CN107173553A - A kind of TRM pellet and its production and use - Google Patents
A kind of TRM pellet and its production and use Download PDFInfo
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- CN107173553A CN107173553A CN201610133391.3A CN201610133391A CN107173553A CN 107173553 A CN107173553 A CN 107173553A CN 201610133391 A CN201610133391 A CN 201610133391A CN 107173553 A CN107173553 A CN 107173553A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of TRM pellet and its production and use, wherein, TRM pellet includes following components, and the content of each component is as follows in terms of weight percentage：Fine fodder 59~75%；Coarse fodder 24~40%；Premix 0.8~1.2%.The coarse-fine collocation of the TRM pellet, granulation uniformity is good, and nutrition is balanced, rich in protein, fiber, vitamin and trace element, can avoid that calf is particular about food, have loose bowels, and promotes the development and growth of calf cud, prevents the diseases such as foreign body pneumonia；The situation that hay is wasted in traditional feed mode is avoided simultaneously, and feeding is convenient, reduces cost of labor, improves pasture benefit.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of TRM pellet and its production and use, more particularly to one
Plant for TRM pellet of wean calf and its production and use.
Background technology
It is many not specifically designed for the Diet Formula of wean calf at present in most of plants at home
What is taken is the method for breeding that calf particulate material is separately fed with hay.This feed mode easily causes calf
The phenomenon such as ox is particular about food, have loose bowels, is unfavorable for the development and growth of calf cud；And hay powder is in feeding mistake
Easily it is directly sucked in journey by calf and causes foreign body pneumonia, so as to brings huge economic damage to pasture
Lose.
Further, since the foliage portion of forage is easily crisp, rotten after air-drying, the blade of grass after transport, processing
Part largely becomes powder, is greatly loss, a waste, increase feeding cost to forage；
Meanwhile, the feed mode separately fed also increases the workload of workman, adds cost of labor.
The content of the invention
Present invention seek to address that problem as described above.It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of TRM
Pellet and its production and use, the TRM pellet was mainly for 3 to 6 months
Monthly age weans the feeding of calf, including fine fodder, coarse fodder, premix etc., and each component is size-reduced, after mixing
It is made；The coarse-fine collocation of the TRM pellet, granulation uniformity is good, and nutrition is balanced, rich in egg
White matter, fiber, vitamin and trace element, can avoid that calf is particular about food, have loose bowels, and promote calf cud
Development and growth, prevent the diseases such as foreign body pneumonia；Hay wave in traditional feed mode is avoided simultaneously
Situation about taking, feeding is convenient, reduces cost of labor, improves pasture benefit.
According to an aspect of the present invention there is provided a kind of TRM pellet, the full mixing day
Grain pellet includes following components, and the content of each component is as follows in terms of weight percentage：
Fine fodder 59~75%；
Coarse fodder 24~40%；
Premix 0.8~1.2%.
Wherein, the fine fodder includes following components, and the accounting of the content of each component in the fine fodder is with weight
Amount percentage is expressed as follows：
Wherein, the fine fodder also includes the one or two of following components, and the content of each component is in the essence
Accounting in material is as follows in terms of weight percentage：
Cotton dregs 12~15%；
Corn germ cake 7~9%.
Wherein, the coarse fodder includes following components, and the accounting of the content of each component in the coarse fodder is with weight
Amount percentage is expressed as follows：
Alfalfa meal 55~70%；
Oat 30~45%.
Wherein, the premix includes following components, the accounting of the content of each component in the premix
It is as follows in terms of weight percentage：
Wherein, the TRM pellet also includes additive, and the additive is described complete mixed
It is 0~5% to close the percentage by weight in daily ration pellet；Wherein, the additive include calcium carbonate,
Calcium monohydrogen phosphate, sodium bicarbonate, magnesia, salt, wherein, the proportionate relationship of each component is 4：3：3：1：
2。
Wherein, the granular size scope of the TRM pellet is 3-6mm, what it was included
Moisture is less than 14%.
According to another aspect of the present invention there is provided a kind of preparation method of TRM pellet,
Comprise the following steps：Fine fodder, coarse fodder, premix are weighed in proportion respectively, crushed, is then mixed
Conjunction is stirred evenly, and is cured, pelletized with pelleter.
Wherein, it is further comprising the steps of：Additive is weighed, crushed, with the fine fodder, coarse fodder,
Premix mixing is stirred evenly, and is cured, pelletized with pelleter.
It is directed to 3~6 months there is provided a kind of TRM pellet according to the third aspect of the present invention
The purposes of monthly age wean calf feeding.
According to the TRM pellet of the present invention, including fine fodder, coarse fodder, premix etc., pass through
Various components are carried out with the proportioning of science, the feed being made after crushing, being sufficiently mixed, thickness is arranged in pairs or groups,
Rich in protein, fiber, vitamin, trace element etc., abundance can be provided for the growth for calf of weaning
Nutrition, it is to avoid calf occur it is particular about food, have loose bowels, infect foreign body pneumonia etc..
The content of each component is as follows in terms of weight percentage：
Fine fodder 59~75%；
Coarse fodder 24~40%；
Premix 0.8~1.2%.
It is pointed out that above-mentioned fine fodder, coarse fodder are dry, percentage by weight refer to fine fodder,
Coarse fodder is under dry state, the percentage of feed gross weight.The feed is the feeding standard according to calf
With ratio determined by the nutritional ingredient of raw material, fine fodder proportion 59~75% is sought because fine fodder is contained
Support abundant, digestibility is high, belong to high-energy feed, calf cud developmental immaturity, fine fodder content is more,
Be conducive to the development and growth of wean calf cud；But it is also required to add in feed simultaneously a certain amount of thick
Material, tempers the stomach and intestine of calf, it is to avoid the development of its cud is affected, and 0.8~1.2 is added in the feed
% premix, can supplement the vitamin and trace element required for calf grows.
Wherein, the corn included by fine fodder is main energy sources, its accounting in fine fodder in feed
For 35~45%；DDGS (trade name of vinasse albumen feed), provides fat and albumen in feed,
Lumen fermentation function can be improved there is provided by-pass protein, conversion fiber is energy, palatability and food
It is the outstanding source of the mineral matters such as phosphorus and potassium with high safety, its accounting in fine fodder is 12~20%；
Protein content in dregs of beans is at a relatively high, and is easy to digestion, and the accounting in fine fodder is 10~20%.
Rapeseed cake or a leaching rapeseed meal are rich in abundant protein, but because the digestibility of protein contained by it compares beans
The dregs of rice are poor, while content crosses conference influence feed palatability, its accounting in fine fodder is lower slightly, is 8~15%.
Wheat bran is the byproduct for producing and processing flour, is energy feed, and it is rich in crude protein, crude fibre,
Simultaneously containing abundant B family vitamin, the accounting in fine fodder is 1.5~8%, with corn, rapeseed cake etc.
Collocation, while can promote gastrointestinal peristalsis, plays the role of to come down in torrents using there is provided energy.Molasses are mainly carried
Energy supply amount, increases palatability, and the accounting in fine fodder is 3.5~6%.
In addition, fine fodder can also include one or both of cotton dregs and corn germ cake, cotton dregs are rich in egg
White matter, but its lysine digestibility is relatively relatively low, and Protein supplements are done in fine fodder, are contained in fine fodder
Measure as 12~15%；Corn germ cake is rich in crude protein and crude fibre, is that good energy supplement feed is raised
Material, the accounting in fine fodder is 7~9%.
It is pointed out that each component that above-mentioned fine fodder is included is dry, what each percentage by weight referred to
Under being each component dry state, the percentage of fine fodder gross weight.
Coarse fodder includes alfalfa meal, oat, and alfalfa meal is rich in protein, mineral matter, vitamin and biology
Active material, its protein content is higher than oat, is conducive to the development and growth of calf cud, promotes calf
Growing for ox, improves the immunity function of calf, proportion is larger in coarse fodder, is 55~70%；
Oat is except providing protein, and also rich in crude fibre, palatability is good, and dry digestibility is high, in coarse fodder
Middle proportion is 30~45%.Likewise, the alfalfa meal, oat included by coarse fodder are dry,
Percentage by weight refers to each component under dry state, the percentage of coarse fodder gross weight.
Premix mainly includes vitamin, trace element and stone flour, specifically including following components, respectively
Accounting of the content of component in the premix is as follows in terms of weight percentage：
The content of each component is comparatively fixed in premix, vitamin A, vitamin D and vitamin E
Deng multivitamin, the anti-stress ability and immunity of calf can be improved；Zinc sulfate, manganese sulfate, nothing
Brochanite, calcium iodate, cobalt chloride, sodium selenite, ferrous sulfate etc. can provide growth institute for calf
The various trace elements needed；Antioxidant can be ethoxyquin, butylated hydroxy anisole, dibutyl hydroxy
Toluene etc., can prevent that fat oxidation becomes sour rotten in feed, while being also possible to prevent in premix to tie up life
The decline of plain activity；Stone flour is animal calcium tonic, and content at most, is conducive to calf bone in additive
Growth.
In addition, the TRM pellet of the present invention also includes additive, it is in TRM
Accounting in grain feed is 0~5%, including calcium carbonate, calcium monohydrogen phosphate, sodium bicarbonate, magnesia, salt,
Calcium carbonate mainly provides calcium source, and calcium monohydrogen phosphate is calcium, phosphorus replenishers, and sodium bicarbonate can neutralize hydrochloric acid in gastric juice, carry
For sodium source, magnesia provides magnesium source, and salt is the important minerals in feed stripped, maintains blood and group
The acid-base balance of liquid is knitted, homeo-osmosis is adjusted, promotes calf appetite.Wherein, the ratio of each component is closed
It is for 4：3：3：1：2, the proportioning causes the indispensable elements such as calcium in additive, phosphorus, magnesium collocation balance,
Best results.
Proved by lots of comparing experiments, the component selected by TRM pellet of the invention with
And the content of each component, repercussion effect is optimal, is highly suitable for 3~6 months monthly ages wean calf
Feeding, the development and growth of the calf cud that is conducive to weaning, to preventing calf from having loose bowels, particular about food, infects different
Physical property pneumonia etc. has obvious effect.
The preparation method of the TRM pellet provided according to a further aspect of the present invention, specifically
Comprise the following steps：Fine fodder, coarse fodder, premix are weighed in proportion respectively, crushed, is then mixed
Conjunction is stirred evenly, and is cured, pelletized with pelleter；It is further comprising the steps of：Additive is weighed,
Crush, mix and stir evenly with fine fodder, coarse fodder, premix, cured, pelletized with pelleter.
It is 3-6 mm by the TRM pellet granular size scope obtained by this method, it is convenient
Calf searches for food；In order that pellet was unlikely to glue, it is difficult to go mouldy, the moisture that it is included is small
In 14%, it can both ensure the feed intake of calf dry, with good palatability, while being difficult hair
It is mould, rotten.
The present invention TRM pellet mainly for 3~6 months monthly ages wean calf feeding,
Using the feed mode of calf free choice feeding.
Embodiment
, below will be to the present invention to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantage of the embodiment of the present invention clearer
Technical scheme in embodiment is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is this hair
Bright a part of embodiment, rather than whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, this area is general
The every other embodiment that logical technical staff is obtained under the premise of creative work is not made, is belonged to
The scope of protection of the invention.It should be noted that in the case where not conflicting, the embodiment in the application
And the feature in embodiment can be mutually combined.
The TRM pellet for wean calf that the present invention is provided includes fine fodder, coarse fodder, pre-
Batch mixing, the content of each component is as follows in terms of weight percentage：
Fine fodder 59~75%；
Coarse fodder 24~40%；
Premix 0.8~1.2%.
Wherein, fine fodder, which includes material, includes following components, content the accounting for weight hundred in fine fodder of each component
Ratio is divided to be expressed as follows：
In addition, fine fodder can also include the one or two of following components, the content of each component is in fine fodder
Accounting it is as follows in terms of weight percentage：
Cotton dregs 12~15%；
Corn germ cake 7~9%.
Wherein, coarse fodder includes following components, and the accounting of the content of each component in coarse fodder is with percentage by weight
It is expressed as follows：
Alfalfa meal 55~70%；
Oat 30~45%.
Wherein, premix includes following components, and the accounting of the content of each component in premix is with weight hundred
Ratio is divided to be expressed as follows：
Wherein, TRM pellet of the invention also includes additive, and additive is in mixing day entirely
Percentage by weight in grain pellet is 0~5%；Additive includes calcium carbonate, calcium monohydrogen phosphate, little Su
Beat, magnesia, salt, wherein, the proportionate relationship of each component is 4：3：3：1：2.
A kind of TRM pellet of the present invention is shown in detail below by the mode of embodiment
Concrete component and its percentage by weight.
TRM pellet
It is weight to give numerical value in a kind of possible component of TRM pellet and content, table
Percentage, X1~X8 represents component and the different TRM pellet of content, specific composition
It is as shown in the table：
Table 1 TRM pellet (X) possible composition
| Component | X1 | X2 | X3 | X4 | X5 | X6 | X7 | X8 |
| Fine fodder | 59 | 63 | 65 | 66 | 68 | 71 | 73 | 75 |
| Coarse fodder | 40 | 35 | 29 | 30 | 28 | 26 | 24 | 24 |
| Premix | 1 | 1.1 | 1 | 0.8 | 1.2 | 0.9 | 1 | 1 |
| Additive | 0 | 0.9 | 5 | 3.2 | 2.8 | 2.1 | 2 | 0 |
Wherein, the percentage by weight of the component included by fine fodder is represented with A1~A8, shown in table specific as follows：
The fine fodder of table 2 (A) possible composition
| Component | A1 | A2 | A3 | A4 | A5 | A6 | A7 | A8 |
| Corn | 35 | 37 | 38 | 39 | 40 | 41 | 43 | 45 |
| DDGS | 20 | 13 | 12.5 | 13.5 | 13.5 | 15 | 12 | 13.5 |
| Dregs of beans | 14 | 12 | 10.5 | 20 | 15.5 | 10 | 10.5 | 11 |
| Rapeseed cake or a leaching rapeseed meal | 12 | 15 | 10.5 | 9 | 12.5 | 8 | 10 | 9.5 |
| Wheat bran | 1.5 | 8 | 4.5 | 1.7 | 5.8 | 1.8 | 2 | 4.5 |
| Molasses | 3.5 | 6 | 3.5 | 3.8 | 4 | 3.6 | 3.5 | 4 |
| Cotton dregs | 15 | 0 | 12 | 13 | 0 | 12 | 12 | 12.5 |
| Corn germ cake | 0 | 9 | 8.5 | 0 | 8.7 | 8.6 | 7 | 0 |
Wherein, the percentage by weight of the component included by coarse fodder is represented with B1~B8, specific as follows to represent：
The coarse fodder of table 3 (B) possible composition
| Component | B1 | B2 | B3 | B4 | B5 | B6 | B7 | B8 |
| Alfalfa meal | 55 | 58 | 59 | 62 | 65 | 66 | 68 | 70 |
| Oat | 45 | 42 | 41 | 38 | 35 | 34 | 32 | 30 |
Wherein, the percentage by weight of the component included by premix is represented with C1~C8, specific as follows to represent：
The premix of table 3 (C) possible composition
Wherein, the additive that TRM pellet of the invention includes, in TRM particle
Accounting in feed is 0~5%；Additive include calcium carbonate, calcium monohydrogen phosphate, sodium bicarbonate, magnesia,
Salt, wherein, the proportionate relationship of each component is 4：3：3：1：2.
Illustrate the preparation method of the TRM pellet below by the mode of embodiment.
The preparation method of TRM pellet
Fine fodder, coarse fodder, premix, additive are weighed in proportion respectively, crushed, mixing is stirred evenly,
Cured, pelletized with pelleter, TRM pellet is made.
For example, the component that fine fodder includes is weighed as following weight percent, crushed：
The component that coarse fodder includes is weighed as following weight percent, crushed：
Alfalfa meal 65%；
Oat 35%.
The component that premix includes is weighed as following weight percent, crushed：
Finally, by 4：3：3：1：2 ratio, by calcium carbonate, calcium monohydrogen phosphate, sodium bicarbonate, oxidation
Magnesium, salt are matched, weighed, crushed.
Fine fodder after above-mentioned weighing respectively, crushing, coarse fodder, compound, additive are pressed into following weight hundred
Divide than weighing,
It is well mixed, cures, pelletizes in mixing ration mixer entirely, the full mixing day of the present invention is made
Grain pellet.
Experiment test example
In order to be more fully described the present invention TRM pellet prevention wean calf it is particular about food,
Effect in terms of having loose bowels, this test case chooses the wean calf at 60 first 3~6 months monthly ages, by calf
The close principle pairing of the indexs such as monthly age, body weight, is divided into control group and experimental group, every group each 20,
Divide A, B, C tri- crowdes, be respectively
A：3~4 monthly ages, feeding TRM pellet 1 month；
B：3~5 monthly ages, feeding TRM pellet 2 months；
C：3~6 monthly ages, feeding TRM pellet 3 months.
Statistical analysis, it is ensured that after two groups of body indexs of control group and experimental group are similar, carries out contrast experiment.
The detailed process of experiment is：Control group is separately fed using the traditional calf particulate material in pasture with hay
The feeding method of food, the TRM pellet that experimental group is provided using the present invention, wherein, experiment
The TRM pellet that the present invention that group is used is provided includes eight kinds of TRMs of X1~X8
Grain feed.Keep the feeding and management method of control group and experimental group completely the same, respectively record wean calf
Health.
Specific experiment result is as shown in the table：
The experimental result of the different batches of table 4 wean calf feeding TRM pellet
It can see by the experimental result of upper table and 3~6 monthly ages wean calf feeding TRM particle raised
After material, higher than the control group of traditional feed mode in terms of average daily gain amount, having loose bowels, infecting foreign matter
Property pneumonia in terms of have clear improvement；The feeding TRM pellet time is longer, the reality of experimental group
Test result and be more better than control group.
In summary, compared with traditional separated feed mode, TRM pellet of the invention
Coarse-fine collocation, granulation uniformity is good, and nutrition is balanced, rich in protein, fiber, vitamin and micro member
Element, can avoid that calf is particular about food, have loose bowels, and promote the development and growth of calf cud, prevent foreign body lung
The diseases such as inflammation；The situation that hay is wasted in traditional feeding patterns is avoided simultaneously, and feeding is convenient, reduces people
Work cost, improves pasture benefit.
Finally it should be noted that：Herein, term " comprising ", "comprising" or its any other
Variant is intended to including for nonexcludability, so that process, method, thing comprising a series of key elements
Product or equipment not only include those key elements, but also other key elements including being not expressly set out, or
It is also to include for this process, method, article or the intrinsic key element of equipment.In not more limitations
In the case of, the key element limited by sentence " including one ... ", it is not excluded that including the key element
Also there is other identical element in process, method, article or equipment.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than its limitations.Although with reference to before
Embodiment is stated the present invention is described in detail, it will be understood by those within the art that：Its
The technical scheme described in foregoing embodiments can still be modified, or to which part technology
Feature carries out equivalent substitution；And these modifications or replacement, do not make the essence disengaging of appropriate technical solution
The spirit and scope of various embodiments of the present invention technical scheme.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of TRM pellet, it is characterised in that the TRM pellet
Including following components, the content of each component is as follows in terms of weight percentage：
Fine fodder 59~75%；
Coarse fodder 24~40%；
Premix 0.8~1.2%.
2. TRM pellet according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the essence
Material includes following components, and the accounting of the content of each component in the fine fodder is in terms of weight percentage such as
Under：
3. TRM pellet according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the essence
Material also includes the one or two of following components, and the accounting of the content of each component in the fine fodder is with weight
Percentage is expressed as follows：
Cotton dregs 12~15%；
Corn germ cake 7~9%.
4. TRM pellet according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described thick
Material includes following components, and the accounting of the content of each component in the coarse fodder is in terms of weight percentage such as
Under：
Alfalfa meal 55~70%；
Oat 30~45%.
5. TRM pellet according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described pre-
Batch mixing includes following components, and the accounting of the content of each component in the premix is in terms of weight percentage
It is as follows：
6. the TRM pellet according to any one of claim 1 to 5, its feature exists
In the TRM pellet also includes additive, and the additive is in the TRM
Percentage by weight in pellet is 0~5%；
Wherein, the additive includes calcium carbonate, calcium monohydrogen phosphate, sodium bicarbonate, magnesia, salt, its
In, the proportionate relationship of each component is 4：3：3：1：2.
7. the TRM pellet according to any one of claim 1 to 6, its feature exists
In the granular size scope of the TRM pellet is 3-6mm, and its moisture included contains
Amount is less than 14%.
8. the preparation method of the TRM pellet according to any one of claim 1 to 7,
It is characterised in that it includes following steps：Fine fodder, coarse fodder, premix are weighed in proportion respectively,
Crush, then mixing is stirred evenly, and is cured, pelletized with pelleter.
9. the preparation method of TRM pellet according to claim 8, its feature exists
In further comprising the steps of：Additive is weighed, crushed, with the fine fodder, coarse fodder, premix
Material mixing is stirred evenly, and is cured, pelletized with pelleter.
10. the TRM pellet according to any one of claim 1 to 6 is directed to 3~6
The purposes of monthly age moon wean calf feeding.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201610133391.3A CN107173553A (en) | 2016-03-09 | 2016-03-09 | A kind of TRM pellet and its production and use |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610133391.3A CN107173553A (en) | 2016-03-09 | 2016-03-09 | A kind of TRM pellet and its production and use |
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ID=59830014
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109006692A (en) * | 2018-10-25 | 2018-12-18 | 草原和牛投资有限公司 | A kind of method for breeding of lotus and F1 generation calf |
| CN110063416A (en) * | 2019-05-16 | 2019-07-30 | 湖南农业大学 | A kind of early weaning with cow calf opened guideway and preparation method thereof |
| CN112931697A (en) * | 2021-03-29 | 2021-06-11 | 内蒙古超越饲料有限公司 | Forage grass type fermented total mixed ration |
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| CN1795740A (en) * | 2004-12-29 | 2006-07-05 | 上海光明荷斯坦牧业有限公司 | Premix material and proportioned pellet feed for late calves and preparation method |
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| CN110063416A (en) * | 2019-05-16 | 2019-07-30 | 湖南农业大学 | A kind of early weaning with cow calf opened guideway and preparation method thereof |
| CN112931697A (en) * | 2021-03-29 | 2021-06-11 | 内蒙古超越饲料有限公司 | Forage grass type fermented total mixed ration |
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