CN107156840B - Composition containing nostoc polysaccharide and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Composition containing nostoc polysaccharide and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN107156840B CN107156840B CN201710355457.8A CN201710355457A CN107156840B CN 107156840 B CN107156840 B CN 107156840B CN 201710355457 A CN201710355457 A CN 201710355457A CN 107156840 B CN107156840 B CN 107156840B
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- 241000192656 Nostoc Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 186
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 139
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 139
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 139
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims description 27
- 235000019082 Osmanthus Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 241000333181 Osmanthus Species 0.000 claims abstract description 37
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- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 54
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- UEDUENGHJMELGK-HYDKPPNVSA-N Stevioside Chemical compound O([C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1O[C@]12C(=C)C[C@@]3(C1)CC[C@@H]1[C@@](C)(CCC[C@]1([C@@H]3CC2)C)C(=O)O[C@H]1[C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1)O)[C@@H]1O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O UEDUENGHJMELGK-HYDKPPNVSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- OHHNJQXIOPOJSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N stevioside Natural products CC1(CCCC2(C)C3(C)CCC4(CC3(CCC12C)CC4=C)OC5OC(CO)C(O)C(O)C5OC6OC(CO)C(O)C(O)C6O)C(=O)OC7OC(CO)C(O)C(O)C7O OHHNJQXIOPOJSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019202 steviosides Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
- A23L33/105—Plant extracts, their artificial duplicates or their derivatives
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
- A23L33/125—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives containing carbohydrate syrups; containing sugars; containing sugar alcohols; containing starch hydrolysates
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/70—Carbohydrates; Sugars; Derivatives thereof
- A61K31/715—Polysaccharides, i.e. having more than five saccharide radicals attached to each other by glycosidic linkages; Derivatives thereof, e.g. ethers, esters
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
- A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
- A61K36/63—Oleaceae (Olive family), e.g. jasmine, lilac or ash tree
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K2236/00—Isolation or extraction methods of medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicine
- A61K2236/10—Preparation or pretreatment of starting material
- A61K2236/17—Preparation or pretreatment of starting material involving drying, e.g. sun-drying or wilting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K2236/00—Isolation or extraction methods of medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicine
- A61K2236/30—Extraction of the material
- A61K2236/33—Extraction of the material involving extraction with hydrophilic solvents, e.g. lower alcohols, esters or ketones
- A61K2236/331—Extraction of the material involving extraction with hydrophilic solvents, e.g. lower alcohols, esters or ketones using water, e.g. cold water, infusion, tea, steam distillation, decoction
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K2236/00—Isolation or extraction methods of medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicine
- A61K2236/30—Extraction of the material
- A61K2236/39—Complex extraction schemes, e.g. fractionation or repeated extraction steps
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K2236/00—Isolation or extraction methods of medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicine
- A61K2236/50—Methods involving additional extraction steps
- A61K2236/51—Concentration or drying of the extract, e.g. Lyophilisation, freeze-drying or spray-drying
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Natural Medicines & Medicinal Plants (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
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- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
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- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Alternative & Traditional Medicine (AREA)
- Medical Informatics (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)
- Coloring Foods And Improving Nutritive Qualities (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a nostoc polysaccharide-containing composition, which comprises 80-100 parts by weight of nostoc polysaccharide and 0-20 parts by weight of osmanthus flower leaf extract. The nostoc polysaccharide-containing composition can effectively protect gastric mucosa, improve defecation function, regulate intestinal flora and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of food, and relates to a nostoc polysaccharide-containing composition, and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
Nostoc sphaeroides is a common name for Nostoc sphaeoides Kutzing in Nostoc Vauch. Also called as henbane, loosestrife, water agaric and field agaric, is a precious wild edible and medicinal dual-purpose fresh water nitrogen-fixing blue algae which is eaten in China traditionally. Nostoc sphaeroids kutz has a long history in China, is not only a traditional delicacy with rich nutrition, but also has higher medical and health care effects. According to records, the nostoc sphaeroides has the effects of improving eyesight, tonifying qi, clearing away heat and diaphragm, prolonging life after long-term eating, eliminating fatigue, astringing and the like. The nostoc sphaeroides is rich in active polysaccharide, protein, vitamin B group and trace mineral elements. In edible algae, nostoc sphaeroides is a relatively balanced nutrient.
Nostoc sphaeroids kutz polysaccharide is one of the main components of Nostoc sphaeroids kutz, and has the characteristics of good fluidity at low concentration, high viscosity at high concentration, wide molecular weight distribution and the like. Recent activity researches show that the polysaccharide in nostoc sphaeroides has the effects of improving immunity, resisting oxidation, inhibiting tumors and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a composition taking nostoc polysaccharide and sweet osmanthus leaf extract as raw materials and a preparation method thereof, and the composition has the effects of protecting gastric mucosa, regulating intestinal flora and improving defecation function, and has no side effect after long-term eating.
The nostoc polysaccharide-containing composition provided by the invention comprises 80-100 parts by weight of nostoc polysaccharide and 0-20 parts by weight of osmanthus leaf extract.
Preferably, the nostoc polysaccharide is 85-95 parts, and the osmanthus flower leaf extract is 5-15 parts.
Further preferably, the nostoc polysaccharide-containing composition comprises 100 parts of nostoc polysaccharide; or the composition containing the nostoc polysaccharide comprises 95 parts of nostoc polysaccharide and 5 parts of osmanthus flower leaf extract; or the composition containing the nostoc polysaccharide comprises 90 parts of nostoc polysaccharide and 10 parts of osmanthus flower leaf extract; or the composition containing the nostoc polysaccharide comprises 85 parts of nostoc polysaccharide and 15 parts of sweet-scented osmanthus leaf extract.
In the present invention, commercially available nostoc polysaccharide and sweet osmanthus leaf extract can be used to prepare the nostoc polysaccharide-containing composition.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the nostoc polysaccharide-containing composition, which comprises the following steps: the preparation method of the two raw materials is as follows.
Preparation of nostoc polysaccharide:
1) collecting the nostoc sphaeroides fresh products with the diameter of 3-6 mm.
2) And naturally airing the fresh nostoc sphaeroids kutz or drying the fresh nostoc sphaeroids kutz by using a blast drying oven until the moisture content is 8-15% to obtain a dried nostoc sphaeroids kutz product. Preferably, the drying is carried out using a forced air drying oven to a moisture content of 8%, 10%, 15%.
3) Pulverizing dried Nostoc sphaeroids Kutz to below 100 mesh with pulverizer to obtain Nostoc sphaeroids Kutz fine powder. Preferably, pulverizing to 80 mesh or less; more preferably, the powder is pulverized to 50 mesh or less.
4) Adding 300-600 times of water into the nostoc fine powder according to the weight ratio, and soaking for 4-20 hours. Preferably, 500 times of water is added for soaking for 12 hours; or, soaking for 4 hours in 300 times of water; or, soaking for 16 hours in 450 times of water; or, soaking in 500 times of water for 12 hours; or, soaking in 600 times of water for 20 hours.
5) And after soaking, heating to 90-100 ℃, and extracting for 1-4 hours under heat preservation to obtain an extracting solution. Preferably, heating to 90 ℃, and extracting for 1h under the condition of heat preservation; or heating to 100 deg.C, and extracting for 2 hr or 4 hr.
6) And concentrating the extracting solution to 30-35% of the original weight by using ultrafiltration membrane equipment to obtain a concentrated solution. Preferably, it is concentrated to 30%, 33% or 35% of the original weight.
7) Edible ethanol is added into the concentrated solution for mixing, so that the alcoholic strength of the mixed solution reaches 30-70 percent, and the nostoc polysaccharide precipitate is generated. Preferably, the alcoholic strength of the mixed liquor is 30%, 40%, 50% or 70%;
8) the temperature of the mixed solution is reduced to 4 ℃, and the mixed solution is kept warm and kept stand for 6 hours.
9) Centrifuging to recover precipitate, freeze drying to obtain dried Nostoc sphaeroids Kutz polysaccharide, and pulverizing to obtain Nostoc sphaeroids Kutz polysaccharide.
Preparing a sweet osmanthus leaf extract:
1) after the fresh sweet-scented osmanthus leaves are harvested, carrying out microwave enzyme deactivating and drying, wherein the microwave power is 500-600W, and the enzyme deactivating time is 180-240 s. Preferably, the microwave power is 500W, and the enzyme deactivation time is 240 s; or, preferably, the microwave power is 600W, and the enzyme deactivation time is 180 s; or, preferably, the microwave power is 550W, and the enzyme deactivation time is 210 s.
2) Adding 10-20 times of water into the dried sweet osmanthus leaves according to the weight ratio, extracting for 2 times, wherein the extraction temperature is 50-60 ℃, and extracting for 4-5 hours each time. Preferably, the extraction temperature is 55 ℃, and each extraction time is 4 hours; or, preferably, the extraction temperature is 50 ℃, and each extraction time is 5 hours; or, preferably, at an extraction temperature of 60 ℃ for 4h each time.
3) Mixing the extracting solutions, centrifuging by a tube centrifuge to remove residues, concentrating at a low temperature of 50-60 ℃ until the solid content of the extracting solution is 35-45% to obtain a concentrated solution. Preferably, the concentration temperature is 50 ℃, and the concentration is carried out until the solid content of the extracting solution is 40%; or, preferably, the concentration temperature is 55 ℃, and the concentration is carried out until the solid content of the extracting solution is 35%; or, preferably, the concentration temperature is 60 ℃, and the concentration is carried out until the solid content of the extracting solution is 45%.
4) Spray drying the concentrated solution to obtain sweet osmanthus leaf extract.
The two raw materials are uniformly mixed according to a proportion to obtain the nostoc polysaccharide-containing composition. Preferably, the nostoc polysaccharide-containing composition is filled into a strip bag by using a powder packaging machine, wherein the nostoc polysaccharide-containing composition is uniformly mixed according to 80-100 parts of nostoc polysaccharide and 0-20 parts of osmanthus flower leaf extract; preferably, the nostoc polysaccharide-containing composition is uniformly mixed by 85-95 parts of nostoc polysaccharide and 5-15 parts of osmanthus leaf extract. Further preferably, the nostoc polysaccharide-containing composition comprises 100 parts of nostoc polysaccharide; or the composition containing the nostoc polysaccharide comprises 90 parts of nostoc polysaccharide and 10 parts of osmanthus flower leaf extract; or the composition containing the nostoc polysaccharide comprises 95 parts of nostoc polysaccharide and 5 parts of osmanthus flower leaf extract; or the composition containing the nostoc polysaccharide comprises 85 parts of nostoc polysaccharide and 15 parts of sweet-scented osmanthus leaf extract.
The invention also provides a preparation method of nostoc polysaccharide, which is as described above.
The invention also provides nostoc polysaccharide prepared by the method.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the sweet osmanthus leaf extract, and the method is as above.
The invention also provides a sweet osmanthus leaf extract prepared by the method.
The invention also provides a composition containing nostoc polysaccharide, which is prepared by the method and comprises the following components, by weight, 80-100 parts of nostoc polysaccharide and 0-20 parts of osmanthus flower leaf extract.
Preferably, the nostoc polysaccharide-containing composition comprises 85-95 parts of nostoc polysaccharide and 5-15 parts of osmanthus leaf extract.
Further preferably, the nostoc polysaccharide-containing composition comprises 100 parts of nostoc polysaccharide. Or the composition containing the nostoc polysaccharide comprises 95 parts of nostoc polysaccharide and 5 parts of osmanthus flower leaf extract. Or the composition containing the nostoc polysaccharide comprises 90 parts of nostoc polysaccharide and 10 parts of osmanthus flower leaf extract. Or 85 parts of nostoc polysaccharide and 15 parts of osmanthus leaf extract.
The composition containing nostoc polysaccharide can also be added with nostoc dry powder, wherein 80-100 parts of nostoc polysaccharide and nostoc dry powder and 0-20 parts of osmanthus flower leaf extract. Wherein the mass ratio of nostoc polysaccharide to nostoc dry powder is (30-90): (10-70); preferably, the mass ratio of the nostoc polysaccharide to the nostoc dry powder is (50-80): (20-50); further preferably, the mass ratio of the nostoc polysaccharide to the nostoc dry powder is 70: 30.
the preparation method of the nostoc sphaeroides dry powder comprises the following steps:
1) collecting the nostoc sphaeroides fresh products with the diameter of 3-6 mm.
2) And naturally airing the fresh nostoc sphaeroids kutz or drying the fresh nostoc sphaeroids kutz to the moisture content of 8-15% by using a blast drying oven to obtain a dried nostoc sphaeroids kutz product. Preferably, the drying is carried out using a forced air drying oven.
3) Pulverizing dried Nostoc sphaeroids Kutz to below 100 mesh with pulverizer to obtain Nostoc sphaeroids Kutz dry powder. Preferably, the powder is pulverized to 200 mesh or less.
The nostoc polysaccharide-containing composition can also be added with fruit powder, stevioside and other components for flavoring.
The invention also provides application of the nostoc polysaccharide-containing composition in preparation of medicines for protecting gastric mucosa and inhibiting gastric ulcer. Preferably, the nostoc polysaccharide-containing composition comprises 100 parts of nostoc polysaccharide and 0 part of osmanthus flower leaf extract. Or the composition containing the nostoc polysaccharide comprises 90 parts of nostoc polysaccharide and 10 parts of osmanthus flower leaf extract. Or the composition containing the nostoc polysaccharide comprises 95 parts of nostoc polysaccharide and 5 parts of osmanthus flower leaf extract. Or the composition containing the nostoc polysaccharide comprises 85 parts of nostoc polysaccharide and 15 parts of sweet-scented osmanthus leaf extract.
The invention also provides application of the nostoc polysaccharide-containing composition in preparation of a medicine for preventing gastric ulcer.
The invention also provides the application of the nostoc polysaccharide-containing composition in preparing food, medicines or health-care products for improving defecation; preferably, the composition for improving the first defecation time (first defecation time) and the number of excrement grains of a subject with constipation symptoms comprises 100 parts of nostoc polysaccharide and 0 part of osmanthus flower leaf extract. Or the composition containing the nostoc polysaccharide comprises 90 parts of nostoc polysaccharide and 10 parts of osmanthus flower leaf extract.
The invention also provides application of the nostoc polysaccharide-containing composition in preparation of food, medicines or health-care products for regulating intestinal flora. Preferably, the nostoc polysaccharide-containing composition is used for regulating intestinal flora such as bifidobacteria and lactobacillus.
The invention also provides the application of the composition containing nostoc polysaccharide in preparing food, medicines or health products for improving the number of intestinal bifidobacteria; preferably, the nostoc polysaccharide-containing composition comprises 90 parts of nostoc polysaccharide and 10 parts of osmanthus flower leaf extract.
The invention also provides the application of the composition containing nostoc polysaccharide in preparing foods, medicines or health-care products for increasing the quantity of intestinal bifidobacteria and lactobacillus; preferably, the nostoc polysaccharide-containing composition comprises 100 parts of nostoc polysaccharide.
The nostoc polysaccharide-containing composition has the beneficial effects that the nostoc polysaccharide-containing composition comprising nostoc polysaccharide and sweet osmanthus leaf extract has the effects of protecting gastric mucosa, improving defecation function, regulating intestinal flora and the like.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following specific examples. The procedures, conditions, experimental methods and the like for carrying out the present invention are general knowledge and common general knowledge in the art except for the contents specifically mentioned below, and the present invention is not particularly limited.
Example 1
100 parts of nostoc polysaccharide and 0 part of osmanthus leaf extract, thus obtaining the product of the nostoc polysaccharide-containing composition.
Preparation of nostoc polysaccharide:
1) collecting the nostoc sphaeroides fresh products with the diameter of 3-6 mm.
2) Drying fresh Nostoc sphaeroids Kutz with blast drying oven to water content of 8% to obtain dried Nostoc sphaeroids Kutz
3) Pulverizing dried Nostoc sphaeroids Kutz into 50 mesh below with pulverizer to obtain Nostoc sphaeroids Kutz fine powder.
4) Soaking the fine powder of nostoc sphaeroids kutz in 300 times of water for 4 hours.
5) After soaking, heating to 90 ℃, and extracting for 1h under heat preservation to obtain an extracting solution.
6) And concentrating the extracting solution to 30% of the original weight by using ultrafiltration membrane equipment to obtain a concentrated solution.
7) Adding edible ethanol into the concentrated solution, and mixing to make the alcoholic strength of the mixed solution reach 30%, to obtain nostoc polysaccharide precipitate.
8) The temperature of the mixed solution is reduced to 4 ℃, and the mixed solution is kept warm and kept stand for 6 hours.
9) Centrifuging to recover precipitate, freeze drying to obtain dried Nostoc sphaeroids Kutz polysaccharide, and pulverizing to obtain Nostoc sphaeroids Kutz polysaccharide.
Example 2
90 parts of nostoc polysaccharide and 10 parts of osmanthus leaf extract are uniformly mixed to obtain the product of the nostoc polysaccharide-containing composition.
The preparation method of the two raw materials comprises the following steps:
preparation of nostoc polysaccharide:
1) collecting the nostoc sphaeroides fresh products with the diameter of 3-6 mm.
2) Naturally drying the fresh nostoc sphaeroides until the water content is 15 percent to obtain the dried nostoc sphaeroides
3) Pulverizing dried Nostoc sphaeroids Kutz to below 100 mesh with pulverizer to obtain Nostoc sphaeroids Kutz fine powder.
4) The nostoc fine powder is soaked in 600 times of water for 20 hours.
5) After soaking, heating to 100 ℃, and extracting for 4h under heat preservation to obtain an extracting solution.
6) And concentrating the extracting solution to 35% of the original weight by using ultrafiltration membrane equipment to obtain a concentrated solution.
7) Adding edible ethanol into the concentrated solution, and mixing to make the alcoholic strength of the mixed solution reach 70%, to obtain nostoc polysaccharide precipitate.
8) The temperature of the mixed solution is reduced to 4 ℃, and the mixed solution is kept warm and kept stand for 6 hours.
9) Centrifuging to recover precipitate, freeze drying to obtain dried Nostoc sphaeroids Kutz polysaccharide, and pulverizing to obtain Nostoc sphaeroids Kutz polysaccharide.
Preparing a sweet osmanthus leaf extract:
1) after the fresh sweet-scented osmanthus leaves are harvested, performing microwave enzyme deactivation and drying, wherein the microwave power is 500W, and the enzyme deactivation time is 240 s;
2) adding 12 times of water into the dried sweet osmanthus leaves according to the weight ratio, extracting for 2 times, wherein the extraction temperature is 55 ℃, and extracting for 4 hours each time;
3) mixing extractive solutions, centrifuging to remove residue, concentrating at 50 deg.C to obtain concentrated solution with solid content of 40%;
4) spray drying the concentrated solution to obtain sweet osmanthus leaf extract.
Example 3
95 parts of nostoc polysaccharide and 5 parts of osmanthus leaf extract are uniformly mixed to obtain the product of the nostoc polysaccharide-containing composition.
The preparation method of the two raw materials comprises the following steps:
preparation of nostoc polysaccharide:
1) collecting the nostoc sphaeroides fresh products with the diameter of 3-6 mm.
2) Drying the fresh nostoc sphaeroids kutz product to the moisture content of 10% by using a blast drying oven to obtain the dried nostoc sphaeroids kutz product.
3) Pulverizing dried Nostoc sphaeroids Kutz to below 80 mesh with pulverizer to obtain Nostoc sphaeroids Kutz fine powder.
4) The nostoc fine powder is soaked in 450 times of water for 16 hours.
5) After soaking, heating to 100 ℃, and extracting for 2h under heat preservation to obtain an extracting solution.
6) And concentrating the extracting solution to 33% of the original weight by using ultrafiltration membrane equipment to obtain a concentrated solution.
7) Adding edible ethanol into the concentrated solution, and mixing to make the alcoholic strength of the mixed solution reach 50%, to obtain Nostoc sphaeroides polysaccharide precipitate.
8) The temperature of the mixed solution is reduced to 4 ℃, and the mixed solution is kept warm and kept stand for 6 hours.
9) Centrifuging to recover precipitate, freeze drying to obtain dried Nostoc sphaeroids Kutz polysaccharide, and pulverizing to obtain Nostoc sphaeroids Kutz polysaccharide.
Preparing a sweet osmanthus leaf extract:
1) after the fresh sweet-scented osmanthus leaves are harvested, carrying out microwave enzyme deactivation and drying, wherein the microwave power is 600W, and the enzyme deactivation time is 180 s;
2) adding 10 times of water into the dried sweet osmanthus leaves according to the weight ratio, extracting for 2 times, wherein the extraction temperature is 50 ℃, and extracting for 5 hours each time;
3) mixing extractive solutions, centrifuging to remove residue, concentrating at 55 deg.C to obtain concentrated solution with solid content of 35%;
4) spray drying the concentrated solution to obtain sweet osmanthus leaf extract.
Example 4
85 parts of nostoc polysaccharide and 15 parts of sweet osmanthus leaf extract are uniformly mixed to obtain the nostoc polysaccharide-containing composition.
The preparation method of the two raw materials comprises the following steps:
preparation of nostoc polysaccharide:
1) collecting the nostoc sphaeroides fresh products with the diameter of 3-6 mm.
2) Drying the fresh nostoc sphaeroids kutz product to the moisture content of 10% by using a blast drying oven to obtain the dried nostoc sphaeroids kutz product.
3) Pulverizing dried Nostoc sphaeroids Kutz to below 80 mesh with pulverizer to obtain Nostoc sphaeroids Kutz fine powder.
4) Soaking the fine powder of nostoc sphaeroids kutz in 500 times of water for 12 hours.
5) After soaking, heating to 100 ℃, and extracting for 2h under heat preservation to obtain an extracting solution.
6) And concentrating the extracting solution to 35% of the original weight by using ultrafiltration membrane equipment to obtain a concentrated solution.
7) Adding edible ethanol into the concentrated solution, and mixing to make the alcoholic strength of the mixed solution reach 40%, to obtain Nostoc sphaeroides polysaccharide precipitate.
8) The temperature of the mixed solution is reduced to 4 ℃, and the mixed solution is kept warm and kept stand for 6 hours.
9) Centrifuging to recover precipitate, freeze drying to obtain dried Nostoc sphaeroids Kutz polysaccharide, and pulverizing to obtain Nostoc sphaeroids Kutz polysaccharide.
Preparing a sweet osmanthus leaf extract:
1) after the fresh sweet-scented osmanthus leaves are harvested, carrying out microwave enzyme deactivation and drying, wherein the microwave power is 550W, and the enzyme deactivation time is 210 s;
2) adding 20 times of water into the dried sweet osmanthus leaves according to the weight ratio, extracting for 2 times, wherein the extraction temperature is 60 ℃, and extracting for 4 hours each time;
3) mixing extractive solutions, centrifuging to remove residue, concentrating at 60 deg.C to obtain concentrated solution with solid content of 45%;
4) spray drying the concentrated solution to obtain sweet osmanthus leaf extract.
Example 5
56 parts of nostoc polysaccharide, 24 parts of nostoc dry powder and 20 parts of sweet osmanthus leaf extract, and the components are uniformly mixed to obtain the product of the nostoc polysaccharide-containing composition.
The preparation method of the three raw materials comprises the following steps:
preparation of nostoc polysaccharide:
1) collecting the nostoc sphaeroides fresh products with the diameter of 3-6 mm.
2) Drying the fresh nostoc sphaeroids kutz product to the moisture content of 10% by using a blast drying oven to obtain the dried nostoc sphaeroids kutz product.
3) Pulverizing dried Nostoc sphaeroids Kutz to below 80 mesh with pulverizer to obtain Nostoc sphaeroids Kutz fine powder.
4) Soaking the fine powder of nostoc sphaeroids kutz in 500 times of water for 12 hours.
5) After soaking, heating to 100 ℃, and extracting for 2h under heat preservation to obtain an extracting solution.
6) And concentrating the extracting solution to 35% of the original weight by using ultrafiltration membrane equipment to obtain a concentrated solution.
7) Adding edible ethanol into the concentrated solution, and mixing to make the alcoholic strength of the mixed solution reach 40%, to obtain Nostoc sphaeroides polysaccharide precipitate.
8) The temperature of the mixed solution is reduced to 4 ℃, and the mixed solution is kept warm and kept stand for 6 hours.
9) Centrifuging to recover precipitate, freeze drying to obtain dried Nostoc sphaeroids Kutz polysaccharide, and pulverizing to obtain Nostoc sphaeroids Kutz polysaccharide.
Preparation of nostoc sphaeroids kutz dry powder:
1) collecting the nostoc sphaeroides fresh products with the diameter of 3-6 mm.
2) Naturally drying the fresh nostoc sphaeroides until the water content is 15 percent to obtain the dried nostoc sphaeroides
3) Pulverizing dried Nostoc sphaeroids Kutz to below 240 mesh with pulverizer to obtain Nostoc sphaeroids Kutz dry powder.
Preparing a sweet osmanthus leaf extract:
1) after the fresh sweet-scented osmanthus leaves are harvested, carrying out microwave enzyme deactivation and drying, wherein the microwave power is 550W, and the enzyme deactivation time is 210 s;
2) adding 20 times of water into the dried sweet osmanthus leaves according to the weight ratio, extracting for 2 times, wherein the extraction temperature is 60 ℃, and extracting for 4 hours each time;
3) mixing extractive solutions, centrifuging to remove residue, concentrating at 60 deg.C to obtain concentrated solution with solid content of 45%;
4) spray drying the concentrated solution to obtain sweet osmanthus leaf extract.
Example 6
Example 4 was repeated except that the nostoc polysaccharide-containing composition obtained in example 4 was packaged into a stick pack.
Example 7
0 part of nostoc polysaccharide and 100 parts of sweet osmanthus leaf extract to obtain the product.
The preparation method of sweet osmanthus leaf extract is the same as that of example 4.
Test example 1 protection test for gastric mucosal injury in mice
1. And (3) testing a sample: the products obtained in example 1, example 2, example 3, example 4 and example 7.
2. Preparing a liquid medicine: the test samples were prepared as a 20mg/ml suspension with double distilled water.
3. Test animals: ICR mice, male, weight 18-20g, provided by shanghai slake laboratory animals llc, animal certification: SCXK (Shanghai) 2012-0002.
4. Animal grouping: the experimental mice were divided into 7 groups of 5 animals each according to the excel complete randomized cohort method. The grouping is as follows:
blank control group; double distilled water administration;
model group: double distilled water administration;
test group 1: administration of the product of example 1;
test group 2: example 2 administration of the product;
test group 3: example 3 administration of the product;
test group 4: example 4 administration of the product;
test group 5: example 7 product administration.
5. The test method comprises the following steps:
the drug solution should be administered to mice by oral gavage for 7 days, 1 time per day, 0.2ml per 10g body weight. Fasting without water for 24h before the last administration (day 7). 30min after administration, except for the blank control group, the animals of each group were gavaged with 0.15 ml/animal of absolute ethanol. The method comprises the following steps of killing animals after 1h of cervical dislocation, ligating pylorus, injecting 1% formaldehyde 1ml into a stomach body through the glandular stomach part, ligating cardia, taking out the stomach, immediately putting 1% formaldehyde for fixation for 15min, splitting along the greater curvature of the stomach, washing with normal saline, observing and measuring the damage of the gastric mucosa of the mouse, and calculating the ulcer index and the ulcer inhibition rate.
Ulcer inhibition rate calculation formula:
6. test results
Table 1. protective effect of each test group on gastric ulcer in ethanol-induced mice (n-10,
)
note: denotes P <0.01 compared to model group; Δ indicates that P <0.01 compared to the model group; # denotes that P < 0.05 compared with test group 1. The ulcer area of the blank control group is obviously lower than that of the model group, and the two groups have extremely obvious difference (P is less than 0.01), which indicates that the model of the gastric ulcer of the mice caused by the ethanol is established. The test groups 1 to 4 (examples 1 to 4) all have good effects on protecting the gastric mucosa, and have very significant differences (P is less than 0.01) compared with the model group. Compared with the test group 1, the test group 2, the test group 3 and the test group 4 have significant differences (P is less than 0.05), which shows that the nostoc polysaccharide and the sweet osmanthus leaf extract have the efficacy of synergistically protecting the gastric mucosa when used in combination, and the effect is significantly better than that of the nostoc polysaccharide when used alone. Example 5 also achieved the same experimental effects as examples 2-4.
The test group 5 (example 7) had no significant effect on protecting gastric mucosa, and had no significant difference compared to the model group, indicating that the effect of solely using the sweet osmanthus leaf extract on protecting gastric mucosa was poor.
Test example 2 test for improving defecation function of Constipated mouse
1. The test sample and the processing method comprise: test group 1: the sample obtained in example 2; test group 2: the sample obtained in example 1; test group 3: the sample obtained in example 7. All the tested samples are added with pure water to prepare suspension with the concentration of 80 mg/ml.
2. Test animals and groups: 100 SPF-grade Kunming mice, male, with a weight of 18-22g, provided by the Experimental animals center of Guangxi medical university, and animal qualification: SCXK 2009-. Animals were divided into two groups of 50 animals each, and test I group was subjected to small bowel movement test, and test II group was subjected to measurement of defecation time, fecal pellet count and fecal weight. Each group of the test is provided with 3 test groups, and a blank control group and a constipation model control group are simultaneously arranged.
3. The test method comprises the following steps:
3.1 Small bowel movement test
Male mice were selected as 50 mice and randomly divided into 5 groups of 10 mice each. The three test groups are respectively given suspension of different test samples, a blank control group and a constipation model control group are respectively given pure water with the same volume, the intragastric administration volume is 0.2ml/10g of body weight, 1 time/day, and the intragastric administration is continuously carried out for 7 days. The evening of the day of the last test, after the animals of each group had fasted for 16 hours (drinking water was not limited), the constipation model control group and the three test groups were administered with a compound diphenoxylate solution (0.2ml/10g body weight) at a dose of 5mg/kg body weight (compound diphenoxylate was used to cause intestinal obstruction in mice), and the blank control group was administered with pure water. After 30 minutes, three test groups were administered with ink containing the corresponding test substance, and the constipation model control group and the blank control group were administered with ink (containing 5% of activated carbon powder, 10% of gum arabic). The animals were sacrificed by cervical dislocation 25 minutes after administration of ink, the mesentery was separated by opening the abdominal cavity, the intestinal canal from the pylorus, the lower end to the ileocecal part at the upper end was cut off, placed on a tray, and the small intestine was gently pulled into a straight line for measurement. The length of the intestinal canal is 'total length of small intestine', the length from pylorus to ink front is 'recommended length of ink', the ink propulsion rate (P) is calculated according to the following formula, and statistical analysis is carried out after data conversion (X).
3.2 measurement of defecation time, number of grains of feces and weight of feces
50 male mice were selected, and the animals were grouped and given to subjects as described in section 3.1 above. The evening of the day of the last test substance administration, after the animals of each group had fasted for 16 hours (drinking water was not limited), the constipation model control group and the three test groups were gavaged with a dose of compound diphenoxylate of 10mg/kg body weight (0.2ml/10g body weight), and the blank control group was administered with an equivalent amount of purified water. After 30 minutes, the mice in the model control group and the mice in the blank control group were administered ink for intragastric administration, and the three test groups were administered ink for the respective test substances, and the timing was started. Each animal was individually fed with feed and drinking water, and the time required for the first defecation, the number of 5-hour defecation pellets and the total weight of each animal were observed and recorded.
4. Test results
4.1 Effect of samples on mouse body weight
TABLE 2 weight changes in the groups of mice
Note: in the I, II test groups, the initial and terminal body weights and weight gains of mice in each dose group are compared with those in the blank control group, and the differences are not significant (P is more than 0.05).
As can be seen from table 2, the body weights of the groups of mice before the test were balanced; after the samples are given for 7 days, the weight of the mice in each test group is compared with that of a blank control group and that of a constipation model control group, and the difference has no significance, so that the weight of the mice is not affected by the tested samples.
4.2 Effect of samples on the Propulsion movement of the mouse intestine
TABLE 3 intestinal ink propulsion rates of groups of mice
Note: the P value in the table is the P value of the difference between the ink propulsion conversion value X of each group and the constipation model control group.
The ink propulsion rate of the control group mice of the constipation model is obviously lower than that of the blank control group, and the two groups have extremely obvious difference (P is less than 0.01), which indicates that the constipation model is established. The ink propulsion rate of the mice in each test group is higher than that of the constipation model control group, through data conversion and statistical analysis, the difference between the test group 1 (sample in example 2) and the test group 2 (sample in example 1) and the constipation model control group has significance (P is less than 0.05), and the ink propulsion rate of the test group 1 is higher than that of the test group 2. The samples in the example 2 and the sample in the example 1 are both shown to have the effect of promoting the small intestine of a mouse to move forward, and the effect of the combination use of the nostoc polysaccharide and the sweet osmanthus leaf extract is obviously better than the effect of the single use of the nostoc polysaccharide. Example 5 also achieved the same experimental results as example 2.
There was no significant difference between the test group 3 (sample of example 7) and the constipation model control group. The application of the osmanthus fragrans extract alone has no obvious effect on promoting the small intestine of mice to move.
4.3 Effect of samples on mouse defecation
TABLE 4 defecation time, fecal pellet count and weight of each group of mice
Note: 1. the P-value in the table is the P-value for each group compared to the constipation model control group;
2. the number of stool particles and the weight of stool were the stool of the mouse counted for 5 hours.
The time of the first feces of the mice in the constipation model control group is greater than that in the blank control group, the mice have very significant differences (P is less than 0.01), the grain number and the feces weight of the feces in the constipation model control group are less than those in the blank control group, the differences are significant (P is less than 0.01 and P is less than 0.05 respectively), and the establishment of the constipation model is proved. At the first stool time, the difference between the test group 1 (sample in example 2) and the constipation model control group is significant (P is less than 0.05), and the difference between the other test groups and the constipation model control group is not significant; the number of the feces, the difference between the test group 1 (sample in example 2) and the test group 2 (sample in example 1) and the constipation model control group is significant (P is less than 0.05), and the difference between the test group 3 and the constipation model control group is not significant; the stool weight, the difference between each test group and the constipation model control group is not significant (P is more than 0.05). The above results show that the sample of example 2 (nostoc polysaccharide 90 parts, sweet osmanthus leaf extract 10 parts) can shorten the first stool time of mice and increase the number of grains of feces discharged by the mice. Example 1 the sample (nostoc polysaccharide 100 parts) can increase the number of defecate grains in mice. The sample of example 5 also achieves the same experimental results as the sample of example 2.
Test example 3 sample test for regulating intestinal flora in mice
1. And (3) testing samples and processing: test group 1: the sample obtained in example 2; test group 2: the sample obtained in example 1; test group 3: the sample obtained in example 7. All the tested samples are added with pure water to prepare suspension with the concentration of 80 mg/ml.
2. Test animals and groups: ICR mice, male, weight 18-20g, provided by shanghai slake laboratory animals llc, animal certification: SCXK (Shanghai) 2012-0002. Three test groups and a blank control group were provided, each group containing 10 animals.
3. Test method
Male mice were selected 40 and randomly divided into 4 groups of 10 mice each. The three test groups are respectively given with suspensions of different test samples, a blank control group is given with pure water with the same volume, the intragastric administration volume is 0.2ml/10g of body weight, 1 time/day, and the intragastric administration is continuously carried out for 14 days. Before and within 24h after the test sample is administered, 0.1g of the mouse excrement is respectively collected aseptically, sterile diluent is added, serial dilution is carried out by 10 times, and then proper dilution is selected, and the mixture is respectively inoculated on each culture medium and cultured according to requirements. The body weight of the mice and the number of bifidobacteria, lactobacilli, enterococci, enterobacteria and clostridium perfringens were subjected to data processing and analysis.
4. Test results
4.1 Effect of samples on mouse body weight
TABLE 5 weight changes in the groups of mice
Note: the initial and terminal body weights and weight gains of the mice in each group are compared with those of the blank control group, and the differences are not significant (P is more than 0.05).
As can be seen from table 5, the body weights of the groups of mice before the test were balanced; after the samples are continuously administered for 14 days, the body weight of the mice in each test group is compared with that of the blank control group, and the difference has no significance, so that the weight increase of the mice is not influenced by the tested samples.
4.2 Effect of samples on mouse intestinal flora
Table 6. change in intestinal flora in mice of each group (logcfu/g,
n＝10)
note: p1 is compared with the blank control group before the experiment, P2 is compared with the blank control group after the experiment, and P3 is compared before and after the experiment.
As can be seen from Table 6, no matter whether the test results are compared with the blank control group before and after the experiment or compared with the control group before and after the experiment, the numbers of the enterobacteria, the enterococcus and the clostridium perfringens in all the test groups have no significant difference (P is more than 0.05); the numbers of bifidobacteria and lactobacilli in test group 1 (sample of example 2) were significantly increased before and after the experiment, with significant differences (P < 0.05), and significantly increased after the experiment compared to the blank group, with significant differences (P < 0.05). The number of bifidobacteria in test group 2 (sample of example 1) was significantly increased before and after the test, with the difference being significant (P < 0.05), and significantly increased after the test and compared with the blank group, with the difference being significant (P < 0.05). According to the judgment method for regulating the intestinal flora in the health food inspection and evaluation technical specification-2003, the samples in the example 1 and the samples in the example 2 have the function of regulating the intestinal flora of mice. The sample of example 5 also achieves the same experimental results as the sample of example 2.
This experiment shows that: the composition of nostoc polysaccharide and sweet osmanthus leaf extract (sample in example 2) can simultaneously increase the number of bifidobacteria and lactobacilli in intestinal tracts of mice; the use of nostoc polysaccharide alone (sample of example 1) only increased the number of bifidobacteria in the intestinal tract of mice; sweet osmanthus leaf extract alone has no effect on regulating intestinal flora of mice.
The protection of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Variations and advantages that may occur to those skilled in the art may be incorporated into the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the inventive concept, and the scope of the appended claims is intended to be protected.
Claims (6)
1. The composition is characterized by comprising 80-95 parts of nostoc polysaccharide and 5-20 parts of osmanthus leaf extract;
preparation of nostoc polysaccharide:
1) collecting fresh nostoc sphaeroides products with the diameter of 3-6 mm;
2) drying the fresh nostoc sphaeroids kutz products until the water content is 8-15% to obtain dried nostoc sphaeroids kutz products;
3) pulverizing dried Nostoc sphaeroids Kutz to below 100 mesh to obtain Nostoc sphaeroids Kutz fine powder;
4) adding 300-600 times of water into the nostoc fine powder according to the weight ratio, and soaking for 4-20 hours;
5) after soaking, heating to 90-100 ℃, and extracting for 1-4 hours under heat preservation to obtain an extracting solution;
6) concentrating the extracting solution by using an ultrafiltration membrane until the weight of the extracting solution is 30-35% to obtain a concentrated solution;
7) adding edible ethanol into the concentrated solution, and mixing until the alcoholic strength of the mixed solution reaches 30-70%, so that nostoc polysaccharide precipitate appears;
8) reducing the temperature of the mixed solution to 4 ℃, preserving the heat and standing for 6 hours;
9) centrifuging, recovering precipitate, freeze drying to obtain dried Nostoc sphaeroids Kutz polysaccharide, and pulverizing to obtain Nostoc sphaeroids Kutz polysaccharide;
preparing a sweet osmanthus leaf extract:
1) after the fresh sweet-scented osmanthus leaves are harvested, carrying out microwave enzyme deactivating and drying, wherein the microwave power is 500-600W, and the enzyme deactivating time is 180-240 s;
2) adding 10-20 times of water into the dried sweet osmanthus leaves according to the weight ratio, extracting for 2 times, wherein the extraction temperature is 50-60 ℃, and extracting for 4-5 hours each time;
3) mixing the extracting solutions, centrifuging to remove residues, concentrating at a low temperature of 50-60 ℃ until the solid content of the extracting solution is 35-45% to obtain a concentrated solution;
4) spray drying the concentrated solution to obtain sweet osmanthus leaf extract.
2. The nostoc polysaccharide-containing composition according to claim 1, wherein the composition consists of the following components in parts by weight: 95 parts of nostoc polysaccharide and 5 parts of osmanthus leaf extract; or the composition consists of the following components in parts by weight: 90 parts of nostoc polysaccharide and 10 parts of sweet-scented osmanthus leaf extract; or the composition consists of the following components in parts by weight: 85 parts of nostoc polysaccharide and 15 parts of sweet-scented osmanthus leaf extract.
3. Use of the nostoc polysaccharide-containing composition as claimed in claim 1 or 2 for preparing a medicine for protecting gastric mucosa and preventing and inhibiting gastric ulcer.
4. Use of the nostoc polysaccharide-containing composition according to claim 1 or 2 in the preparation of food, medicine or health care product for improving defecation function.
5. Use of the nostoc polysaccharide-containing composition according to claim 1 or 2 in the preparation of food, medicine or health care product for regulating intestinal flora.
6. Use of the nostoc polysaccharide-containing composition according to claim 1 or 2 for preparing food, medicine or health care product for increasing the number of bifidobacterium and/or lactobacillus in intestinal tract.
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