CN103986330A - Resonance boost DC/DC converter and control method thereof suitable for high-voltage and high-power occasions - Google Patents

Resonance boost DC/DC converter and control method thereof suitable for high-voltage and high-power occasions Download PDF

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CN103986330A
CN103986330A CN201410232840.0A CN201410232840A CN103986330A CN 103986330 A CN103986330 A CN 103986330A CN 201410232840 A CN201410232840 A CN 201410232840A CN 103986330 A CN103986330 A CN 103986330A
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inductance
switching tube
filter capacitor
current
rectifier diode
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CN103986330B (en
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陈武
吴小刚
蒋玮
胡仁杰
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Southeast University
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Abstract

The invention discloses a resonance boost DC/DC converter and a control method thereof suitable for high-voltage and high-power occasions. The converter is connected with a direct-current input power source and a load and comprises two primary-side diodes, a first switching tube, a second switching tube, a third switching tube, a fourth switching tube, a resonance unit, a first rectifier diode, a second rectifier diode and two filter capacitors. The resonance boost DC/DC converter is characterized in that the resonance unit is connected with a bridge arm composed of the four switching tubes and a rectifier unit composed of the two rectifier diodes and the two filter capacitors. According to the resonance boost DC/DC converter and the control method thereof, approximate zero voltage switching-off of the switching tubes and zero current switching-off of the rectifier diodes can be achieved, losses can be greatly reduced, and meanwhile the voltage stress of all switching devices is not larger than one second of the output voltage. A resonance circuit can be used for the high-power boost occasions.

Description

A kind of resonance step-up DC/DC conversion device and control method thereof that is applicable to high-power occasion
Technical field
The present invention relates to DC converter field, can be applicable to the high-power occasion of boosting.
Background technology
Wind power generation is one of world today's utilization of new energy resources form with fastest developing speed, and Oversea wind power generation does not take because having the generally attention that the features such as land soil, wind energy resources be abundant are subject to coastal various countries, the world.Along with the continuous increase of marine wind electric field capacity and the increase of offshore distance, adopt high voltage direct current (High Voltage Direct Current, HVDC) transmission of electricity to become inexorable trend.HVDC transmission of electricity has advantages such as not being subject to capacity current affects, adjustable meritorious and reactive power output, but traditional offshore wind farm field system based on middle pressure ac bus, the duplex frequency boostering transformer that need to adopt bulky, heaviness, has proposed very high request to the construction of blower fan pylon and marine current conversion station platform.For above-mentioned shortcoming, recent domestic has risen based on the systematic research of middle pressure DC bus marine wind electric field, by utilizing high-power voltage boosting dc converter to substitute traditional duplex frequency boostering transformer, can greatly reduce system bulk and weight.High-power voltage boosting dc converter is the key core parts in this system, and the electric energy that blower fan produces all needs to carry out voltage transformation and power delivery loss is high power transmission by it.
Chinese scholars all has carried out some research the high-power voltage boosting dc converter in this system at present, has successively proposed multiple feasible topological circuit.Module combines many level DC converters and is applicable to being very much applied to high-power occasion, this converter couples together two module combination multi-level converters by intermediate frequency transformer, and its major defect is that the manufacture of high-power high voltage intermediate frequency transformer is extremely difficult.Document " Multiple module high gain high voltage DC-DC transformers for offshore wind energy systems " has proposed a kind of structure by a Boost converter and a Buck/Boost converter input-series and output-parallel, relative the reducing of voltage and current stress of switching device and diode.But because the hard switching of switching device and the reverse recovery loss of diode have caused transducer effciency lower.Document " Analysis and comparison of medium voltage high power DC/DC converters for offshore wind energy systems " has proposed a kind of DC booster converter based on resonant switched capacitor, can realize soft switch and the modular construction of switching tube, but not only output voltage regulation is poor but also a large amount of capacitors of needs for it.The Jovcic professor of Britain Aberdeen has proposed a kind of novel resonance step-up converter in document " Step-up dc-dc converter for megawatt size applications ", not only can realize the soft switch and the reverse-recovery problems of avoiding diode of switching device, also can realize very high step-up ratio.But also there is the following deficiency in such resonance step-up converter: switching device all needs to have reverse voltage blocking ability; The voltage stress of resonant capacitance, resonant inductance and all switching devices is all approximately output voltage; Resonant inductance unidirectional magnetiztion, magnetic core utilance is not high, causes resonant inductance volume and weight all larger, and loss is corresponding increase also.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: for above-mentioned prior art, a kind of resonance step-up DC/DC conversion device and control method thereof that is applicable to high-power occasion proposed, not only realized that output is boosted but also the approximate zero voltage of having realized switching tube turn-offs and the zero-current switching of rectifier diode, and made the voltage stress of resonant element and switching device be no more than 1/2nd of output voltage simultaneously.
Technical scheme: a kind of resonance step-up DC/DC conversion device that is applicable to high-power occasion, comprises full bridge inverter, resonant element and rectification unit; The input of described full bridge inverter connects direct-current input power supplying, the output of full bridge inverter connects the input of described rectification unit, the output of described rectification unit connects load, and the output of described resonant element and full bridge inverter and the input of rectification unit are connected in parallel.
As preferred version of the present invention, described full bridge inverter comprises one to the 4th switching tube, the first former limit diode and the second former limit diode; Described former limit the first diode, the first switching tube, the 3rd switching tube are followed in series to form the first branch road, described former limit the second diode, second switch pipe, the 4th switching tube be followed in series to form the second branch road, described the first branch road and the second branch circuit parallel connection are at direct-current input power supplying two ends;
Described rectification unit comprises the first rectifier diode, the second rectifier diode, the first filter capacitor and the second filter capacitor; Described the first rectifier diode and the second rectifier diode forward are connected in series and form the 3rd branch road, and described the first filter capacitor and the second filter capacitor are connected in series and form the 4th branch road, and described the 3rd branch road and the 4th branch circuit parallel connection are at load two ends;
The LC antiresonant circuit of described resonant element for being formed by inductance and electric capacity; One end of described LC antiresonant circuit is connected in the end that joins of described the first switching tube and the 3rd switching tube, is connected in the end that joins of the first filter capacitor and the second filter capacitor simultaneously; The other end of described LC antiresonant circuit is connected in the end that joins of described second switch pipe and the 4th switching tube, is connected in the end that joins of described the first rectifier diode and the second rectifier diode simultaneously.
Be applicable to the control method of the resonance step-up DC/DC conversion device of high-power occasion: a control cycle of described control method is divided into eight continuous stages, wherein:
First stage: t 0< t < t 1
At t 0constantly, the first switching tube and the 4th switching tube conducting, v cr=V in, v wherein crfor the voltage of the electric capacity in resonant element, V involtage for direct-current input power supplying; Input current circuit consists of direct-current input power supplying, former limit the first diode, the first switching tube, inductance and the 4th switching tube, and the voltage on inductance equals input voltage V in, t 0~t 1the electric current of internal inductance is linear constantly increases, and inductive current is from I 0start linearity and be increased to I 1, the first filter capacitor and the second filter capacitor provide load output current;
Second stage: t 1< t < t 2
At t 1constantly, the first switching tube and the 4th switching tube turn-off simultaneously, and inductance and electric capacity generation parallel resonance, until t 2moment v cr=-V o/ 2, V wherein ofor converter output voltage; The first filter capacitor and the second filter capacitor provide load output current;
Phase III: t 2< t < t 3
At t 2constantly, v cr=-V othe/2, first rectifier diode conducting, the electric current in inductance flows through the first rectifier diode to the first filter capacitor charging, and load current is provided; At t 2~t 3in, v crremain unchanged, the inductance cleanliness that powers on is reduced to zero;
Fourth stage: t 3< t < t 4
At t 3constantly, i lr=I 3=0, v cr=V o/ 2, i wherein lrthe electric current that represents resonant inductance, I 3represent that resonant inductance is at t 3electric current constantly, the first rectifier diode turn-offs, and inductance and electric capacity generation parallel resonance, until v cr=-V in;
Five-stage: t 4< t < t 5
At t 4constantly, second switch pipe and the 3rd switching tube conducting, v cr=-V in, input current circuit consists of direct-current input power supplying, former limit the second diode, second switch pipe, inductance and the 3rd switching tube, and the voltage on inductance equals negative input voltage-V in, t 4~t 5constantly the electric current of internal inductance is linear inverse increases, and inductive current is from-I 4start be increased to-I of reverse linear 5, the first filter capacitor and the second filter capacitor provide load output current
The 6th stage: t 5< t < t 6
At t 5constantly, second switch pipe and the 3rd switching tube turn-off simultaneously, and inductance and electric capacity generation parallel resonance, until v cr=V othe/2, first filter capacitor and the second filter capacitor provide load output current;
The 7th stage: t 6< t < t 7
At t 6constantly, v cr=V othe/2, second rectifier diode conducting, the electric current in inductance flows through the second rectifier diode, gives the second filter capacitor charging, and load current is provided; At t 6~t 7in, v crremain unchanged, the inductance cleanliness that powers on is reduced to zero;
The 8th stage: t 7< t < t 8
At t 7constantly, i lr=I 7=0, v cr=V o/ 2, I 7for resonant inductance is at t 7electric current constantly, the second rectifier diode turn-offs, and inductance and electric capacity generation parallel resonance, until v cr=V in.
Beneficial effect: in the resonance step-up DC/DC conversion device and control method thereof that is applicable to high-power occasion of the present invention, converter has very high voltage gain, the no-voltage that can realize switching tube is opened and is turn-offed with approximate zero voltage and the zero-current switching of rectifier diode, Simultaneous Switching frequency range is little, and resonant inductance symmetric double is to magnetization; The resonant element of controlled resonant converter and the voltage stress of switching device are no more than 1/2nd of output voltage; When realizing boost function, make each switching tube and diode realize soft switch, effectively reduced loss, there is very high efficiency, be suitable for high power transmission.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the LC controlled resonant converter topology diagram of example;
Fig. 2 is the work wave of circuit related elements shown in Fig. 1 schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is the operation mode schematic diagram of circuit first stage shown in Fig. 1;
Fig. 4 is circuit second stage shown in Fig. 1, fourth stage, the 6th stage, the 8th stage operation mode schematic diagram;
Fig. 5 is the operation mode schematic diagram of circuit phase III shown in Fig. 1;
Fig. 6 is the operation mode of circuit five-stage shown in Fig. 1 schematic diagram;
Fig. 7 is the 7th stage of circuit shown in Fig. 1 operation mode schematic diagram.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is done further and explained.
Fig. 1 is an example of the present invention circuit topological structure figure.A kind of resonance step-up DC/DC conversion device that is applicable to high-power occasion of the present invention, comprises full bridge inverter, resonant element and rectification unit.The input of full bridge inverter connects direct-current input power supplying V in, the output of full bridge inverter connects the input of rectification unit, and the output of rectification unit connects load R, and the output of resonant element and full bridge inverter and the input of rectification unit are connected in parallel.Wherein, full bridge inverter comprises first to fourth switching tube Q 1~Q 4, the first former limit diode Di 1and the second former limit diode Di 2.Former limit the first diode Di 1, the first switching tube Q 1, the 3rd switching tube Q 3be followed in series to form the first branch road; Former limit the second diode Di 2, second switch pipe Q 2, the 4th switching tube Q 4be followed in series to form the second branch road; The first branch road and the second branch circuit parallel connection are at direct-current input power supplying two ends.Rectification unit comprises the first rectifier diode D r1, the second rectifier diode D r2, the first filter capacitor C 1and the second filter capacitor C 2.The first rectifier diode D r1with the second rectifier diode D r2forward is connected in series and forms the 3rd branch road; The first filter capacitor C 1with the second filter capacitor C 2be connected in series and form the 4th branch road; The 3rd branch road and the 4th branch circuit parallel connection are at load two ends.Resonant element is by inductance L rand capacitor C rthe LC antiresonant circuit forming.One end of LC antiresonant circuit is connected in the first switching tube Q 1with the 3rd switching tube Q 3the end that joins, be connected in the first filtered electrical C simultaneously 1with the second filter capacitor C 2the end that joins; The other end of LC antiresonant circuit is connected in second switch pipe Q 2with the 4th switching tube Q 4the end that joins, be connected in the first rectifier diode D simultaneously r1with the second rectifier diode D r2the end that joins.Meanwhile, the first former limit diode D i1anode be connected on the positive pole of direct-current input power supplying, negative electrode is connected on the first switching tube Q 1; The second former limit diode D i2anode be connected on the positive pole of direct-current input power supplying, negative electrode is connected on second switch pipe Q 2; Direct-current input power supplying negative pole is connected on described the 3rd switching tube Q 3with the 4th switching tube Q 4end joins.The first filter capacitor C 1first end is connected on the first rectifier diode D r1negative electrode, the first filter capacitor C 1the second end is connected on one end of resonant element; The second filter capacitor C 2first end is connected on the second rectifier diode D r2anode, the second filter capacitor C 2the second end is connected on one end of resonant element.
Below the resonance step-up DC/DC conversion device control method that is applicable to high-power occasion of the present invention is elaborated.
As shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3, the first stage: t 0< t < t 1
At t 0constantly, the first switching tube Q 1with the 4th switching tube Q 4conducting, v cr=V in, v wherein crfor the voltage of the electric capacity in resonant element, V involtage for direct-current input power supplying; Input current circuit is by direct-current input power supplying, former limit the first diode Di 1, the first switching tube Q 1, inductance L rand the 4th switching tube Q 4form inductance L ron voltage equal input voltage V in, t 0~t 1moment internal inductance L rcurrent i lrbeing linear increases, and this stage is the process that inputs to inductance makeup energy, and inductive current is from I 0start linearity and be increased to I 1, the first filter capacitor C 1with the second filter capacitor C 2load R is provided loutput current;
As shown in Figure 2, Figure 4 shows, second stage: t 1< t < t 2
At t 1constantly, the first switching tube Q 1with the 4th switching tube Q 4turn-off inductance L simultaneously rand capacitor C rthere is parallel resonance, until v cr=-V o/ 2, V othe/2nd, resonant capacitance C ron maximum voltage drop, the 4th switching tube Q simultaneously 4reached its maximum voltage drop V othe/2, first switching tube Q 1reached its maximum voltage drop V in, former limit the second diode D i2reached its maximum voltage drop V o/ 2-V in, V wherein ofor converter output voltage; The first filter capacitor C 1with the second filter capacitor C 2load R is provided loutput current; In this process, input and output do not have Energy Transfer, and output current is still provided by filter capacitor, and energy transmits between inductance and electric capacity, but gross energy on inductance and electric capacity is constant;
As shown in Fig. 2, Fig. 5, the phase III: t 2< t < t 3
At t 2constantly, v cr=-V othe/2, first rectifier diode D r1conducting, inductance L rin electric current flow through the first rectifier diode D r1give the first filter capacitor C 1charging, and load R is provided lelectric current; At t 2~t 3in, v crremain unchanged, inductance L rthe cleanliness that powers on reduces, and the energy of input is passed to load R during this period l, this process is until inductive current is zero end;
As shown in Figure 2, Figure 4 shows, fourth stage: t 3< t < t 4
At t 3constantly, i lr=I 3=0, v cr=-V o/ 2, i wherein lrrepresent resonant inductance L relectric current, I 3represent that resonant inductance is at t 3electric current constantly, the first rectifier diode D r1turn-off, realized the zero-current switching of rectifier diode, after this inductance L rand capacitor C rthere is parallel resonance, until v cr=-V in, during this period of time in, the gross energy on inductance and electric capacity is constant;
As shown in Fig. 2, Fig. 6, five-stage: t 4< t < t 5
At t 4constantly, second switch pipe Q 2with the 3rd switching tube Q 3conducting, v cr=-V in, input current circuit is by direct-current input power supplying, former limit the second diode Di 2, second switch pipe Q 2, inductance L rand the 3rd switching tube Q 3form inductance L ron voltage equal negative input voltage-V in, t 4~t 5moment internal inductance L rcurrent i lrbeing linear inverse increases, and this stage is the process that inputs to inductance makeup energy, and inductive current is from-I 4start be increased to-I of reverse linear 5, the first filter capacitor C 1with the second filter capacitor C 2load R is provided loutput current;
As shown in Figure 2, Figure 4 shows, the 6th stage: t 5< t < t 6
At t 5constantly, second switch pipe Q 2with the 3rd switching tube Q 3turn-off, now inductance L simultaneously rwith capacitor C rthere is parallel resonance, until v cr=V o/ 2, the 3rd switching tube Q now 3reached its maximum voltage drop V o/ 2, second switch pipe Q 2reached its maximum voltage drop V in, former limit the first diode D i1reached its maximum voltage drop V o/ 2-V in, the first filter capacitor C 1with the second filter capacitor C 2load R is provided loutput current; In this process, input and output do not have Energy Transfer, and output current is still provided by filter capacitor, and energy transmits between inductance and electric capacity, but gross energy on inductance and electric capacity is constant;
The 7th stage: t 6< t < t 7
As shown in Fig. 2, Fig. 7, at t 6constantly, v cr=V othe/2, second rectifier diode D r2conducting, inductance L rin electric current flow through the second rectifier diode D r2, give the second filter capacitor C 2charging, and load R is provided lelectric current; At t 6~t 7in, v crremain unchanged, inductance L rthe cleanliness that powers on reduces, and the energy of input is passed to load during this period, and this process is until inductive current is zero end;
As shown in Figure 2, Figure 4 shows, the 8th stage: t 7< t < t 8
At t 7constantly, i lr=I 7=0, v cr=V o/ 2, I 7for resonant inductance is at t 7electric current constantly, after this second rectifier diode D r2turn-off, realized rectifier diode D r2zero-current switching, inductance L after this rand capacitor C rthere is parallel resonance, until v cr=V in, during this period of time in, the gross energy on inductance and electric capacity is constant.
The resonance step-up DC/DC conversion device control method that is applicable to high-power occasion of the present invention, can realize boost function, and each switching tube and diode realized soft switch, has effectively reduced loss, has very high efficiency, is applicable to high power transmission.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention; it should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention; can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (3)

1. a resonance step-up DC/DC conversion device that is applicable to high-power occasion, is characterized in that: comprise full bridge inverter, resonant element and rectification unit; The input of described full bridge inverter connects direct-current input power supplying, the output of full bridge inverter connects the input of described rectification unit, the output of described rectification unit connects load, and the output of described resonant element and full bridge inverter and the input of rectification unit are connected in parallel.
2. a kind of resonance step-up DC/DC conversion device that is applicable to high-power occasion according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described full bridge inverter comprises first to fourth switching tube (Q 1~Q 4), the first former limit diode (Di 1) and the second former limit diode (Di 2); Described former limit the first diode (Di 1), the first switching tube (Q 1), the 3rd switching tube (Q 3) be followed in series to form the first branch road, described former limit the second diode (Di 2), second switch pipe (Q 2), the 4th switching tube (Q 4) be followed in series to form the second branch road, described the first branch road and the second branch circuit parallel connection are at direct-current input power supplying two ends;
Described rectification unit comprises the first rectifier diode (D r1), the second rectifier diode (D r2), the first filter capacitor (C 1) and the second filter capacitor (C 2); Described the first rectifier diode (D r1) and the second rectifier diode (D r2) forward is connected in series and forms the 3rd branch road, described the first filter capacitor (C 1) and the second filter capacitor (C 2) being connected in series formation the 4th branch road, described the 3rd branch road and the 4th branch circuit parallel connection are at load two ends;
Described resonant element is by inductance (L r) and electric capacity (C r) the LC antiresonant circuit that forms; One end of described LC antiresonant circuit is connected in described the first switching tube (Q 1) and the 3rd switching tube (Q 3) the end that joins, be connected in the first filter capacitor (C simultaneously 1) and the second filter capacitor (C 2) the end that joins; The other end of described LC antiresonant circuit is connected in described second switch pipe (Q 2) and the 4th switching tube (Q 4) the end that joins, be connected in described the first rectifier diode (D simultaneously r1) and the second rectifier diode (D r2) the end that joins.
3. a kind of control method that is applicable to the resonance step-up DC/DC conversion device of high-power occasion described in claim 1, is characterized in that: a control cycle of described control method is divided into eight continuous stages, wherein:
First stage: t 0< t < t 1
At t 0constantly, the first switching tube (Q 1) and the 4th switching tube (Q 4) conducting, v cr=V in, v wherein crfor the voltage of the electric capacity in resonant element, V involtage for direct-current input power supplying; Input current circuit is by direct-current input power supplying, former limit the first diode (Di 1), the first switching tube (Q 1), inductance (L r) and the 4th switching tube (Q 4) form inductance (L r) on voltage equal input voltage V in, t 0~t 1moment internal inductance (L r) electric current (i lr) being linear increase, inductive current is from I 0start linearity and be increased to I 1, the first filter capacitor (C 1) and the second filter capacitor (C 2) load (R is provided l) output current;
Second stage: t 1< t < t 2
At t 1constantly, the first switching tube (Q 1) and the 4th switching tube (Q 4) turn-off inductance (L simultaneously r) and electric capacity (C r) there is parallel resonance, until v cr=-V o/ 2, V wherein ofor converter output voltage; The first filter capacitor (C 1) and the second filter capacitor (C 2) load (R is provided l) output current;
Phase III: t 2< t < t 3
At t 2constantly, v cr=-V othe/2, first rectifier diode (D r1) conducting, inductance (L r) in electric current flow through the first rectifier diode (D r1) to the first filter capacitor (C 1) charging, and load (R is provided l) electric current; At t 2~t 3in, v crremain unchanged, inductance (L r) cleanliness that powers on is reduced to zero;
Fourth stage: t 3< t < t 4
At t 3constantly, i lr=I 3=0, v cr=V o/ 2, i wherein lrrepresent resonant inductance (L r) electric current, I 3represent that resonant inductance is at t 3electric current constantly, the first rectifier diode (D r1) turn-off inductance (L r) and electric capacity (C r) there is parallel resonance, until v cr=-V in;
Five-stage: t 4< t < t 5
At t 4constantly, second switch pipe (Q 2) and the 3rd switching tube (Q 3) conducting, v cr=-V in, input current circuit is by direct-current input power supplying, former limit the second diode (Di 2), second switch pipe (Q 2), inductance (L r) and the 3rd switching tube (Q 3) form inductance (L r) on voltage equal negative input voltage-V in, t 4~t 5moment internal inductance (L r) electric current (i lr) be linear inverse and increase, inductive current is from-I 4start be increased to-I of reverse linear 5, the first filter capacitor (C 1) and the second filter capacitor (C 2) load (R is provided l) output current;
The 6th stage: t 5< t < t 6
At t 5constantly, second switch pipe (Q 2) and the 3rd switching tube (Q 3) turn-off inductance (L simultaneously r) and electric capacity (C r) there is parallel resonance, until v cr=V othe/2, first filter capacitor (C 1) and the second filter capacitor (C 2) load (R is provided l) output current;
The 7th stage: t 6< t < t 7
At t 6constantly, v cr=V othe/2, second rectifier diode (D r2) conducting, inductance (L r) in electric current flow through the second rectifier diode (D r2), give the second filter capacitor (C 2) charging, and load (R is provided l) electric current; At t 6~t 7in, v crremain unchanged, inductance (L r) cleanliness that powers on is reduced to zero;
The 8th stage: t 7< t < t 8
At t 7constantly, i lr=I 7=0, v cr=V o/ 2, I 7for resonant inductance is at t 7electric current constantly, the second rectifier diode (D r2) turn-off inductance (L r) and electric capacity (C r) there is parallel resonance, until v cr=V in.
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