CN107158295A - 一种畜类用植物草本驱虫剂及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种畜类用植物草本驱虫剂及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN107158295A
CN107158295A CN201710451310.9A CN201710451310A CN107158295A CN 107158295 A CN107158295 A CN 107158295A CN 201710451310 A CN201710451310 A CN 201710451310A CN 107158295 A CN107158295 A CN 107158295A
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周宏珍
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Susong Li Xin Xin Family Farm
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种畜类用植物草本驱虫剂,其原料按重量份包括:西红柿20‑25份、芦荟10‑15份、花椒8‑10份、牵牛子5‑8份、吴茱萸3‑5份、百部5‑6份、莳萝籽8‑9份、萹蓄1‑2份、石榴皮3‑5份、藜芦5‑6份、樗根皮2‑3份、植物油10‑15份、麦芽糊精20‑30份、麦芽糖2‑3份;本发明还公开了一种畜类用植物草本驱虫剂的制备方法。本发明以西红柿和芦荟为主要成分,配合植物草本中药为原料,通过组分之间合理的配伍,对畜类寄生虫具有很好的驱杀效果,同时植物草本不会危害畜类及食品的安全性也不会带来环境压力,安全环保。

Description

一种畜类用植物草本驱虫剂及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及畜用驱虫剂技术领域,尤其涉及一种畜类用植物草本驱虫剂及其制备方法。
背景技术
目前,对畜类危害较大的寄生虫主要有疥螨、鞭虫、蛔虫、圆线虫等。在畜类领域使用效果较好的驱虫药主要有多拉菌素、伊维菌素、芬苯达唑、阿苯达唑及新型的伊维菌素和芬苯达唑复方驱虫药等。单纯的伊维菌素、阿维菌素对驱除疥螨等寄生虫效果较好,而对在畜类体内移行期的蛔虫幼虫、毛首线虫等效果较差。芬苯达唑、阿苯达唑对线虫、吸虫、球虫及其移行期的幼虫、绦虫都有较强的驱杀作用,对虫卵的孵化有极强的抑制作用。但是驱虫药的过量使用,会引起寄生虫的耐药性,且对食品安全性具有一定的影响。因此,研制新型、广谱、高效、安全,且可以同时驱除牲畜内外寄生虫的驱虫药物成为本领域亟需解决的问题之一。
发明内容
本发明提出了一种畜类用植物草本驱虫剂及其制备方法,本发明以西红柿和芦荟为主要成分,配合植物草本中药为原料,通过组分之间合理的配伍,对畜类寄生虫具有很好的驱杀效果,不会造成环境和食品安全问题,环保无污染。
本发明提出的一种畜类用植物草本驱虫剂,其原料按重量份包括:西红柿20-25份、芦荟10-15份、花椒8-10份、牵牛子5-8份、吴茱萸3-5份、百部5-6份、莳萝籽8-9份、萹蓄1-2份、石榴皮3-5份、藜芦5-6份、樗根皮2-3份、植物油10-15份、麦芽糊精20-30份、麦芽糖2-3份。
优选地,其原料按重量份包括:西红柿21-24份、芦荟12-14份、花椒8.5-9.5份、牵牛子6-7份、吴茱萸3.5-4.5份、百部5.2-5.8份、莳萝籽8.2-8.8份、萹蓄1.2-1.8份、石榴皮3.5-4.5份、藜芦5.2-5.8份、樗根皮2.2-2.8份、植物油11-14份、麦芽糊精22-28份、麦芽糖2.2-2.8份。
优选地,其原料按重量份包括:西红柿23份、芦荟13份、花椒9份、牵牛子6.5份、吴茱萸4份、百部5.5份、莳萝籽8.5份、萹蓄1.5份、石榴皮4份、藜芦5.5份、樗根皮2.5份、植物油13份、麦芽糊精25份、麦芽糖2.5份。
优选地,植物油为玉米油、菜籽油、花生油、茶籽油中的一种;优选地,植物油为茶籽油。
一种畜类用植物草本驱虫剂的制备方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
S1、按配比称取原料,将西红柿和芦荟捣碎后过滤取滤液得到混合液;
S2、将植物油加热至120-130℃,放入花椒和莳萝籽油炸1-2min,过滤冷却得到预处理油;
S3、牵牛子、吴茱萸、百部、莳萝籽、萹蓄、石榴皮、藜芦、樗根皮加水浸泡,煎煮过滤取滤液浓缩得到中药提取液,加入麦芽糊精、麦芽糖及S1得到的混合液搅拌混合,加热至60-70℃,加入预处理油搅拌剪切乳化得到乳化液;
S4、将乳化液在110-125℃条件下喷雾干燥得到畜类用植物草本驱虫剂。
优选地,S3中,中药提取液中中药成分浓度为40-60wt%。
优选地,S3中,剪切乳化压力为30-40MPa,均质3-4次。
优选地,S3中,浸泡时间为20-30h,煎煮时间为2-3h。
本发明中各中药组分作用如下:
牵牛子:泻水消肿,袪痰逐饮,杀虫攻积。既能驱杀肠寄生虫,并有泻下作用,使虫体得以排除,对蛔虫、绦虫都有驱杀作用。
吴茱萸:辛、苦,大热。有小毒。入肝、胃、脾、肾经。含挥发油为吴茱萸烯、罗勒烯、吴茱萸内酯、吴茱萸内酯醇,对蛔虫、蚯蚓、水蛭有较显著作用。
百部:是百部科多年生草本,高60~90厘米,块根纺锤形,肉质,几个或几十个簇生。茎下部直立,上部成蔓生状。具有润肺止咳,灭虱杀虫的功效。
莳萝籽:果实含有葛缕酮、莳萝油脑、柠檬烯和r-谷甾醇,味辛,性温。具有清凉的芳香气味,有健脾、开胃、整肠及利尿的作用。本发明中,莳萝籽,经植物油加热煎炸与花椒配合使用对疥螨、蛔虫,圆线虫具有很好的驱杀功效。
萹蓄:清热利水通淋,有杀虫止痒作用,治胆道蛔虫症。
石榴皮:涩肠止泻,具有杀虫功效,配以牵牛子、吴茱萸,对治蛔虫病、绦虫病具有很好的效果。
藜芦:百合科藜芦属的植物,多年生草本;根茎短而厚;茎具叶,基部常有残存叶鞘裂成纤维状。其提取液对苍蝇、蚊子具有很好的驱赶作用。
樗根皮:落叶乔木,高达20米。树皮平滑有直纹;新枝赤褐色,初有细毛,后稍脱落。根皮含苦楝素、鞣质、赭朴吩,具有很好的驱虫杀菌作用。
本发明以西红柿和芦荟为主要成分,配合植物草本中药为原料,通过组分之间合理的配伍,对畜类寄生虫具有很好的驱杀效果,同时植物草本不会危害畜类及食品的安全性也不会带来环境压力,安全环保。西红柿为成熟前为青色,其中除了富含维生素、胡萝卜素外,还含有苹果酸、柠檬酸和龙葵素,芦荟中富含天然蒽醌甙或蒽的衍生物及芦荟酊,具有很好的抗菌驱虫作用,青西红柿与芦荟配合具有很好的协同作用,对畜类体内的线虫、蛔虫、疥螨具有很好的驱杀效果;花椒和莳萝籽配合在热植物油中提取有效成分,具有很好的杀虫、杀菌功效,中药组分中,牵牛子、吴茱萸、百部配合为主药,辅以萹蓄、藜芦有效抑制了畜类体内寄生虫的滋生,与青西红柿和芦荟互配,进一步提高了杀菌驱虫的效果,石榴皮和樗根皮配合,涩肠止泻,配以牵牛子、吴茱萸,对蛔虫、绦虫具有很好的驱杀效果。本发明植物油既是提取剂又是乳化剂,在优选方案中,茶油具有一定的杀菌驱虫作用,配合麦芽糊精作为囊壁材料,麦芽糖作为中药提取剂的分散剂进行乳化,喷雾干燥后制得产品,制备工艺制备工艺简单易控,成本低廉,环保无污染。
具体实施方式
下面,通过具体实施例对本发明的技术方案进行详细说明。
实施例1
一种畜类用植物草本驱虫剂,其原料按重量份包括:西红柿25份、芦荟10份、花椒10份、牵牛子5份、吴茱萸5份、百部5份、莳萝籽9份、萹蓄1份、石榴皮5份、藜芦5份、樗根皮3份、植物油10份、麦芽糊精30份、麦芽糖2份;
畜类用植物草本驱虫剂由如下步骤制得:
S1、按配比称取原料,将西红柿和芦荟捣碎后过滤取滤液得到混合液;
S2、将植物油加热至120℃,放入花椒和莳萝籽油炸2min,过滤冷却得到预处理油;
S3、牵牛子、吴茱萸、百部、莳萝籽、萹蓄、石榴皮、藜芦、樗根皮加水浸泡,煎煮过滤取滤液浓缩得到中药提取液,加入麦芽糊精、麦芽糖及S1得到的混合液搅拌混合,加热至60℃,加入预处理油搅拌剪切乳化得到乳化液;
S4、将乳化液在110℃条件下喷雾干燥得到畜类用植物草本驱虫剂。
实施例2
一种畜类用植物草本驱虫剂,其原料按重量份包括:西红柿20份、芦荟15份、花椒8份、牵牛子8份、吴茱萸3份、百部6份、莳萝籽8份、萹蓄2份、石榴皮3份、藜芦6份、樗根皮2份、植物油15份、麦芽糊精20份、麦芽糖3份;所述西红柿为青西红柿,植物油为玉米油;
畜类用植物草本驱虫剂由如下步骤制得:
S1、按配比称取原料,将西红柿和芦荟捣碎后过滤取滤液得到混合液;
S2、将植物油加热至120℃,放入花椒和莳萝籽油炸1min,过滤冷却得到预处理油;
S3、牵牛子、吴茱萸、百部、莳萝籽、萹蓄、石榴皮、藜芦、樗根皮加水浸泡20h,煎煮3h过滤取滤液浓缩得到浓度为60wt%中药提取液,加入麦芽糊精、麦芽糖及S1得到的混合液搅拌混合,加热至70℃,加入预处理油,在30MPa条件下搅拌剪切乳化,均质4次得到乳化液;
S4、将乳化液在125℃条件下喷雾干燥得到畜类用植物草本驱虫剂。
实施例3
一种畜类用植物草本驱虫剂,其原料按重量份包括:西红柿21份、芦荟14份、花椒8.5份、牵牛子7份、吴茱萸3.5份、百部5.8份、莳萝籽8.2份、萹蓄1.8份、石榴皮3.5份、藜芦5.8份、樗根皮2.2份、植物油14份、麦芽糊精22份、麦芽糖2.8份;所述西红柿为青西红柿,植物油为花生油;
畜类用植物草本驱虫剂由如下步骤制得:
S1、按配比称取原料,将西红柿和芦荟捣碎后过滤取滤液得到混合液;
S2、将植物油加热至125℃,放入花椒和莳萝籽油炸1.5min,过滤冷却得到预处理油;
S3、牵牛子、吴茱萸、百部、莳萝籽、萹蓄、石榴皮、藜芦、樗根皮加水浸泡30h,煎煮2h过滤取滤液浓缩得到浓度为40wt%中药提取液,加入麦芽糊精、麦芽糖及S1得到的混合液搅拌混合,加热至60℃,加入预处理油,在40MPa条件下搅拌剪切乳化,均质3次得到乳化液;
S4、将乳化液在120℃条件下喷雾干燥得到畜类用植物草本驱虫剂。
实施例4
一种畜类用植物草本驱虫剂,其原料按重量份包括:西红柿24份、芦荟12份、花椒9.5份、牵牛子6份、吴茱萸4.5份、百部5.2份、莳萝籽8.8份、萹蓄1.2份、石榴皮4.5份、藜芦5.2份、樗根皮2.8份、植物油11份、麦芽糊精28份、麦芽糖2.2份;所述西红柿为青西红柿,植物油为花生油;
畜类用植物草本驱虫剂由如下步骤制得:
S1、按配比称取原料,将西红柿和芦荟捣碎后过滤取滤液得到混合液;
S2、将植物油加热至125℃,放入花椒和莳萝籽油炸1.5min,过滤冷却得到预处理油;
S3、牵牛子、吴茱萸、百部、莳萝籽、萹蓄、石榴皮、藜芦、樗根皮加水浸泡25h,煎煮2.5h过滤取滤液浓缩得到浓度为50wt%中药提取液,加入麦芽糊精、麦芽糖及S1得到的混合液搅拌混合,加热至65℃,加入预处理油,在35MPa条件下搅拌剪切乳化,均质3次得到乳化液;
S4、将乳化液在125℃条件下喷雾干燥得到畜类用植物草本驱虫剂。
实施例5
一种畜类用植物草本驱虫剂,其原料按重量份包括:西红柿23份、芦荟13份、花椒9份、牵牛子6.5份、吴茱萸4份、百部5.5份、莳萝籽8.5份、萹蓄1.5份、石榴皮4份、藜芦5.5份、樗根皮2.5份、植物油13份、麦芽糊精25份、麦芽糖2.5份;所述西红柿为青西红柿,植物油为茶籽油;
畜类用植物草本驱虫剂由如下步骤制得:
S1、按配比称取原料,将西红柿和芦荟捣碎后过滤取滤液得到混合液;
S2、将植物油加热至125℃,放入花椒和莳萝籽油炸1.5min,过滤冷却得到预处理油;
S3、牵牛子、吴茱萸、百部、莳萝籽、萹蓄、石榴皮、藜芦、樗根皮加水浸泡25h,煎煮2.5h过滤取滤液浓缩得到浓度为50wt%中药提取液,加入麦芽糊精、麦芽糖及S1得到的混合液搅拌混合,加热至65℃,加入预处理油,在35MPa条件下搅拌剪切乳化,均质3次得到乳化液;
S4、将乳化液在125℃条件下喷雾干燥得到畜类用植物草本驱虫剂。
对照例1
一种畜类用驱虫剂,其原料按重量份包括:芦荟13份、花椒9份、牵牛子6.5份、吴茱萸4份、百部5.5份、莳萝籽8.5份、萹蓄1.5份、石榴皮4份、藜芦5.5份、樗根皮2.5份、植物油13份、麦芽糊精25份、麦芽糖2.5份;所述西红柿为青西红柿,植物油为花生油;
畜类用植物草本驱虫剂由如下步骤制得:
S1、按配比称取原料,将芦荟捣碎后过滤取滤液得到混合液;
S2、将植物油加热至125℃,放入花椒和莳萝籽油炸1.5min,过滤冷却得到预处理油;
S3、牵牛子、吴茱萸、百部、莳萝籽、萹蓄、石榴皮、藜芦、樗根皮加水浸泡25h,煎煮2.5h过滤取滤液浓缩得到浓度为50wt%中药提取液,加入麦芽糊精、麦芽糖及S1得到的混合液搅拌混合,加热至65℃,加入预处理油,在35MPa条件下搅拌剪切乳化,均质3次得到乳化液;
S4、将乳化液在125℃条件下喷雾干燥得到畜类用植物草本驱虫剂。
对照例2
一种畜类用驱虫剂,其原料按重量份包括:西红柿23份、花椒9份、牵牛子6.5份、吴茱萸4份、百部5.5份、莳萝籽8.5份、萹蓄1.5份、石榴皮4份、藜芦5.5份、樗根皮2.5份、植物油13份、麦芽糊精25份、麦芽糖2.5份;所述西红柿为青西红柿,植物油为花生油;
畜类用植物草本驱虫剂由如下步骤制得:
S1、按配比称取原料,将芦荟捣碎后过滤取滤液得到混合液;
S2、将植物油加热至125℃,放入花椒和莳萝籽油炸1.5min,过滤冷却得到预处理油;
S3、牵牛子、吴茱萸、百部、莳萝籽、萹蓄、石榴皮、藜芦、樗根皮加水浸泡25h,煎煮2.5h过滤取滤液浓缩得到浓度为50wt%中药提取液,加入麦芽糊精、麦芽糖及S1得到的混合液搅拌混合,加热至65℃,加入预处理油,在35MPa条件下搅拌剪切乳化,均质3次得到乳化液;
S4、将乳化液在125℃条件下喷雾干燥得到畜类用植物草本驱虫剂。
将实施例5制得畜类用植物草本驱虫剂与对照例1、2制得畜类用驱虫剂及普通市售驱虫剂对随机挑选的50头幼猪寄生虫病的治疗效果进行30天测试,测试结果如下表所示:
从测试数据可以看出,本发明以青西红柿和芦荟为配合,具有很好的协同作用,配合中药组分,有效降低了畜类寄生虫的感染率,促进畜类生长,同时植物草本不会危害畜类及食品的安全性,也不会带来环境压力,安全环保。
以上所述,仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式,但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此,任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内,根据本发明的技术方案及其发明构思加以等同替换或改变,都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (9)

1.一种畜类用植物草本驱虫剂,其特征在于,其原料按重量份包括:西红柿20-25份、芦荟10-15份、花椒8-10份、牵牛子5-8份、吴茱萸3-5份、百部5-6份、莳萝籽8-9份、萹蓄1-2份、石榴皮3-5份、藜芦5-6份、樗根皮2-3份、植物油10-15份、麦芽糊精20-30份、麦芽糖2-3份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的畜类用植物草本驱虫剂,其特征在于,其原料按重量份包括:西红柿21-24份、芦荟12-14份、花椒8.5-9.5份、牵牛子6-7份、吴茱萸3.5-4.5份、百部5.2-5.8份、莳萝籽8.2-8.8份、萹蓄1.2-1.8份、石榴皮3.5-4.5份、藜芦5.2-5.8份、樗根皮2.2-2.8份、植物油11-14份、麦芽糊精22-28份、麦芽糖2.2-2.8份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的畜类用植物草本驱虫剂,其特征在于,其原料按重量份包括:西红柿23份、芦荟13份、花椒9份、牵牛子6.5份、吴茱萸4份、百部5.5份、莳萝籽8.5份、萹蓄1.5份、石榴皮4份、藜芦5.5份、樗根皮2.5份、植物油13份、麦芽糊精25份、麦芽糖2.5份。
4.根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的畜类用植物草本驱虫剂,其特征在于,所述西红柿为青西红柿。
5.根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的畜类用植物草本驱虫剂,其特征在于,植物油为玉米油、菜籽油、花生油、茶籽油中的一种;优选地,植物油为茶籽油。
6.一种根据权利要求1-5任一项所述的畜类用植物草本驱虫剂的制备方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
S1、按配比称取原料,将西红柿和芦荟捣碎后过滤取滤液得到混合液;
S2、将植物油加热至120-130℃,放入花椒和莳萝籽油炸1-2min,过滤冷却得到预处理油;
S3、牵牛子、吴茱萸、百部、莳萝籽、萹蓄、石榴皮、藜芦、樗根皮加水浸泡,煎煮过滤取滤液浓缩得到中药提取液,加入麦芽糊精、麦芽糖及S1得到的混合液搅拌混合,加热至60-70℃,加入预处理油搅拌剪切乳化得到乳化液;
S4、将乳化液在110-125℃条件下喷雾干燥得到畜类用植物草本驱虫剂。
7.根据权利要求6所述的畜类用植物草本驱虫剂的制备方法,其特征在于,S3中,中药提取液中中药成分浓度为40-60wt%。
8.根据权利要求6所述的畜类用植物草本驱虫剂的制备方法,其特征在于,S3中,剪切乳化压力为30-40MPa,均质3-4次。
9.根据权利要求6所述的畜类用植物草本驱虫剂的制备方法,其特征在于,S3中,浸泡时间为20-30h,煎煮时间为2-3h。
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