CN107188560A - 一种陶瓷电容器材料制备方法 - Google Patents

一种陶瓷电容器材料制备方法 Download PDF

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CN107188560A
CN107188560A CN201710615016.7A CN201710615016A CN107188560A CN 107188560 A CN107188560 A CN 107188560A CN 201710615016 A CN201710615016 A CN 201710615016A CN 107188560 A CN107188560 A CN 107188560A
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胡登卫
张新利
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Shaanxi ouxike Electronic Co., Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种陶瓷电容器材料制备方法。该方法是在基于BCTZ体系陶瓷基础上,掺杂Eu、K这两种元素,且限定其掺杂比例,先经过水热合成反应再经过高温烧结,最终得到陶瓷电容器材料。该制备方法避免了长时间对原料进行球磨操作,只用一次烧结就能得到最终材料,烧结温度低、烧结时间短,得到的材料,其介电常数ε在14680‑18600之间,介电损耗在0.004‑0.014之间。

Description

一种陶瓷电容器材料制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于功能材料领域,具体涉及一种低温烧结高介电常数的陶瓷电容器材料的制备方法。
背景技术
随着微电子信息技术的迅猛发展,对电子整机在小型化、便携化、多功能、数字化及高可靠性、高性能方面的需求,以及对元器件的小型化、集成化和模块化的要求愈来愈迫切。此时就需要研发出更具有优越性的新型介质材料。电子元器件的尺寸与介质的介电常数成负相关。要实现上述功能,就必须研发出更高介电常数的材料,但高介电常数会有更大的介电损耗,寻求高介电常数、低介质损耗一直都是研发的目标。
BaTiO3是最早发现的一种钙钛矿型电介质材料,曾被称为电子陶瓷产业的支柱,被广泛应用于各种电子材料元器件中,常用的有基于BaTiO3发展而成的弛豫型介电材料BCTZ(Ba0.9Ca0.1Ti0.9Zr0.1O3)体系陶瓷。
申请号201710242298.0《高介电常数陶瓷电容器材料及其制备方法》,公开了一种先高温烧结得到BaZr0.1Ti0.9O3,再将其与其余物质混合后再在高温下烧结,得到高介电常数陶瓷电容器材料,该方法需要进行两次球磨,对物料尺寸要求极高,且球磨和高温烧结的时间长。
发明内容
本发明的目的是针对现有技术的不足,在基于BCTZ体系陶瓷基础上,通过掺杂特定元素组合,在较低温度下即可制备得到高介电常数陶瓷电容器材料,且介电损耗低的制备方法。
为了实现本发明的目的,通过大量试验研究并不懈努力,最终获得如下技术方案:一种陶瓷电容器材料制备方法,包括如下步骤:
1)按照Ba:Ca:Zr:Eu:K=9:1:1:(0.3-x):x的摩尔比将钡盐、锆盐、钙盐、铕盐和镧盐溶于水配成混合溶液A,其中0.05≤x≤0.2;
2)按照Ti:Ba=1:1的摩尔比,将TiCl4加入混合溶液A中,同时加入强碱,得到混合溶液B,其中强碱加入量为Ba的摩尔量的4-7倍,搅拌混合溶液B至呈粘稠状,得到水热反应的前驱体;
3)将步骤2)得到的前驱体移入水热反应釜中,进行水热反应,水热反应温度为160-250℃,反应时间8-12h;
4)水热反应结束后,水热反应釜降至室温,产物取出后洗涤、干燥;
5)干燥后产物研磨后进行造粒、成型处理,得到坯体;
6)坯体进行烧结处理,烧结温度为1000-1150℃,保温时间15-30min,随后自然冷却至室温,得到陶瓷电容器材料。
进一步优选地,本发明提供的一种陶瓷电容器材料制备方法,其中步骤1)中,0.07≤x≤0.12。
进一步优选地,本发明提供的一种陶瓷电容器材料制备方法,其中步骤1)中,所述钡盐为硝酸钡、硫酸钡或氯化钡中任意一种。
进一步优选地,本发明提供的一种陶瓷电容器材料制备方法,其中所述钙盐为硫酸钙、氯化钙或硝酸钙中任意一种。
进一步优选地,本发明提供的一种陶瓷电容器材料制备方法,其中所述铕盐为氯化铕、硫酸铕或硝酸铕中任意一种。
进一步优选地,本发明提供的一种陶瓷电容器材料制备方法,其中所述钾盐为硝酸钾、氯化钾或硫酸钾中任意一种。
进一步优选地,本发明提供的一种陶瓷电容器材料制备方法,其中步骤2)中钛盐为四氯化钛。
进一步优选地,本发明提供的一种陶瓷电容器材料制备方法,其中步骤5)中研磨时,将其研磨至200-400目。
进一步优选地,本发明提供的一种陶瓷电容器材料制备方法,其中上述步骤4)和5)中干燥温度为60-80℃。
进一步优选地,本发明提供的一种陶瓷电容器材料制备方法,其中步骤5)中研磨后细粉加入聚乙烯醇后进行造粒,聚乙烯醇的用量为细粉质量的0.8-1.3%。
本发明相对于现有技术,具有如下技术效果:
本发明通过掺杂Eu、K这两种元素,且限定其掺杂比例,先经过水热合成再经过高温烧结,最终得到陶瓷电容器材料,其介电常数ε在14680-18600之间,介电损耗在0.004-0.014之间;且本发明方法中烧结温度低、烧结时间短。
具体实施方式
下面对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步说明。
下述实施例中,步骤2得到的前驱物在步骤3)中水热釜内衬中的填充度为60-80%。
实施例1
步骤1:按照Ba:Ca:Zr:Eu:K=9:1:1:0.1:0.2的摩尔比将187.41g BaCl2、11.1gCaCl2、32.23g ZrOCl2·8H2O、2.58g EuCl3、1.49g KCl溶于水配成混合溶液A,搅拌后静置;
步骤2:称取170.74g TiCl4,加入混合溶液A中,再加入143.99g NaOH,得到混合溶液B,缓慢搅拌混合溶液B至呈粘稠状,得到水热反应前驱体;
步骤3:将步骤2)得到的水热反应前驱体移入水热反应釜的内衬中,进行水热反应,反应温度为170℃,反应12h,反应结束后降至室温,反应产物取出后进行洗涤处理,然后在60℃下进行干燥;
步骤4:干燥后产物研磨成细粉后过200目筛,过筛后细粉加入聚乙烯醇,聚乙烯醇加入量为细粉质量的0.8%,进行成型,成型压力为18-36MPa,缓慢施压,保持半分钟后,卸压,得到坯体;
步骤5:将坯体置于马弗炉中进行烧结,烧结温度为1050℃,保温25min,随后自然冷却至室温,得到陶瓷电容器材料。
实施例2
步骤1:按照Ba:Ca:Zr:Eu:K=9:1:1:0.22:0.08的摩尔比将235.21g Ba(NO3)2、11.1g CaCl2、32.23g ZrOCl2·8H2O、9.81g Eu(NO3)3·6H2O、0.60g KCl溶于水配成混合溶液A,搅拌后静置;
步骤2:称取170.74g TiCl4,加入混合溶液A中,再加入251.97g NaOH,得到混合溶液B,缓慢搅拌混合溶液B至呈粘稠状,得到水热反应前驱体;
步骤3:将步骤2)得到的水热反应前驱体移入水热反应釜的内衬中,进行水热反应,反应温度为250℃,反应8h,反应结束后降至室温,反应产物取出后进行洗涤处理,然后在80℃下进行干燥;
步骤4:干燥后产物研磨成细粉后过400目筛,过筛后细粉加入聚乙烯醇,聚乙烯醇加入量为细粉质量的1.3%,进行成型,成型压力为18-36MPa,缓慢施压,保持半分钟后,卸压,得到坯体;
步骤5:将坯体置于马弗炉中进行烧结,烧结温度为1150℃,保温15min,随后自然冷却至室温,得到陶瓷电容器材料。
实施例3
步骤1:按照Ba:Ca:Zr:Eu:K=9:1:1:0.20:0.10的摩尔比将235.21g Ba(NO3)2、16.41g Ca(NO3)2、32.23g ZrOCl2·8H2O、5.17g EuCl3、1.01g KNO3溶于水配成混合溶液A,搅拌后静置;
步骤2:称取170.74g TiCl4,加入混合溶液A中,再加入215.98g NaOH,得到混合溶液B,缓慢搅拌混合溶液B至呈粘稠状,得到水热反应前驱体;
步骤3:将步骤2)得到的水热反应前驱体移入水热反应釜的内衬中,进行水热反应,反应温度为200℃,反应10h,反应结束后降至室温,反应产物取出后进行洗涤处理,然后在70℃下进行干燥;
步骤4:干燥后产物研磨成细粉后过350目筛,过筛后细粉加入聚乙烯醇,聚乙烯醇加入量为细粉质量的1.0%,进行成型,成型压力为18-36MPa,缓慢施压,保持半分钟后,卸压,得到坯体;
步骤5:将坯体置于马弗炉中进行烧结,烧结温度为1100℃,保温10min,随后自然冷却至室温,得到陶瓷电容器材料。
实施例4
步骤1:按照Ba:Ca:Zr:Eu:K=9:1:0.25:0.05的摩尔比将235.21g Ba(NO3)2、16.41g Ca(NO3)2、32.23g ZrOCl2·8H2O、6.46g EuCl3、0.51g KNO3溶于水配成混合溶液A,搅拌后静置;
步骤2:称取170.74g TiCl4,加入混合溶液A中,再加入215.98g NaOH,得到混合溶液B,缓慢搅拌混合溶液B至呈粘稠状,得到水热反应前驱体;
步骤3:将步骤2)得到的水热反应前驱体移入水热反应釜的内衬中,进行水热反应,反应温度为200℃,反应10h,反应结束后降至室温,反应产物取出后进行洗涤处理,然后在70℃下进行干燥;
步骤4:干燥后产物研磨成细粉后过300目筛,过筛后细粉加入聚乙烯醇,聚乙烯醇加入量为细粉质量的1.0%,进行成型,成型压力为18-36MPa,缓慢施压,保持半分钟后,卸压,得到坯体;
步骤5:将坯体置于马弗炉中进行烧结,烧结温度为1100℃,保温10min,随后自然冷却至室温,得到陶瓷电容器材料。
实施例5
按照实施例1-4的过程,分别制备得到直径10mm、厚度1.5mm的陶瓷电容器材料,对其进行介电性能测试,结果如表1所示。
表1实施例1-4介电材料的介电性能
实施例 测试频率(Hz) 介电常数ε 介质损耗
1 1k 14680 0.013
2 1k 15720 0.004
3 1k 18600 0.008
4 1k 17350 0.011
实施例6
以实施例3为参照,其余条件不变,改变烧结温度为950℃,对制备得到的陶瓷电容器材料进行性能检测,发现在1kHz测试频率下,介电常数ε为12740,介质损耗0.017;
以实施例3为参照,改变烧结温度为1200℃,对制备得到的陶瓷电容器材料进行性能检测,发现在1kHz测试频率下,介电常数ε为13250,介质损耗0.009。
对比例1
改变掺杂种类,按照Ba:Ca:Zr:Eu=9:1:1:0.1的比例制备介电材料,其余步骤与实施例3的相同;
按照a:Ca:Zr:K=9:1:1:0.2的比例制备介电材料,其余步骤原料与实施例3的相同。
对比例2
改变掺杂物的比例,按照Ba:Ca:Zr:Eu:K=9:1:1:0.05:0.02的比例制备介电材料,其余步骤与实施例3的相同。
对比例3
改变掺杂物的比例,按照Ba:Ca:Zr:Eu:K=9:1:1:0.4:0.3的比例制备介电材料,其余步骤与实施例3的相同。
对比例4
在实施例3的基础上,按照Ba:Ca:Zr=9:1:1的比例进行实验制备得到介电材料。
对比例5
与实施例5相同,按照对比例1-4过程,分别制备得到直径10mm、厚度1.5mm的陶瓷电容器材料,对其在相同条件下进行性能测试,结果如表2所示。
表2对比例1-4得到的介电材料介电性能
对比例 测试频率(Hz) 介电常数ε 介质损耗
1(只含Eu) 1k 14550 0.023
1(只含K) 1k 13120 0.010
2 1k 14800 0.009
3 1k 15240 0.017
4 1k 12470 0.034

Claims (10)

1.一种陶瓷电容器材料制备方法,其特征在于包括如下步骤:
1)按照Ba:Ca:Zr:Eu:K=9:1:1:(0.3-x):x的摩尔比,将钡盐、锆盐、钙盐、铕盐和钾盐溶于水配成混合溶液A,其中0≤x≤0.2;
2)按照Ti:Ba=1:1的摩尔比,将TiCl4加入混合溶液A中,同时加入强碱,得到混合溶液B,其中强碱加入量为Ba的摩尔量的4-7倍,搅拌混合溶液B至粘稠状,得到水热反应的前驱体;
3)将步骤2)得到的前驱体移入水热反应釜中,进行水热反应,水热反应温度为160-250℃,反应时间8-12h;
4)水热反应结束后,水热反应釜降至室温,反应产物取出后洗涤、干燥;
5)将干燥后产物研磨后进行造粒、成型处理,得到坯体;
6)将坯体进行烧结处理,烧结温度为1000-1150℃,保温时间15-25min,随后自然冷却至室温,得到陶瓷电容器材料。
2.根据权利要求1所述陶瓷电容器材料制备方法,其特征在于:步骤1)中,0.07≤x≤0.12。
3.根据权利要求1所述陶瓷电容器材料制备方法,其特征在于:步骤1)中,所述钡盐为硝酸钡、硫酸钡和氯化钡中任意一种。
4.根据权利要求1所述陶瓷电容器材料制备方法,其特征在于:步骤1)中,所述钙盐为硫酸钙、氯化钙和硝酸钙中任意一种。
5.根据权利要求1所述陶瓷电容器材料制备方法,其特征在于:步骤1)中,所述铕盐为氯化铕、硫酸铕和硝酸铕中任意一种。
6.根据权利要求1所述陶瓷电容器材料制备方法,其特征在于:步骤1)中,所述钾盐为硝酸钾、氯化钾和硫酸钾中任意一种。
7.根据权利要求1所述陶瓷电容器材料制备方法,其特征在于:步骤2)中锆盐为硝酸锆或八水合二氯氧化锆。
8.根据权利要求1所述陶瓷电容器材料制备方法,其特征在于:步骤5)中研磨时,将所述干燥后产物研磨至200-400目。
9.根据权利要求1所述陶瓷电容器材料制备方法,其特征在于:步骤4)中,干燥温度为60-80℃。
10.根据权利要求1所述陶瓷电容器材料制备方法,其特征在于:步骤5)中研磨后细粉加入聚乙烯醇后进行造粒,聚乙烯醇的用量为细粉质量的0.8-1.3%。
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