、T2、T3And a diode D, characterized in that: the pulse power supply also comprises n stages of inductance units which are connected in parallel and have the same structure, wherein n is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2;
the primary power supply USAnode and thyristor T1The anode of the anode is connected; thyristor T1Respectively with the thyristor T2The cathode of the inductor is connected with the input end of each inductor unit; the output end of each inductance unit is respectively connected with a pulse adjusting inductance LCOne end of the diode (D) is connected with the cathode of the diode (D); the anode of the diode D is connected with one end of a load, and the other end of the load is respectively connected with the ground end of each inductance unit, one end of the energy conversion capacitor C and the cathode of the primary power supply; the other end of the energy conversion capacitor C is respectively connected with the thyristor T2Anode and thyristor T3The cathode of the anode is connected; thyristor T3Anode and pulse modulation ofWhole inductance LCThe other ends of the two are connected;
each inductance unit is composed of a strong coupling energy storage inductance L1And an energy storage inductor L2Forming; energy storage inductor L1One end of the first switch is an input end of the inductance unit; energy storage inductor L1Another end of (1) and an energy storage inductor L2Is connected with the output end of the inductance unit; energy storage inductor L2The other end of the inductor unit is the ground end of the inductor unit, and the energy storage inductor L1And an energy storage inductor L2The connection relationship of (1) is that the terminals with the same name are connected in series.
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| Structural Parameter Optimization of Inductors;Zhen Li等;《IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE》;20150531;第43卷(第5期);图2，第1459页左栏 * |
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