CN107176639B - Humidification condensing type sea water desalination device - Google Patents
Humidification condensing type sea water desalination device Download PDFInfo
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- CN107176639B CN107176639B CN201710590947.6A CN201710590947A CN107176639B CN 107176639 B CN107176639 B CN 107176639B CN 201710590947 A CN201710590947 A CN 201710590947A CN 107176639 B CN107176639 B CN 107176639B
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- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 80
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 59
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- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 38
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- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
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- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims description 17
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- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011033 desalting Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
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- 241000282414 Homo sapiens Species 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
- C02F1/14—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation using solar energy
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
- C02F1/043—Details
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
- H02J7/35—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering with light sensitive cells
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/08—Seawater, e.g. for desalination
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
- C02F2201/009—Apparatus with independent power supply, e.g. solar cells, windpower or fuel cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
- Y02A20/138—Water desalination using renewable energy
- Y02A20/142—Solar thermal; Photovoltaics
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/20—Controlling water pollution; Waste water treatment
- Y02A20/208—Off-grid powered water treatment
- Y02A20/212—Solar-powered wastewater sewage treatment, e.g. spray evaporation
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
- Y02B10/10—Photovoltaic [PV]
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Water, Waste Water Or Sewage (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a humidifying condensing type seawater desalination device, which comprises a seawater desalination box body, wherein the seawater desalination box body sequentially comprises a heat dissipation chamber, a condensation chamber and an evaporation chamber from top to bottom, the condensation chamber is communicated with the evaporation chamber, a semiconductor refrigeration mechanism is arranged at the boundary of the heat dissipation chamber and the condensation chamber, the hot end of the semiconductor refrigeration mechanism is positioned in the heat dissipation chamber, the cold end of the semiconductor refrigeration mechanism is positioned in the condensation chamber, the hot end of the semiconductor refrigeration mechanism is connected with a semiconductor heating module through a heat dissipation bottom plate, the cold end of the cold end is connected with the semiconductor refrigeration module through a cold conduction bottom plate, a fresh water collection device is arranged below the semiconductor refrigeration module in the condensation chamber and is communicated with a fresh water tank, an air inlet and an air outlet communicated with the air inlet are formed in the position of the semiconductor heating module on the heat dissipation chamber, an air duct communicated with the air outlet is formed in the evaporation chamber, and a hot seawater inlet and a strong brine discharge hole are formed in the evaporation chamber. The humidifying condensing type seawater desalting device is compact in structure and convenient to use for household.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of seawater desalination, in particular to a humidifying and condensing type seawater desalination device.
Background
Although the earth has 71 percent of area to cover water, fresh water which can be utilized by human beings only occupies 0.26 percent of the total water quantity of the ball, most of the fresh water is saline water which can not be drunk, and many countries face the problem of water resource shortage, so the seawater desalination technology becomes a common method for developing auxiliary water sources in many countries and regions.
The solar energy has the characteristics of reproducibility, wide distribution and no pollution, and a great number of coastal water-deficient countries such as Saudi Arabia, iran and the like have sufficient solar energy resources, so that the solar energy is widely applied to the field of seawater desalination at present.
At present, common solar heat collectors are divided into a light-gathering type and a non-light-gathering type, the scale is small, a distributed device is generally of the non-light-gathering type, the flat plate type solar heat collector is most widely applied, and a vacuum tube type heat collector is greatly developed in recent years.
When direct current passes through the semiconductor chilling plate, one end of the semiconductor chilling plate releases heat and the other end absorbs heat according to the Peltier effect. The semiconductor refrigerating sheet has the advantages of small volume, controllable temperature, integration of refrigerating and heating functions and the like, and is applied to the fields of laboratories, daily electric appliances, medical treatment and the like.
Compared with the traditional distillation method, the humidification and dehumidification type solar seawater desalination device has the advantages of higher water yield, flexible scale, better quality of the produced fresh water, lower cost, small scaling tendency and moderate operation cost. Although the evaporation chamber is separated from the condensation chamber to facilitate temperature control, the power consumed by the fan and the water pump is large, the device is complex, and the household use is inconvenient.
In summary, how to effectively solve the problems of the existing seawater desalination device, such as complexity, inconvenience for household use, etc., is a problem that needs to be solved urgently by the technical personnel in the field at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a humidifying condensing type seawater desalting device which is compact in structure and convenient to use for household.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a humidification condensing sea water desalination device, includes from last to the sea water desalination box that includes heat dissipation chamber, condensation chamber, evaporating chamber in proper order down, the condensation chamber with the evaporating chamber intercommunication, the heat dissipation chamber with the boundary department of condensation chamber is provided with semiconductor refrigeration mechanism, semiconductor refrigeration mechanism's hot junction is located in the heat dissipation chamber and the cold junction is located in the condensation chamber, the hot junction passes through radiating bottom plate and is connected with semiconductor heating module, the cold junction is connected with semiconductor refrigeration module through leading cold bottom plate, be located in the condensation chamber the below of semiconductor refrigeration module is equipped with fresh water collection device, fresh water collection device and fresh water tank intercommunication, on the heat dissipation chamber semiconductor heating module's position department seted up the air intake and with the air outlet of air intake intercommunication, be equipped with on the evaporating chamber with the wind channel of air outlet intercommunication, hot sea water import, strong brine discharge hole have been seted up on the evaporating chamber.
Preferably, the side surfaces of the heat dissipation chamber and the condensation chamber are also provided with small cavities, air inlet holes of the small cavities are located between the cold guide bottom plate and the cold guide fins and communicated with the condensation chamber, and air outlet holes of the small cavities are located above the heat dissipation chamber and communicated with the heat dissipation chamber.
Preferably, the semiconductor heating module at least comprises two groups of semiconductor heating modules, each semiconductor heating module comprises a heat pipe embedded in the heat dissipation base plate and a heat dissipation fin arranged on the heat pipe, the air inlet is formed in one group of semiconductor heating modules, the air outlet is formed in the other group of semiconductor heating modules, and the heights of the air inlet and the air outlet are consistent with the heights of the heat dissipation fins.
Preferably, the semiconductor refrigeration module comprises a plurality of cold guide fin columns extending out of the lower end of the cold guide bottom plate and a plurality of cold guide fins arranged between the cold guide fin columns, and the cold guide fins are net-shaped hexagonal fins.
Preferably, the semiconductor refrigeration mechanism comprises 4-12 groups of semiconductor refrigeration sheets, the upper surface and the lower surface of the semiconductor refrigeration mechanism are respectively tightly attached to the heat dissipation bottom plate and the cold guide bottom plate, heat insulation cotton is placed in a gap between the heat dissipation bottom plate and the cold guide bottom plate, the heat dissipation bottom plate is directly contacted with the inner wall of the seawater desalination box body, and a heat insulation gasket is arranged at the joint of the cold guide bottom plate and the inner wall of the seawater desalination box body.
Preferably, the fresh water collecting device comprises a plurality of fresh water collecting tanks arranged below the cold guide fins and fresh water tanks arranged below the fresh water collecting tanks, the fresh water collecting tanks are arranged in an inclined manner, one relatively higher end of each fresh water collecting tank is directly in contact with the inner wall of the seawater desalination tank body, the other relatively lower end of each fresh water tank is suspended, the fresh water tanks are arranged below the suspended ends of the fresh water collecting tanks, the fresh water tanks are arranged in an inclined manner, fresh water pipelines connected with the fresh water tanks are arranged at the bottoms of the lower ends of the fresh water tanks, and the fresh water pipelines are provided with U-shaped backwater bends.
Preferably, the air outlet is connected with the air duct through a fan, the fan is provided with two branch outlets, the number of the air ducts is 2, the cross section of each air duct is rectangular, and the air duct extends into the middle lower part of the evaporation chamber and is uniformly distributed with air ducts extending into the air duct in the evaporation chamber;
the strong brine discharge hole is formed in the bottom of the evaporation chamber and is connected with the discharge pipeline; and an overflow hole is formed in the middle lower part of the evaporation chamber, the overflow hole is connected with the hot seawater tank through an overflow pipeline, and a U-shaped return bend is arranged on the overflow pipeline.
Preferably, the solar energy seawater desalination device comprises a solar energy heat collector connected with an untreated seawater source, wherein the solar energy heat collector comprises a header, a heat pipe type vacuum heat collecting pipe with one end connected with the header, a reflecting plate surrounding the heat pipe type vacuum heat collecting pipe, a support supporting the header, the heat pipe type vacuum heat collecting pipe and the reflecting plate, a liquid outlet of the solar energy heat collector is connected with a hot seawater tank, the hot seawater tank is connected with a hot seawater inlet through a water pump and a hot seawater pipeline, the hot seawater pipeline extends into the upper part of the evaporation chamber, water pore passages are uniformly distributed on the hot seawater pipeline, two water pore passages are arranged on the same cross section of the hot seawater pipeline, and the two water pore passages respectively form a 45 degrees angle with a vertical line.
Preferably, the cross section of the seawater desalination box body is in a right trapezoid shape, the top surface of the seawater desalination box body is an inclined surface, the difference between the local latitude and the included angle between the inclined surface and the horizontal plane is less than or equal to +/-2 degrees, and the solar heat collector is mounted on the inclined surface at the top of the seawater desalination box body.
Preferably, the solar photovoltaic power generation device comprises a solar photovoltaic power generation module, wherein the solar photovoltaic power generation module comprises a solar photovoltaic power generation plate, a controller connected with the solar photovoltaic power generation plate, and a storage battery connected with the controller, and the storage battery is connected with the fan, the water pump and the semiconductor refrigeration piece.
The humidifying condensing type seawater desalting device provided by the invention comprises a seawater desalting box body, wherein the seawater desalting box body sequentially comprises a heat dissipation chamber, a condensation chamber and an evaporation chamber from top to bottom, the condensation chamber is communicated with the evaporation chamber, and a semiconductor refrigerating mechanism is arranged at the boundary of the heat dissipation chamber and the condensation chamber. The hot end of the semiconductor refrigerating mechanism is positioned in the heat dissipation chamber and is connected with the semiconductor heating module through the heat dissipation bottom plate. The cold end of the semiconductor refrigerating mechanism is positioned in the condensing chamber, and the cold end is connected with the semiconductor refrigerating module through the cold guide bottom plate. The semiconductor refrigeration mechanism is positioned at the middle upper part of the seawater desalination box body and divides the seawater desalination box body into two parts, the hot end of the semiconductor refrigeration mechanism is positioned at the upper part of the seawater desalination box body, and the cold end, the evaporation chamber and the condensation chamber of the semiconductor refrigeration mechanism are positioned at the lower part of the seawater desalination box body. And a fresh water collecting device is arranged below the semiconductor refrigeration module in the condensation chamber and is communicated with the fresh water tank. The position department of module is heated at the semiconductor on the heat dissipation room is seted up the air intake and is communicate with the air outlet of air intake, is equipped with the wind channel with the air outlet intercommunication on the evaporation chamber, has seted up hot sea water import and strong brine discharge hole on the evaporation chamber, and hot sea water gets into the evaporation chamber from hot sea water import, and strong brine is discharged from strong brine discharge hole.
The humidifying condensing type seawater desalination device provided by the invention applies the heat-moisture exchange principle that air is directly contacted with the water surface, utilizes the semiconductor heating module at the hot end of the semiconductor refrigerating sheet of the semiconductor refrigerating mechanism to heat the air, takes away the heat of the semiconductor heating module, and leads the heated air into the evaporation chamber. The heating sea water that gets into the evaporating chamber contacts with hot and dry air and carries out heat and moisture exchange, takes away the vapor in the hot sea water, and evaporating chamber and condensing chamber directly communicate constitutes integratively, and the sea water that salt concentration is high is discharged from strong brine discharge hole, and warm and humid air rises and gets into the condensing chamber, and the condensation liquefaction is gone down in the semiconductor refrigeration module effect of cold junction, changes into fresh water into, and fresh water instils into the fresh water collection device of the below of semiconductor refrigeration module and collects. The humidifying condensing type seawater desalination device has a compact structure, effectively simplifies the seawater desalination device, and is convenient for household use; the efficiency is higher, improves the water production efficiency, can continuously and automatically operate, and is particularly suitable for coastal areas with sufficient sunlight.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a humidification condensing type seawater desalination apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a front view of the seawater desalination tank of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a side view of the seawater desalination tank of FIG. 1;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the cooling fin of fig. 2.
The drawings are numbered as follows:
101-solar photovoltaic power generation board, 102-controller, 103-storage battery, 104-header, 105-heat pipe type evacuated solar collector tube, 106-water pump, 107-hot sea water tank, 108-sea water desalination tank, 109-fresh water tank, 110-fan, 201-heat dissipation fin, 202-heat pipe, 203-heat dissipation bottom plate, 204-air outlet, 205-semiconductor refrigeration mechanism, 206-cold conduction bottom plate, 207-cold conduction fin column, 208-cold conduction fin, 209-fresh water collection tank, 210-fresh water tank, 211-fresh water pipeline, 212-hot sea water pipeline, 213-air channel, 214-air channel, 215-concentrated brine discharge hole, 216-small cavity, 217-heat dissipation chamber, 218-condensation chamber, 219-evaporation chamber, 220-air outlet hole, 221-air inlet hole, 301-overflow hole and 302-overflow pipeline.
Detailed Description
The core of the invention is to provide a humidifying condensing type seawater desalination device which has compact structure and is convenient for household use.
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a humidification condensing type seawater desalination device according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 2 is a front view of the seawater desalination tank of FIG. 1; FIG. 3 is a side view of the seawater desalination tank of FIG. 1; fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the cooling fin of fig. 2.
In a specific embodiment, the humidification condensation type seawater desalination device provided by the invention comprises a seawater desalination box 108, wherein the seawater desalination box 108 sequentially comprises a heat dissipation chamber 217, a condensation chamber 218 and an evaporation chamber 219 from top to bottom, the condensation chamber 218 is communicated with the evaporation chamber 219, and a semiconductor refrigeration mechanism 205 is arranged at a boundary between the heat dissipation chamber 217 and the condensation chamber 218. The hot end of the semiconductor refrigerating mechanism 205 is positioned in the heat dissipation chamber 217, and the hot end is connected with the semiconductor heating module through the heat dissipation bottom plate 203. The cold end of the semiconductor refrigeration mechanism 205 is located in the condensation chamber 218, and the cold end is connected with the semiconductor refrigeration module through the cold-conducting bottom plate 206. The semiconductor refrigeration mechanism 205 is positioned at the middle upper part of the seawater desalination box 108 and divides the seawater desalination box 108 into two parts, the hot end of the semiconductor refrigeration mechanism 205 is positioned at the upper part of the seawater desalination box 108, and the cold end of the semiconductor refrigeration mechanism 205, the evaporation chamber 219 and the condensation chamber 218 are positioned at the lower part of the seawater desalination box 108. A fresh water collecting device is arranged below the semiconductor refrigeration module in the condensation chamber 218 and is communicated with the fresh water tank 109. An air inlet and an air outlet 204 communicated with the air inlet are formed in the position of the semiconductor heating module on the heat dissipation chamber 217, an air duct 214 communicated with the air outlet 204 is formed in the evaporation chamber 219, a hot seawater inlet and a concentrated brine discharge hole 215 are formed in the evaporation chamber 219, hot seawater enters the evaporation chamber 219 from the hot seawater inlet, and concentrated brine is discharged from the concentrated brine discharge hole 215.
The humidification condensing type seawater desalination device provided by the invention applies the heat and humidity exchange principle that air is directly contacted with the water surface, utilizes the semiconductor heating module at the hot end of the semiconductor refrigerating sheet of the semiconductor refrigerating mechanism 205 to heat the air, takes away the heat of the semiconductor heating module, and leads the heated air into the evaporation chamber 219. The heated seawater that gets into evaporating chamber 219 contacts with hot and dry air and carries out heat and moisture exchange, takes away the vapor in the hot seawater, and evaporating chamber 219 and condensing chamber 218 direct intercommunication constitute an organic whole, and the sea water that salt concentration is high is discharged from strong brine discharge hole 215, and warm and humid air rises and gets into condensing chamber 218, and the condensation liquefaction is gone into to the semiconductor refrigeration module effect of cold junction, changes into fresh water, and fresh water drips into the fresh water collection device of the below of semiconductor refrigeration module and collects. The humidifying condensing type seawater desalination device has a compact structure, effectively simplifies the seawater desalination device, and is convenient for household use; the efficiency is higher, improves the water production efficiency, can continuously and automatically operate, and is particularly suitable for coastal areas with sufficient sunlight.
The humidification condensation type seawater desalination device is only a preferred scheme, and is not particularly limited to the humidification condensation type seawater desalination device, and on the basis, targeted adjustment can be performed according to actual needs, so that different embodiments are obtained, the side surfaces of the heat dissipation chamber 217 and the condensation chamber 218 are further provided with small cavities 216, and the small cavities 216 are formed by taking part of the side wall of the seawater desalination box 108 as a boundary and are communicated with the heat dissipation chamber 217 and the condensation chamber 218. The air inlet hole 221 of the small cavity 216 is located between the cooling guide bottom plate 206 and the cooling guide fins 208, and is communicated with the condensing chamber 218. The air outlet 220 of the small cavity 216 is located above the heat dissipation chamber 217 and is communicated with the heat dissipation chamber 217. Part of the non-liquefied warm and humid air enters the small cavity 216 from the condensation chamber 218, and the air enters the heat dissipation chamber 217 from the small cavity 216, so that the air is recycled, and the air is effectively utilized.
On the basis of the above specific embodiment, a person skilled in the art can make a plurality of changes to the humidification condensation type seawater desalination device according to different specific situations, the humidification condensation type seawater desalination device at least comprises two groups of semiconductor heating modules, each semiconductor heating module comprises a heat pipe 202 and a heat dissipation fin 201, the heat pipe 202 is embedded in a heat dissipation bottom plate 203, the heat dissipation fins 201 are installed on the heat pipe 202, the heat pipe 202 can be a copper pipe, the heat dissipation fins 201 can be an aluminum heat dissipation fin group, for example, the heat dissipation fins are integrally formed by tens of stacked fins and a plurality of empty vertical aluminum pipes, and the upper ends of the heat pipes 202 are inserted into the heat dissipation fins 201. The air inlet is arranged at one group of semiconductor heating modules, the air outlet 204 is arranged at the other group of semiconductor heating modules, and the heights of the air inlet and the air outlet 204 are consistent with those of the radiating fins 201, so that air can be heated better, dry and hot air can be obtained, and the efficiency is improved.
Obviously, under the guidance of this idea, those skilled in the art can make several changes to the above embodiments according to different situations, and the semiconductor refrigeration module includes a plurality of cold guiding fins 207 and cold guiding fins 208, and the number of the cold guiding fins 207 is plural, and is generally circular, and extends out of the lower end of the cold guiding bottom plate 206. The cold guide fins 208 are divided into a plurality of blocks and are arranged between the cold guide fin columns 207, that is, the cold end of the semiconductor refrigeration mechanism 205 is tightly attached to the top of the condensation chamber 218, and the middle part of the semiconductor refrigeration mechanism is used for heat conduction by a heat conduction graphite sheet; the top of the condensing chamber 218 extends downward to form the cooling fins 207, and the cooling fins 207 are inserted into the corrugated cooling fins 208. The cold guide fins 208 are mesh hexagonal fins, and are simple in structure and easy to guide cold.
It should be noted that the humidifying and condensing seawater desalination apparatus provided by the present invention should not be limited to this case, and the semiconductor refrigeration mechanism 205 includes 4 to 12 groups of semiconductor refrigeration sheets, and the specific number is not limited and can be determined according to the actual application. The semiconductor cooling fins may be uniformly distributed between the heat dissipation bottom plate 203 and the cold conduction bottom plate 206, or may be non-uniformly distributed. The upper surface and the lower surface of the semiconductor refrigerating mechanism 205 are respectively tightly attached to the heat dissipation bottom plate 203 and the cold conduction bottom plate 206, the hot end of the semiconductor refrigerating sheet is tightly attached to the heat dissipation bottom plate 203, and the heat is conducted by the heat conduction graphite sheet in the middle. Heat insulation cotton is placed in a gap between the heat dissipation bottom plate 203 and the cold conduction bottom plate 206 for heat insulation. The heat dissipation bottom plate 203 is in direct contact with the inner wall of the seawater desalination box 108, and the joint of the cold conduction bottom plate 206 and the inner wall of the seawater desalination box 108 is provided with a heat insulation gasket, so that heat is easy to conduct, and cold is not easy to conduct.
According to the humidification condensation type seawater desalination device provided by the invention, under the condition that other components are not changed, the fresh water collection device comprises a fresh water collection tank 209 and a fresh water tank 210, wherein a plurality of fresh water collection tanks 209, such as three fresh water collection tanks, are arranged below the cold guide fins 208, such as the lower ends of the adjacent cold guide fins 208, and are used for collecting fresh water at different positions. The fresh water tank 210 is disposed below the fresh water collecting tank 209, collects fresh water in the fresh water tank 210, and the fresh water tank 210 is connected to the fresh water tank 109. Preferably, fresh water collecting tank 209 slope sets up, and the one end that is higher relatively is directly connected with the contact of sea water desalination box 108 inner wall, and lower one end is unsettled relatively, and fresh water tank 210 sets up in the below of fresh water collecting tank 209 suspension end, and fresh water tank 210 slope sets up, and the bottom of lower one end is equipped with the fresh water pipeline 211 of being connected with fresh water tank 109, and easy fresh water drips, the convenient collection. The fresh water pipeline 211 is provided with a U-shaped return bend to ensure the sealing of the seawater desalination box 108.
For the humidification condensation type seawater desalination device in each of the above embodiments, the air outlet 204 is connected to the air duct 214 through the fan 110, the fan 110 has two outflow ports, the number of the air ducts 214 is 2, the cross section of the air duct 214 is rectangular, one end of the air duct is communicated with the heat dissipation chamber 217 at the upper part of the seawater desalination box 108, and the other end of the air duct is driven by the fan 110 to extend into the middle lower part of the evaporation chamber 219. The length of the middle lower part of the air duct 214 extending into the evaporation chamber 219 is not limited, and air duct channels are uniformly distributed on the air duct 214 extending into the evaporation chamber 219 to disperse air flow, which is not large air flow, but small air flow, and increase the area of dry hot air and the area of wet heat and moisture exchange between air and water.
For the humidification and condensation type seawater desalination apparatus in the above embodiments, the concentrated brine discharge hole 215 is opened at the bottom of the evaporation chamber 219. The strong brine discharge hole 215 is connected to a discharge pipe, so that the strong brine is easily discharged. An overflow hole 301 is arranged at the middle lower part of the evaporation chamber 219, the overflow hole 301 is connected with the hot seawater tank 107 through an overflow pipeline 302, and a U-shaped return bend is arranged on the overflow pipeline 302 to prevent backflow and ensure the sealing of the seawater desalination tank 108.
In order to further optimize the technical scheme, the system comprises a solar heat collector, wherein one end of the solar heat collector is connected with an untreated seawater source, and the other end of the solar heat collector is connected with a hot seawater inlet. The solar heat collector comprises a header 104, a heat pipe 202 type vacuum heat collecting pipe 202105, a reflecting plate and a bracket, wherein one end of the heat pipe 202 type vacuum heat collecting pipe 202105 is connected with the header 104, and the other end is sealed. The reflector plate surrounds the heat pipe 202 type evacuated collector tube 202105, and may be a CPC compound parabolic concentrator plate, and a CPC compound parabolic solar concentrator is provided to increase the collected heat. The header 104 is used for holding seawater, the vacuum heat collecting tube 202 is used for heating seawater, and the bracket supports the header 104, the heat pipe 202 type vacuum heat collecting tube 202105 and the reflecting plate.
The liquid outlet of the solar collector is connected with the hot seawater tank 107, and the hot seawater tank 107 is connected with the hot seawater inlet through the water pump 106 and the hot seawater pipeline 212. The hot seawater pipe 212 extends into the upper part of the evaporation chamber 219 and is positioned below the fresh water collecting tank 209. The hot seawater pipeline 212 is uniformly distributed with water pore channels, two water pore channels are arranged on the same section of the hot seawater pipeline 212, and the two water pore channels respectively form an angle of 45 degrees with the vertical line. The heat and moisture exchange principle that air is in direct contact with the water surface is applied, the air heated by heat dissipation of the heat dissipation fins 201 of the semiconductor refrigeration fin heat pipes 202 is utilized, seawater heated by the solar thermal collector is refined into tiny water drops through tiny water channels, the heat and moisture exchange area of the air and the water is increased, the evaporation chamber 219 is directly communicated with the condensation chamber 218 to form a whole, the seawater desalination device is effectively simplified, and the water production efficiency is improved.
On the basis of the above embodiments, the cross section of the seawater desalination tank 108 is a right trapezoid, the top of the seawater desalination tank 108 is inclined, that is, the top surface of the seawater desalination tank 108 is an inclined surface, the difference between the local latitude and the included angle between the inclined surface and the horizontal plane is less than or equal to ± 2 °, the angle between the inclined surface and the horizontal plane is approximately equal to the local latitude, and the angle between the inclined surface and the horizontal plane is usually 20 ° to 30 °, for example, the south China area can be 23 °. The solar heat collector is arranged on the inclined plane at the top of the seawater desalination box 108 to reduce the occupied area and save the space.
Another inventive idea provided by the present invention is that the solar photovoltaic power generation module is included, the solar photovoltaic power generation module includes a solar photovoltaic power generation panel 101, a controller 102 and a storage battery 103, and the solar photovoltaic power generation panel 101 is a single crystalline silicon solar panel. The controller 102 is connected with the solar photovoltaic power generation panel 101, the storage battery 103 is connected with the controller 102, and the storage battery 103 is connected with the fan 110, the water pump 106 and the semiconductor refrigeration piece to provide electric energy for the fan 110, the water pump 106 and the semiconductor refrigeration piece.
It should be noted that the seawater purification device herein refers to a seawater purification device including a water pump 106, a hot seawater tank 107, a seawater desalination tank 108, a semiconductor refrigeration device, a fresh water tank 109, and a fan 110, and the semiconductor refrigeration device includes a heat dissipation fin 201, a heat pipe 202, a heat dissipation bottom plate 203, an air duct 214, a semiconductor refrigeration mechanism 205, a cold conduction bottom plate 206, a cold conduction fin column 207, and a cold conduction fin 208.
When the solar photovoltaic power generation device works, firstly, the solar photovoltaic power generation panel 101 generates power, the controller 102 ensures that the input voltage of the storage battery 103 is constant, the storage battery 103 is charged, and power is supplied to the semiconductor refrigeration mechanism 205, the water pump 106 and the fan 110 through a circuit. According to the peltier effect, the semiconductor cooling device 205 heats the hot end and cools the cold end. The heat at the hot end is sequentially transferred to the heat dissipation bottom plate 203, the heat pipe 202 and the heat dissipation fins 201, and because the fan 110 works, the air in the heat dissipation chamber 217 flows in from the air inlet and flows out from the air outlet 204, the heat at the hot end of the semiconductor refrigeration mechanism 205 is transferred to the air in a heat dissipation mode of the heat pipe 202, and the dry hot air is blown out from the micro air hole channel 213 through the air channel 214 and the fan 110; sunlight is focused by the CPC and irradiated on the heat absorption plate of the heat pipe 202 type vacuum heat collection pipe 202105, working media in the heat pipe 202 are vaporized and rise to the header 104 to heat seawater, the heated seawater flows into the hot seawater tank 107 through a pipeline, the hot seawater in the hot seawater tank 107 is pumped into the hot seawater pipeline 212 of the box evaporation chamber 219 by the water pump 106 and passes through a tiny water pore channel on the hot seawater pipeline 212, and the hot seawater is refined into tiny water drops to be sprayed. The hot and dry air blown out from the fine air hole 213 exchanges heat and moisture with the fine water droplets blown out from the hot seawater pipe 212 in the evaporation chamber 219. The thinning of the seawater increases the area of the air boundary layer around the seawater, and because of expansion and contraction, the dry hot air below the evaporation chamber 219 moves to the condensation chamber 218 to carry away the water vapor around the water drop boundary layer, and the water vapor concentration difference between the water drop and the boundary layer makes the water vapor transferred from the water drop to the boundary layer. The air after moisture heat and moisture exchange rises to the condensation chamber 218, the cold at the cold end of the semiconductor is transmitted to the cold guide fins 208 through the cold guide bottom plate 206 and the cold guide fin column 207, the wave-shaped cold guide fins 208 increase the condensation area, and the possibility that the condensed water falls back to the evaporation chamber 219 is reduced. When the damp and hot air passes through the small holes of the cold guide fins 208, the water vapor is condensed, and due to the gravity, the condensed water drops to the fresh water collecting tank 209, then to the fresh water tank 210, the fresh water pipeline 211, and finally to the fresh water tank 109. The dry and cold air passing through the small holes passes through the air inlet hole 221, the small cavity 216 and the air outlet hole 220 to return to the heat dissipation chamber 217. The unevaporated seawater falls to the bottom of the evaporation chamber 219 where it evaporates naturally and when the bottom seawater accumulates to a certain height, it begins to flow back from the overflow hole 301 to the hot seawater tank 107. Periodically opening the strong brine discharge hole 215 to discharge strong brine to the outside.
The invention controls the temperature of the condensing chamber 218 and the semiconductor refrigeration sheet radiating chamber 217 by adjusting the voltage of the semiconductor refrigeration mechanism 205, ensures the low temperature condition required by water vapor condensation, and improves the water vapor condensation efficiency. The heat-radiating air at the hot end is used for carrying out damp-heat-damp exchange with the seawater, so that the fresh water yield is high. Meanwhile, the semiconductor refrigeration mechanism 205 is utilized to integrate the evaporation chamber 219 and the condensation chamber 218, which does not affect the efficiency of seawater desalination and simplifies the device structure. The solar energy heat-preservation system completely supplies energy required by the maintenance work by solar energy, and is green and environment-friendly.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms up, down, and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, which are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and operate, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the present specification, the embodiments are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (9)
1. The humidifying and condensing type seawater desalination device is characterized by comprising a seawater desalination box body (108) which sequentially comprises a heat dissipation chamber (217), a condensation chamber (218) and an evaporation chamber (219) from top to bottom, wherein the condensation chamber (218) is communicated with the evaporation chamber (219), a semiconductor refrigeration mechanism (205) is arranged at the boundary of the heat dissipation chamber (217) and the condensation chamber (218), the hot end of the semiconductor refrigeration mechanism (205) is positioned in the heat dissipation chamber (217), the cold end of the semiconductor refrigeration mechanism is positioned in the condensation chamber (218), the hot end of the semiconductor refrigeration mechanism is connected with a semiconductor heating module through a heat dissipation bottom plate (203), the cold end of the semiconductor refrigeration module is connected with the semiconductor refrigeration module through a cold conduction bottom plate (206), a fresh water collection device is arranged below the semiconductor refrigeration module in the condensation chamber (218), the fresh water collection device is communicated with a fresh water tank (109), an air inlet and an air outlet (204) communicated with the air inlet are formed in the position of the semiconductor heating module on the heat dissipation chamber (217), a small heat dissipation chamber (217) is provided with a heat dissipation chamber (216), and a small heat conduction hole (216) and a heat conduction hole (216) are formed in the evaporation chamber (217) and a small heat conduction bottom plate (216) and a heat conduction hole (216) and a small water inlet (216) of the condensation chamber (216) which are formed in the evaporation chamber (217) and a heat conduction hole (216) And is communicated with the condensing chamber (218), and the air outlet (220) of the small cavity (216) is positioned above the heat dissipation chamber (217) and is communicated with the heat dissipation chamber (217).
2. The humidification and condensation type seawater desalination device of claim 1, comprising at least two groups of semiconductor heating modules, wherein the semiconductor heating modules comprise heat pipes (202) embedded in the heat dissipation bottom plate (203), and heat dissipation fins (201) mounted on the heat pipes (202), the air inlet is opened at one group of the semiconductor heating modules, the air outlet (204) is opened at the other group of the semiconductor heating modules, and the heights of the air inlet and the air outlet (204) are consistent with the heights of the heat dissipation fins (201).
3. The humidification and condensation type seawater desalination device of claim 2, wherein the semiconductor refrigeration module comprises a plurality of cooling guiding fins (207) extending out of the lower end of the cooling guiding bottom plate (206), and a plurality of cooling guiding fins (208) arranged between the cooling guiding fins (207), wherein the cooling guiding fins (208) are mesh hexagonal fins.
4. The humidification condensation type seawater desalination device of claim 3, wherein the semiconductor refrigeration mechanism (205) comprises 4-12 groups of semiconductor refrigeration sheets, the upper surface and the lower surface of the semiconductor refrigeration mechanism (205) are respectively tightly attached to the heat dissipation bottom plate (203) and the cold conduction bottom plate (206), heat insulation cotton is placed in a gap between the heat dissipation bottom plate (203) and the cold conduction bottom plate (206), the heat dissipation bottom plate (203) is in direct contact with the inner wall of the seawater desalination box body (108), and a heat insulation gasket is arranged at the joint of the cold conduction bottom plate (206) and the inner wall of the seawater desalination box body (108).
5. The humidification condensation type seawater desalination device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the fresh water collection device comprises a plurality of fresh water collection tanks (209) disposed below the cooling fins (208) and fresh water tanks (210) disposed below the fresh water collection tanks (209), the fresh water collection tanks (209) are disposed in an inclined manner, one relatively higher end of each fresh water collection tank is directly connected with the inner wall of the seawater desalination tank body (108) in a contact manner, one relatively lower end of each fresh water tank is suspended, the fresh water tanks (210) are disposed below the suspended end of the fresh water collection tanks (209), the fresh water tanks (210) are disposed in an inclined manner, the bottom of the lower end of each fresh water tank is provided with a fresh water pipeline (211) connected with the fresh water tank (109), and the fresh water pipelines (211) are provided with U-shaped backwater bends.
6. The humidification condensation type seawater desalination device of claim 5, wherein the air outlet (204) is connected to the air duct (214) by a fan (110), the fan (110) has two branch outlets, the number of the air ducts (214) is 2, the cross section of the air duct (214) is rectangular, the air duct (214) extends into the middle lower part of the evaporation chamber (219), and air ducts are uniformly distributed on the air duct (214) extending into the evaporation chamber (219);
the strong brine discharge hole (215) is formed in the bottom of the evaporation chamber (219), and the strong brine discharge hole (215) is connected with a discharge pipeline; an overflow hole (301) is formed in the middle lower portion of the evaporation chamber (219), the overflow hole (301) is connected with the hot seawater tank (107) through an overflow pipeline (302), and a U-shaped return bend is arranged on the overflow pipeline (302).
7. The humidification condensation type seawater desalination device of claim 6, comprising a solar thermal collector connected to an untreated seawater source, wherein the solar thermal collector comprises a header (104), heat pipe (202) type evacuated solar collector tubes (202) (105) with one end connected to the header (104), a reflector plate surrounding the heat pipe (202) type evacuated solar collector tubes (202) (105), and a bracket supporting the header (104), the heat pipe (202) type evacuated solar collector tubes (202) (105) and the reflector plate, wherein a liquid outlet of the solar thermal collector is connected to a hot seawater tank (107), the hot seawater tank (107) is connected to the hot seawater inlet through a water pump (106) and a hot seawater pipeline (212), the hot seawater pipeline (212) extends into the upper part of the evaporation chamber (219), water channels are uniformly distributed on the hot seawater pipeline (212), two water channels are arranged on the same cross section of the hot seawater pipeline (212), and the two water channels respectively form a 45 ° angle with a vertical line.
8. The humidification and condensation type seawater desalination device of claim 7, wherein the cross section of the seawater desalination tank (108) is a right trapezoid, the top surface of the seawater desalination tank (108) is an inclined surface, the difference between the local latitude and the included angle between the inclined surface and the horizontal plane is less than or equal to ± 2 °, and the solar heat collector is mounted on the inclined surface at the top of the seawater desalination tank (108).
9. The humidification condensation type seawater desalination device of claim 7, comprising a solar photovoltaic power generation module, wherein the solar photovoltaic power generation module comprises a solar photovoltaic power generation panel (101), a controller (102) connected with the solar photovoltaic power generation panel (101), and a storage battery (103) connected with the controller (102), and the storage battery (103) is connected with the fan (110), the water pump (106), and the semiconductor refrigeration sheet.
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| CN109092006B (en) * | 2018-10-15 | 2020-12-04 | 江苏蚨瑞盛达医疗器械有限公司 | Mercury vapor protection inspection cover of electrolytic salt industrial wastewater treatment tank |
| CN109574112A (en) * | 2018-12-20 | 2019-04-05 | 河海大学 | A kind of zigzag saline-water reclamation collection box |
| CN110642319B (en) * | 2019-09-09 | 2022-09-02 | 广东工业大学 | Seawater desalination system |
| CN110510692B (en) * | 2019-09-27 | 2024-07-19 | 广东工业大学 | Seawater desalination system |
| CN112299515B (en) * | 2020-10-23 | 2022-02-15 | 中国矿业大学 | Solar seawater desalination device capable of realizing fresh water-salt-electricity cogeneration and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN113562799A (en) * | 2021-04-19 | 2021-10-29 | 广东顺德中午电器制造有限公司 | Distilled water extraction device |
| CN114876005B (en) * | 2022-05-11 | 2024-08-06 | 上海海事大学 | Device and method for achieving air water taking and sea water desalination based on semiconductor refrigeration |
| CN114604923B (en) * | 2022-05-16 | 2022-07-26 | 广东海洋大学 | Photothermal-photoelectric integrated heat collecting pipe seawater desalting device |
| CN115259263B (en) * | 2022-08-02 | 2022-12-16 | 东和恩泰热能技术(江苏)有限公司 | Efficient and energy-saving new energy sea water desalination device |
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