CN111637488B - Hydraulic deslagging type four-corner cut circular boiler coke falling monitoring and automatic stable combustion system - Google Patents
Hydraulic deslagging type four-corner cut circular boiler coke falling monitoring and automatic stable combustion system Download PDFInfo
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F23M—CASINGS, LININGS, WALLS OR DOORS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, e.g. FIREBRIDGES; DEVICES FOR DEFLECTING AIR, FLAMES OR COMBUSTION PRODUCTS IN COMBUSTION CHAMBERS; SAFETY ARRANGEMENTS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION APPARATUS; DETAILS OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
- F23N5/02—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium
- F23N5/025—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium using electrical or electromechanical means
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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Abstract
The invention discloses a hydraulic deslagging type four-corner tangential boiler coke falling monitoring and automatic stable combustion system, which comprises a hearth, wherein the hearth is provided with hearth pressure measuring points, and a layer C burner fire detection probe, a layer C burner oil gun, a layer B burner fire detection probe, a layer B burner oil gun, a layer A burner first fire detection probe, a layer A burner oil gun and a layer A burner second fire detection probe are sequentially arranged in a burner area from top to bottom; the first baffle and the second baffle are respectively connected with the cold ash hoppers on the left side and the right side of the hearth; a slag conveyor is arranged at the bottom of the hearth, and a first dynamic pressure sensor, a first thermocouple and a first electronic liquid level sensor are arranged on the left side of the slag conveyor; no. two dynamic pressure sensors, No. two thermocouples and No. two electronic liquid level sensors are arranged on the right side of the slag conveyor. The invention can effectively avoid the problem of non-stop of the unit caused by the coke falling problem of the boiler and improve the safe and stable operation level of the unit.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a hydraulic deslagging type four-corner tangential boiler coke falling monitoring and automatic combustion stabilizing system.
Background
The coke dropping problem of a coal-fired power plant is one of main factors influencing the safe and stable operation of boiler equipment, and the coking reasons of a boiler are more, for example, the coal types for combustion deviate from the designed coal types, and the coal types for combustion belong to easy-coking coal types with the softening temperature lower than the designed value; the design section of the boiler furnace has higher heat load, the design structure of the burner has original defects and the like, boiler coking is easily caused, and the problem is difficult to effectively solve; in addition, the problem of coking is easily caused by unreasonable control of parameters such as primary and secondary air distribution, oxygen amount and the like in the combustion adjustment of the boiler. After the boiler has coking tendency, the soot blowing effect of the boiler is poor, and the long-term low-load operation of a unit cannot carry out hearth soot blowing or the soot blowing is not timely, so that the problem of boiler coke falling is easily caused.
For the water conservancy deslagging formula boiler, because of great burnt piece falls into behind the dragveyer sediment fill from the furnace eminence, thermal shock effect produces a large amount of steam and gets into furnace, and the burnt fast whereabouts process causes the interference to furnace power field simultaneously, and combustion stability descends, generally can appear in the very short time combustor fire detection signal and weaken or the furnace pressure fluctuation, very easily triggers boiler main protection action, causes the boiler abnormal shutdown, and serious threat unit equipment security and economic loss are big. At present, operators judge the coke falling condition inside a boiler only through fire detection signals, hearth pressure and experience, the operation adjustment is not timely, the technical means for monitoring the coke falling of the boiler is incomplete at present, and a technical scheme for combining the coke falling monitoring of the boiler with the stable combustion of the boiler does not exist. Therefore, through combining the sensor technology of different grade type, fall burnt effective monitoring in the stove to carry out interlocking protection through the distributed control system of power plant, carry out the boiler automatically and stabilize the burning operation, in order to guarantee unit safety and stability operation, can improve the intelligent operation level of boiler.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a boiler coke falling monitoring and automatic stable combustion system aiming at the problem of coke falling of a hydraulic deslagging type four-corner tangential boiler, which can monitor the changes of airflow dynamic pressure at the bottom of a hearth, slag water temperature of a slag conveyor and liquid level fluctuation in real time according to different sensor technologies, automatically judge the problem of coke falling of the boiler in real time by acquiring and calculating sensor data and boiler operation data, and automatically carry out stable combustion operation of the boiler by interlocking protection of a power plant distributed control system.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the problems is as follows: a hydraulic deslagging type four-corner tangential boiler coke falling monitoring and automatic combustion stabilizing system is characterized by comprising a hearth, wherein hearth pressure measuring points are arranged in the hearth, and a layer C burner fire detection probe, a layer C burner oil gun, a layer B burner fire detection probe, a layer B burner oil gun, a layer A burner first fire detection probe, a layer A burner oil gun and a layer A burner second fire detection probe are sequentially arranged in a burner area from top to bottom; the first baffle and the second baffle are respectively connected with the cold ash hoppers on the left side and the right side of the hearth and are arranged in parallel with the cold ash hoppers; the bottom of the hearth is provided with a slag conveyor, a first dynamic pressure sensor, a first thermocouple and a first electronic liquid level sensor are arranged on the left side of the slag conveyor, the first dynamic pressure sensor is horizontally arranged, the first thermocouple and the first electronic liquid level sensor are vertically arranged, and the right ends of the first dynamic pressure sensor, the first thermocouple and the first electronic liquid level sensor are not more than the vertical surface where the right end of the first baffle is located; no. two dynamic pressure sensors, No. two thermocouples and No. two electron level sensor arrange in the right side of dragveyer, No. two dynamic pressure sensors level is arranged, No. two thermocouples and No. two electron level sensor vertical arrange, No. two dynamic pressure sensors, No. two thermocouples and No. two electron level sensor's left end is no longer than the left end place perpendicular of No. two baffles.
Furthermore, the first thermocouple and the first electronic liquid level sensor are both connected with the DCS processor, and the first dynamic pressure sensor is connected with the pressure transmitter and then connected with the DCS processor; two pressure leading pipes of the first dynamic pressure sensor are respectively connected with a first compressed air electromagnetic valve and a second compressed air electromagnetic valve, and the first compressed air electromagnetic valve and the second compressed air electromagnetic valve are connected in parallel and then connected with a compressed air manual valve and a compressed air pipeline; the arrangement modes of the second dynamic pressure sensor, the second thermocouple and the second electronic liquid level sensor are the same as those of the first dynamic pressure sensor, the first thermocouple and the first electronic liquid level sensor.
Further, the hearth pressure measuring point, the flame detection probe of the layer C burner, the flame detection probe of the layer B burner, the flame detection probe of the layer A burner I and the flame detection probe of the layer A burner II are connected with the DCS processor; the layer C burner oil gun, the layer B burner oil gun and the layer A burner oil gun are respectively connected with a layer C burner oil gun electromagnetic valve, a layer B burner oil gun electromagnetic valve and a layer A burner oil gun electromagnetic valve, and the layer C burner oil gun electromagnetic valve, the layer B burner oil gun electromagnetic valve and the layer A burner oil gun electromagnetic valve are connected in parallel and then connected with a fuel pipeline main electromagnetic valve; and the layer C burner oil gun electromagnetic valve, the layer B burner oil gun electromagnetic valve and the layer A burner oil gun electromagnetic valve are connected to the DCS processor.
Furthermore, the layer A combustor of the hearth adopts a double-fire detection probe arrangement mode, and after the fire detection probe of the layer A combustor I and the fire detection probe of the layer A combustor II both meet the combustor fire extinguishing protection conditions, corresponding combustor fire extinguishing protection actions are triggered; the constant-period purging is carried out on the first dynamic pressure sensor and the second dynamic pressure sensor by switching on and off the compressed air solenoid valve, and the single-time purging time and the purging time interval are respectively set to bet cAndt j。
further, a large coke block at a high position in the hearth falls to the slag conveyor, a large amount of water vapor generated by a thermal shock effect enters the hearth, the combustion stability is reduced, boiler coke falling monitoring is carried out through a first dynamic pressure sensor, a second dynamic pressure sensor, a first thermocouple, a second thermocouple, a first electronic liquid level sensor, a second electronic liquid level sensor and a hearth pressure measuring point, and the boiler coke falling judgment and calculation method of each sensor comprises the following steps:
a. in the coke dropping judgment and calculation method of the dynamic pressure sensor boiler,
such as: deltaP 1,aft/△t 1,aft>△P 1,bef/△t 1,bef+△P 1,maxMarked as [ +P 1]Indicates that the logic condition is satisfied, and the negative one is marked as [ -P 1]Indicating that this logical condition is not satisfied;
such as: deltaP 2,aft/△t 2,aft>△P 2,bef/△t 2,bef+△P 2,maxMarked as [ +P 2]Indicates that the logic condition is satisfied, and the negative one is marked as [ -P 2]Indicating that this logical condition is not satisfied;
in the formula, for dynamic pressure sensing of number oneThe device is used for cleaning the surface of the workpiece,P 1,aftthe dynamic pressure after the coke is removed,t 1,aftthe time after the coke has been removed,P 1,befthe dynamic pressure before the coke is removed,t 1,befpre-coke-off time, DeltaP 1,maxMaximum dynamic pressure fluctuations during normal operation of the boiler; for a dynamic pressure sensor of the type two,P 2,aftthe dynamic pressure after the coke is removed,t 2,aftthe time after the coke has been removed,P 2,befthe dynamic pressure before the coke is removed,t 2,befpre-coke-off time, DeltaP 2,maxMaximum dynamic pressure fluctuations during normal operation of the boiler;
b. in the judgment and calculation method for coke dropping of the thermocouple boiler,
such as: deltaT 1,aft/△t 1,aft>△T 1,bef/△t 1,bef+△T 1,maxMarked as [ +T 1]Indicates that the logic condition is satisfied, and the negative one is marked as [ -T 1]Indicating that this logical condition is not satisfied;
such as: deltaT 2,aft/△t 2,aft>△T 2,bef/△t 2,bef+△T 2,maxMarked as [ +T 2]Indicates that the logic condition is satisfied, and the negative one is marked as [ -T 2]Indicating that this logical condition is not satisfied;
in the formula, for a thermocouple No. one,T 1,aftthe temperature of the slag water after the coke is removed,t 1,aftthe time after the coke has been removed,T 1,befthe temperature of the pre-char residue water,t 1,befpre-coke-off time, DeltaT 1,maxMaximum slag water temperature fluctuations during normal boiler operation; for the thermocouple number two, the thermocouple is,T 2,aftthe temperature of the slag water after the coke is removed,t 2,aftthe time after the coke has been removed,T 2,befthe temperature of the pre-char residue water,t 2,befpre-coke-off time, DeltaT 2,max―The maximum slag water temperature fluctuation when the boiler normally operates;
c. in the coke dropping judgment and calculation method of the boiler with the electronic liquid level sensor,
such as: deltaH 1,aft/△t 1,aft>△H 1,bef/△t 1,bef+△H 1,maxMarked as [ +H 1]Indicates that the logic condition is satisfied, and the negative one is marked as [ -H 1]Indicating that this logical condition is not satisfied;
such as: deltaH 2,aft/△t 2,aft>△H 2,bef/△t 2,bef+△H 2,maxMarked as [ +H 2]Indicates that the logic condition is satisfied, and the negative one is marked as [ -H 2]Indicating that this logical condition is not satisfied;
in the formula, for the electronic liquid level sensor I,H 1,aftthe maximum amplitude of the liquid level fluctuation of the coke-falling slag water,t 1,aftthe time after the coke has been removed,H 1,befthe maximum amplitude of the liquid level fluctuation of the slag water before coke falling,t 1,befpre-coke-off time, DeltaH 1,maxMaximum amplitude of fluctuation of the liquid level of the slag water during normal operation of the boiler; for the electronic level sensor No. two,H 2,aftthe maximum amplitude of the liquid level fluctuation of the coke-falling slag water,t 2,aftthe time after the coke has been removed,H 2,befthe maximum amplitude of the liquid level fluctuation of the slag water before coke falling,t 2,befpre-coke-off time, DeltaH 2,maxMaximum amplitude of fluctuation of the liquid level of the slag water during normal operation of the boiler;
d. in the coke dropping judgment and calculation method of the boiler at the furnace pressure measuring point,
such as: lP l│>P oIf the logic condition is satisfied, the logic condition is not satisfied;
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,P l-the measured pressure of the furnace hearth,P o-a pressure set value.
Further, dynamic pressure signal change, slag water temperature and liquid level fluctuation change at the bottom of the hearth after coke falling of the hearth are identified, automatic stable combustion protection action of the boiler is triggered through logic judgment, the condition that the temperature of the hearth is greater than 900 ℃ is met, and the logic judgment method comprises the following steps:
a. [+P 1]&[+P 2]、[+T 1]&[+T 2]and [ +H 1]&[+H 2]In, one of three conditions is satisfied, andP l│>P otriggering oil spraying protection action of an oil gun of the layer A combustor;
b. [+P 1]&[+P 2]、[+T 1]&[+T 2]and [ +H 1]&[+H 2]In, two conditions of three-out are satisfied, andP l│>P otriggering oil spraying protection actions of the layer A burner oil guns and the layer B burner oil guns;
c. [+P 1]&[+P 2]、[+T 1]&[+T 2]and [ +H 1]&[+H 2]In three conditions are satisfied, andP l│>P otriggering the oil spraying protection actions of the layer A burner oil guns, the layer B burner oil guns and the layer C burner oil guns;
d. after the protection action is executed, when the logic condition is not met, and the oil injection time interval of the oil gun of the burner ist pThen, the fuel injection operation is stopped.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and effects: (1) the coke falling problem in the boiler is effectively monitored by collecting sensor data and boiler operation data, and can be accurately and timely found out by automatically calculating and judging in real time through a factory distributed control system; (2) the grade is judged according to the coke falling problem, the distributed control system is subjected to interlocking protection, stable combustion operation of the boiler is automatically carried out, and the intelligent operation level of the boiler can be improved; (3) through implementing this technical scheme, can effectively avoid taking place the unit non-because of the boiler falls burnt problem and stop the problem, improve unit safety and stability operation level.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the system according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a system control structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a logic protection diagram for automatic stable combustion of a boiler in an embodiment of the invention.
In the figure: a hearth 1, a hearth pressure measuring point 2, a C-layer combustor fire detection probe 3, a C-layer combustor oil gun 4, a B-layer combustor fire detection probe 5, a B-layer combustor oil gun 6, a first A-layer combustor fire detection probe 7, a first A-layer combustor oil gun 8, a second A-layer combustor fire detection probe 9, a slag salvaging machine 10, a first baffle 11, a second baffle 12, a first dynamic pressure sensor 13 and a second dynamic pressure sensor 14, the system comprises a first thermocouple 15, a second thermocouple 16, a first electronic liquid level sensor 17, a second electronic liquid level sensor 18, a pressure transmitter 19, a DCS processor 20, a compressed air pipeline 21, a compressed air manual valve 22, a first compressed air electromagnetic valve 23, a second compressed air electromagnetic valve 24, a layer C burner oil gun electromagnetic valve 25, a layer B burner oil gun electromagnetic valve 26, a layer A burner oil gun electromagnetic valve 27 and a fuel pipeline main electromagnetic valve 28.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail below by way of examples with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are illustrative of the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
Examples are given.
A first unit of a certain company is a 300MW unit, all boilers are subcritical parameter, natural circulation steam pocket boilers, single hearth, single intermediate reheating, four-corner tangential circle combustion mode, intermediate storage bin type pulverizing system, balanced ventilation, n-shaped open-air arrangement, solid state deslagging and wet slag salvaging machine. 6 months in 2014, the denitration modification project of the unit is matched, and the low-nitrogen device of the boiler is modified by a middle-section ring stand (Wuhan) energy technology limited company. The boiler coking is serious due to poor quality of coal for combustion, and the problem of coke dropping and fire extinguishing of the unit I appears for many times.
The first unit is connected to the power grid after the minor repair is finished in 2018 and 10 months, the first unit operates normally in 2019 and 1 month at 18:34, the first unit operates normally, the load is 165MW, the main steam pressure is 12.8MPa, the main steam temperature is 538 ℃, the reheat steam temperature is 536 ℃, the steam pocket pressure is 13.3MPa, the main steam flow is 507t/h, the water supply flow is 511t/h, the hearth pressure fluctuates between-20 Pa and-120 Pa, the steam pocket water level is-9 mm, the total air volume fluctuates between 795 kNm and 820kNm, the average oxygen volume is 5.2%, the total fuel volume is 70t/h, the A/B/C/D full layer and the E layer 1 of the powder feeder, and the fire detection intensity of each operating burner is over 80 percent when the operating burner is operated at No. 3 corner (wherein the revolution of each layer is respectively 530r/min, 500 r/min, 420 r/min, 400 r/min and 240 r/min). The induced draft fan A/B, the blower A/B, the primary air fan A/B and the pulverizing system A/B/D operate.
18:34:08, the negative pressure of the first unit hearth begins to fluctuate and starts to increase from-118 Pa, the highest temperature of 18:34:09 rises to +284Pa, and the lowest temperature of 18:34:19 falls to-1003 Pa. 18:34:20, boiler I MFT, machine I and system II, and MFT starts 'fire extinguishing in the whole furnace chamber'. After the comprehensive inspection and the boiler purging, the first boiler is ignited at a ratio of 20: 10. And 23:15, connecting the first unit with the grid.
Analysis shows that the MFT reason of the boiler is as follows: fire extinguishing protection action of the whole furnace; the fire extinguishing reason of the whole furnace chamber is as follows: a unit low-load operation combustion stability is relatively poor, takes place in the operation furnace and falls burnt, and a large amount of burnt pieces fall to in dragging for the sediment machine, and the water in the sediment well is heated rapidly, produces big steam, and steam rises to cause the interior burning of stove to worsen sharply, leads to A, B, C, D, E layers of combustor fire to examine no fire, triggers the whole furnace chamber and puts out a fire. Coking and coke dropping reasons of the boiler: the unit runs continuously for a long time and frequently participates in peak regulation, the situation that the combustion adjustment is not timely occurs frequently to cause weakening of a power field in the furnace, and a main burner area is coked and gradually accumulated; the coal as fired is mixed for many times, and the coal quality with low volatile components for combustion is generated, so that the coking of the boiler is intensified; in the recent period, the peak-valley load of the unit is adjusted frequently, and coke falling is caused by thermal load disturbance of the boiler.
Aiming at the problems, the boiler is locally technically improved, referring to fig. 1 and fig. 2, a boiler coke falling monitoring and automatic combustion stabilizing system is adopted and comprises a hearth 1, hearth pressure measuring points 2 are arranged on the hearth 1, and a C-layer combustor fire detection probe 3, a C-layer combustor oil gun 4, a B-layer combustor fire detection probe 5, a B-layer combustor oil gun 6, a first-layer combustor fire detection probe 7, a first-layer combustor oil gun 8 and a second-layer combustor fire detection probe 9 are sequentially arranged in a combustor area from top to bottom; the first baffle 11 and the second baffle 12 are respectively connected with the cold ash hoppers on the left side and the right side of the hearth 1, and the first baffle 11 and the second baffle 12 are arranged in parallel with the cold ash hoppers; a slag conveyor 10 is configured at the bottom of the hearth 1, a first dynamic pressure sensor 13, a first thermocouple 15 and a first electronic liquid level sensor 17 are arranged on the left side of the slag conveyor 10, the first dynamic pressure sensor 13 is horizontally arranged, the first thermocouple 15 and the first electronic liquid level sensor 17 are vertically arranged, and the right ends of the first dynamic pressure sensor 13, the first thermocouple 15 and the first electronic liquid level sensor 17 are not more than the vertical plane where the right end of the first baffle 11 is located; no. two dynamic pressure sensor 14, No. two thermocouples 16 and No. two electron level sensor 18 arrange in the right side of dragveyer, and No. two dynamic pressure sensor 14 level is arranged, and No. two thermocouples 16 and No. two electron level sensor 18 are vertical to be arranged, and No. two dynamic pressure sensor 14, No. two thermocouples 16 and No. two electron level sensor 18's left end is no longer than the vertical plane of No. two baffle 12's left end place.
The first thermocouple 15 and the first electronic liquid level sensor 17 are both connected with the DCS processor 20, and the first dynamic pressure sensor 13 is connected with the pressure transmitter 19 and then connected with the DCS processor 20; two pressure leading pipes of the first dynamic pressure sensor 13 are respectively connected with a first compressed air electromagnetic valve 23 and a second compressed air electromagnetic valve 24, and the first compressed air electromagnetic valve 23 and the second compressed air electromagnetic valve 24 are connected in parallel and then are connected with a compressed air manual valve 22 and a compressed air pipeline 21; the arrangement of the dynamic pressure sensor 14, the thermocouple 16 and the electronic level sensor 18 is the same as that of the dynamic pressure sensor 13, the thermocouple 15 and the electronic level sensor 17.
The hearth pressure measuring point 2, the flame detection probe 3 of the combustor on the layer C, the flame detection probe 5 of the combustor on the layer B, the first flame detection probe 7 of the combustor on the layer A and the second flame detection probe 9 of the combustor on the layer A are connected with the DCS processor 20; the layer C burner oil gun 4, the layer B burner oil gun 6 and the layer A burner oil gun 8 are respectively connected with the layer C burner oil gun electromagnetic valve 25, the layer B burner oil gun electromagnetic valve 26 and the layer A burner oil gun electromagnetic valve 27, and the layer C burner oil gun electromagnetic valve 25, the layer B burner oil gun electromagnetic valve 26 and the layer A burner oil gun electromagnetic valve 27 are connected in parallel and then connected with the fuel pipeline main electromagnetic valve 28; the layer C burner oil gun electromagnetic valve 25, the layer B burner oil gun electromagnetic valve 26 and the layer A burner oil gun electromagnetic valve 27 are connected to the DCS processor 20.
A-layer burner of hearth 1The arrangement form of double fire detection probes is adopted, and after the fire detection probe 7 of the first layer burner and the fire detection probe 9 of the second layer burner of the A layer both meet the fire extinguishing protection condition of the burners, corresponding fire extinguishing protection actions of the burners are triggered; the first dynamic pressure sensor 13 and the second dynamic pressure sensor 14 are periodically purged by switching the second compressed air solenoid valve 24, and the single-time purging time and the purging time interval are respectively set to bet cAndt j。
the large coke blocks at the middle and high positions in the hearth 1 fall down to the slag conveyor 10, a large amount of water vapor generated by thermal shock effect enters the hearth 1, the combustion stability is reduced, the boiler coke falling monitoring is carried out through a first dynamic pressure sensor 13, a second dynamic pressure sensor 14, a first thermocouple 15, a second thermocouple 16, a first electronic liquid level sensor 17, a second electronic liquid level sensor 18 and a hearth pressure measuring point 2, and the boiler coke falling judgment and calculation method of each sensor is as follows:
a. in the coke dropping judgment and calculation method of the dynamic pressure sensor boiler,
such as: deltaP 1,aft/△t 1,aft>△P 1,bef/△t 1,bef+△P 1,maxMarked as [ +P 1]Indicates that the logic condition is satisfied, and the negative one is marked as [ -P 1]Indicating that this logical condition is not satisfied;
such as: deltaP 2,aft/△t 2,aft>△P 2,bef/△t 2,bef+△P 2,maxMarked as [ +P 2]Indicates that the logic condition is satisfied, and the negative one is marked as [ -P 2]Indicating that this logical condition is not satisfied;
in the formula, for the first dynamic pressure sensor 13,P 1,aftthe dynamic pressure after the coke is removed,t 1,aftthe time after the coke has been removed,P 1,befthe dynamic pressure before the coke is removed,t 1,befpre-coke-off time, DeltaP 1,maxMaximum dynamic pressure fluctuations during normal operation of the boiler; with respect to the dynamic pressure sensor number two 14,P 2,aftthe dynamic pressure after the coke is removed,t 2,aftthe time after the coke has been removed,P 2,befthe dynamic pressure before the coke is removed,t 2,befpre-coke-off time, DeltaP 2,maxMaximum dynamic pressure fluctuations during normal operation of the boiler;
b. in the judgment and calculation method for coke dropping of the thermocouple boiler,
such as: deltaT 1,aft/△t 1,aft>△T 1,bef/△t 1,bef+△T 1,maxMarked as [ +T 1]Indicates that the logic condition is satisfied, and the negative one is marked as [ -T 1]Indicating that this logical condition is not satisfied;
such as: deltaT 2,aft/△t 2,aft>△T 2,bef/△t 2,bef+△T 2,maxMarked as [ +T 2]Indicates that the logic condition is satisfied, and the negative one is marked as [ -T 2]Indicating that this logical condition is not satisfied;
in the formula, for thermocouple number one 15,T 1,aftthe temperature of the slag water after the coke is removed,t 1,aftthe time after the coke has been removed,T 1,befthe temperature of the pre-char residue water,t 1,befpre-coke-off time, DeltaT 1,maxMaximum slag water temperature fluctuations during normal boiler operation; for the thermocouple number two 16,T 2,aftthe temperature of the slag water after the coke is removed,t 2,aftthe time after the coke has been removed,T 2,befthe temperature of the pre-char residue water,t 2,befpre-coke-off time, DeltaT 2,max―The maximum slag water temperature fluctuation when the boiler normally operates;
c. in the coke dropping judgment and calculation method of the boiler with the electronic liquid level sensor,
such as: deltaH 1,aft/△t 1,aft>△H 1,bef/△t 1,bef+△H 1,maxMarked as [ +H 1]Indicates that the logic condition is satisfied, and the negative one is marked as [ -H 1]Indicating that this logical condition is not satisfied;
such as: deltaH 2,aft/△t 2,aft>△H 2,bef/△t 2,bef+△H 2,maxMarked as [ +H 2]Indicates that the logic condition is satisfied, and the negative one is marked as [ -H 2]Indicating that this logical condition is not satisfied;
in the formula, for the electronic level sensor number one 17,H 1,aftthe maximum amplitude of the liquid level fluctuation of the coke-falling slag water,t 1,aftthe time after the coke has been removed,H 1,befthe maximum amplitude of the liquid level fluctuation of the slag water before coke falling,t 1,befpre-coke-off time, DeltaH 1,maxMaximum amplitude of fluctuation of the liquid level of the slag water during normal operation of the boiler; for the electronic level sensor number two 18,H 2,aftthe maximum amplitude of the liquid level fluctuation of the coke-falling slag water,t 2,aftthe time after the coke has been removed,H 2,befthe maximum amplitude of the liquid level fluctuation of the slag water before coke falling,t 2,befpre-coke-off time, DeltaH 2,maxMaximum amplitude of fluctuation of the liquid level of the slag water during normal operation of the boiler;
d. in the coke dropping judgment and calculation method of the boiler at the furnace pressure measuring point,
such as: lP l│>P oIf the logic condition is satisfied, the logic condition is not satisfied;
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,P l-the measured pressure of the furnace hearth,P o-a pressure set value.
The dynamic pressure signal change, the slag water temperature and the liquid level fluctuation change at the bottom of the hearth 1 are identified after the hearth 1 loses coke, the automatic stable combustion protection action of the boiler is triggered through logic judgment, the condition that the temperature of the hearth 1 is greater than 900 ℃ is met, and the logic judgment method comprises the following steps:
a. [+P 1]&[+P 2]、[+T 1]&[+T 2]and [ +H 1]&[+H 2]In, one of three conditions is satisfied, andP l│>P otriggering the oil spraying protection action of an oil gun 8 of the layer A combustor;
b. [+P 1]&[+P 2]、[+T 1]&[+T 2]and [ +H 1]&[+H 2]In, two conditions of three-out are satisfied, andP l│>P otriggering the oil spraying protection actions of the layer A burner oil guns 8 and the layer B burner oil guns 6;
c. [+P 1]&[+P 2]、[+T 1]&[+T 2]and [ +H 1]&[+H 2]In three conditions are satisfied, andP l│>P otriggering the oil spraying protection actions of the layer A burner oil guns 8, the layer B burner oil guns 6 and the layer C burner oil guns 4;
d. after the protection action is executed, when the logic condition is not met, and the oil injection time interval of the oil gun of the burner ist pThen, the fuel injection operation is stopped.
After the boiler is transformed and the starting operation is finished, respectively settingt c、t jAndP oequal parameters, real-time calculation of delta in boiler operationP 1,max、△P 2,max、△T 1,max、△T 2,max、△H 1,maxAnd deltaH 2,maxAnd (5) waiting for parameters, and putting the boiler into coke falling monitoring and automatic stable combustion logic protection. At a certain day after the boiler is operated for 3 months, the temperature of the hearth is greater than 900 ℃, [ +P 1]&[+P 2]、[+T 1]&[+T 2]And [ +H 1]&[+H 2]In, one of three conditions is satisfied, andP l│>P oand the oil gun of the layer A burner is triggered to spray oil to protect the action, so that stable combustion is carried out on the boiler in time, and the safe and stable operation of the unit is ensured.
Those not described in detail in this specification are well within the skill of the art.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the above embodiments, it should be understood that the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and that various changes and modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. A hydraulic deslagging type four-corner tangential boiler coke falling monitoring and automatic stable combustion system is characterized by comprising a hearth (1), wherein hearth pressure measuring points (2) are arranged on the hearth (1), and a layer C burner fire detection probe (3), a layer C burner oil gun (4), a layer B burner fire detection probe (5), a layer B burner oil gun (6), a layer A burner first fire detection probe (7), a layer A burner oil gun (8) and a layer A burner second fire detection probe (9) are sequentially arranged in a burner area from top to bottom; the first baffle (11) and the second baffle (12) are respectively connected with the cold ash buckets on the left side and the right side of the hearth (1), and the first baffle (11) and the second baffle (12) are arranged in parallel with the cold ash buckets; the bottom of the hearth (1) is provided with a slag conveyor (10), a first dynamic pressure sensor (13), a first thermocouple (15) and a first electronic liquid level sensor (17) are arranged on the left side of the slag conveyor (10), the first dynamic pressure sensor (13) is horizontally arranged, the first thermocouple (15) and the first electronic liquid level sensor (17) are vertically arranged, and the right ends of the first dynamic pressure sensor (13), the first thermocouple (15) and the first electronic liquid level sensor (17) are not more than the vertical plane where the right end of the first baffle (11) is located; a second dynamic pressure sensor (14), a second thermocouple (16) and a second electronic liquid level sensor (18) are arranged on the right side of the slag conveyor, the second dynamic pressure sensor (14) is horizontally arranged, the second thermocouple (16) and the second electronic liquid level sensor (18) are vertically arranged, and the left ends of the second dynamic pressure sensor (14), the second thermocouple (16) and the second electronic liquid level sensor (18) are not more than the vertical plane where the left end of the second baffle (12) is located;
the first thermocouple (15) and the first electronic liquid level sensor (17) are connected with the DCS processor (20), and the first dynamic pressure sensor (13) is connected with the DCS processor (20) after being connected with the pressure transmitter (19); two pressure leading pipes of the first dynamic pressure sensor (13) are respectively connected with a first compressed air electromagnetic valve (23) and a second compressed air electromagnetic valve (24), and the first compressed air electromagnetic valve (23) and the second compressed air electromagnetic valve (24) are connected in parallel and then are connected with a compressed air manual valve (22) and a compressed air pipeline (21); the arrangement modes of the second dynamic pressure sensor (14), the second thermocouple (16) and the second electronic liquid level sensor (18) are the same as those of the first dynamic pressure sensor (13), the first thermocouple (15) and the first electronic liquid level sensor (17);
the hearth pressure measuring point (2), the flame detection probe (3) of the burner on the layer C, the flame detection probe (5) of the burner on the layer B, the first flame detection probe (7) of the burner on the layer A and the second flame detection probe (9) of the burner on the layer A are connected with the DCS processor (20); the layer C combustor oil gun (4), the layer B combustor oil gun (6) and the layer A combustor oil gun (8) are respectively connected with a layer C combustor oil gun electromagnetic valve (25), a layer B combustor oil gun electromagnetic valve (26) and a layer A combustor oil gun electromagnetic valve (27), and the layer C combustor oil gun electromagnetic valve (25), the layer B combustor oil gun electromagnetic valve (26) and the layer A combustor oil gun electromagnetic valve (27) are connected in parallel and then connected with a fuel pipeline main electromagnetic valve (28); the layer C burner oil gun electromagnetic valve (25), the layer B burner oil gun electromagnetic valve (26) and the layer A burner oil gun electromagnetic valve (27) are connected to the DCS processor (20);
the large coke block at the high position in the hearth (1) falls down to the slag conveyor (10), a large amount of water vapor is generated by a thermal shock effect to enter the hearth (1), the combustion stability is reduced, boiler coke falling monitoring is carried out through a dynamic pressure sensor (13), a second dynamic pressure sensor (14), a first thermocouple (15), a second thermocouple (16), a first electronic liquid level sensor (17), a second electronic liquid level sensor (18) and a hearth pressure measuring point (2), and the boiler coke falling judgment and calculation method of each sensor is as follows:
a. in the coke dropping judgment and calculation method of the dynamic pressure sensor boiler,
such as: deltaP 1,aft/△t 1,aft>△P 1,bef/△t 1,bef+△P 1,maxMarked as [ +P 1]Indicates that the logic condition is satisfied, and the negative one is marked as [ -P 1]Is shown asThe logic condition is satisfied;
such as: deltaP 2,aft/△t 2,aft>△P 2,bef/△t 2,bef+△P 2,maxMarked as [ +P 2]Indicates that the logic condition is satisfied, and the negative one is marked as [ -P 2]Indicating that this logical condition is not satisfied;
in the formula, for a first dynamic pressure sensor (13),P 1,aftthe dynamic pressure after the coke is removed,t 1,aftthe time after the coke has been removed,P 1,befthe dynamic pressure before the coke is removed,t 1,befpre-coke-off time, DeltaP 1,maxMaximum dynamic pressure fluctuations during normal operation of the boiler; for a dynamic pressure sensor number two (14),P 2,aftthe dynamic pressure after the coke is removed,t 2,aftthe time after the coke has been removed,P 2,befthe dynamic pressure before the coke is removed,t 2,befpre-coke-off time, DeltaP 2,maxMaximum dynamic pressure fluctuations during normal operation of the boiler;
b. in the judgment and calculation method for coke dropping of the thermocouple boiler,
such as: deltaT 1,aft/△t 1,aft>△T 1,bef/△t 1,bef+△T 1,maxMarked as [ +T 1]Indicates that the logic condition is satisfied, and the negative one is marked as [ -T 1]Indicating that this logical condition is not satisfied;
such as: deltaT 2,aft/△t 2,aft>△T 2,bef/△t 2,bef+△T 2,maxMarked as [ +T 2]Indicates that the logic condition is satisfied, and the negative one is marked as [ -T 2]Indicating that this logical condition is not satisfied;
wherein, for a thermocouple number one (15),T 1,aftthe temperature of the slag water after the coke is removed,t 1,aftthe time after the coke has been removed,T 1,befthe temperature of the pre-char residue water,t 1,befpre-coke-off time, DeltaT 1,maxMaximum slag water temperature fluctuations during normal boiler operation; to pairIn the second thermocouple (16),T 2,aftthe temperature of the slag water after the coke is removed,t 2,aftthe time after the coke has been removed,T 2,befthe temperature of the pre-char residue water,t 2,befpre-coke-off time, DeltaT 2,max―The maximum slag water temperature fluctuation when the boiler normally operates;
c. in the coke dropping judgment and calculation method of the boiler with the electronic liquid level sensor,
such as: deltaH 1,aft/△t 1,aft>△H 1,bef/△t 1,bef+△H 1,maxMarked as [ +H 1]Indicates that the logic condition is satisfied, and the negative one is marked as [ -H 1]Indicating that this logical condition is not satisfied;
such as: deltaH 2,aft/△t 2,aft>△H 2,bef/△t 2,bef+△H 2,maxMarked as [ +H 2]Indicates that the logic condition is satisfied, and the negative one is marked as [ -H 2]Indicating that this logical condition is not satisfied;
in the formula, for the first electronic liquid level sensor (17),H 1,aftthe maximum amplitude of the liquid level fluctuation of the coke-falling slag water,t 1,aftthe time after the coke has been removed,H 1,befthe maximum amplitude of the liquid level fluctuation of the slag water before coke falling,t 1,befpre-coke-off time, DeltaH 1,maxMaximum amplitude of fluctuation of the liquid level of the slag water during normal operation of the boiler; for the electronic level sensor number two (18),H 2,aftthe maximum amplitude of the liquid level fluctuation of the coke-falling slag water,t 2,aftthe time after the coke has been removed,H 2,befthe maximum amplitude of the liquid level fluctuation of the slag water before coke falling,t 2,befpre-coke-off time, DeltaH 2,maxMaximum amplitude of fluctuation of the liquid level of the slag water during normal operation of the boiler;
d. in the coke dropping judgment and calculation method of the boiler at the furnace pressure measuring point,
such as: lP l│>P oIf the logic condition is satisfied, the logic condition is not satisfied;
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,P l-the measured pressure of the furnace hearth,P o-a pressure set value;
the dynamic pressure signal change, the slag water temperature and the liquid level fluctuation change at the bottom of the hearth (1) after coke falling of the hearth (1) are identified, the automatic stable combustion protection action of the boiler is triggered through logic judgment, the condition that the temperature of the hearth (1) is greater than 900 ℃ is met, and the logic judgment method comprises the following steps:
a. [+P 1]&[+P 2]、[+T 1]&[+T 2]and [ +H 1]&[+H 2]In, one of three conditions is satisfied, andP l│>P otriggering the oil injection protection action of an oil gun (8) of the layer A burner;
b. [+P 1]&[+P 2]、[+T 1]&[+T 2]and [ +H 1]&[+H 2]In, two conditions of three-out are satisfied, andP l│>P otriggering oil spraying protection actions of the layer A burner oil guns (8) and the layer B burner oil guns (6);
c. [+P 1]&[+P 2]、[+T 1]&[+T 2]and [ +H 1]&[+H 2]In three conditions are satisfied, andP l│>P otriggering oil spraying protection actions of the layer A burner oil guns (8), the layer B burner oil guns (6) and the layer C burner oil guns (4);
d. after the protection action is executed, when the logic condition is not met, and the oil injection time interval of the oil gun of the burner ist pThen, the fuel injection operation is stopped.
2. The hydraulic deslagging type four-corner-cutting circular boiler coke falling monitoring and automatic combustion stabilizing system according to claim 1, wherein a layer A combustor of a hearth (1) adopts a double-fire detection probe arrangement mode, and a first fire detection probe (7) of the layer A combustor and a second fire detection probe (9) of the layer A combustor meet the requirements of combustor fire extinguishing protectionTriggering corresponding fire extinguishing protection actions of the burner after the conditions are met; the first dynamic pressure sensor (13) and the second dynamic pressure sensor (14) are purged at fixed periods by switching on and off a second compressed air solenoid valve (24), and the single-time purging time and the purging time interval are respectively set to bet cAndt j。
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