CN107208887A

CN107208887A - The solid and full-automatic smokeless water-heating/steam boiler of liquid/gas fuel that can be adjusted according to coal type

Info

Publication number: CN107208887A
Application number: CN201580058124.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 阿里·尼扎米·奥兹坎
Original assignee: Egg Mar Mohanty Skou Development Research Facility Industrial Machinery Industrial And Trading Co
Current assignee: Egg Mar Mohanty Skou Development Research Facility Industrial Machinery Industrial And Trading Co
Priority date: 2014-08-26
Filing date: 2015-08-24
Publication date: 2017-09-26
Also published as: EP3186557A1; EA201790480A1; AU2015307274A1; WO2016032414A1

Abstract

The solid and liquid/gas fuel water/steam boiler of the present invention is the full-automatic solid and liquid/gas fuel water/steam boiler of the smokeless combustion of innovative techniques, the boiler：Developed as the substitute of family expenses and industrial existing solid and liquid/gas fuel boiler；Double-walled or water pipe design are designed with according to hot water, superheated water, steam generation and operating pressure；Enter coal and clinker with the full-automation in solid fuel igniting chamber to remove system, the full-automatic combustion air hardware for realizing method of adjustment according to the volatile matter ratio in the coal, realize that the burning bed of the method for adjustment according to the granularity of the coal and clinker ratio adjusts system, and full-automatic special fire grate system；Also include the full-automatic dry method desulfuration system for realizing the method for adjustment of the sulfur content according to the coal, when being adjusted according to coal type used by the panel of the PLC automations controlled and security system, the boiler at source with coal described in high burning efficiency smokeless combustion by preventing cigarette from producing in a combustion chamber via automatic continuous charging, the boiler prevents the sulfur dioxide (SO2) emissions in combustion chamber by full-automatic dry method desulfuration system, the boiler is by being intended to the combustion chamber for the particular design of lighting liquid/gas fuel independently of solid fuel ignition room without carrying out any modification for the conversion from solid fuel to liquid/gas fuel or from liquid/gas fuel to solid fuel, and the boiler can be adjusted according to the coal type at the solid fuel.

Description

The smokeless combustion of full-automation for the solid and liquid/gas fuel that can be adjusted according to coal type Manufacture hot water/steam boiler

The present invention relates to a kind of full-automatic smokeless water-heating/steam boiler of innovative techniques, the full-automatic nothing Cigarette burns hot water/steam boiler as the substitute of available domestic type and industrial solid and liquid/gas fuel boiler Research and development, volatile matter, clinker and sulphur content of the full-automatic smokeless water-heating/steam boiler according to coal is carried out Coal, combustion air hardware and fire grate system can be entered during adjustment by full-automation in dedicated combustion chamber with high burning efficiency Smokelessly burn coal, and the full-automatic smokeless water-heating/steam boiler reduces two via full-automatic dry method desulfuration system Sulfur oxide emissions, and the full-automatic smokeless water-heating/steam boiler can also burn in the second dedicated combustion chamber Liquid fuel or natural gas are without any modification.

Liquid fuel and gaseous fuel can be typically with efficient combustions due to its uniformity.However, for heating and using The efficiency of combustion of current boiler in industry or the solid fuel in combustion system, especially high volatile burning of coal are imitated Rate, is substantially reduced due to the generation of cigarette, and energy loss can be huge.Although natural gas becomes more next in the world today It is more extensive, but coal can be naturally in the steam power plant for producing electric energy and in heating and in the country with abundant coal reserves All there is wide in range application field in industry.

Burner special in the boiler that coal can be used in into after powder by means of steam power plant is come with of a relatively high combustion Efficiency combustor is burnt, or lump coal can be in fluidized system or by means of in industrial heavy duty boiler and for central heating Mechanical loading firing machine in the heavy duty boiler of purpose comes with of a relatively high efficiency of combustion burning.However, because in fluidisation Can not all be realized in bed system and in the combustion system of traditional top charging firing machine or lower section charging firing machine completely and Smokeless combustion, so flue dust retainer multi-cyclone and wet filter must be used at such combustion system, And the cigarette and pollutant emission due to inefficient combustion generation cause a considerable amount of air pollution.On the other hand, for heating And in the existing hand feed low capacity and intermediate size hot steam boiler in industry, coal to be on fire grate with extremely low effect Rate burn, and the air pollution as caused by the pollutant emission produced by inefficient combustion reach it is relatively large.

Patent " the solid and full-automatic smokeless water-heating/steam copper of liquid/gas fuel that can be adjusted according to coal type Stove (Solid and Liquid/Gas Fueled, Fully Automated, Smokeless Combustion Hot Water/Steam Boiler Adjustable According to the Coal Type) " theme be as available solid The substitute of the boiler of body and liquid/gas fuel and the new automaticization smokeless water-heating/steam boiler researched and developed, it is described Volatile matter, clinker and sulphur content of the boiler according to coal can enter coal, burning sky by full-automation when being adjusted Air hardening part and fire grate system in dedicated combustion chamber smokelessly to be burnt coal compared with high burning efficiency, while can be via full-automation Dry method desulfuration system reduces sulfur dioxide (SO2) emissions, therefore, by prevent at source cigarette to produce due to high burning efficiency come for Air pollution provides solution, and can also be in the case of not any modification in liquid/gas dedicated combustion chamber With greater efficiency combustion of liquid fuel or natural gas.

Disclosing, the technology between full-automatic smokeless burning boiler and solid, the existing boiler of liquids and gases fuel is poor Before different, it is proper that the generation and pollutant emission of analysis burning, complete burning, burning of coal characteristic and cigarette briefly.

1. burning, the generation and pollutant emission of burning of coal characteristic, cigarette：

Burning is the chemical process for the release for causing heat and luminous energy, wherein the carbon in solid, liquid or gaseous fuel and Other combustibles are combined on a certain ignition temperature with oxygen.

When oxygen is actually from air supply, burning must be contacted to light with air first.For any The complete burning of fuel is realized in combustion process, it is necessary to three conditions being described below are met with reference to sufficient air supply.

A) temperature (temperature) on ignition temperature

B) the good mixing (turbulent flow) of fuel and air

C) time (time) needed for burning is completed

In the literature, this three conditions are also referred to as " three T of burning：Temperature, turbulent flow and the time ".

It is the complete burning that fuel is realized in any ignition system it may first have to supply enough for firing technique Air, and air and fuel should mix on a certain ignition temperature that can be changed according to fuel type with turbulent flow pattern, And this condition should maintain the regular hour.

Solid, liquid or gas form are either used, any point of such condition is met during the burning of fuel Fiery system all realizes burning completely and smokeless igniting, because cigarette is the product of inefficient combustion.

Coal is the solid mineral fuel being made up of various combustibles, moisture and non-combustible mineral matter.In the burning of coal phase Between, the combustible being made up of fixed carbon and volatile materials burns, and mineral matter remains ash content.

In general, coal fixes carbon content, volatile materials, moisture and ash rate to classify based on it.Therefore, coal exists Be categorized as under three main groups with extremely low volatile materials than " anthracite ", with medium volatile levels of substance " bituminous coal " or " hard coal ", and with high volatile than " lignite ".

When being heated to coal, even the volatile materials in coal is also distilled out at the temperature under ignition temperature, And occur initially as fuel gas (hydrocarbon gas and tar steam).By retaining after being completely distilled off of such volatile materials Fixed carbon constitute coal be referred to as " coke ".In this way, carry out burning while two kinds of fuel, one kind in gas form and One kind is in solid form, and described two fuel are the fuel gas and fixed carbon part discharged during burning of coal.When being released When the ignition temperature for the fuel gas put is higher, it is to provide necessary condition in combustion chamber to ensure to catch fire with different During the complete burning of two kinds of different fuel forms (solid and gas) of temperature, exist and especially waved as lignite is contour lighting Basic problem during hair property coal.

Especially when the high volatile coal of such as lignite that burns, occurs inefficient combustion, because the technical specification of ignition system It is not enough to be used to ensure foregoing complete burning condition.According to the condition during inefficient combustion, two kinds of differences are produced in ignition system Cigarette：

A) brown smoke (grey cigarette)：

If the temperature in combustion chamber is less than the ignition temperature of discharged fuel gas, even if there is enough skies Gas, hydrocarbon gas can also be left system in the case of incombustible and be discharged in the form of cigarette from flue.This is by unburned hydrocarbon The smoking set that class and tar steam are constituted has brown (or grey, depending on coal type) outward appearance, and therefore, the cigarette of this type is referred to as brown smoke (grey cigarette).Flue (wherein about 75% is methane gas) is left because hydrocarbon gas is unburned, brown smoke, which is produced, causes fuel Loss, and also cause energy loss, because such hydrocarbon gas is heated to flue gas temperature.

B) black smoke (particle=coal smoke)：

When the temperature in combustion chamber is on the ignition temperature of fuel gas, if enough air are not supplied, or such as Fruit can not realize the turbulent closure scheme of fuel gas when can obtain enough air, then inefficient combustion can occur again.To the greatest extent Guan Ke, which is obtained, occurs vigorous combustion at the region of oxygen, but in the absence of oxygen or because " cracking " reaction caused by high temperature is led Cause can not to realize with good mixing and form carbon particle at the region of the contact of fuel gas, and make system be in soot-like and to System leaves the cigarette of black.Due to unburned fuel (fuel be carbon particle) and such particle after being heated from being Both energy that system is carried, cause larger energy loss by this granuloplastic black smoke.

If uniform Temperature Distribution is not present in combustion cell, ash can be produced simultaneously at the different zones of combustion chamber (brown) cigarette and black smoke.

As can be seen, the fundamental cause that cigarette is produced during burning of coal is the discharged combustible gas that can not fully burn Body, that is to say, that inefficient combustion.When realizing the complete burning of fuel gas in a combustion chamber, will not only it prevent cigarette from producing, and And also realize that energy retains as natural result.

Either in the form of particle or unburned hydro carbons, it is effective that cigarette, which is produced not only for coal, and to liquid It is also effective with gas burning.Equally in the combustion system of combustion of liquid and gaseous fuel, when in a combustion chamber can not be real Now during complete burning condition, the generation of both cigarettes is inevitable.It is easier to realize uniform liquid and gas combustion however, working as Material complete burning when, and when liquids and gases fuel burner have be able to ensure that height ratio efficiency of combustion design and During automatic control system, in fact, Combustion chamber design that can be appropriate in liquids and gases fuel burning boiler is easily real Existing smokeless combustion.

On the other hand, the not enough oxygen in due to combustion chamber also produces carbon monoxide (CO) (a kind of pollutant emission) When, the carbon monoxide also occurs as the product of inefficient combustion.However, by contrast, being produced by the burning of the sulphur in fuel Raw sulfur dioxide (SO2) discharge is not the product of inefficient combustion, but is occurred as the combustion product produced by the burning of sulphur. Consequently, because sulfur dioxide (SO2) emissions can not possibly directly be reduced by means of efficient combustion, so sulfur dioxide (SO2) emissions subtract It is few only to be realized or via to combustion chamber addition lime or similar chemicals by being applicable to cigarette by dry desulfurizing process The wet desulphurization method of road gas is realized.

2. the technology of existing solid, liquid and gas fuel combustion boiler：

Current existing hot water, superheated water and steam boiler for heating with industrial purpose can be manufactured just and structural property For, welding steel boiler and merogenesis cast-iron boiler are categorized as in Liang Ge groups.Can be with regard to burning solid, liquid and gaseous fuel Ability and the boiler use region for, the boiler in the two groups is estimated as follows.

A steel boiler) is welded

Boiler in this group is for house-apartment type household heating and for the boiler of industrial purpose.These boilers Two main groups can be further separated into according to its structural property.

A) flame flue tube boiler

B) water-tube boiler

Flame flue tube boiler is at low capacity and intermediate size domestic type central heating station and same in relatively low capacity The boiler used with intermediate size industrial steam generating factory and office.The boiler of this type can also be for structural property and design style It is divided into three kinds of different types.

1) semi-cylindrical boiler (DANSK types)

2) cylindrical three-pass boiler (SCOTCH types)

3) cylindrical back pressure (adverse current) radiation boiler

Semi-cylindrical boiler (DANSK) type is that typically in the boiler that Turkey uses, the boiler particularly for heating and Substantially it is designed to buring solid fuel.In the boiler of this type, fire grate can be removed so as to combustion of liquid fuel.

Cylindrical three-pass boiler (SCOTCH) type is the boiler for being actually designed to combustion of liquid and gaseous fuel. When fire grate is installed in the boiler of this type and therefore by the boiler be converted into solid fuel fired boiler and it is non-effective when, solid Fuel can be used only in the case where installing mechanical loading coal burner (firing machine) or being alternative in the primary smelting furnace of burner.

Cylindrical back pressure (adverse current) radiation boiler is low capacity boiler, and the boiler is designed to combustion of liquid completely With gaseous fuel and for family expenses and exactly apartment type household heating purpose.When in the boiler in this type in smaller burning When realizing the heat transfer based on radiation by adverse current in room, it is impossible to by installing fire grate come buring solid fuel.

On the other hand, water-tube boiler is exactly to be used or the pot for industrial purpose at Large Copacity central heating station Stove.The heavy duty boiler of this type is installed by mechanical coal burner (firing machine) rather than liquids and gases fuel burner in addition Being capable of buring solid fuel under conditions of at the leading portion.On the other hand, also there is substantial amounts of Large Copacity water-tube boiler, the boiler It is designed to be operated completely with solid fuel, as thermal power plant boiler.

B) merogenesis cast-iron boiler

The boiler of this type is also designed to the low capacity boiler of combustion of liquid and gaseous fuel.With solid fuel The type of (such as coke, coal briquette) operation is also available.Can two kinds of different types with the boiler that gaseous fuel is operated As air blowing type burner and atmospheric burner.

2.1. the firing technique of solid fuel fired boiler, burning and cigarette are produced：

Solid fuel fired boiler can be categorized as hand feed boiler and machinery for firing technique in two main groups Feed boiler.

Coal is being generally used for the existing domestic type hand feed low capacity and intermediate size hot water and steam of heating purpose With inefficient combustion on fire grate in boiler；Because general without using filter in the boiler of this type, by pollutant emission Caused air pollution reaches huge value.

For central heating and for industry in Large Copacity type the boiler operated with solid fuel in, coal by Burnt in power feed coal burner (firing machine) or in fluidized system, meanwhile, in the steam power plant for generating is intended to Larger capacity boiler at, coal is in special grinding mill into after powder by means of the special burner combustion of pulverized coal preparation system.

When ensuring to make firing machine factor fail at pyric continuity and up charging or lower section feed type firing machine, coal Efficiency combustor that can be higher compared with hand feed boiler.When fluidized bed combustion syste ensures compliance with the optimal of pyric continuity During air fuel mixed-level, efficiency of combustion is further increased to higher level.

However, because at the combustion system of traditional top charging firing machine or lower section charging firing machine and in fluid bed Complete and smokeless combustion can not be all realized at system, so flue dust retainer multistage rotation must be used at such combustion system Wind separator and wet filter；And the cigarette and pollutant emission due to inefficient combustion generation cause sizable air pollution.

On the other hand, both power feed coal burner and fluidized system are implemented into and supplied in house-apartment type family expenses The low capacity and the possibility of intermediate size boiler that warm place is used economically are very limited.

2.1.1 the burning of ignition system and coal at hand feed fixed pan furnace grate：

In hand feed boiler group and it is most commonly used in the semi-cylindrical boiler of house-apartment type household heating Ignition system includes hand feed fixed pan grate furnace, and the hand feed fixed pan grate furnace is the technology being as old as the hills.

In the solid fuel fired boiler of this type, fuel is above the plane fire grate below semi-cylindrical fire grate room Burning.Coal is by opening fore lighting-up tuyere via scoop in fire grate upper feeding, and the ash-pan dropped into below fire grate In ash content can be pulled out by opening grey disk cover using rake.On the other hand, the larger clinker being retained on fire grate, which is used, to be dialled Lighted torch and rake are removed from lighting-up tuyere.Covered in ash-pan in the presence of the primary air ventilating opening for entering below fire grate and realizing burning, And auxiliary air ventilating opening is present on the top for entering coal of lighting-up tuyere.The flame cigarette and hot gas for carrying out self-thermo furnace pass through second and the 3rd Logical flame smoke pipeline, and water in heating boiler and then reach flue.The flame smoke pipeline blocked by flying dust and coal smoke is before opening Cleared up after the smoke box lid in portion with metal plug.

In hand feed semi-cylindrical boiler, the wood of a certain amount is lighted on fire grate first during initial ignition, And after cinder is obtained, coal is loaded on cinder with spilling coal mode using scoop.

In semi-cylindrical hand feed fixed pan furnace grate, coal is burnt with two kinds of distinct methods, and methods described is Spill coal type burning and filled type combustion method.

A) coal type combustion method is spilt：

In this method, in the fire that coal is trickled down from lighting-up tuyere by using scoop and is fed on fire grate.In fuel gas not In the case of being mixed with enough air, this causes the coal smoke in black smoke form to be formed by cracking reaction, the combustible gas Body new coal when on the scorching hot fuel bed being sprinkled upon in the form of thin layer above fire grate it is fast in uncontrolled mode due to high temperature Quick-release is put.

On the other hand, if coal is sprinkled upon on ashes as thick-layer, new coal cools down burning bed, therefore destruction combustion significantly first Burning state, and then begin to heat and gasify from bottom.Flame and the hot gas discharged from the burning bed at bottom are passed through in top layer Cross coal and quickly heat and distill coal, therefore cause the uncontrolled release of escaping gas.When such discharged fuel gas When becoming far from combustion zone when moving up；The fuel gas is due to low temperature as in the unburned of grey (brown) cigarette form Hydro carbons leaves system without lighting, even if it is also such that enough air enter from auxiliary air ventilating opening.On the other hand, exist At the bottom that coal is contacted with combustion zone, although enough temperature can be obtained, the fuel gas of most of uncontrolled release Reason caused by the primary air with limited supply is lacked below fire grate cracking reaction and change into black smoke, it is described lack Less because flue draught causes.When the coal facies at top layer are when heat and when reaching ignition temperature, most of volatile materials conduct Cigarette is removed from flue.

B) filled type method：

At the method, new coal not in the whole surface upper feeding of fire grate, but at right side and left side correspondingly with The form of filler is stacked.The method be intended to by be gradually heated up at the half of fire grate new coal (compared with spilling coal type method) come The discharged gas of burning, while coking coal burns on second half of fire grate.Although however, gas is released in longer period of time Put, but work as discharged gas and be oriented parallel on side towards the rear portion of fire grate room from the ashes on the opposite side of fire grate During the hot gas of release, and when gas is contacted with the cold surface in fire grate bottom portion, most of gas is with grey cigarette Form is left system and is not ignited.Therefore, although the grey cigarette ratio discharged at the method spills coal type method diluter, the method Need the longer duration.After the coal stacked in the form of filler on the side is distilled and is then lighted, coal It is transformed into the black smoke in coal smoke form due to the inefficient combustion at upper strata, the inefficient combustion is led due to high combustion bed thickness Cause.But at the method, when the auxiliary air entered from top becomes too without the used time, efficiency is reduced due to excessive air.

As can be seen, can not possibly prevent brown (ash) or black smoke at semi-cylindrical boiler from producing, because in ignition system Complete burning condition can not be realized, even if coal burns to spill coal type method on plane fire grate or can not realized using filling. When the cigarette from flue is unburned hydro carbons and carbon particle, sizable part of fuel discharges as loss from flue.

In fact, smelting furnace firing machine is without using the two methods of burning according to the technology, and once will for convenience Substantial amounts of coal is fed into boiler.Therefore, grey cigarette of the reason caused by very thick burning bed first, subsequent black smoke (coal Cigarette) and carbon particle produce, combustible loss reaches maximum horizontal.

When a large amount of coal smokes and coal dust that are produced by bad and inefficient combustion cause blocking up in flame smoke pipeline in a short time During plug, this fact brings the challenge of operating aspect, because pipeline should be cleared up frequently, and this fact is due to pipe surface On coal smoke layer and heat transfer is complicated, therefore reduce the efficiency of heating surface of boiler.

In addition, in semi-cylindrical boiler, when removing warm sludge block by opening lighting-up tuyere rake, unburned coal cinder Fall on below fire grate or fall out, and ash loss also increases.

When performing this operation, the excessive air entered in boiler further reduces boiler efficiency, and from institute The carbon monoxide emission of the warm sludge block of the complete burning removed can produce adverse condition for the health of rabbler sometimes.

As can be seen, when the conventional planar fire grate semi-cylindrical boiler in hand feed, (boiler is still commonly used simultaneously Represent the technology that is as old as the hills) ignition system in when can not realize complete burning condition, coal is with extremely low efficiency combustor and can not prevent Substantial amounts of cigarette is produced.When flue and ash loss reach maximum horizontal, energy loss is also due to unburned fuel is with identical Speed increase.In addition, firing machine factor plays an important role in regular job, and the challenge of operating aspect is further reduced Efficiency.

Hand feed is substantially comprised by the ignition system being designed in buring solid fuel, merogenesis cast-iron boiler Smelting furnace, and air of igniting enters ignition system below fire grate, and auxiliary air is from the front part of smelting furnace Lighting-up tuyere enters ignition system.

When merogenesis cast-iron boiler is designed to exactly burn degassing coal (such as coke or coal briquette), coal is smaller Burnt at thick burning bed on grate area.

As semi-cylindrical boiler, in solid fuel merogenesis cast-iron boiler, coal is fed via scoop from lighting-up tuyere, And clinker is pulled out using rake from same outlet.However, in the boiler of this type, can not due to less grate area Can be burnt coal with filled type method.By being fed in the form of thick-layer, coal causes grey cigarette to produce, because the volatile matter largely discharged As that can not be ignited spilling in coal type combustion method, and then, the coal causes black smoke to produce after conflagration starts It is raw.When burn extremely low volatile coal (such as coke, coal briquette or anthracite) rather than high volatile coal (such as lignite) when, realize compared with High efficiency of combustion.However, when using high volatile coal, the efficiency of combustion at this boiler is than in semi-cylindrical boiler Efficiency it is much lower.

Coal combustion systems in power feed boiler can be categorized into four groups for entering coal method and the theory of combustion.

1) there is top to feed the coal combustion systems of firing machine

2) there is lower section to feed the coal combustion systems of firing machine

3) there are the coal combustion systems of fluid bed

4) comminuted powder coal combustion systems

When in semi-cylindrical and cylindrical three-pass boiler and water-tube boiler or when being embodied as in the front portion of boiler Anterior smelting furnace when, top charging firing machine (coal burner) undertakes the ignition system function of boiler.Combustion air is via pressure Blow and supplied below fire grate, and new coal via power feed in fire grate upper feeding.The coal combustion of firing machine is fed with top System can be classified with three groups：Ejection-type firing machine, foward-push firing machine and rotary fire grate formula (pellet type) firing machine.

In charging firing machine above ejection-type, new coal is with mechanical injection system with fixed or mobile stepwise fire grate Combustion chamber in be sprinkled upon on fire, and the theory of combustion is to implement in hand feed boiler to spill coal type burning side by automatic feed Method.Using particle retainer multi-cyclone or wet filter because black smoke is produced and becomes to force at flue outlet Property, the black smoke is produced by that can not light waving from the new coal quick release being sprinkled upon by means of automatic spraying system on burning bed Stimulating food causes.

In with the combustion system of charging firing machine above preceding push type；Carry out and the filled type in hand feed boiler The ignition principle identical combustion process of method, wherein power feed realize operation ease and reach the ability of Large Copacity.When When can not prevent that grey cigarette from producing with black smoke generation at these combustion systems, needed also exist at the flue outlet of boiler such as many The filtration system of level cyclone separator or wet filter.

Above the rotary fire grate formula (pellet type) in the combustion system of charging, from an endfeed of pellet type rotary fire grate Newly coal starts to burn and burning is ash content and clinker completely at the other end, and theory of combustion presentation is similar in hand feed Filled type method and the combustion process for the combination for spilling coal type combustion method in boiler.The burning system fed in the top of this type Large Copacity can be achieved in system, as it is possible that extension tray formula rotary fire grate and increasing rotary speed；However, when due to by burning Inefficient combustion caused by principle and when can not prevent that cigarette from producing, filtration system is needed also exist at flue outlet.

When in the fire grate case installed in semi-cylindrical and cylindrical three-pass boiler or be embodied as boiler it is anterior before During portion's smelting furnace, lower section charging firing machine (coal burner) equally undertakes the ignition system function of boiler.Add with lower section charging In the coal ignition system of coal machine, coal is fed into fixed grate combustion chamber using helical structure from below, and combustion air is same Fan supply is blowed with the pressure of the coal fed parallel to lower section.When coal is fed into combustion chamber with certain preheating, with Ignition system at hand feed boiler is compared with the ignition system in up charging firing machine, real for lighting volatile matter Existing more efficient burning.However, not only ash loss increase but also cigarette are produced and are not avoided that because by rabbler from solid Determine during fire grate removes the useless ash of burning and clinker manually, fired state is destroyed and efficiency of combustion is reduced.Therefore, in flue outlet Place becomes enforceable using the filtration system of such as flue dust retainer multi-cyclone and wet filter, wherein in fact Now there is lower section to feed the ignition system of firing machine.

Coal combustion systems with fluid bed are exactly suitable for burning into powder or fine-grained coal, and for should Use the combustion system of high-capacity industrial type water-tube boiler.Combustion system with fluid bed is to be based on following principle：Burn coal, Make coal flowing at fluid bed together with sorbing material as the water in saucepan with supercharging hot-air, the air is in combustion chamber Lower section is fed below resistant to elevated temperatures perforated plate.Coal is automatically up fed to fluidized bed combustion bed via screw conveyer. When the fixation carbon part for ensuring coal is in good mixing (turbulent flow) of air in burning bed, good burning and burning coal are realized Fixation carbon part, but the grey cigarette and particle (black smoke) that are made up of unburned hydro carbons produce also at this system, because feeding It can not be burnt completely to the volatile matter in the new coal of combustion chamber.Therefore, flue dust suction must be used at the flue outlet of boiler Device multi-cyclone and wet filter.

Comminuted powder coal combustion systems are (especially to produce the steam power plant of electric energy at very Large Copacity water-tube boiler In) there is the combustion system in broad use field.In these combustion systems, coal at special grinder into powder Afterwards, if being mixed in the way of turbulization with the air burning for being suitable for the relatively low heat value from the fuel done by into powder Coal is sprayed onto in the combustion chamber of boiler, and is burnt the coal in powder mode.Due to the suitable air-fuel ratio in combustion chamber And turbulent closure scheme, realize efficient burning.However, some volatile materials can not be burned, because being sprayed onto new in combustion chamber Volatile matter in the fresh coal into powder is fast released, and is transformed into particle by means of cracking reaction.Therefore, in flue outlet Place uses Large Copacity wet desulphurisation system and wet filter, to reduce the sulfur dioxide as caused by the coal with high sulfur content Discharge.

2.3. the burning at liquids and gases fuel boiler：

Pass through liquids and gases in the function for the ignition system being designed in the boiler due to liquids and gases fuel combustion Fuel burner is met, and the burner is arranged on that boiler is anterior and operation is completely automatic.Burner is according to by pot Outlet of still coolant controlled thermostat and enable at a temperature of setting, and automatically disabled when reaching a certain temperature.Due to This automatic deactivation feature of burner, realizing other automatic control systems of the control depending on external temperature can also easily exist Implement in such boiler.

Liquid fuel fired boiler is general to be used as fuel by fuel oil, and the fuel is referred to as central heating fuel.Liquid fuel fires Fuel oil (fuel oil is uniform fuel) can be sprayed onto in the combustion chamber of boiler and with rapids by burner together with combustion air Stream mode is burnt, and has been met when the Combustion chamber design in boiler, the sprinkling angle of burner and fuel capacity are suitable During full burning condition, prevent cigarette from producing.The adjustable air fuel mixing of burner can increase efficiency of combustion, and burner sprays The operation at the required capacity in range of capacity is realized in the adjustment of mouth.Good air fuel adjustment is not being carried out however, working as When or when cannot ensure burning completely in the case of the combustion chamber of boiler is inappropriate, in coal smoke form or be used as unburned hydrocarbon The cigarette of class can discharge from flue.

Natural gas is typically used as the fuel in Gas Fuel Boilers.In the presence of two kinds of gaseous fuel burners, the burner For air blowing type (fan) burner and atmospheric burner.Atmospheric burner can only be used in the boiler with atmospheric burner, The boiler, which is specifically designed, is only used for such burner.On the other hand, air blowing type burner can cylindrical three-pass boiler, Implement in counter pressure radiation type boiler and three backhaul merogenesis cast-iron boilers.

In cylindrical three backhauls steel boiler and merogenesis cast iron three-pass boiler, combustion chamber is being fed to by burner Air gas mixture is completed in cylindrical combustion chamber after burning, and combustion product hot gas is from second and third channel pipeline Or tube channel is passed through, and subsequently depart from boiler and reach flue.Heat transfer in cylindrical three-pass boiler passes through combustion chamber In radiation and ensured by the convection current and conduction at second and third channel pipeline.Can as inefficient combustion product In the case that the coal smoke and coal dust of generation are gathered due to the faulty operation at the boiler of this type or other reasons at pipeline, The anterior smoke box lid of boiler can be opened and metal plug can be used to clear up pipeline.

On the other hand, in counter pressure radiation type boiler, by the air fuel mixture that makes to supply via burner in circle The combustion chamber that the back segment with closing is surrounded at the central axis of cylindricality combustion chamber rotates, countercurrently to realize turbulent flow, correspondingly to exist Realize that certain second backhaul further increases efficiency of combustion simultaneously in combustion chamber.Countercurrently to return to the combustion product heat of combustion chamber Gas passes through the flame smoke pipeline in periphery and leaves boiler by adverse current.Heat transfer in the boiler of this type basically by Ensured due to the radiation caused by adverse current in combustion chamber.In the literature, the boiler of this type is referred to as " having adverse current smelting furnace Boiler ".When natural gas is used as into fuel, because the radiation of natural gas is lower than liquid fuel, at flame smoke pipeline Heat transfer it is more important；In this regard, turbulator is arranged in pipeline to improve the heat transfer rate in per surface.So And, when the front portion that burner is connected to is covered during operation because Natural gas pipeline system and burner are in the boiler of this type When fixing and can not open, it is impossible to which the coal smoke that cleaning is gathered in the duct due to coal dust, the coal dust can be used as bad combustion The product of burning is produced, the inefficient combustion due to setting and being destroyed due to operating mistake in burner air in the case of not The air of foot causes, and correspondingly the efficiency of heating surface at pipeline can be reduced in the operating condition.

In the semi-cylindrical boiler of natural gas is converted into from solid fuel, the efficiency of combustion ratio in semi-cylindrical combustion chamber It is lower in cylindrical boiler, and when the heating surface of second calculated according to solid fuel and the 3rd smoke pipeline is excessive, Flue temperature is greatly reduced in natural gas；This fact improves the general efficiency of heating surface of boiler, but now due to excessive water , there is excessive condensation and etching problem in boiler and flue in steam (combustion product of natural gas).

3. " the solid and full-automatic smokeless water-heating/steam copper of liquid/gas fuel that can be adjusted according to coal type Stove "

Patent " the solid and full-automatic smokeless water-heating/steam copper of liquid/gas fuel that can be adjusted according to coal type Stove (Solid and Liquid/Gas Fueled, Fully Automated, Smokeless Combustion Hot Water/Steam Boiler Adjustable According to the Coal Type) " theme be innovative techniques Full-automatic solid and liquid/gas fuel water/steam boiler of smokeless combustion, the boiler：It is used as family expenses and industrial The substitute of existing solid and liquid/gas fuel boiler and develop, and possess new invention step, the new invention step for pair Form entitled ' the improved particular design double fuel high efficiency less boiler (Improved with two combustion chambers Special Design Dual Fueled High Efficiency Smokeless Boiler with Two Combustion Chambers) ' No. 27751 patent theme boiler carry out study for a long period of time-research and develop and optimizing research As a result；Double-walled or water pipe design are designed with according to hot water, superheated water, steam generation and operating pressure；It is included in solid combustion Full-automation in material igniting chamber enters coal and clinker and removes system, realizes according to the complete of the method for adjustment of the volatile matter ratio in coal Automate combustion air hardware, realize that the burning bed of the method for adjustment according to the granularity of coal and clinker ratio adjusts system, and Full-automatic special fire grate system；Also include the full-automatic dry desulfurization system for realizing the method for adjustment of the sulfur content according to coal System, when being adjusted according to coal type used by the panel of the PLC automations controlled and security system, the boiler passes through warp Prevent cigarette from producing at source with high burning efficiency smokeless combustion coal in a combustion chamber by automatically continuously feeding, the boiler leads to Full-automatic dry method desulfuration system is crossed to prevent the sulfur dioxide (SO2) emissions in combustion chamber, the boiler by be intended to be used for independently of Solid fuel ignition room and light the combustion chamber of the particular design of liquid/gas fuel without for from solid fuel to liquid Body/gaseous fuel or the conversion from liquid/gas fuel to solid fuel carry out any modification, and the boiler can be according to solid Coal type at fluid fuel is adjusted.

The novel boiler of the present invention is designed with according to low, the medium and Large Copacity demand in family expenses and industrial type The mobile grate system or stepwise being classified completely move-fixed special fire grate system.Innovative techniques boiler is according to hot water, overheat Water, steam produce and operating pressure and be designed with double-walled or water pipe.Fig. 1 illustrates with the mobile grate system being classified completely Domestic type is low or intermediate size double-walled is related to hot water and produces boiler.Fig. 2 illustrates to move-fix special fire grate system with stepwise Central heating and industrial medium and Large Copacity double wall design hot water/superheated water produce boiler.Fig. 3 illustrates have on the other hand Stepwise moves-fixed central heating and the industrial Large Copacity water pipe design superheated water/steam generating boiler of special fire grate system.

The function system being set forth in Fig. 1,2 and 3 in the boiler of this patent and part, and corresponding part and be System following article lists illustrated.

1) automation of temperature sensitive or pressure-sensitive PLC controls and security system

2) by automating the pressure drawing fan with inverter that panel is controlled

3) vacuum meter of solid fuel ignition chamber pressure is measured

4) by automating the pressure air blowing fan with inverter that panel is controlled

5) flue by-pass baffles

6) the boiler front panel of solid fuel air hardware is belonged to

7) by automating the master air suction valve that panel is controlled

8) by automating the low capacity idle speed air admission valve that panel is controlled

9) coal silo air flow conduit is entered

10) coal silo ventilating air valve-butterfly valve is entered

11) the main silo of coal

12) double-walled with air circulation enters coal silo

13) screw conveyer automated into coal is realized

14) lime helical structure is entered by what lime was fed into dry method desulfuration system

15) lime silo is entered

16) coal preheating chamber

17) there is the cup of triangle water jacket or water pipe

18) coal distillation room

19) solid fuel ignition room

20) there is the fire grate motion retarder of inverter

21) the mobile grate system being classified completely

22) stepwise moves-fixed special fire grate system

23) clinker flow tube

24) there is the medial compartment of water jacket or water pipe

25) there is the combustion chamber rear wall of water jacket or water pipe

26) passage of flame pipe

27) steel construction boiler frame

28) ash-pan

29) ash-pan-clinker medial compartment

30) clinker trap

31) volatile ash collector

32) ash content removes screw conveyer under fire grate

33) clinker removes screw conveyer

34) volatile ash removes screw conveyer

35) clinker pond

36) wet slag block discharge helical structure

37) liquid/gas fuel burner entrance

38) liquid/gas fuel burner

39) there is the liquid/gas fuel flame entrance of water jacket or refractor

40) liquid/gas fuel combustion chamber

41) liquid/gas fuel blast orifice

42) burner hearth

43) second channel flame smoke pipeline

44) third channel flame smoke pipeline

45) the first Vertical Channel of water pipe pipe

46) the second Vertical Channel of water pipe pipe

47) the Vertical Channel pipe of water pipe the 3rd

48) the Vertical Channel pipe of water pipe the 4th

49) the Vertical Channel pipe of water pipe the 5th

50) flue gas condenser

51) condenser bypass valve

52) steam drum

53) superheater

54) flue gas economizer

55) flue by-pass baffles actuator

56) air inlet distributor is forced

57) primary air pipe

58) secondary air pipe

59) by automating the coal type volatile matter baffle plate that panel is controlled

60) auxiliary air heating tube

61) silo ventilating air guiding trestle

62) master air suction valve actuator

63) master air suction valve screws adjustment mechanism

64) low capacity idle speed air admission valve actuator

65) low capacity idle speed air admission valve screws adjustment mechanism

66) coal type volatile matter damper actuator

67) coal type volatile matter baffle plate screws adjustment mechanism

68) coal silo ventilating air valve actuator is entered

69) enter coal silo ventilating air valve and screw adjustment mechanism

70) coal silo horizon sensor is entered

71) coal silo lid is entered

72) coal silo lid actuator is entered

73) from entering coal stream connector of the coal helical structure to silo

74) coal silo track is entered

75) coal silo spool is entered

76) there is the camshaft of adjustable stroke

77) pitman arm

78) complete mobile grate framework

79) complete mobile grate

80) complete mobile grate spool

81) stepwise mobile grate framework

82) stepwise mobile grate bracket axle

83) stepwise mobile grate

84) stepwise fixed grate framework

85) stepwise fixed grate bracket axle

86) stepwise fixed grate

87) stepwise mobile grate frame bracket ball bearing

88) stepwise mobile grate frame bracket ball

89) fixed clinker cooling fire grate

90) thermocouple of clinker temperature is measured

91) burning bed adjustment pipe refractor sheath

92) burning bed adjustment pipe cooling air air blowing fan

93) air cooling burning bed adjustment pipe

94) water cooling burning bed adjustment pipe

95) the burning bed adjustment plate of the particular design with blade tube of water cooling

96) it is immersed in ash emissions pipe under the fire grate in clinker pond

97) clinker delivery pipe

98) volatile ash delivery pipe

99) water is added to the floating block in clinker pond

100) waste residue block silo

101) ash-pan mouthful

102) clinker pallet mouthful

103) the main silo of lime

104) lime valve is entered

105) it is switched on/off the actuator into lime valve

106) vibrator of lime flowing is realized

107) lime flow tube

108) lime silo horizon sensor is entered

109) there is the lighting-up tuyere of watch window

110) the connector pallet mouthful with watch window

111) camshaft of panel is accommodated

112) mouth is lubricated

113) flue gas tank before

114) rear pass gas tank

115) boiler flue outlet

116) the volatile ash collector mouthful with watch window

As illustrated in Fig. 1,2 and 3, innovative techniques boiler design of the invention for hot water, superheated water or steam boiler with In household or industrial purpose or for heating, steam or energy production purpose, and including three principal pieces, three principal pieces For：Solid fuel igniting section, described solid fuel igniting 16 funtion parts of Duan Yousan are constituted, and the funtion part is temperature sensitive Or the automation of pressure-sensitive PLC control and security system (1), controlled by automating panel according to boiler attendance capacity and coal type The pressure drawing fan (2) with inverter, and by automate panel by means of measure solid fuel ignition chamber pressure Vacuum meter (3) come the pressure air blowing fan (4) with inverter that controls, by automating the master air suction valve that panel is controlled (7) enter with the low capacity idling on the flue by-pass baffles (5) of boiler front panel (6) for belonging to solid fuel air hardware Air valve (8), enters coal silo air flow conduit (9), enters coal silo ventilating air valve-butterfly valve (10), realizes from the main silo of coal (11) enter the belt or screw conveyer (13) that automate into coal of coal silo (12) to the double-walled with air circulation, entering Enter lime helical structure (14) by what lime was fed into dry method desulfuration system while coal, enter lime silo (15), coal preheating chamber (16) cup (17), with triangle water jacket or water pipe, coal distillation room (18), solid fuel ignition room (19), with passing through According to the fire grate motion retarder (20) of the selected programme controlled inverter of the coal type from automation panel, it is similarly dependent on The mobile grate system (21) or stepwise of the complete classification of boiler capacity move-fixed special fire grate system (22), clinker flow tube (23) medial compartment (24), with water jacket or water pipe, the combustion chamber rear wall (25) with water jacket or water pipe, passage of flame pipe (26), the ash-pan (28) on the inside of steel construction boiler frame (27), ash-pan-clinker pallet medial compartment (29), clinker pallet (30) ash content removes screw conveyer (32) under, volatile ash collector (31), fire grate, and clinker removes screw conveyer (33), volatile ash removes screw conveyer (34) and clinker pond (35) and wet slag block discharge helical structure (36)；Liquid Body/gaseous fuel ignition section, the liquid/gas fuel ignition section is included by means of liquid/gas fuel burner entrance (37) the liquid/gas fuel burner (38) of boiler, water jacket or refractor liquid/gas fuel flame entrance are connected to (39), independently of solid fuel ignition room particular design liquid/gas fuel combustion chamber (40)；And heat transfer area, The heat transfer area is made up of the following：Common burner hearth (42), wherein leaving burning with the heat transfer carried out by radiation The flame of room ensures to carry out heat transfer again with radiation, and wherein liquid/gas fuel blast orifice (41) is located at lateral bottom side, and And the volatile ash collector of the volatile ash produced during coal combustion is wherein collected at the bottom side；And be in Double wall design and the second channel flame smoke pipeline (43) and third channel pipeline (44) designed in water pipe, heat transfer area is by passing through The first Vertical Channel pipe (45) of water pipe formation, the second Vertical Channel pipe (46), the 3rd Vertical Channel pipe (47), the 4th erect vertically Straight-through deferent (48) and the 5th Vertical Channel pipe (49) are constituted, and are ensured with will pass through the convection current and conduction of combustion product gas Heat transfer.

The liquid/gas fuel ignition section of the boiler of this patent includes liquid/gas fuel burner entrance (37), described The illustrated posterior office for being located at the boiler in double wall design in liquid/gas fuel burner entrance such as Fig. 1 and 2, and It is located at as illustrated in Figure 3 at the sinciput of the boiler designed in water pipe section；And it is connected to the liquid/gas fuel combustion of boiler Device (38)；With water jacket or refractor liquid/gas fuel flame entrance (39)；And at the lateral bottom side of burner hearth (42) Two blast orifices (41), the blast orifice is usually used by the liquid/gas fuel combustion chamber (40) of water pipe particular design, described Liquid/gas fuel combustion chamber is located at cylindrical structural, and the cylindrical structural is characterised by adverse current smelting furnace, the adverse current Smelting furnace is located at the top section of solid fuel ignition room at the double wall design, and is similarly positioned in solid fuel at water pipe design and fires Burn at the top section of room；And solid fuel igniting unit.

In the boiler of the double wall design illustrated in Fig. 1 and 2, by skimming over cylindrical liquid/gas fuel combustion The peripheral surface of room and the flame and hot gas that are returned by adverse current advance up that (this and solid fuel light a fire single from burner hearth (42) It is first the same), then pass through first from second channel flame smoke pipeline (43) by and from third channel pipeline (44), subsequently depart from pot Stove.In this way, in the novel boiler with double wall design, when lighting solid fuel, altogether in the presence of three backhauls, that is, exist The passage of solid fuel in combustion chamber (19), and with liquid/gas fuel ignition section in second channel pipeline (43) and third channel pipeline (44) place passage；On the other hand, when lighting liquid/gas fuel, if it is considered that feature exists Two passages in cylindrical liquid/gaseous fuel in the combustion chamber (40) of adverse current smelting furnace, then together with second and the 3rd There are four passages altogether in the passage in communication conduits.

On the other hand, in the boiler designed with water pipe illustrated in fig. 3, liquid/gas fuel ignition and solid combustion There are six passages altogether in both shots fire：Except the horizontal channel in liquid/gas fuel combustion chamber (40) or combustion chamber (19) In solid fuel outside, also from the first Vertical Channel pipe (45), the second Vertical Channel pipe formed by waterpipe (46), the passage of the 3rd Vertical Channel pipe (47), the 4th Vertical Channel pipe (48) and the 5th Vertical Channel pipe (49).

The innovative techniques boiler of this patent is equipped with automation and the security system (1) of temperature sensitive or pressure-sensitive PLC controls, described System is for both solid fuel igniting section and liquid/gas fuel ignition section.When lighting solid fuel, enter coal, with burning Control, dry method desulfuration system and the operation and the removal of clinker that air velocity and fire grate motion are carried out to burn rate are by this System is in the program and the frame of setting carried out according to used coal type and according to the demand of enterprise from the panel on system board Performed full-automaticly in frame.When lighting both solid fuel and liquid-gas fired, security system is enabled so as in boiler In water protect boiler when being used up due to temperature and under the analogue for being likely to result in harm.

Combustion air is fed to the solid fuel point of the boiler of the present invention with the pressure air blowing fan (4) with inverter Fiery section, when by automating the pressure drawing fan (2) with inverter that panel is controlled by means of automated system (1) During with measuring the vacuum meter (3) of chamber pressure to control, the pressure air blowing fan provides the required pressure in combustion chamber.With Drawing fan and air blowing the fan supply of invertor operation are suitable for enterprise the need for according to enterprise from the face of automated system The combustion air flow velocity of the operation capacity needed under the selected classification revolution of plate.In addition, combustion air can be supplied with three selections Should, the selection is only to force air blowing fan by disabling come induced draught with flue drawing fan, or for only by disabling cigarette Road aspirator and by opening flue by-pass baffles (5) come gravity-flow ventilation.

In the hot-water boiler with the double wall design as described in Fig. 1 and 2, the flue air cooling being made up of stainless steel pipes Condenser (50) is located at the energy that the back segment of boiler sentences the steam just utilized in flue gas.When flue gas is at flue by-pass baffles When passing through condenser via induced draught when closing position, condenser via the moisture content by natural gas or coal by causing The condensation of steam the latent heat of vaporization is delivered to low temperature boiler blow-down water and boiler efficiency is improved.On the other hand, not with low temperature In the natural flue draught domestic type miniature boiler of boiler blow-down water operation, it can also stop by opening flue by-pass baffles (5) After aspirator, condenser is disabled by opening the condenser bypass valve between condenser and boiler (51).

In the industrial boiler with water pipe design such as illustrated in fig. 3, satisfying for the steam drum (52) above boiler is left Superheated steam can be changed into by means of the superheater (53) in burner hearth (42) with steam.Steam in heater outlet is used Automated system is heated to required temperature, and covers the high-temperature steam requirement of enterprise for processing intent.If the mesh of enterprise Mark is to generate electricity, then the same automated system of superheated steam increases required temperature and is directed to steam turbine.In such tool In the boiler for having industrial water pipe design, flue gas economizer (54) is located in boiler export, for by being steamed due to high temperature Vapour and leave at high temperature boiler flue gas come pre-heating boiler feedwater.

Boiler front panel (6) (the boiler front panel can be pulled down from front portion from boiler, belong to air hardware) is located at new The front side of the solid fuel igniting section of clever boiler, and gravity-flow ventilation or the only common master air suction valve of air-breathing (7) and gravity-flow ventilation are low Capacity idle speed air admission valve (8) is located on this panel.In the presence of entering coal silo air flow conduit (9), the pipeline is via being connected to Pressure air blowing fan (4) outlet of boiler front panel is connected to double-walled and enters the bottom side of coal silo (12), and enters the circulation of coal silo Air valve-butterfly valve (10), on the pipeline.

In the operation carried out using only drawing fan depending on the requirement of coal type and enterprise in the case of enough, to be blown in pressure When gas fan stops, combustion air can be supplied only by means of the pressure air-breathing carried out with master air suction valve (7), the master air suction valve It is automatically turned on by means of master air suction valve actuator (62).Equally, activated with the by-pass baffles controlled by automating panel The flue by-pass baffles (5) that device (55) is opened and closed is automatically turned on when drawing fan is deactivated, and by flue from So ventilation is with relatively low capacity provisioning combustion air.On the other hand, it is in heating or steam needs very low or even insignificant In the case of at level, master air valve is also automatically turned off and only low capacity idling air valve (8) is automatically turned on.With this side Formula, combustion air can be supplied with three selections；First choice is wherein to force air blowing fan and force drawing fan to operate simultaneously Forced ventilation；Second selection is that forced ventilation is only carried out with pressure drawing fan, and the 3rd selection is only gravity-flow ventilation.

Special time of the natural flue draught only in one day in the low capacity boiler for being intended to heat for domestic type In the case of enough, because not needing forced ventilation, it is believed that drawing fan or air blowing fan are unnecessary, except urgent Situation, and in such cases, combustion air can require to supply only by means of gravity-flow ventilation according to heating.

On the other hand, on only being operated with gravity-flow ventilation, combustion air can two selection supplies；First choice is When master air valve is in a fully open position, second selection be master air valve closure and low capacity idling air valve be in beat During open position.

Air inlet distributor (56) is forced across the pressure air blowing fan outlet positioning for being connected to boiler front panel (6), and Primary air pipe (57) (guiding primary air to the primary air pipe) is formed between air distributor and panel Conduit bottom side, and secondary air pipe (58) (guiding auxiliary air to the secondary air pipe) and by automating face The coal type volatile matter baffle plate of plate (59) control is located at the top side of the conduit between air distributor and panel, the automation panel Make it possible to the volatile matter ratio in coal content to adjust system.In the auxiliary air advanced up from coal preheating chamber After top side is passed through, the auxiliary air then advances downwards as illustrated in the figure, and extends on the rear wall of distillery In auxiliary air heating tube (60).

On the other hand, it is fed into double-walled and enters coal silo (12) and the silo stream adjusted with ventilating air valve-butterfly valve (10) Blowing air enters from the bottom side of silo, and by means of positioned at the ventilating air guiding trestle (61) of top sides by towards in silo Coal is guided downwards.

Hit and forced into qi leel across front panel via air-breathing and the forced ventilation combustion air of air blowing fan supply is forced Orchestration (56), and it is divided into the Liang Ge branches advanced up and down.The combustion air supplied by natural flue draught is Enter during being operated under normal capacity from master air suction valve (7)；On the other hand, during being to operate under low capacity, automation is passed through The master air suction valve of panel control is completely closed and combustion air is only supplied from low capacity idle speed air admission valve (8).

During being to be operated with forced ventilation under normal capacity, when master air suction valve and low capacity idle speed air admission valve are in closure During position, with by the way that vacuum meter is according to the pressure air-breathing of the Stress control in combustion chamber and forces the once empty of air blowing fan entrance Gas advances downwards, and by primary air pipe (57) and the arrival combustion chamber below fire grate.On the other hand, what is advanced up is secondary Air by the coal type volatile matter baffle plate (59) on secondary air pipe (58) and is being subjected to after specific preheating, flows through coal The top section of preheating chamber, and auxiliary air heating tube (60) place then at the rear side of distillery (18) is completely heated up, then From above to up to combustion chamber (19).

During being to be operated with gravity-flow ventilation under normal capacity, air-breathing and air blowing fan is forced to be deactivated and flue bypass gear Plate is opened, and gravity-flow ventilation by flue and enters system by the opening for automating the master air valve that panel is controlled Combustion air reaches combustion chamber in the same manner by means of primary and secondary air hose.On the other hand, during low capacity is operated, Low capacity idling air valve close master air valve while open, and combustion air contribute to using relatively low amount release only as The igniting of the volatile combustible gases of auxiliary air.

When actuator (62) of the panel control for the automated system for being connected to PLC controls, master air suction valve (7) can Automatically open up and close with temperature and pressure level of the split-level according to needed for enterprise.It is deactivated in automated system In the case of or thinking if necessary, master air valve can also manually be adjusted and fixed by means of screwing adjustment mechanism (63).

Similarly, when actuator (64) of the panel control for the automated system for being connected to PLC controls, low capacity Idle speed air admission valve (8) also can be automatically turned on and close during low capacity is operated, and when necessary by means of screwing tune Complete machine structure (65) is manually adjusted.

When actuator (66) of the panel control for the automated system for being connected to PLC controls, coal type volatile matter gear Plate (59) can be adjusted with split-level according to used coal type；In addition, baffle plate can also be according in used coal The speed of volatile matter is being thought if necessary by means of screwing adjustment mechanism (67) and manually adjust and fix with butterfly cap.

Coal type volatile matter baffle plate (59) can be averagely arranged at six diverse locations according to by the coal type used, the position For for example, for very high volatile coal (100%) opening completely, opening, being waved for medium for high volatile coal about 80% Hair property coal about 60% is opened, and is opened for relatively low volatile coal about 40%, (such as smokeless for very low volatile coal Coal) about 20% opening, and closed for non-volatile coal (such as coke).According to during regular job by the coal used Type, adjusts by the PLC automation panels controlled or manually this valve and only once should be enough.

When actuator (68) of the panel control for the automated system for being connected to PLC controls, it is connected to from top side Force air blowing fan outlet enter on coal silo air flow conduit (9) enter coal silo ventilating air valve-butterfly valve (10) can Adjusted with split-level according to used coal type；In addition, the butterfly valve can be also being thought if necessary by means of screwing Adjustment mechanism (69) is manually adjusted and fixed.

Full-automatic novelty boiler realizes the adjustment to primary and secondary air capacity, and the primary and secondary air capacity is in combustion There is difference in functionality during burning；The automation panel controlled by PLC is automatically controlled simultaneously to primary and secondary air velocity And furthermore such that primary and secondary air can perform its function in the best way to carry out by the distributor gear of conduit Burning completely.On the other hand, double-walled enters coal silo ventilating air and the sky guided in silo and preheating chamber from above towards coal Gas not only prevents the overheat of silo, and by applying pressure from above come can be due to distillation in chamber towards combustion chamber guiding The fuel gas of middle release.In addition, being to keep idle in longer period of time in the case of operating under very low capacity or in boiler In the case of speed, multidimensional burning optimization lights the volatile combustible gases discharged with very low flow velocity by means of being intended merely for Low capacity idling air set ensures.

The novel smokeless burning boiler of full-automation of the present invention includes the main silo of coal (11) and the double-walled with air circulation Enter coal silo (12), and realize that belt or screw conveyer (13) from the main silo of coal to the automatic feeding coal for entering coal silo are led to Cross into coal silo horizon sensor (70) control, and automatically enable and disable in the coal level reduction in entering coal silo (when being connected to the automated system of PLC controls).Enter the Department of Automation that the lid of coal silo (71) is controlled by means of PLC The coal silo lid actuator (72) that enters of system control is entering before coal conveyer is started working to be automatically turned on, and is entering coal conveyer Automatically closed after stopping.On the other hand, in it need not enter the domestic type low capacity boiler of coal with conveyer, coal silo is entered Lid can manual unlocking and closure.

To avoid frequently opening and closing silo lid in medium and high-capacity industrial type boiler, with entering coal spiral shape The coal stream connector (73) for the angle for meeting the property from coal to silo that outlet is formed is alternative in lid and can use, and ought use spiral shell Tether when being connected between spiral outlet and silo entrance, coal stream connector can be pulled down when necessary.In this way, coal behaviour is being entered The capacity fluctuation caused by opening and closing opening is avoided during work.For it is continual enter coal component also in domestic type There is provided in boiler, the boiler is suitable for entering coal by implementing coal stream connector using helical structure.

The coal silo track (74) that enters on coal preheating chamber (16) enters coal silo in the double-walled with air circulation (12) base portion office can use, and enter coal silo and moved left and right by means of the coal silo spool (75) that enters on the track, Hence in so that the anterior smoke box lid of the boiler with double wall design can be opened and closed.When the boiler designed with water pipe lacks When flame smoke pipeline and anterior smoke box, enter coal silo closely bolt and be secured in place.

Mobile grate system (21) (in Fig. 1 visible) for the complete classification of domestic type low capacity and intermediate size boiler Below the solid fuel ignition room (19) for being present in the novel boiler of this patent, the solid fuel ignition room can be by according to institute The coal type used is adjusted from the order of automation panel reception.On the other hand, for central heating and industrial intermediate size And heavy duty boiler, exist as Fig. 2 and stepwise illustrated in fig. 3 move-fixed special fire grate system (22).With inverter Fire grate motion retarder (20) be driven into completely by means of camshaft (76) and pitman arm (77) with adjustable stroke The mobile grate system (21) or stepwise of classification move-fixed the reciprocating motion of the mobile grate of special fire grate system (22), institute The automation panel that the rate travel and duration for stating fire grate motion retarder are controlled by PLC is according to the clinker ratio in coal Adjusted with the relatively low heat value of coal.

As illustrated in the figure, the mobile grate system being classified completely includes the mobile grate framework (78), resistance to being classified completely High temperature and at this stage be arranged on fire grate framework on complete mobile grate (79), and the side-walls installed in boiler spool (80).On the other hand, stepwise moves-fixed the mobile stove that special fire grate system includes being placed on stepwise mobile grate framework (81) Arrange the stepwise mobile grate (83) on bracket axle (82), and the fixed grate axle being placed on stepwise fixed grate framework (84) (85) the stepwise fixed grate (86) on.Mobile grate is in special mobile fire grate frame bracket ball bearing (87) Moved on fire grate frame bracket ball (88), the ball bearing is arranged on below framework (81) and in the side-walls of boiler.

As seen from Fig., fixed clinker cooling fire grate (89) is in the ash being mounted in steel construction boiler frame (27) After the final step of fixed grate above disk-double-walled of clinker pallet medial compartment (29) or the top section of water pipe, positioned at clinker The top sides of pallet (30), the fixed clinker cooling furnace come clinker helical structure that warm sludge block dropped at clinker pallet it The preceding cooling for realizing warm sludge block.Two thermocouples (90) are arranged at the central sections of fixed clinker cooling fire grate, and the heat Galvanic couple measures clinker temperature.By the panel of automated system by means of measuring thermocouple the subtracting come mobile grate of clinker temperature Fast device is controlled to ensure clinker temperature to be changed in the scope of the particular value set according to coal type.The stabilization of clinker temperature Property (stability makes maximizing combustion efficiency) ensured by means of thermocouple, the thermocouple according to based on from automation The lower and upper limit of the clinker temperature of the coal type setting of the panel of system move or stop fire grate.In this way, no matter being How is the capacity of operation at system, is removed by scorching hot unburned coal together with clinker to clinker pallet and in combustion chamber most Combustible loss caused by clinker and the sub-cooled of clinker formation is minimized at step afterwards.

Combustion bed thickness adjustment system with three selections being set forth below is present in consolidating for the novel boiler of the present invention At the top section of the beginning of fluid fuel combustion chamber (19), the combustion bed thickness adjusts granularity of the system according to coal to be combusted To realize the adjustment of the thickness to the burning bed above fire grate；The combustion bed thickness adjusts system according to boiler capacity and operation Condition is made up of the following：Outside the air cooled burning bed adjustment pipe (93) of different-diameter grade, the adjustment Guan Kecong Side is pulled down, illustrated in the domestic type low capacity or intermediate size double-wall boiler in such as Fig. 1, wherein auxiliary air and fuel gas From top, section is passed through, and the resistant to elevated temperatures refractor sheath (91) in side with cooling air air blowing fan (92) is surrounded；Or water It is illustrated in central heating and industrial medium and Large Copacity double-wall boiler in the burning bed adjustment pipe (94) of cooling, such as Fig. 2； Or the burning bed adjustment plate (95) of the particular design with blade tube of water cooling, such as the central heating in Fig. 3 and industrial great Rong It is illustrated in water column boiler；Combustion bed thickness adjustment system can also be pulled down from outside and is able to carry out in rotary moving and again It is secondary to be equipped with refractor sheath, and be made up of two or three pipes or thin plate of water cooling.

Refractor sheath on burning bed adjustment pipe or plate not only has actively impact to coal distillation, and passes through protection pipe Road or plate due to the caused high temperature of radiation from improving the intensity of pipeline or disk.It is connected to air cooled burning bed adjustment pipe Side air blowing fan compulsory circulation ensure cooling, while it is furthermore possible that by semi-closed end in the opposite direction come Ensure the natural air circulation in low capacity boiler.On the other hand, in the burning bed adjustment pipe and plate of water cooling, when via one When individual entrance and exit flange is connected to the double-walled or water pipe side wall of combustion chamber from outside, the natural circulation of hot water is ensured.

The bed height for the coal flowing on fire grate can be by the granularity depending on coal to be used come using smaller or larger Diameter pipes are adjusted.It is furthermore possible that pulled down from outside or attachment strip blade particular design burning bed adjustment plate, it is described Adjustment plate is made up of two or three pipes and thin plate, and realizes the adjustment to the height of burning bed by rotary motion.With this Mode, when burn small grain size coal (coal for example, with 0.5/10 granularity) when, burning bed to enter below the fire grate one The resistance of secondary air is reduced by means of relatively low combustion bed thickness, therefore the efficient combustion of the coal with very small particle size passes through Air combustion mixtures are fed to the upper strata of burning bed upwards to ensure.

Rate travel of the mobile grate in reciprocating motion and mobile duration are according to the fire grate system below combustion chamber The coal type and granularity used in system can be set from automation panel, and can be by means of with the thermoelectricity by measuring clinker temperature The fire grate reducer of the inverter of even control is adjusted, and the thermocouple is realized from high clinker speed and low in an efficient manner Burning of the coal of calorific value to all coal types with low clinker speed and the coal of high heating value.

It is to automate what is set in the framework of the selected program of pressure or temperature levels at panel according to needed for enterprise Drawing fan and pressure air blowing fan supply with inverter move institute according to the fire grate set according to the granularity of coal type and coal The combustion air needed.When pressure or temperature levels reach desirable value, the revolution of drawing fan and correspondingly pressure air blowing fan Revolution and fire grate movement rate be gradually reduced according to the program at automation panel, therefore automatically reduce Combustion Energy Power.When pressure or temperature are down to specified level, the flow velocity of flue drawing fan and pressure air blowing fan automatically increases；Then Fire grate movement rate increases according to increased flow velocity, therefore increase burning capacity.In this way, it is ensured that system is in full-automation Program of the lower basis at the automation panel that PLC is controlled is operated in the pressure or temperature range needed for enterprise.

On the other hand, in the enough boilers of natural flue draught, by by means of fire grate motion retarder according to needed for Temperature or stress level set only fire grate movement rate and duration and master air suction valve stage from automation panel, so that Burning capacity is set, therefore operation in required temperature or pressure limit is ensured.

In the solid fuel igniting section of the novel boiler of this patent, the fine ash fallen under fire grate is by means of in ash-pan (28) Ash content removes screw conveyer (32) to discharge under the fire grate of lower section, and is fallen by cooling down the top slide of fire grate from clinker Clinker to clinker pallet (30) is discharged by means of the clinker removal screw conveyer (33) at the bottom section of clinker pallet, and And the volatile ash built up below in volatile ash collector (31) removes screw conveyer by means of volatile ash (34) the wet ash and clinker being discharged into clinker pond, and pond (35) from the panel of the PLC automated systems controlled by receiving Order by means of wet slag block discharge helical structure (36) automatically from system remove.

It is immersed in ash emissions pipe (96) under the fire grate in clinker pond and is located at ash content removal screw conveyer under fire grate (32) exit；The clinker delivery pipe (97) being immersed in ash content-clinker pond is located at clinker and removes screw conveyer (33) Exit；And it is immersed in the volatile ash delivery pipe (98) in clinker pond and removes spiral conveying positioned at volatile ash The exit of machine (34).In the presence of the floating block (99) that water is added to clinker pond, the floating block is in water level decrease in clinker pond (35) It is activated when on (ash content, clinker and volatile ash being discharged into the clinker pond), therefore prevents the decline of the water level in pond. Wet ash content and clinker are discharged into waste residue block silo (100) by wet slag block discharge helical structure (36) from clinker pond.In this way, when Clinker by screw conveyer from boiler remove when, not only prevent to burning do not have contributive cold air to enter boiler, and And prevent due to soot emissions caused by wet ash content and clinker, therefore pollution is avoided, the screw conveyer passes through automatic Change system is controlled, and the screw conveyer with by automate cycle that panel sets according to coal type and interval completely from Enable dynamicly.

Into steel construction boiler frame (27), (there is this patent the main frame of boiler that double-walled and water pipe design to slide Mode is installed to the steel construction boiler frame) in ash-pan and clinker pallet ash-pan mouthful (101) and clinker pallet mouth (102) It is available, and such opening made at medium and heavy duty boiler in the case where being needed intervention due to maintenance and repair With.On the other hand, in the domestic type low capacity boiler of ash content and clinker need not be handled with conveyer, ash-pan mouthful and clinker support Pan Kou is used to manually remove ash content and clinker.

The novel boiler of this patent is equipped with full-automatic dry method desulfuration system, and the dry method desulfuration system has can basis The coal type used depending on the sulfur content in the coal of boiler capacity and enterprise is come the two full-automatic selections adjusted, first choice For being fed to the main silo of coal (11), and second selects to be used to enter lime silo at the top section positioned at coal preheating chamber (16) (15) feed, it is illustrated in such as Fig. 1,2 and 3.The granularity and sulfur content of coal according to used in boiler capacity and enterprise, can be with The two selections are used together desulphurization system, but the only one in the two selections can also be used.

From two can reconnaissance perform into lime by following operation come the raising of the efficiency of realizing sweetening process, especially exist At coal with very high sulfur content：Ensure powdered lime before combustion with the good contact of coal and during preheating with The good contact of coal and gas, to minimize sulfur dioxide (SO2) emissions.

In the dry method desulfuration system of first choice, the boiler with the coal particle size for being suitable for feeding with screw conveyer Including entering lime helical structure (14), it is described enter lime helical structure automatically by proper amount of lime from the main silo of lime (103) it is fed into the main silo of coal (11), and ensures with the powdered lime of the sufficient amount feeding of the sulfur content for coal with entering Coal helical structure (13) is well mixed during being conveyed with coal.

On the other hand, second selection dry method desulfuration system include into lime helical structure (14), enter lime silo (15), With the flow velocity for the sulfur content for being suitable for coal adjust into the flowing of the powdered lime in lime silo it is special enter lime valve (104), It is switched on/off the actuator (105) into lime valve, the vibrator (106) of lime stream is realized by vibrating into lime valve, and Powdered lime enable with the defluent lime flow tube (107) of regular mode, and when by entering lime silo (15) On horizon sensor (108) and the automation panel (1) that is controlled by PLC when controlling, enter lime helical structure (14) automatic Ground is enabled and disabled, and lime level in the silo when declining according to coal is entered with the powdered lime received from main silo to Silo feeding,.Adjusted according to the sulfur content of coal lime flow rate it is special enter lime valve (104) it is available controlled by PLC oneself The actuator (105) of the panel control of dynamicization system is automatically adjusted, and it is furthermore possible that when necessary according to being used Coal type or the valve is manually adjusted by disabling automated system.

The dry method desulfuration system adjusted according to the sulfur content of coal is automatically enabled according to automatic feeding coal amount and fire grate motion And deactivation, and realize the chemical reaction of powdered lime, the powdered lime before combustion with sulfur dioxide (combustion product) one Rise and be fed into the main silo of coal or enter lime silo, and by Sulphur Dioxide into calcium sulfate.In this way, except passing through full-automation Smokeless combustion makes cigarette and carbon monoxide emission minimum outside the pale of civilization, and novel boiler also makes by having by this full-automatic dry method desulfuration system There are sulfur dioxide (SO2) emissions caused by the coal of high sulfur content to minimize.

As seen from Fig., the novel less boiler of this patent combines two lighting-up tuyeres (109) with watch window, institute State lighting-up tuyere from both sides enter combustion chamber in and for initial ignition, and be equipped with resistant to elevated temperatures watch window.Similarly, Two clinker pallets mouthful (110) with watch window are present in the top sides of clinker tray portion, and the clinker pallet mouthful is used In clinker of the observation at the final step of fire grate and clinker helical structure；The clinker pallet mouthful is realized in boiler when necessary Maintenance and repair activity, be equally equipped with resistant to elevated temperatures watch window.

The front lower portion of boiler accommodates panel (111), the camshaft equipped with the camshaft and camshaft of mobile grate The bearing that panel accommodates camshaft is accommodated, and the camshaft accommodates panel and can pulled down from front side from boiler；And the face Plate is equipped with lubrication mouth (112), the lubrication of the existing bearing cam axle of lubrication cause for gossip and pitman arm.

In the boiler with double wall design, flame and hot gas from passage of flame pipe (26) are by burner hearth (42) Advance afterwards towards second channel flame smoke pipeline (43), and then change stroke in the preceding flue gas tank (113), and from rear Flue gas tank (114) is discharged by third channel pipeline (44), and from boiler flue outlet (115).To the flame cigarette of boiler The cleaning of pipeline is performed by opening preceding flue gas case lid, and the ash content and coal smoke that are gathered in rear side are by opening rear pass gas Clean-up port or breech lock on case are removed.On the other hand, flame export pipe is left together with flame and later in the burner hearth of boiler Blast orifice (41) on side of the flying dust built up below by opening boiler at the beginning of each season is removed using rake.

On the other hand, in the boiler designed with water pipe, flame and hot gas from passage of flame pipe (26) are first Pass through from burner hearth (42) and then pass through water pipe the first Vertical Channel pipe (45), and change after this stroke and respectively through Water pipe the second Vertical Channel pipe (46), the Vertical Channel pipe (47) of water pipe the 3rd, the Vertical Channel pipe (48) of water pipe the 4th and water pipe 5th Vertical Channel pipe (49), and reach boiler flue outlet (115).Volatile ash in combustion product hot gas When changing stroke, the volatile ash gathered in the volatile ash collector at bottom removes spiral shell by means of volatile ash Rotating conveyer (34) is discharged into clinker pond, the screw conveyer by automate panel according to coal type select it is specific Time and interval are automatically enabled.The volatility ash of the watch window opened with the section for changing stroke towards wherein hot gas Collector mouthful (114) is divided to be present in the top sides of volatile ash collector.Such opening can also need the water pipe to boiler Used in the case of the maintenance and repair of Vertical Channel pipe.

The automatic feeding coal and clinker of expectable use helical structure remove system the domestic type with very low capacity from It is probably uneconomic in right flue draught boiler, and can is excellent for being filled into the manual processes that coal silo and clinker are removed Choosing.When the low capacity boiler of this type is daily filled into coal silo twice or in normal operating condition in the morning and at night Under coal silo was filled into 24 hours once on the basis of when designing, the only automation of fire grate kinematic system and master air valve will To be enough.In the arcola of this type, master air valve can be adjusted manually or with mechanical thermostat to required temperature.In ash Point and clinker by declining via fire grate motion retarder mobile grate after, horizontal plane decline the coal silo that enters mended with new coal Fill, and the ash content in ash-pan is manually removed by opening ash-pan mouthful, at the same the clinker fallen in clinker pallet also by Clinker pallet mouthful is opened manually to remove.

The burning of full-automatic smokeless burning boiler is carried out by process as clarified below, to prevent cigarette and pollutant Discharge：

In the novel full automatic boiler that can be adjusted according to coal type, the automation that new coal is controlled by means of PLC The coal helical structure that enters controlled with the panel of security system enters coal silo to be automatically fed double-walled.From enter coal silo enter it is pre- In hot cell, coal is first subjected to specific preheating and then because its deadweight is proceeded on fire grate in full-automatic mode from coal distillation room The combustion chamber of side, and equally with motion：Fire grate motion retarder with inverter be suitable for the speed of coal type from The mobile grate of fire grate system is driven dynamicly.After by means of gradually preheating and being distilled, coal can fire completely in a combustion chamber The smokeless combustion together with the fuel gas discharged in a controlled manner and coking fixation carbon part under the conditions of burning.The useless ash of burning is fallen into In ash-pan below to fire grate, and the clinker above fire grate is retained in by being moved after the final step of fixed grate by stepwise The motion of dynamic fire grate is from fixed clinker cooling fire grate slip drops into clinker pallet, and the stepwise mobile grate is automatically held Row is moved back and forth.The fine ash gathered in ash-pan removes screw conveyer by means of the ash content of automation panel control Automatically it is discharged into clinker pond, and the ash content and clinker in clinker pallet are by means of the slag again by automation panel control Block removes screw conveyer to be automatically discharged into clinker pond.

In this way, when coal is by ensuring to enter the full-automatic mechanism of the stationary flow in combustion chamber to feed, combustion Burn useless ash content and clinker similarly automatically to be removed from combustion chamber by means of this mechanism, thereby, it is ensured that stable and continual combustion Burn.

Full-automatic dry method desulfuration system by by can according to the sulfur content of coal adjust powdered lime flow velocity come to coal Sulfur content carry out desulfurization and minimize sulfur dioxide (SO2) emissions, the sulfur content of the coal depend on according to this automation and not between The coal type of disconnected combustion process.

The domestic type that can be adjusted according to coal type or industrial novel boiler of illustrated this patent in such as Fig. 1,2 and 3 Full-automatic smokeless combustion solid fuel igniting unit in burning of coal and to cigarette produce and pollutant emission prevent lead to Process set forth below is crossed to carry out：

The coal helical structure that enters controlled by means of the panel of the PLC automated systems controlled is fed into coal silo New coal is subjected to specific warm at the coal preheating chamber of boiler first, and then enters in the porch of distillery with heating agent Row is contacted and gradually begun to warm up.Coal in distillery is by receiving particular thermal in a combustion chamber by radiating and conducting release Measure to heat.When coal combustion in combustion chamber, the coal in distillation cascade is moved towards combustion chamber, and the coal in preheating chamber is due to fire grate Motion and its deadweight start simultaneously at slide downward and entered in distillery.According to entering coal helical structure, powdered lime by means of Special desulfurizing system enters lime helical structure to be automatically fed onto into lime silo.According to flowing downward for coal, powder Intake section of the lime also towards combustion chamber after being adjusted according to the sulfur content of coal flows downward.

Coal in distillery its downwards close to combustion chamber when be subjected to gradually distilling, and the volatile materials in coal is obvious Ground is released to fuel gas.(700 DEG C extremely for the ignition temperature of release and the normal fire temperature with higher than coal in a controlled manner 750 DEG C) fuel gas pass through and led to by means of the pressure forced drawing fan and force air blowing fan to provide with inverter Wind and turn to, and enter in the most hot-zone (about 850 DEG C to 900 DEG C) of the system above the burning bed of combustion chamber, And because high temperature is mixed with turbulent flow pattern with the auxiliary air of the good heating of the sufficient amount from secondary air pipe, and burn. When this temperature needed for complete burning maintains certain time period due to the particular design of combustion chamber, all gas are all in burning Burnt under such complete burning condition that room is realized, therefore prevent that the cigarette in grey cigarette and black smoke form from producing at source, and Also for inefficient combustion product pollutant emission and carbon monoxide emission also due to completely burning prevented.When in distillery Coal when most of volatile materials in the coal content is released into fuel gas at the end of still-process, coal conduct Semi-coke or coke enter combustion chamber.

Coal is entered in the combustion chamber of full automatic boiler in the fixation carbon part of solid form, because what is discharged is big Part or all of fuel gas content is used in the primary air burning entered between movement-fixed grate of particular design.By In inefficient combustion and at the upper strata of burning bed (wherein air can not permeate completely) produce carbon monoxide also at high temperature, With the help of the auxiliary air of the good heating of the top section supply of boiler, fuel gas is discharged with the coal in distillery Light, and burnt out under complete burning condition together.In this way, the coke portion being made up of fixed carbon of the coal in combustion chamber Point and the gas part of coal still in distillery be under the complete burning condition that is formed in the combustion chamber above fire grate simultaneously Burn out, and when realizing complete burning of the coal together with the gentle body portion of solid, prevent cigarette in a combustion chamber from producing and one Carbonoxide is produced, therefore realizes smokeless combustion process.

In the novel boiler of full-automation that can be adjusted according to coal type, the pollutant produced due to the burning of the sulphur in coal Sulfur dioxide (SO2) emissions are passed through with being transported to burning with the full-automatic special dry method desulfuration system that can be adjusted according to the sulfur content of coal The powdered lime (calcium hydroxide) of room is reacted and changes into calcium sulfate (gypsum), therefore also prevents dioxy in a combustion chamber Change sulphur to produce.

In the combustion chamber of boiler, when the useless grey part that can fall from fire grate opening with clinker of burning product in ash-pan When poly-, the fixation clinker being partially toward at the back of the combustion chamber cooling fire grate being retained on fire grate is slided.In combustion chamber End these ash contents burnt completely and clinker the mobile stove of particular design is automatically driven in fire grate motion retarder Row is screened when moving back and forth, and is retained in the clinker on fire grate after the final step of fixed grate in fixed slag Promoted on block cooling fire grate.Needed for the thermocouple of clinker temperature on by means of the fixed clinker cooling fire grate of measurement is cooled to After level, clinker is slided with the motion of the fire grate controlled by thermocouple, and drops into the removal of the clinker in clinker pallet In screw conveyer.In this way, when the useless ash of burning and clinker are because full-automatic mechanism according to coal type by means of adjusting The motion of fire grate and due to its deadweight when being removed from combustion chamber, in the coking coal of ashes form towards before the end of combustion chamber Enter.When the coal for being subjected to gradually distilling in distillery is entered in combustion chamber, the coal in preheating chamber passes through this full-automatic machine Structure proceeds to distillery.The double-walled that coal level declines at the end of this process enters coal silo via the automation controlled by PLC What panel was controlled enters coal helical structure automatically to enter new coal, and the coal newly entered also is subjected to identical process.In this way, it is complete Complete and smokeless combustion process is uninterruptedly repeated in a periodic fashion, without falling or going when entering coal and in ash content and clinker Except when any interruption.

As can be seen, in the novel smokeless water-heating/steam boiler of the full-automation that can be adjusted according to coal type of the invention In solid fuel igniting section, it is subjected to by means of entering the coal of coal helical structure auto-feed by preheating gradually and controlled steaming Evaporate, and burn out the gentle body portion of solid of the coal with high efficiency under complete burning condition in a combustion chamber, therefore prevent Cigarette is produced and carbon monoxide emission；In addition, complete also with what can be adjusted according to the sulfur content of the coal of the flowing according to coal to combustion chamber Automating special dry method desulfuration system prevents sulfur dioxide (SO2) emissions.

The burning-up of liquid/gas fuel in full-automatic smokeless burning boiler and heat transfer are entered as hereinbefore set forth OK：

Can be by means of closing master air suction valve, low capacity idling air valve come at the liquid/gas fuel ignition section of boiler Combustion of liquid fuel or natural gas, without illustrated domestic type or industrial novel double fuel boiler in Fig. 1,2 and 3 Solid fuel igniting unit at any modification.Before boiler is operated with liquid fuel or gaseous fuel, it should be noted that keep Air inlet is closed, for example, keep the lighting-up tuyere and ash content and clinker mouthful closure of solid fuel igniting unit.

Boiler can use liquid or gas at once by being operationally connected to the liquid or gaseous fuel burners of burner inlet Fluid fuel is operated.Naturally, however, it is impossible to while operating boiler with liquid fuel and gaseous fuel.If liquid fuel fires Burner and facility are connected to boiler, then liquid fuel for boiler is operated；If neat gas burner and facility are connected to boiler, Boiler gas operations.It is capable of double combustion burners of both combustion of liquid fuel and gaseous fuel and the feelings of facility using Under condition, it is likely that in any required time liquid fuel or gaseous fuel operation boiler.

The sky supplied by liquid fuel or neat gas burner from refractor or double-walled liquid/gas fuel flame entrance Gas fuel mixture and flame are entered in liquid/gas fuel combustion chamber, the combustion chamber according to burner spreading of spray and Capacity is designed.

In fig 1 and 2 in illustrated double-wall boiler, the air fuel mixture for starting burning hits the special combustion of cylinder Burn the rear wall of room and returned with annular adverse current, and can not only find the grace time for burning completely, and can by with What two in the reverse direction flowed collides the turbulent flow of generation to realize the complete burning of fuel.By skimming over the cylinder with water jacket The peripheral surface of shape dedicated combustion chamber is advanced up with the flame and hot gas countercurrently returned from burner hearth, and the burner hearth fires with solid Expect that igniting unit is the same.The combustion product hot gas advanced up from burner hearth passes through second channel and then passes through third channel, And leave boiler via boiler flue again.In this way, if it is considered that being characterized as in boiler in cylindrical dedicated combustion chamber Adverse current smelting furnace two passages, then there is total of four passage together with second and third channel.The efficiency of heating surface can also be according to Impinge upon the high burning efficiency at novel boiler and realize very high level, the implementation method is not only by using in combustion chamber The heat transfer for the radiation direction that two turbulence channels are carried out, and by the convection current at second and third channel flame smoke pipeline with Conduct the heat transfer of direction.When being combustion of liquid fuel in existing back pressure (adverse current) radiation boiler it is different there is cylinder At this construction of shape dedicated combustion chamber and four passages, the cleaning to flame smoke pipeline, the construction are realized additionally by front smoke box Efficiency be further improved compared to existing back pressure boiler in the operating condition.

It is well-known, it is impossible to open prosopyle that burner is connected to and clear up pipeline in the operating condition, especially Because fixed natural gas facility causes in the existing counter pressure radiation type boiler for be connected with natural gas facility.When the heat at pipeline Transfer rate coal smoke and coal dust (coal smoke and coal dust can due to set by impaired burner or no matter any other reason Caused inefficient combustion and produce) gathered in the pipeline at the boiler of this type in the case of when reducing, boiler can it is low plus The thermal efficiency operates the long period.

On the other hand, in the industrial boiler with water pipe design illustrated in fig. 3, with air/fuel mixture The flame lighted advances first towards the bottom section of combustion chamber, then skims over the pipeline of steam superheater and is advanced upwardly to first and erects Straight-through deferent, burner is suitably to tilt down angle by the air/fuel mixture from liquid/gas with refractor Fluid fuel flame inlet provides the combustion chamber to particular design.It is that the top sides of the first Vertical Channel pipe change stroke and from the After two Vertical Channel pipes advance downwards, the flame is then after being turned at bottom side again towards third channel pipe to going forward Enter, and then leave boiler respectively through the 4th and the 5th Vertical Channel Guan Bingcong flue gas outlet pipes.In this way, complete Boiler left with higher heat transfer efficiency together with the burning gases of six passages of the horizontal channel in combustion chamber, is not being had especially There is any pollution and leave boiler in the case of blocking (such as flame smoke pipeline), and be delivered to economizer.Close to high steam Saturated-steam temperature at a temperature of enter economizer, flue gas realizes further heating to the boiler feedwater in economizer, Therefore total heat transference efficiency is further improved.

It is also to have to be burnt out with this design together with the horizontal channel total of six passage in combustion chamber for solid fuel Effect, and ought be especially at the Vertical Channel pipe with volatile ash pipeline pollution and blocking and be not a problem When, also realize the heat transfer effect higher than existing industrial boiler at novel boiler in the operating condition with solid fuel herein Rate.

If be intended in this patent currently with liquid fuel or the full-automatic smokeless combustion double fuel of gas operations Solid fuel is burnt out in boiler, it is likely that by enabling solid fuel independently of the liquid-gas fuel combustion chamber of boiler Igniting section and be again converted into solid fuel ignition process, without mechanical modification.It is being converted into solid fuel ignition process Before, disable liquid fuel/neat gas burner and by combustor air inlet baffle plate lead to closing position just it is enough.Coal by means of Full-automation is entered after coal helical structure is fully fed, and boiler from top from lighting-up tuyere can light combustion by using suitable igniter The coal in room is burnt to immediately begin to be operated with solid fuel.

In a word, " the solid and the full-automatic smokeless combustion heat of liquid/gas fuel that can be adjusted according to coal type of the invention Water/steam boiler (Solid and Liquid/Gas Fueled, Fully Automated Smokeless Combustion Hot water/steam boiler adjustable according to the coal type) " present with both following Light the flexibility of different fuel：The combustion chamber of particular design, the combustion chamber is with efficient combustion liquid/gas fuel；With And full-automatic smokeless combustion solid fuel igniting section, the igniting section can adjust according to coal type, without for from solid Fuel is worked as described to liquid/gas fuel or from liquid/gas fuel to any modification of the conversion of solid fuel Enter coal, full-automatic combustion air hardware and special fire grate system (such as pin with the full-automation of boiler in the combustion chamber of boiler Sulfur content in the granularity of coal, and volatile materials, clinker and coal is adjusted) the efficient and smokeless coal that burns with producing When, the boiler prevents carbon monoxide emission with complete burning, and the boiler is special with the full-automation of the boiler in addition Sulfur dioxide (SO2) emissions are prevented with dry method desulfuration system.Full-automatic smokeless burning boiler passes through because its high burning efficiency is in Qi Yuan Prevent grey cigarette, particle and carbon monoxide from producing and providing improvement for air pollution at head, and due to high efficiency and full-automation And ensure greatly simplifying and comfortableness for the operation changed according to fuel.

Claims

1. hot water/steam boiler of a kind of solid and liquid/gas fuel, it is characterised in that the boiler is can be according to coal type The full-automatic smokeless burning boiler of adjustment, be designed to be intended to be used for household or industrial purpose or for heating, steam or energy Hot water, superheated water or the steam boiler produced is measured, and including three principal pieces, three principal pieces are：Solid fuel igniting section, Solid fuel igniting 16 funtion parts of Duan Yousan are constituted, the funtion part for temperature sensitive or pressure-sensitive PLC controls from Dynamicization and security system (1), controlled by automating panel according to the boiler attendance capacity and coal type there is inverter Pressure drawing fan (2), and by automating panel by means of measuring the vacuum meter of the solid fuel ignition chamber pressure (3) come the pressure air blowing fan (4) with inverter controlled, by automating the master air suction valve (7) of panel control and being located at Low capacity idling on the flue by-pass baffles (5) for the boiler front panel (6) for belonging to the solid fuel air hardware is entered Air valve (8), enters coal silo air flow conduit (9), enters coal silo ventilating air valve-butterfly valve (10), realizes from the main silo of coal (11) belt or screw conveyer (13) that automate into coal of coal silo (12) are entered to the double-walled with air circulation, in institute State into lime helical structure (14) is entered by what lime was fed into dry method desulfuration system while coal, enter lime silo (15), coal is pre- Hot cell (16), the cup (17) with triangle water jacket or water pipe, coal distillation room (18), solid fuel ignition room (19) have The fire grate motion retarder (20) for the programme controlled inverter selected by the coal type of the basis from automation panel, together The mobile grate system (21) or stepwise that sample depends on the complete classification of boiler capacity move-fixed special fire grate system (22), Clinker flow tube (23), the medial compartment (24) with water jacket or water pipe, the combustion chamber rear wall (25) with water jacket or water pipe, flame leads to Deferent (26), the ash-pan (28) on the inside of steel construction boiler frame (27), ash-pan-clinker pallet medial compartment (29), clinker support Ash content removes screw conveyer (32) under disk (30), volatile ash collector (31), fire grate, and clinker removes spiral conveying Machine (33), volatile ash removes screw conveyer (34) and clinker pond (35) and wet slag block discharge helical structure (36)； Liquid/gas fuel ignition section, the liquid/gas fuel ignition section is included by means of liquid/gas fuel burner entrance (37) the liquid/gas fuel burner (38) of the boiler, water jacket or refractor liquid/gas fuel flame entrance are connected to (39), independently of solid fuel ignition room particular design liquid/gas fuel combustion chamber (40)；And heat transfer area, The heat transfer area is made up of the following：Common burner hearth (42), wherein being left with the heat transfer carried out by radiation described The flame of combustion chamber ensures to carry out heat transfer again with radiation, and wherein liquid/gas fuel blast orifice (41) is located at lateral bottom side Place, and the volatile ash collector of the volatile ash produced during coal combustion is wherein collected at the bottom side； And the common second channel flame smoke pipeline (43) designed in double wall design and in water pipe and third channel pipeline (44), heat transfer Region is by the first Vertical Channel pipe (45), the second Vertical Channel pipe (46), the 3rd Vertical Channel pipe that are formed by vertical water pipe (47), the 4th Vertical Channel pipe (48) and the 5th Vertical Channel pipe (49) are constituted, will pass through the convection current of combustion product gas Ensure heat transfer with conduction, coal is entered in the full-automation in solid fuel igniting chamber and clinker is gone wherein the boiler also has Except system, realize full-automatic combustion air hardware according to the method for adjustment of the volatile matter ratio in the coal, realize basis The burning bed adjustment system of the granularity of the coal and the method for adjustment of clinker speed, and full-automatic special fire grate system, institute State the full-automatic dry method desulfuration system that boiler also includes realizing the method for adjustment of the sulfur content according to the coal.

2. hot water/steam boiler according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in the boiler with double wall design, When lighting solid fuel, while there are three backhauls, the i.e. passage of the solid fuel in the combustion chamber (19) altogether, with And with leading at the second channel pipeline (43) and third channel pipeline (44) place as liquid/gas fuel ignition section Road；On the other hand, when lighting liquid/gas fuel, if it is considered that being characterized as in the combustion chamber (40) of adverse current smelting furnace Two passages in the cylindrical liquid/gaseous fuel, then together with the second channel pipeline and the third channel pipe There are four passages altogether in the passage in road；On the other hand, in the boiler designed with water pipe, there is altogether six Individual passage is for both liquid/gas fuel ignition and solid fuel igniting：Except in the liquid/gas fuel combustion chamber (40) or outside the horizontal channel in the solid fuel in the combustion chamber (19), also from formed by waterpipe One Vertical Channel pipe (45), the second Vertical Channel pipe (46), the 3rd Vertical Channel pipe (47), the 4th Vertical Channel pipe (48) and The passage of 5th Vertical Channel pipe (49).

3. hot water/steam boiler according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that the liquid/gas of the boiler Fuel ignition section includes liquid/gas fuel burner (38), and the burner is by means of liquid/gas fuel burner entrance (37) it is connected to the boiler；Water jacket or reflector liquid/gas fuel flame entrance (39)；And in water pipe particular design Two blast orifices (41) at the lateral bottom side of the conventional burner hearth (42) of liquid/gas fuel combustion chamber (40), the liquid Body/gas fuel combustion room is located at the cylindrical structural, and the cylindrical structural is characterized as adverse current smelting furnace, and the adverse current melts Stove is located at the top section of the solid fuel ignition room at the double wall design, and is similarly positioned at water pipe design the solid At the top section of fuel combustion chamber；And solid fuel igniting unit.

4. hot water/steam boiler according to claim 1,2 and 3, it is characterised in that for from solid fuel to liquid/ Gaseous fuel or the conversion from liquid/gas fuel to solid fuel do not need the boiler of any modification be equipped with it is temperature sensitive or The automation of pressure-sensitive PLC controls and security system (1), the system is for solid fuel igniting section and liquid/gas fuel point Both fiery sections, and when lighting solid fuel, enter coal, the control carried out with combustion air flow velocity and fire grate motion to burn rate System, the operation of the dry method desulfuration system and the removal of clinker are by this system according to used coal type and according to enterprise Demand and it is full-automatic in the program carried out from the panel on system board and the framework set perform, in addition, when lighting admittedly When both fluid fuel and liquid-gas fired, the security system is enabled, so that the water in the boiler is used due to temperature The boiler is protected when to the greatest extent and under the analogue for being likely to result in harm.

5. hot water/steam boiler according to claim 1,2 and 4, it is characterised in that combustion air can be supplied with three selections Should, three selections are the solid fuel igniting sections that combustion air is fed to the boiler with following three：Have The pressure air blowing fan (4) of inverter, when passing through the automation panel by means of measuring the institute of the chamber pressure When stating vacuum meter (3) and being controlled, the pressure air blowing fan provides required pressure in a combustion chamber；And with inverter The pressure drawing fan (2), the pressure drawing fan is by the automated system (1) by means of only being inhaled with the flue Pressure air-breathing that gas fan is carried out with the master air suction valve (7) is controlled, and the master air suction valve is caused by means of the master air suction valve Dynamic device (62) forces air blowing fan to be automatically turned on by disabling when necessary；Or only supplied by gravity-flow ventilation, it is described Gravity-flow ventilation is realized by disabling the flue aspirator and opening the flue by-pass baffles (5), with by described automatic The by-pass baffles actuator (55) for changing panel control is automatically turned on come the baffle plate opened and closed.

6. hot water/steam boiler according to claim 1,2 and 4, it is characterised in that in the water bath with double wall design In stove, flue gas condenser (50) is located at the energy that the back segment of the boiler sentences the steam just utilized in the flue gas Amount, on the other hand, is characterised by, in the natural flue draught domestic type miniature boiler not run with low temperature boiler blow-down water, institute Stating condenser can also be described cold by opening after the aspirator is disabled by opening the flue by-pass baffles (5) Condenser bypass valve (51) between condenser and the boiler is disabled.

7. hot water/steam boiler according to claim 1,2 and 4, it is characterised in that with water pipe design it is industrial In boiler, the saturated vapor for leaving the steam drum (52) above the boiler can be by means of the mistake in the burner hearth (42) Hot device (53) changes into superheated steam, and is characterised by, flue gas economizer (54) is located in boiler export, for logical Cross and leave the flue gas of the boiler at high temperature due to high-temperature steam to preheat the purpose of the boiler feedwater.

8. hot water/steam boiler according to claim 1,2 and 4, it is characterised in that can be pulled down from front portion from boiler Belong to the boiler front panel (6) of the air hardware positioned at the front side of the solid fuel igniting section of the boiler, and And gravity-flow ventilation or the only common master air suction valve of air-breathing (7) and gravity-flow ventilation low capacity idle speed air admission valve (8) are on this panel, and And it is characterised by existing into coal silo air flow conduit (9), the pipeline is via being connected to described in the boiler front panel Force air blowing fan (4) outlet to be connected to the double-walled and enter the bottom side of coal silo (12), and enter coal silo ventilating air valve-butterfly Shape valve (10) is located on the pipeline.

9. hot water/steam boiler according to claim 1,2 and 8, it is characterised in that force air inlet distributor (56) to be crossed over The pressure air blowing fan outlet positioning of the boiler front panel (6) is connected to, and is directed the one of the primary air Secondary air hose (57) is formed at the bottom side of the conduit between the air distributor and panel, and is directed the secondary sky The secondary air pipe (58) of gas and the coal type volatile matter baffle plate controlled by automating panel (59) are distributed positioned at the air The top side of the conduit between device and the panel, the automation panel makes it possible to the coal content according to the system In volatile matter ratio adjust the system.

10. hot water/steam boiler according to claim 1,2 and 8, it is characterised in that be fed into the double-walled and enter coal cylinder Storehouse (12) is simultaneously entered with the bottom side of silo ventilating air from the silo of the ventilating air valve-butterfly valve (10) adjustment Enter, and drawn downwards towards the coal in the silo by means of the ventilating air guiding trestle (61) positioned at the top sides Lead.

11. hot water/steam boiler according to claim 1,5 and 8, it is characterised in that supplied by natural flue draught The combustion air be under normal capacity operate during from the master air suction valve (7) enter；On the other hand, it is low capacity During lower operation, the master air suction valve controlled by the automation panel is completely closed and the combustion air only holds from low Measure idle speed air admission valve (8) supply.

12. hot water/steam boiler according to claim 1,5 and 8, it is characterised in that controlled when being connected to the PLC During actuator (62) of the panel control of the automated system of system, master air suction valve (7) can be automatically turned on and close；This Outside, in the case where the automated system is deactivated or thinking if necessary, primary air valve can also be by means of screwing adjustment Mechanism (63) is manually adjusted and fixed.

13. hot water/steam boiler according to claim 1,5 and 8, it is characterised in that controlled when being connected to the PLC During actuator (64) of the panel control of the automated system of system, the low capacity idle speed air admission valve (8) can hold low It is automatically turned on and closes during amount operation, and is manually adjusted when necessary by means of screwing adjustment mechanism (65).

14. hot water/steam boiler according to claim 1,5 and 8, it is characterised in that controlled when being connected to the PLC During actuator (66) of the panel control of the automated system of system, the coal type volatile matter baffle plate (59) can also be stage by stage Mode is adjusted according to the used coal type；In addition, the baffle plate can also be according to the volatile matter in the used coal Speed thinking if necessary by means of screwing adjustment mechanism (67) and manually adjust and fix with butterfly cap.

15. hot water/steam boiler according to claim 1,5 and 8, it is characterised in that controlled when being connected to the PLC During actuator (68) of the panel control of the automated system of system, the pressure air blowing fan outlet is connected to from top side It is described enter coal silo air flow conduit (9) on it is described enter coal silo ventilating air valve-butterfly valve (10) can side stage by stage Formula is adjusted according to the used coal type；In addition, the butterfly valve can be also being thought if necessary by means of screwing adjustment machine Structure (69) is manually adjusted and fixed.

16. hot water/steam boiler according to claim 1,2 and 5, it is characterised in that the boiler includes the main silo of coal And the double-walled with air circulation enters coal silo (12), (11) and realize from the main silo of coal to it is described enter coal silo enter automatically The belt or screw conveyer (13) of coal by it is described enter coal silo horizon sensor (70) control, and when being connected to PLC control automated system when it is described enter coal silo in coal level reduction when automatically enable and disable so that it is described Enter and enter coal silo lid actuator described in the automated system control that the lid (71) of coal silo is controlled by means of the PLC (72) it is described enter coal conveyer start working before be automatically turned on, and it is described enter coal conveyer stop after automatically closing Close.

17. hot water/steam boiler according to claim 1,2 and 5, it is characterised in that described medium and high-capacity industrial Type boiler includes coal stream connector (73), the coal stream connector have with it is described enter the formation of coal spiral outlet meet from Coal and is characterised by the angle of the property of the silo, when being bolted to the spiral outlet and silo entrance Between when, the coal stream connector can be pulled down when necessary.

18. hot water/steam boiler according to claim 1,2 and 16, it is characterised in that installed in the coal preheating chamber (16) the coal silo track (74) that enters on can use in the base portion office that the double-walled with air circulation enters coal silo (12), And it is described enter coal silo moved left and right by means of the coal silo spool (75) that enters on the track, hence in so that can open and The anterior smoke box lid of the boiler of the closure with double wall design.

19. hot water/steam boiler according to claim 1,4 and 16, it is characterised in that for domestic type low capacity with Mobile grate system (21) Deng the complete classification of capacity boilers is present in the solid fuel ignition room (19) of the boiler Lower section, the solid fuel ignition room can by according to the used coal type from it is described automation panel receive order come Adjustment, and is characterised by, exist stepwise movement for the central heating and industrial intermediate size and heavy duty boiler- Fixed special fire grate system (22).

20. hot water/steam boiler according to claim 1,4 and 19, it is characterised in that the fire grate with inverter Motion retarder (20) is driven into by means of camshaft (76) and pitman arm (77) with adjustable stroke described to be divided completely The mobile grate system (21) or the stepwise of level move-fixed the reciprocal fortune of the mobile grate of special fire grate system (22) Dynamic, automation panel that the rate travel of the fire grate motion retarder and duration are controlled by the PLC is adjusted.

21. hot water/steam boiler according to claim 1,4 and 19, it is characterised in that the mobile stove being classified completely Heat-extraction system includes the mobile grate framework (78) being classified completely, high temperature resistant and is arranged at this stage on the fire grate framework Complete mobile grate (79), and the side-walls installed in the boiler spool (80), on the other hand, be characterised by, Stepwise moves-fixed the mobile grate bracket axle that special fire grate system includes being placed on the stepwise mobile grate framework (81) (82) the stepwise mobile grate (83) on, and be placed on the fixed grate axle (85) on the stepwise fixed grate framework (84) Stepwise fixed grate (86), and be characterised by, mobile grate is installed in special mobile fire grate frame bracket ball bearing (87) moved on the fire grate frame bracket ball (88) in, the ball bearing is arranged on below the framework (81) and described The side-walls of boiler.

22. hot water/steam boiler according to claim 1,4 and 19, it is characterised in that fixed clinker cooling fire grate (89) The ash-pan being mounted in the steel construction boiler frame (27)-clinker pallet medial compartment (29) the double-walled or After the final step of the fixed grate above the top section of water pipe, positioned at the top side of clinker pallet (30) section Place, the fixed clinker cooling furnace comes the warm sludge block and drops into realization before the clinker helical structure at the clinker pallet The cooling of the warm sludge block, is characterised by, two thermocouples (90) are arranged at the central sections of the fixed clinker cooling fire grate, And the thermocouple measurement clinker temperature, and be characterised by, make the stabilization of the clinker temperature of maximizing combustion efficiency Property ensures that the thermocouple is according to based on the panel from the automated system by means of the thermocouple The lower and upper limit of the clinker temperature of coal type setting move or stop fire grate.

23. hot water/steam boiler according to claim 1,2 and 5, it is characterised in that the burning bed with three selections Thickness adjustment system is present at the section of the top of the beginning of the solid fuel ignition room (19) of the boiler, the burning Bed thickness adjustment system is realized according to the granularity of the coal to be combusted to described in the burning bed above the fire grate The adjustment of thickness；The combustion bed thickness adjustment system is made up of according to the boiler capacity and operating condition the following： Side has the air cooled burning bed adjustment pipe (93) of the different-diameter grade of cooling air air blowing fan (92), described to adjust Homogeneous tube can be pulled down in low capacity or intermediate size double-wall boiler from outside, and wherein auxiliary air and fuel gas is from the top section By being surrounded by resistant to elevated temperatures refractor sheath (91)；Or the water cooling at industrial medium and Large Copacity double-wall boiler Burning bed adjustment pipe (94)；Or water cooling in the central heating and industrial Large Copacity water-tube boiler with blade tube The burning bed adjustment plate (95) of particular design；The combustion bed thickness adjustment system can also be pulled down from outside and be able to carry out rotation Movement is simultaneously equipped with refractor sheath again, and is made up of two or three pipes or thin plate of water cooling.

24. hot water/steam boiler according to claim 1,2 and 5, it is characterised in that in the solid fuel of the boiler In section of lighting a fire, fall on the fine ash under the fire grate and remove spiral by means of ash content under the fire grate below the ash-pan (28) Formula conveyer (32) is discharged, and falls on the clinker pallet (30) by cooling down the top slide of fire grate from the clinker The clinker removes screw conveyer (33) by means of the clinker at the bottom section of the clinker pallet and discharged, and The volatile ash that the volatile ash collector (31) builds up below removes spiral by means of the volatile ash Formula conveyer (34) is discharged into clinker pond (35), and the wet ash and clinker in the pond from the PLC by controlling The order that the panel of automated system is received by means of the wet slag block discharge helical structure (36) automatically from The system is removed.

25. hot water/steam boiler according to claim 1,2 and 5, it is characterised in that be immersed in the fire grate in clinker pond Lower ash emissions pipe (96) is located at the exit that ash content under the fire grate removes screw conveyer (32)；It is immersed in ash content-slag Clinker delivery pipe (97) in block pond is located at the exit that the clinker removes screw conveyer (33)；And it is immersed in clinker Volatile ash delivery pipe (98) in pond is located at the exit that the volatile ash removes screw conveyer (34), and In the presence of the floating block (99) that water is added to the clinker pond, the floating block is in water level decrease in ash content, clinker and volatility ash It is activated when dividing on the clinker pond (35) being discharged into, therefore prevents the decline of the water level in the pond, and feature exists In the wet ash content and clinker are discharged into waste residue block silo (100) by wet slag block discharge helical structure (36) from the clinker pond.

26. hot water/steam boiler according to claim 1,2 and 5, it is characterised in that enter the steel construction boiler frame The ash-pan mouthful (101) and clinker pallet mouthful (102) of the ash-pan and clinker pallet in frame (27) are available, the tools of this patent There are double-walled and the main frame of the boiler of water pipe design to be installed to the steel construction boiler frame in sliding manner, and it is such Opening is used at medium and heavy duty boiler in the case where being needed intervention due to maintenance and repair, and is characterised by, At low capacity boiler, ash-pan mouthful and clinker pallet mouthful are used to manually remove the ash content and clinker.

27. hot water/steam boiler according to claim 1,2 and 5, it is characterised in that the boiler is equipped with automatically Change dry method desulfuration system, the dry method desulfuration system has can be according to the sulfur content in the coal depending on the boiler capacity The two full-automatic selections adjusted with the coal type used in the enterprise, the first choice is used for the coal The charging of main silo (11), and described second rotate for entering lime to described at the top section positioned at the coal preheating chamber (16) Silo (15) is fed, and is characterised by, can be used together the desulphurization system with the two selections, but the choosing can also be used Only one in selecting.

28. hot water/steam boiler according to claim 1,2 and 27, it is characterised in that in the dry method of the first choice In desulphurization system, exist into lime helical structure (14), it is described enter lime helical structure automatically by proper amount of lime from stone The main silo (103) of ash is fed into the main silo of the coal (11), and is characterised by, it is ensured that with the sulfur content for the coal The powdered lime of sufficient amount feeding with it is described enter coal helical structure (13) conveyed during well mixed with the coal.

29. hot water/steam boiler according to claim 1,2 and 27, it is characterised in that the described of the second selection does Method desulphurization system is entered lime helical structure (14) including described in, enters lime silo (15), contained with the sulphur for being suitable for the coal Enter described in the flow velocity adjustment of amount the powdered lime in lime silo flowing it is special enter lime valve (104), be switched on/off Enter the actuator (105) of lime valve, the vibrator (106) of lime stream is realized by entering lime valve described in vibration, and cause Powdered lime can be with the defluent lime flow tube (107) of regular mode, and is characterised by, when passing through the automation The horizon sensor (108) that enters on lime silo (15) and when the automation panel (1) controlled by PLC is controlled, it is described enter stone Grey helical structure (14) automatically enables and disabled, and the lime level in the silo is entered coal according to and used when declining The powdered lime received from the main silo to the silo feeding,.

30. hot water/steam boiler according to claim 1,2 and 5, it is characterised in that the boiler, which includes two, to be had The lighting-up tuyere (109) of watch window, the lighting-up tuyere from both sides enter the combustion chamber in and for initial ignition, and fill Equipped with resistant to elevated temperatures watch window, and it is characterised by, two with watch window clinker pallet mouthful (110) is present in described The top sides of clinker tray portion, the clinker pallet mouthful is used to observing in the fire grate and the clinker helical structure The clinker at final step, is equally equipped with resistant to elevated temperatures watch window.

31. hot water/steam boiler according to claim 1,2 and 5, it is characterised in that the front lower portion of the boiler is matched somebody with somebody The camshaft and camshaft for having the mobile fire grate accommodate panel (111), and it is described that the camshaft accommodates panel receiving The bearing of camshaft, and the camshaft accommodate panel can be pulled down from front side from the boiler；And the panel-mounted has Lubricate mouth (112), the lubrication of lubrication cause for gossip existing the bearing cam axle and pitman arm.

32. hot water/steam boiler according to claim 1,2 and 5, it is characterised in that in the boiler designed with water pipe In, when flame and hot gas from the passage of flame pipe pass through from the first Vertical Channel pipe and then change stroke simultaneously During respectively through the second Vertical Channel pipe, the 3rd Vertical Channel pipe, the 4th Vertical Channel pipe and the 5th Vertical Channel pipe, described The volatile ash gathered in volatile ash collector removes screw conveyer by means of the volatile ash (34) the clinker pond is discharged into, the screw conveyer is passing through the selected special time of the automation panel and interval Place is automatically enabled, and is characterised by, the watch window opened with the section for changing stroke towards wherein described hot gas Volatile ash collector mouthful (114) is present in the top sides of the volatile ash collector.