CN107201231A - A kind of complex method of soil conditioner and promotion soil fast and stable - Google Patents
A kind of complex method of soil conditioner and promotion soil fast and stable Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN107201231A CN107201231A CN201710423811.6A CN201710423811A CN107201231A CN 107201231 A CN107201231 A CN 107201231A CN 201710423811 A CN201710423811 A CN 201710423811A CN 107201231 A CN107201231 A CN 107201231A
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- soil
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- soil conditioner
- grass
- complex method
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/40—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F11/00—Other organic fertilisers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of soil conditioner and the complex method of promotion soil fast and stable, wherein soil conditioner is the mixture of inorganic polymer PAM and stalk；The present invention promote the complex method of soil fast and stable be using the soil conditioner is covered in the surface of soil carry out Composting treatment and plantation is tall careless be combined by buffer strip by the way of, play and hold native fertilizer conservation, the effect of fast and stable.It is longer that the present invention can overcome in existing lakeside zone soil remediation physicochemical property to recover the cycle, and by ectocine it is serious the problem of, not only can effectively improve soil fertility, overcome in existing lakeside zone soil remediation physicochemical property recover the cycle it is longer the problem of.Meanwhile, allow the aggregate of rehabilitating soil to keep good stability, effectively resist the extraneous erosion caused, and low cost, maintenance cost is few, takes into account intertidal zone value, aesthetic values, Recreation Value.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of soil conditioner and the complex method of promotion soil fast and stable, belong to environmental ecology
Field.
Background technology
As population increases, work, the development of agricultural production and the aggravation of the unreasonable development activities of the mankind, Environment-Ecosystem
Particularly the serious degeneration of the ambient soil ecosystem turns into worldwide universal phenomenon.Investigation discovery, China's water and soil
Losing issue is increasing, soil physico-chemical property severe exacerbation, loses it and function such as intercepts, filters, breeding.Substrate is ecosystem
The important component of system, is the growing environment of plant, microorganism, and source of nutrition is provided for various biologies.Substrate environment it is tight
Destroy again, degenerating directly affects the health of each lake land inland water ecotone and its surrounding resident, to tourist industry, agricultural, fishery and
All kinds of productions generate serious adverse effect.
In recent years, many work have been carried out in terms of soil base recovery project research both at home and abroad, the country has begun to note
The repair of heavy soil substrate, mainly including methods such as physics, chemistry, biologies.Wherein：
1st, physical method, mainly using stone, builds stone matter embankment, reduction even shuts off wind, wave etc. to soil base
Wash away, so as to avoid corroding steep bank.Physical method has the shortcomings that construction costs costliness, landscape effect are poor.
2nd, chemical method, mainly by adding Sediment rehabilitation agent, such as PAC (aluminium polychloride), PAM (polyacrylamide),
Magnetic fillers, bioremediation agents etc., to improved soil physicochemical property, the problems such as slowing down soil soil erosion.But such chemistry
Technology it is different degrees of there are problems that reparation pollute single, repairing effect.
3rd, biological method, is mainly realized by building vegetation buffer strip, and the reinforcing to soil is realized using plant, is improved
Corrosion resistance, and purify soil property.The key point of such method is the reasonable disposition of plant.
The content of the invention
In order to overcome the physicochemical property recovery cycle in existing lakeside zone soil remediation longer, and serious by ectocine
Problem, the present invention is intended to provide the complex method of a kind of soil conditioner and promotion soil fast and stable, can not only make reparation
Total nitrogen, total phosphorus, available nitrogen, available phosphorus and the organic matter of soil afterwards meet III grade of standard of national soil nutrient within the short cycle,
Meanwhile, the aggregate of soil after reparation is kept good stability, effectively resist the extraneous erosion caused；In addition, originally
The plants configuration scheme provided in invention can also produce good landscape effect.
Soil conditioner of the present invention is inorganic and organic macromolecule mixture, further says, is inorganic polymer PAM
The mass ratio of the mixture of (polyacrylamide) and stalk, inorganic polymer PAM and stalk is 1:4.When specifically used, stalk leads to
Cross plant pulverizer and crushed 200 mesh sieves, all types of stalks can be used.The usage amount of soil conditioner is 1~1.25kg/
m2Primary quantity be covered in the surface of soil, and cover one layer of soil again to avoid soil conditioner on the surface of soil conditioner
With air contact, Composting treatment is carried out, copolymer is formed there is provided larger specific surface area, carries more microorganisms.
Soil conditioner of the present invention is applied to the intermediate zone soil between fresh water and land such as lakeside zone, Riparian Zone and repaiied
It is multiple.
The present invention promotes the complex method of soil fast and stable, is entered using the surface that soil conditioner is covered in into soil
Row Composting treatment and tall-grass-mode being combined by buffer strip of plantation.
Described tall-grass-refers to arbor-herbaceous plant-cover plant buffer strip by buffer strip；Wherein arbor is moisture-proof, resistance to
Saline and alkaline, vertical root or oblique root type, one kind or several in willow, Alnus Trabeculosa, basket oak, taxodium ascendens, bald cypress, metasequoia
Kind；Herbaceous plant mainly selects the one or more in reed, hay grass, cattail, canna, Lythrum salicaria, thaliadeabata；Cover plant
One or more in main selection Zoysia sinica, Bermuda grass, rye grass.
Tall-the grass-by buffer strip is in plantation：Arbor is planted in lakeside zone terrestrial tree zone, its planting range be from
Plantation between the top down normal throw 0.5m of lakeside zone region, every plant of arbor is at intervals of 20m；Herbaceous plant plant in
Lakeside zone humidogene shrub band and/or emergent vegetation zone, its planting range are between lakeside zone terrestrial tree zone and lakeside zone bottom
Region, according to 10~15 plants of herbaceous plant/square metre density plant；Reseeded entirely with cover plant vacantly.
Tall-the grass-by buffer strip is in plantation, using the common seedling of each planting base.
Selection of the invention is suitable for local growth, price is cheap, take into account the plant of land inland water ecotone ecology and aesthetic values,
By planting, tall-grass-is strengthened the stability of foundation bed by buffer strip, intercepts the nutrient loss that the external force such as rainwash are caused.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are embodied in：
The present invention, which is increased by easily corroding the regions such as abrupt slope, windward side in being repaired along base, plants moisture-proof, enrichment nutrient, prosperity
The arbor of root system and draft wood are planted, and the tall-grass-of structure is by buffer strip, and its cardinal principle is：Utilize such arbor and herbaceous plant
The characteristics of well developed root system and its between cover plant root system Competition, can plant, increase repairing ecological region planting such draft wood
Plus in soil root system of plant distribution so that improve root system in substratum soil particle bonding, cohesion etc. effect, strengthen subsoil
The stability of layer, the root system-soil synthesis for making whole substrate formation be reinforced by root system.
The present invention combine soil remediation in soil fertility it is not good, by ectocine fluctuation it is larger the characteristics of, by spy
Joint is using inorganic polymer PAM and stalk by weight 1 under fixed plant buffer strip reparation:4 ratio mixing, is covered in soil
Composting treatment in earth.The flocculation for taking full advantage of inorganic polymer PAM, the effect reunited, effectively increase substrate soil
Aggregate stability, and the getting fat effect brought of organic polymer stalk resource and certain flocculating result.And it is such a multiple
Closing organic polymer in modification method coordinates inorganic polymer to form copolymer there is provided larger specific surface area, can carry more
Many microorganisms, effective polymerization, stablizing effect are played to soil agreegate, and regeneration stalk resource is increase soil fertility,
There are certain heavy metal and organic contamination (such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, Polychlorinated biphenyls) removal ability in composting process simultaneously.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is that land inland water ecotone Sediment rehabilitation simulates schematic diagram.Wherein：1 herbaceous plant coordinates cover plant, and 2 soil change
Good dose, 3 lakeside zone earth culture grooves, 4 floating plants, such as water lily, 5 submerged plants, such as black algae, watermifoil.
Simulate bank slope in Fig. 1 ordinatedly to be formed by plant using the herbaceous plant of well developed root system, the root of similar " concrete "
System-soil synthesis.Soil horizon thickness is about 10cm, uniform filling soil conditioner of the present invention.Because device is small, it is impossible to which plantation is tall
Wood, therefore do not drawn in Fig. 1.In addition, floating plant can be planted in the lake of simulation, such as：Water lily, black algae etc..
Fig. 2 be the present invention using the surface that soil conditioner is covered in soil carry out Composting treatment and plantation it is tall-
The schematic diagram of mode complex repairation for grass-be combined by buffer strip.
Fig. 3 is the mixing photo of soil conditioner of the present invention.
Embodiment
Technical scheme is further illustrated in conjunction with embodiment, but present disclosure is not by following examples
Limitation.
Embodiment 1：
First, air-dried stalk is cut into 10cm segment, 200 mesh sieves were crushed by plant pulverizer.PAM (poly- third
Acrylamide) by French import, white powder crystal is dissolved in water, with very strong poly- effect of slitting, is mixed with the stalk powder of sieving
Native table, then the soil covering that use need to be repaired equably are sprinkled upon afterwards, and Composting treatment, whole process is about needed 25 days, and stalk and PAM are used
Amount is respectively 1kg/m2And 0.25kg/m2It is configured to soil conditioner.
Finally, arbor taxodium ascendens are planted in lakeside zone terrestrial tree zone, and its planting range is hung down from the top down of lakeside zone
Be in vertical throw 0.5m region, the present embodiment away from the region between bottom of slope 10-15m, plantation between every plant of arbor at intervals of
20m；Herbaceous plant Lythrum salicaria plant in the region between lakeside zone terrestrial tree zone and lakeside zone bottom, the present embodiment be from
Bottom of slope to away from the region between bottom of slope 10m, according to 10~15 plants of herbaceous plant/square metre density plant；Remainder uses dog
Root of the tooth is filled, and the above constitutes plants configuration band.
Table 1：For examination soil property
Analysis record data is determined for examination soil sample see the table below 2 after two months：
Table 2
Pass through the mutation analysis to supplying examination soil physico-chemical property and soil nutrient in table 1, table 2, it is known that the inventive method exists
Obvious action is played in soil base reparation.
Embodiment 2：
The experimentation be the same as Example 1 of the present embodiment, the difference is that stalk and PAM mass ratio are by 4 in soil conditioner：
1 is substituted for 3：1, and with same plants configuration mode, handled for examination soil same.
Analysis record data is measured by sampling after two months and see the table below 3：
Table 3
The mass ratio that can be seen that stalk and PAM in soil conditioner from the data in table 3 is 3：When 1, to soil base
Repair do not have stalk and PAM mass ratio be 3：1 soil conditioner is good.
Comparative example 1：
Bare area (LD)
Comparative example 2：
Canna+Bermuda grass (C1)
Comparative example 3：
Lythrum salicaria+Bermuda grass (C2)
Comparative example 4：
Reed+Bermuda grass (C3)
Comparative example 5：
Bare area+soil conditioner of the present invention (C4)
Comparative example 6：
Canna+Bermuda grass+soil conditioner of the present invention (C5)
Comparative example 7：
Lythrum salicaria+Bermuda grass+soil conditioner of the present invention (C6)
Comparative example 8：
Reed+Bermuda grass+soil conditioner of the present invention (C7)
Above comparative example is to move back fishing also lake region reparation substrate using Wuxi City, Jiangsu Province Taihu Lake basin Zhong Gong lakes to try object as confession,
Field test is provided with bare area (LD), canna+Bermuda grass (C1), Lythrum salicaria+Bermuda grass (C2), reed+Bermuda grass (C3), naked
Ground+soil conditioner of the present invention (C4), canna+Bermuda grass+soil conditioner of the present invention (C5), Lythrum salicaria+Bermuda grass+this hair
8 kinds of processing such as bright soil conditioner (C6), reed+Bermuda grass+soil conditioner of the present invention (C7), respectively at before plantation plant
(A), plant strain growth stage (B) and the plant stage of ripeness (C) collection top layer pedotheque, and combine indoor earth culture experiment, analysis
Soil fertility, the change of aggregate composition and its stability, the mechanism for understanding improvement soil texture under different reclamation activities.
The result of tracking and monitoring shows：
1st, in field test, the pH value that B periods respectively handle and (remove C2) is above LD, illustrates the shock-absorbing capacity of soil after repairing
Enhancing, relative to the decline that LD slow down soil pH value；Full nitrogen, the average value of content of tatal phosphorus of the soil of B periods each treatment group
50%, 56% is improved than A periods respectively, wherein C5~C7 processing total soil nitrogen, the ascensional range of full phosphorus are the most obvious.During C
The phase content of organic matter of C7, C6, C5, C4 treatment group adds 30.63% than LD, without significant difference between other treatment groups, significantly
Ground highlights effect of the repair mode of C5~C7 plant combined substrate modifying agent in substrate nutrient is improved；Indoor earth culture examination
Test and show, addition improving straw mulching coordinates the soil organic matter content of PAM treatment groups than bare area and only planting plants rise respectively
36.06% and 32.74%, without significant difference between other treatment groups.Field experiment B, C period is with C6 (Lythrum salicarves+Bermuda grass
+ soil conditioner of the present invention) treatment group alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen content highest, C periods C6 and C4 processing soil available nitrogen carries than LD respectively
It is high by 152.67%, 59.25%；Earth culture experiment shows that PAM is conducive to the raising of soil alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen content, straw compost covering
Soil quick-effective phosphor, quick-acting potassium content can be increased, Soil Available potassium content significantly rises with the increase of Straw Amendment amount.With
The extension of repair time, crop field cell soil free state iron-aluminium oxide content is gradually decreased, amorphous Fe aluminium oxide content
Gradually increase, illustrate soil crystalline form iron-aluminium oxide gradually to amorphous conversion, the activation grade of iron-aluminium oxide is gradually stepped up.
2nd, after dry screen, each processing aggregate with big particle diameter (>4mm, 4~2mm) based on, soil conditioner of the present invention can be notable
Increase soil>The content of 4mm dry screen aggregates.After wet screening, the composition of each processing soil agreegate changes, and C periods are everywhere
Reason (removes C1)>0.25mm water-stable aggregate content adds 23.57%~40.23% than LD, is changed by plant combined substrate
Good dose of soil<0.25mm microaggregate gradually changes to 2~1mm and 0.5~0.25mm macro aggregate.Illustrate, respectively
Processing mode all improves the effect of larger water-stable aggregate, and the repair mode energy of plant combined substrate modifying agent
Preferably make small agglomerates to the transformation of bigger particle diameter aggregate；Meanwhile, shown by earth culture experiment, addition PAM can be carried significantly
It is high>The content of 4mm water-stable aggregates, and increase with the increase of PAM consumptions.Use>0.25mm water-stable aggregates contain
Amount (WSA),>The destructive rate (PAD) and diameter of average weight (MWD) of 0.25mm aggregates weighs the soil agreegate of each processing
Stability, final result shows that the aggregate stability that field experiment is handled with C7, C6, C2 is higher, C6 (thousand in earth culture experiment
Bend dish+Bermuda grass+soil conditioner of the present invention) processing aggregate stability be significantly higher than other handle.
3rd, synthesis can be obtained, and individually still Combined Treatment mode can play a role in terms of substrate improvement.But,
The used C6 processing of the present invention, improves most effectively plasma content in soil physical properties, sand grain content reduction,
Hole increasing number, the soil weight reduces, and soil macro aggregate content is improved, and organic matter, alkaline hydrolysis in soil chemical properties
Nitrogen, rapid available phosphorus, full nitrogen, content of tatal phosphorus are improved.In wetland land inland water ecotone Sediment rehabilitation, and in other Sediment rehabilitation engineerings
There are good prospect and use value.
Although the present invention is disclosed above with preferred embodiment, but is not limited to the present invention.It is any to be familiar with ability
The technical staff in domain, in the case where not departing from technical solution of the present invention scope, all using the technology contents pair of the disclosure above
Technical solution of the present invention makes many possible variations and modification, or is revised as the equivalent embodiment of equivalent variations.Therefore, it is every
Without departing from the content of technical solution of the present invention, according to the technology of the present invention essence to any simple modification made for any of the above embodiments,
Equivalent variations and modification, all should fall in the range of technical solution of the present invention protection.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of soil conditioner, it is characterised in that：For inorganic polymer PAM and the mixture of stalk.
2. soil conditioner according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The mass ratio of inorganic polymer PAM and stalk is
1:4。
3. a kind of application of soil conditioner, it is characterised in that：
Stalk crushed 200 mesh sieves, with 1~1.25kg/m after being well mixed with inorganic polymer PAM2Primary quantity be covered in soil
The surface of earth, and cover one layer of soil again to avoid soil conditioner and air contact on the surface of soil conditioner, carry out heap
Extensive use of chemical fertilizer processing.
4. a kind of complex method of promotion soil fast and stable, it is characterised in that：Soil is covered in using by the soil conditioner
The surface of earth carries out Composting treatment and tall-grass-mode being combined by buffer strip of plantation.
5. complex method according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：
Described tall-grass-refers to arbor-herbaceous plant-cover plant buffer strip by buffer strip；Wherein arbor be moisture-proof, Salt And Alkali Tolerance,
Vertical root or oblique root type, herbaceous plant are the one or more in reed, hay grass, cattail, canna, Lythrum salicaria, thaliadeabata；
Cover plant is the one or more in Zoysia sinica, Bermuda grass, rye grass.
6. complex method according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：
The arbor is the one or more in willow, Alnus Trabeculosa, basket oak, taxodium ascendens, bald cypress, metasequoia.
7. complex method according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：
Tall-the grass-by buffer strip is in plantation：Arbor is planted in lakeside zone terrestrial tree zone, and herbaceous plant is planted in lakeside
Band humidogene shrub band and/or emergent vegetation zone, its is reseeded entirely with cover plant vacantly.
8. complex method according to claim 7, it is characterised in that：
The planting range of arbor is between the plantation between the region from the top down normal throw 0.5m of lakeside zone, every plant of arbor
It is divided into 20m.
9. complex method according to claim 7, it is characterised in that：
Herbal planting range is the region between lakeside zone terrestrial tree zone and lakeside zone bottom, according to 10~15 plants of grass
This plant/square metre density plantation.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109362267A (en) * | 2018-10-22 | 2019-02-22 | 扬州大学 | A method of improving soil aggregate stability |
| CN110396410A (en) * | 2019-09-05 | 2019-11-01 | 江西省中国科学院庐山植物园 | Soil conditioner and the preparation method and application thereof for controlling phosphorus levels |
| CN110746241A (en) * | 2019-11-14 | 2020-02-04 | 辽宁大学 | Slow-release soil conditioner and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN113255132A (en) * | 2021-05-26 | 2021-08-13 | 中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所 | Method for analyzing response mechanism of rice rhizosphere potassium to organic matters and iron-aluminum oxides |
| CN114958388A (en) * | 2022-06-25 | 2022-08-30 | 武汉市秀谷科技有限公司 | Repairing agent for farmland soil organic matter pollution treatment, preparation method and application thereof |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109362267A (en) * | 2018-10-22 | 2019-02-22 | 扬州大学 | A method of improving soil aggregate stability |
| CN110396410A (en) * | 2019-09-05 | 2019-11-01 | 江西省中国科学院庐山植物园 | Soil conditioner and the preparation method and application thereof for controlling phosphorus levels |
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| CN110746241A (en) * | 2019-11-14 | 2020-02-04 | 辽宁大学 | Slow-release soil conditioner and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN113255132A (en) * | 2021-05-26 | 2021-08-13 | 中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所 | Method for analyzing response mechanism of rice rhizosphere potassium to organic matters and iron-aluminum oxides |
| CN113255132B (en) * | 2021-05-26 | 2024-01-30 | 中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所 | Analysis method of response mechanism of rice rhizosphere potassium element to organic matters and iron-aluminum oxide |
| CN114958388A (en) * | 2022-06-25 | 2022-08-30 | 武汉市秀谷科技有限公司 | Repairing agent for farmland soil organic matter pollution treatment, preparation method and application thereof |
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Application publication date: 20170926 |