CN107201266B - 生物可降解环保型线切割乳化液及其制备方法 - Google Patents

生物可降解环保型线切割乳化液及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN107201266B
CN107201266B CN201710448588.0A CN201710448588A CN107201266B CN 107201266 B CN107201266 B CN 107201266B CN 201710448588 A CN201710448588 A CN 201710448588A CN 107201266 B CN107201266 B CN 107201266B
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徐玉福
刘志超
姚路路
尤涛
胡献国
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Hefei University of Technology
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种生物可降解环保型线切割乳化液及其制备方法，乳化液由以下重量份数的原料组成：去离子水60‑80份，三乙醇胺油酸皂5‑12份，胶体石墨粉0.001‑0.02份，生物柴油0.2‑8份，吐温60乳化剂0.05‑2份，苄叉丙酮0.01‑0.8份，枸橼酸钠1‑2份，4‑甲基苯并三氮唑0.01‑0.1份，聚氧丙烯氧化乙烯甘油醚0.2‑0.8份，聚乙烯醇0.1‑2份；分两步混合这些组分，最终调节乳化液pH，搅拌均匀后即得。本发明产品环保，组分可生物降解，制备方法简便，在电火花线切割过程中能显著起到降温、防锈、提高效率、改善加工表面质量的效果，具有良好的推广价值。

Description

生物可降解环保型线切割乳化液及其制备方法
一、技术领域
本发明涉及机械加工线切割用乳化液领域，具体的说是一种生物可降解环保型线切割乳化液及其制备方法。
二、背景技术
机械加工过程包含多道工序，其中电火花线切割是以细金属丝为电极，通过金属丝的连续移动对机械零件进行脉冲火花放电，以切割金属的一种加工方法。为了降低切割表面温度、防止新鲜表面生锈、提高加工效率、改善加工表面质量，通常在加工过程会使用线切割乳化液来达到上述目的。
目前市场上的线切割乳化液产品较多，在一定程度上满足了需求，然而使用后的线切割乳化液的处理难度较大，废液的排放给环境造成了严重的污染，随着环保要求的提升，以及线切割过程对产品表面质量要求的提升，迫切需要开发一种生物可降解环保型线切割乳化液。
三、发明内容
本发明针对现有线切割乳化液存在的不足，目的就是要提供一种生物可降解环保型线切割乳化液及其制备方法，以促进新型线切割乳化液的应用。
由于线切割乳化液组分较为复杂，各组分之间可能还会相互作用，因此，各组分的选择不仅不能相互影响，还要能相互促进为佳，此外，各组分的含量、加入次序以及制备工艺均会对最终产品产生直接影响。
本发明通过以下技术方案来实现：
本发明一种生物可降解环保型线切割乳化液，其特点在于：由以下重量份数的原料组成：去离子水60-80份，三乙醇胺油酸皂5-12份，胶体石墨粉0.001-0.02份，生物柴油0.2-8份，吐温60乳化剂0.05-2份，苄叉丙酮0.01-0.8份，枸橼酸钠1-2份，4-甲基苯并三氮唑0.01-0.1份，聚氧丙烯氧化乙烯甘油醚0.2-0.8份，聚乙烯醇0.1-2份。
上述线切割乳化液的制备方法为：将去离子水、三乙醇胺油酸皂、胶体石墨粉按比例依次加入容器中在60-80℃加热搅拌20-40min得到液体A；将吐温60乳化剂、苄叉丙酮、枸橼酸钠、4-甲基苯并三氮唑、聚氧丙烯氧化乙烯甘油醚、聚乙烯醇按比例依次加入生物柴油中搅拌均匀得到液体B；液体A保持300-3000rpm转速剪切搅拌下，将液体B缓慢滴加至液体A中，然后调节体系pH至8-9，在温度为30-50℃速度1000-5000rpm下搅拌30-60min，即得线切割乳化液，使用时用去离子水稀释5-20倍即可。
与现有技术相比，本发明的优势体现在：
1)本发明产品环保，组分可生物降解。本发明产品不含有“三致”作用的成分，组分可生物降解，降低了废液排放造成的环境压力。
2)本发明乳化液稳定性好。本乳化液不仅在储存过程中较稳定，而且在运输等动荡环境下稳定性也较好。
3)本发明的制备方法简便，易于工业化。本发明的方法由加热、搅拌、混合等几个基本的化工单元操作组成，易于实现规模化。
4)本发明产品在加工过程中能显著起到降温、防锈、提高效率、改善加工表面质量的效果，生产效率可达28mm2/min以上，加工表面粗糙度Ra可达0.6μm以下。
四、具体实施例
为更好的理解本发明，通过以下具体实施例说明本发明，并不限制本发明，以下所述均为重量份。
实施例1：
将60份去离子水、6份三乙醇胺油酸皂、0.01份胶体石墨粉依次加入烧瓶中在60℃加热搅拌30min得到液体A；将0.1份吐温60乳化剂、0.02份苄叉丙酮、1份枸橼酸钠、0.01份4-甲基苯并三氮唑、0.2份聚氧丙烯氧化乙烯甘油醚、0.2份聚乙烯醇依次加入2份生物柴油中搅拌均匀得到液体B；液体A保持1000rpm转速剪切搅拌下，将液体B缓慢滴加至液体A中，然后调节体系pH至8.5，在温度为35℃速度3000rpm下搅拌30min，即得线切割乳化液，使用时用去离子水稀释10倍，切割铸铁材料时生产效率可达38mm2/min，加工表面粗糙度Ra可达0.5μm。
实施例2：
将70份去离子水、9份三乙醇胺油酸皂、0.01份胶体石墨粉依次加入烧瓶中在80℃加热搅拌40min得到液体A；将1份吐温60乳化剂、0.04份苄叉丙酮、1份枸橼酸钠、0.05份4-甲基苯并三氮唑、0.6份聚氧丙烯氧化乙烯甘油醚、1.2份聚乙烯醇依次加入6份生物柴油中搅拌均匀得到液体B；液体A保持500rpm转速剪切搅拌下，将液体B缓慢滴加至液体A中，然后调节体系pH至8.8，在温度为50℃速度4000rpm下搅拌40min，即得线切割乳化液，使用时用去离子水稀释5倍，切割合金工具钢材料时生产效率可达29mm2/min，加工表面粗糙度Ra可达0.58μm。

Claims (2)

1.一种生物可降解环保型线切割乳化液，其特征在于，由以下重量份数的原料组成：去离子水60-80份，三乙醇胺油酸皂5-12份，胶体石墨粉0.001-0.02份，生物柴油0.2-8份，吐温60乳化剂0.05-2份，苄叉丙酮0.01-0.8份，枸橼酸钠1-2份，4-甲基苯并三氮唑0.01-0.1份，聚氧丙烯氧化乙烯甘油醚0.2-0.8份，聚乙烯醇0.1-2份；该乳化液在机械线切割加工过程中能显著起到降温、防锈、提高效率、改善加工表面质量的效果，生产效率达28mm2/min以上，加工表面粗糙度Ra达0.6μm以下。
2.根据权利要求1所述的线切割乳化液，其特征在于，制备方法为：将去离子水、三乙醇胺油酸皂、胶体石墨粉按比例依次加入容器中在60-80℃加热搅拌20-40min得到液体A；将吐温60乳化剂、苄叉丙酮、枸橼酸钠、4-甲基苯并三氮唑、聚氧丙烯氧化乙烯甘油醚、聚乙烯醇按比例依次加入生物柴油中搅拌均匀得到液体B；液体A保持300-3000rpm转速剪切搅拌下，将液体B缓慢滴加至液体A中，然后调节体系pH至8-9，在温度为30-50℃速度1000-5000rpm下搅拌30-60min，即得线切割乳化液。
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