CN107178215A - 一种提高混凝土的表观质量和性能的施工方法 - Google Patents

一种提高混凝土的表观质量和性能的施工方法 Download PDF

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CN107178215A
CN107178215A CN201710397489.4A CN201710397489A CN107178215A CN 107178215 A CN107178215 A CN 107178215A CN 201710397489 A CN201710397489 A CN 201710397489A CN 107178215 A CN107178215 A CN 107178215A
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丁清杰
赵付凯
宋亚涛
李永江
庞海涛
刘海
严实
汪军
周奇
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Henan Hekou Village Reservoir Construction Administration Bureau
Sinohydro Bureau 11 Zhengzhou Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明属于土木施工技术领域，涉及一种提高混凝土的表观质量和性能的施工方法，包括，(1)裂缝切槽处理与基面清理；(2)涂刷环氧界面胶；(3)嵌填聚脲密封胶；(4)混凝土基面清理；(5)底漆施工；(6)弹性氟碳漆施工。本发明的有益效果为：施工效率高、处理效果好，有利于基础混凝土与修复材料的粘接；避免混凝土与聚脲材料从接触面发生开裂、剥落；可以适应混凝土裂缝的伸缩变形，有利于混凝土整体色调的一致性；防止外界破坏因子侵入混凝土内部造成混凝土老化、破坏以及返碱现象，同时提高了混凝土的抗渗性；提高混凝土的耐久性，又可以适应聚脲密封胶由于温差变化造成的弹性形变。

Description

一种提高混凝土的表观质量和性能的施工方法
技术领域
本发明属于土木施工技术领域，涉及一种提高混凝土的表观质量和性能的施工方法。
背景技术
混凝土建筑物是目前分布领域最广、数量最多的建筑物类型。在施工过程中由于原材料质量不合格、配合比设计不合理、施工操作不当或养护措施不到位等原因，使得混凝土构筑物容易出现裂缝，这不仅影响了混凝土的表观质量，同时裂缝也为外界的CO2、H2O等破坏因子提供了深入混凝土内部的通道，进一步加剧了混凝土的碳化、渗漏、钢筋的锈蚀，为混凝土建筑物的安全运行带来了隐患。
对于混凝土构筑物中存在的裂缝，常用的处理方法有表层贴补、灌浆处理等，这些方法阻止了外界破坏因子向混凝土内部的渗透，对混凝土起到了一定的保护作用，但处理后的混凝土表观质量不一致，且聚脲材料与混凝土粘接性能较差，而常用的环氧类材料、水泥基材料属于刚性材料，不能适应混凝土裂缝的伸缩变形，导致处理好的混凝土裂缝在经过几个周期的温差变形后出现重新开裂、表面脱落等现象。
发明内容
本发明的目的是针对以往混凝土裂缝处理表观质量差、耐久性一般的情况，本发明采用切槽嵌填、使用高粘接材料与弹性材料复合处理裂缝、纳米丙烯酸树脂底漆与弹性氟碳漆复合对基础混凝土进行色差调整、抗渗性处理、耐久性防护等技术，既弥补了裂缝常规处理方法造成的表观质量差的问题，又解决了常规外墙涂料不能适应混凝土裂缝热缩冷胀的弊端，特别适于对存在裂缝的混凝土建筑物进行耐久性防护、抗渗性处理与表观质量改善的情况。
本发明解决问题的技术方案是：一种提高混凝土的表观质量和性能的施工方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)裂缝切槽处理与基面清理：采用手钎配合电动角磨机沿裂缝走向凿出宽10～20cm、深2～3mm的矩形槽，然后采用吹风机配合电动钢丝刷清除浮尘与松动颗粒；
(2)涂刷环氧界面胶：采用三角铲配合毛刷将环氧界面胶均匀的涂抹于矩形槽内，材料施工厚度为0.5～1.0mm；
(3)嵌填聚脲密封胶：在环氧界面胶表干后，将聚脲密封胶嵌填于矩形槽内，采用单组份聚脲密封胶，材料的弹性伸长率为200％～250％，施工厚度为1～2mm；
(4)混凝土基面清理：采用电动钢丝刷对混凝土基面进行清理，去除松动颗粒，除去浮尘；
(5)底漆施工：清理干净后，将底漆与清水按1:1～5比例混合均匀，采用喷涂机进行喷涂施工；
(6)弹性氟碳漆施工：清理干净后，将弹性氟碳漆与清水按1：1～3混合均匀，采用喷涂机进行喷涂施工，采用弹性伸长率为200％～250％的弹性氟碳漆。
进一步的，步骤2中，所述环氧界面胶由以下重量分数比的原料组成：环氧树脂100份、多官能度活性稀释剂10～20份、聚酰胺固化剂10～50份、脂环胺固化剂10～50份、胺类硅烷偶联剂1～5份、硅灰40～80份、石英砂60～120份。
进一步的，步骤5中，所述底漆由以下重量分数比的原料组成：纳米丙烯酸树脂乳液100份、纳米TiO210～30份、2500目滑石粉90～70份、蒸馏水70～130份、防冻剂10～30份、成膜助剂3～10份、防沉剂3～8份、消泡剂1～3份、分散剂0.5～2.0份、润湿剂0.1～1.0份。
进一步的，步骤5中，采用辊刷进行辊涂施工。
进一步的，步骤6中，采用辊刷进行辊涂氟碳漆施工。
本发明的有益效果为：
1、采用的裂缝切槽与基面处理技术施工效率高、处理效果好，有利于基础混凝土与修复材料的粘接；
2、环氧界面胶能够使基础混凝土与嵌缝材料聚脲密封胶良好的结合在一起，避免混凝土与聚脲材料从接触面发生开裂、剥落；
3、聚脲密封胶具有优异的耐候性能和一定的弹性伸长率，可以适应混凝土裂缝的伸缩变形，同时聚脲密封胶与混凝土相近的色调有利于混凝土整体色调的一致性；
4、采用的底漆以纳米丙烯酸乳液、纳米级颜料、超细填料为主要原料，材料粒径超细，在调整混凝土色调的同时，能够渗透到非裂缝处理区域的混凝土内部，填充混凝土内部的毛细孔，防止外界破坏因子侵入混凝土内部造成混凝土老化、破坏以及返碱现象，同时提高了混凝土的抗渗性；
5、弹性氟碳漆具有优异的耐老化性能，同时具有一定的弹性伸长率。施工后可以明显提高混凝土的耐久性，又可以适应聚脲密封胶由于温差变化造成的弹性形变。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施方式，对本发明作进一步的说明。
实施例一
所述施工方法，(1)裂缝切槽处理与基面清理：采用手钎配合电动角磨机沿裂缝走向凿出宽10～20cm、深2～3mm的矩形槽，然后采用吹风机配合电动钢丝刷清除浮尘与松动颗粒。
(2)涂刷环氧界面胶：采用三角铲配合毛刷将环氧界面胶均匀的涂抹于矩形槽内，保证涂抹效果密实平整，无遗漏，不流淌。为了保证对基础混凝土的封闭、与聚脲的粘接效果，材料施工厚度为0.5～1.0mm。
所述的环氧界面胶由以下重量分数比的原料组成：环氧树脂100份、多官能度活性稀释剂10～20份、聚酰胺固化剂10～50份、脂环胺固化剂10～50份、胺类硅烷偶联剂1～5份、硅灰40～80份、石英砂60～120份。
(3)嵌填聚脲密封胶：在环氧界面胶表干后，将聚脲密封胶嵌填于矩形槽内，保证基面平整、光洁，与混凝土基面齐平。为了提高施工功效、保证施工质量，采用单组份聚脲密封胶，材料的弹性伸长率为200％～250％，施工厚度为1～2mm。
(4)混凝土基面清理：采用电动钢丝刷对混凝土基面进行清理，去除松动颗粒，除去浮尘。
(5)底漆施工：清理干净后，将底漆与清水按1:1～5比例混合均匀，采用喷涂机(或辊刷)进行喷涂(或辊涂)施工。
所述的底漆有以下重量分数比的原料组成：纳米丙烯酸树脂乳液100份、纳米TiO210～30份、2500目滑石粉90～70份、蒸馏水70～130份、防冻剂10～30份、成膜助剂3～10份、防沉剂3～8份、消泡剂1～3份、分散剂0.5～2.0份、润湿剂0.1～1.0份。
(6)弹性氟碳漆施工：清理干净后，将弹性氟碳漆与清水按1：1～3混合均匀，采用喷涂机(或辊刷)进行喷涂(或辊刷)施工。为了保证与聚脲密封胶的形变一致性，采用弹性伸长率为200％～250％的弹性氟碳漆，为了保证混凝土表观质量，应使弹性氟碳漆的色调接近基础混凝土色调。
本发明并不限于上述实施方式，在不背离本发明实质内容的情况下，本领域技术人员可以想到的任何变形、改进、替换均落入本发明的保护范围。

Claims (5)

1.一种提高混凝土的表观质量和性能的施工方法，其特征在于，包括，
(1)裂缝切槽处理与基面清理：采用手钎配合电动角磨机沿裂缝走向凿出宽10～20cm、深2～3mm的矩形槽，然后采用吹风机配合电动钢丝刷清除浮尘与松动颗粒；
(2)涂刷环氧界面胶：采用三角铲配合毛刷将环氧界面胶均匀的涂抹于矩形槽内，材料施工厚度为0.5～1.0mm；
(3)嵌填聚脲密封胶：在环氧界面胶表干后，将聚脲密封胶嵌填于矩形槽内，采用单组份聚脲密封胶，材料的弹性伸长率为200％～250％，施工厚度为1～2mm；
(4)混凝土基面清理：采用电动钢丝刷对混凝土基面进行清理，去除松动颗粒，除去浮尘；
(5)底漆施工：清理干净后，将底漆与清水按1:1～5比例混合均匀，采用喷涂机进行喷涂施工；
(6)弹性氟碳漆施工：清理干净后，将弹性氟碳漆与清水按1：1～3混合均匀，采用喷涂机进行喷涂施工，采用弹性伸长率为200％～250％的弹性氟碳漆。
2.根据权利要求1所述的施工方法，其特征在于，步骤2中，所述环氧界面胶由以下重量分数比的原料组成：环氧树脂100份、多官能度活性稀释剂10～20份、聚酰胺固化剂10～50份、脂环胺固化剂10～50份、胺类硅烷偶联剂1～5份、硅灰40～80份、石英砂60～120份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的施工方法，其特征在于，步骤5中，所述底漆由以下重量分数比的原料组成：纳米丙烯酸树脂乳液100份、纳米TiO210～30份、2500目滑石粉90～70份、蒸馏水70～130份、防冻剂10～30份、成膜助剂3～10份、防沉剂3～8份、消泡剂1～3份、分散剂0.5～2.0份、润湿剂0.1～1.0份。
4.根据权利要求1所述的施工方法，其特征在于，步骤5中，采用辊刷进行辊涂底漆施工。
5.根据权利要求1所述的施工方法，其特征在于，步骤6中，采用辊刷进行辊涂氟碳漆施工。
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