CN107156459A - A kind of TRM for promoting standby ewe puberty to start - Google Patents
A kind of TRM for promoting standby ewe puberty to start Download PDFInfo
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- CN107156459A CN107156459A CN201710343033.XA CN201710343033A CN107156459A CN 107156459 A CN107156459 A CN 107156459A CN 201710343033 A CN201710343033 A CN 201710343033A CN 107156459 A CN107156459 A CN 107156459A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A23K50/10—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for ruminants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/16—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of TRM for promoting standby ewe puberty to start, belong to Animal Science field of feed processing.The present invention is the nutritional requirements according to standby ewe, makes full use of local resources abundant and the unconventional water resources resource such as cheap soybean residue, big beanstalk is as primary raw material, the functional nutriment of auxiliary addition is configured to TRM.The need for TRM of the present invention disclosure satisfy that bis- growth period developments of 15~25kg and 26~35kg, reach the Suitable Body Weight that heat starts, the reproductive performance of standby ewe can be improved simultaneously, promote the heat of standby ewe, so as to reach the purpose of standby ewe puberty ahead of time.
Description
First, technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of TRM for promoting standby ewe puberty to start.Belong to Animal Science feed manufacturing neck
Domain, it is adaptable to the scale of mutton sheep and intensive full drylot feeding production.
2nd, background technology
Puberty startup is the important symbol that standby ewe obtains fertility, and the foster main target of standby ewe word is suitable
Shi Qidong puberties and with good follicular development state.And the reproductive performance of ewe is mainly regulated and controled by Reproductive Axis.Body energy
Amount deposit situation can significantly affect Reproductive Axis functional activity.Research shows, in the standby ewe nurturing period, and excessive feeding or nutrition are not
It is good all to postpone the startup of puberty, but how to determine that " excessively feeding " and " malnutrition " there is no standard to refer to.Daily ration
Influence the specific mechanism of standby ewe puberty startup still unclear.But certainly, the nutrition such as limit protein matter, energy
Intake, can influence standby ewe puberty to start, and postpone just feelings age in days;Suitable nutrition intake is meeting the growth of standby ewe
Development simultaneously, can promote the perfect of body reproductive capability, promote standby ewe puberty to start.
Trace element participates in the generation and activation of enzyme and hormone in animal body, participates in the almost all of Physiology and biochemistry mistake of body
Journey, although adding proportion plays an important role less than 0.5% to vital movement in feed.Organic trace element
It is the third generation trace mineral supplement after inorganic salts, organic acid salt, is by metallic element and protein, polypeptide, amino
The complex compound or chelate of the formation such as acid, organic acid, polysaccharide.Correlative study shows that organic trace element is a kind of safety, height
Effect, the additive of low stain, with higher bioavailability, can improve the breeding, growth and immunity function of animal, be livestock and poultry
One of important nutritional factors grown.Meanwhile, the use of organic trace element can also reduce trace element in daily ration
Addition, the corresponding discharge rate reduced in excreta, reduces the pollution to environment.Added in TRM of the present invention
Organic trace element Organic Chromium and yeast selenium, grow to standby ewe, development, breeding and immune all play certain raising and rush
Enter effect.
The present invention relates to a kind of TRM of standby ewe, so-called TRM (Total Mixed Ration,
Abbreviation TMR) it is exactly nutritional need according to ruminant (ox, sheep etc.), carried out broken coarse fodder, fine fodder and various additives are rubbed
It is sufficiently mixed and obtains the adequate diet of nutrient balance.TMR technologies originate in the 1950s, being initially by the scientific and technological people in the U.S.
Member is the well-designed adequate diet of milk cow of free-ranging.Gradually cause the great attention of countries in the world later, first in dairy
Such as state such as U.S., Israel of developed country starts extensive use, then develops the states such as Canada, Japan rapidly.Through substantial amounts of
Scientific experimentation and raise it was verified that TMR technologies have the advantages that it is following prominent:1. it can adapt in scale, intensive metaplasia
Production, it is feeding management saving of labor, time saving;2. the roughages such as industrial or agricultural byproduct, forage grass and ensiling can effectively be utilized, it is ensured that the thick ratio of essence
Example, it is to avoid feed waste and function of rumen are disorderly as caused by particular about food;3. it is easy to application system to regulate and control theory and technology excellent
Change feed formula, give full play to the genetic potential of ruminant growth.China starts application in 1990s in cattle farm.
At present, the cattle farm of the medium-and-large-sized scale of China has employed TMR breeding technologies, and achieves preferable effect.But raised in sheep
Aspect is supported, the research related to TMR, research report particularly related to ewe reproductive performance is relatively fewer.At present, except one
A little large-scale Yang Chang are raised using TMR, and most middle-size and small-size Yang Chang and raiser are still rested on " stalk+cereal "
In this binary feed structure, the method that feed mode still generally opens feeding using smart rough segmentation.And this traditional approach oneself can not fit
Should modern mutton sheep scale, the requirement of intensive manufacture.Its subject matter is:It is difficult to improve dry food ration, is difficult to protect
The feed of the suitable and stable concentrate-roughage ratio of card feeding, simultaneously because upset the dynamic equilibrium of the digested metabolism of cud, because
And coarse-fibred digestibility is reduced, cause Productive Performance of Sheep to be restricted, reproductive performance is also affected.And apply full mixing
Daily ration technology, can largely overcome above mentioned problem, lift feeding effect, promote the raising of ewe reproductive performance, together
When also reduce feeding cost.Therefore, it is the necessarily choosing of mutton sheep scale, standardization, intensive manufacture development using TMR technologies
Select.
In summary, the present invention intends making full use of local resources abundant and cheap unconventional water resources resource is as main original
Material, the functional organic trace element of auxiliary addition, is configured to standby ewe TRM (TMR), to meet standby ewe
The need for growing, the Suitable Body Weight that heat starts is reached, while by the addition of functional nutrient material, improving after sheep
The reproductive performance of standby ewe, promotes the heat of standby ewe, so as to reach the purpose of the ewe puberty of sheep standby ahead of time.
3rd, the content of the invention
Technical problem
As sheep husbandry is developed from traditional free-ranging mode to the intensive direction of scale, the intensive drylot feeding of height so that every
The standby ewe for having nearly more than 20% year influences the production schedule because of the delay of out of heat or estrus time, adds the production of ewe
Cost.Therefore, can standby ewe puberty start the outstanding problem turned into during sheep raising produces in good time.
The feed mode that traditional " stalk+cereal " smart rough segmentation is opened is unfavorable for the digestion and metabolism of sheep cud, and feed digestibility is low,
The production performance of sheep is restricted, and reproductive performance is also affected, and less adapts to modern mutton sheep scale, intensive manufacture
It is required that.Therefore, transformation conventional husbandry mode has become the problem of modern mutton sheep cultivation is in the urgent need to address.
Technical scheme
1. according to NRC (2007) ovine growth lamb nutritional requirements (daily gain 200g as expected), make full use of locality
The unconventional water resources resource such as aboundresources and cheap soybean residue, big beanstalk is used as primary raw material, the functional battalion of auxiliary addition
Material is supported, and by the way that raw material sources, three factors of cost and nutritional ingredient have been carried out with system optimization, forms TRM and matches somebody with somebody
Side.The need for the formula disclosure satisfy that bis- growth period developments of 15~25kg and 26~35kg, specific Diet Formula is as follows:
1) it is used for body weight 15~25kg stage daily rations:It is 180~210g of corn, 90~110g of dregs of beans, 90~110g of wheat bran, fresh
780~880g of soybean residue, big 470~510g of soya bean stem meal, 40~60g of DDGS, 35~40g of premix;
2) it is used for body weight 26~35kg stage daily rations:240~270g of corn, 120~150g of dregs of beans, 120~150g of wheat bran,
1000~1200g of fresh bean curd slag, big 620~700g of soya bean stem meal, 60~80g of DDGS, 40~60g of premix;
3) functional nutrient material is added in above-mentioned daily ration:80~100mg of Organic Chromium, 210~240mg of yeast selenium.
Premix:Main component and mass ratio are as follows:Attapulgite 70%~80%, salt 8%~10%, beneficial bacterium
2%~3%, B B-complex 1%~2%, calcium monohydrogen phosphate 8%~10%, coban 0.1%~0.3%.
Fresh bean curd slag:Fresh bean curd slag dry matter content 15%~25%, crude protein 10%~15%, crude fibre 20%~
25%, crude fat 1%~2%, calcium 0.4%~0.7%, phosphorus 0.2%~0.4%.The raw material has a large amount of confessions in Jiangsu various regions
Should.
Big beanstalk:Refer to after soybean harvest, remaining plant part.Majority, which was dried, in the past does fuel use.Soybean stalk is thick
Protein content is 7%~9%, and containing abundant cellulose, hemicellulose and pentosan by means of the fermentation of rumen microorganism
Effect, can be by cattle and sheep digestibility and utilization.Big beanstalk is as feed quantity is big, wide material sources.
2. TRM of the present invention, its technical indicator reaches:40%<Moisture<50%th, 13%<Crude protein<
14%th, 20%<Crude fibre<25%th, 0.8%<Calcium<0.9%th, 0.4%<Phosphorus<0.5%.
3. the preparation method of TRM of the present invention, including:
Step one:Corn is crushed to standby according to a conventional method, the hole diameter of sieve (perforated) plate of pulverizer is 1~2 millimeter;
Step 2:According to the daily standby ewe quantity to be fed, functional nutrient material has been weighed.Sought by feature
Support material and corn flour ratio 1:10 weigh corn flour, load weighted functional nutrient material are added in corn flour, fully
Stir standby.
Step 3:Raw material is weighed by formula rate, all raw materials addition TMR mixers are mixed, raw material addition
Sequencing is:Big soya bean stem meal, corn flour, dregs of beans, wheat bran, DDGS, functional nutrient material, premix, soybean residue, have fed
Into rear mixing 5~10 minutes.
Beneficial effect
A kind of TRM for promoting standby ewe puberty to start of the present invention, is the nutrition according to growth lamb
Need, by the use of unconventional water resources resources such as local resources abundant and cheap soybean residue, big beanstalks as primary raw material, auxiliary adds
Plus functional nutriment, it is adequately mixed and obtains the adequate diet of nutrient balance.TRM of the present invention is protected
The concentrate-roughage ratio of standby ewe daily ration is demonstrate,proved, it is to avoid feed waste and function of rumen are disorderly as caused by particular about food, can be abundant
The genetic potential of standby ewe growth is played, the Suitable Body Weight that heat starts is reached as early as possible.
A kind of TRM for promoting standby ewe puberty to start of the present invention, with the addition of in the preparation time has
The organic trace element Organic Chromium and yeast selenium of higher bioactivity, improve the breeding, growth and immunization machine of standby ewe
Can, the reproductive performance of standby ewe is improved, the heat for promoting standby ewe starts.
A kind of TRM for promoting standby ewe puberty to start of the present invention, because raw material sources are abundant, plus
Work technique is simple and low production cost, is conducive to extensive, merchandized handling.
The result of the test carried out using TRM of the present invention shows:At 6~7 monthly ages of sheep standby ewe, put down
Equal body weight reaches 32.44kg, reaches the 67.58% of sheep ewe adult weight, meets the heat of standby ewe and starts to growth
The requirement of development;Within experimental period, Oestrus rate reaches 46.15%, is control group conventinal breeding Oestrus rate 7.69% more than 6 times,
The heat for significantly promoting standby ewe starts.
4th, illustrate
Fig. 1 each groups test sheep growth tendency
Sheep heat situation in 120 days Fig. 2 experimental periods
5th, embodiment
(1) raw material prepares
Fresh bean curd slag:The byproduct produced by Raw material processing bean curd, soya-bean milk or soymilk of soybean, containing abundant fiber,
Protein, fat, isoflavones and vitamin etc., with good nutritive value.According to survey, fresh bean curd slag dry matter content 15%-
25%, crude protein 10%~15%, crude fibre 20%~25%, crude fat 1%~2%, calcium 0.4%~0.7%, phosphorus 0.2%
~0.4%.The raw material has a large amount of supplies in Jiangsu various regions.
Big beanstalk:Refer to after soybean harvest, remaining plant part.Majority, which was dried, in the past does fuel use.Soybean stalk is thick
Protein content is 7%~9%, and containing abundant cellulose, hemicellulose and pentosan by means of the fermentation of rumen microorganism
Effect, can be by cattle and sheep digestibility and utilization.Big beanstalk is as feed quantity is big, wide material sources.
Premix:For the finished product of voluntarily formulated, main component and mass ratio are as follows:(400 mesh, look up with eyes wide open attapulgite
Yi Xin sources Science and Technology Ltd.) 70%~80%, salt 8%~10%, (S102, the instrument bioengineering of Jiangsu three is limited for beneficial bacterium
Company) 2%~3%, B B-complex (HTG012, the earth pastoral song) 1%~2%, calcium monohydrogen phosphate 8%~10%, coban
(400g, the big health of promise) 0.1%~0.3%.
Other raw materials are commercially available.
(2) TRM formula
Daily ration composition sum amount is as follows:
1) it is used for body weight 15~25kg stage daily rations:Corn 195g, dregs of beans (70kg, China Oil and Food Import and Export Corporation's East Sea grain and oil) 100g, wheat bran
(the river wheat industry of 40kg, Yancheng City great Feng tri-) 100g, fresh bean curd slag 820g, big soya bean stem meal (grain length 0.5-3cm, water content<14%)
490g, DDGS (50kg, sunshine Run Yu trade Co., Ltd) 50g, premix 37g;
2) it is used for body weight 26~35kg stage daily rations:Corn 260g, dregs of beans (70kg, China Oil and Food Import and Export Corporation's East Sea grain and oil) 134g, wheat bran
(the river wheat industry of 40kg, Yancheng City great Feng tri-) 137g, fresh bean curd slag 1100g, big soya bean stem meal (grain length 0.5-3cm, water content<14%)
660g, DDGS (50kg, sunshine Run Yu trade Co., Ltd) 70g, premix 50g;
3) functional nutrient material is added in above-mentioned daily ration:Organic Chromium 90mg, yeast selenium 225mg.
(3) processing method
Step one:Corn is crushed to standby according to a conventional method, the hole diameter of sieve (perforated) plate of pulverizer is 1~2 millimeter;
Step 2:According to the daily standby ewe quantity to be fed, functional nutrient material is weighed, has been sought by feature
Support material and corn flour ratio 1:10 weigh corn flour, load weighted functional nutrient material are added in corn flour, fully
Stir standby.
Step 3:Raw material is weighed by formula rate, all raw materials are added into TMR mixers (9JSG-9 types, Shijiazhuang Xiang boat
Agricultural machinery Co., Ltd) mixed, the sequencing of raw material addition is:Big soya bean stem meal, corn flour, dregs of beans, wheat bran,
DDGS, functional nutrient material, premix, soybean residue, are mixed 5~10 minutes after the completion of charging.
(3) test result analysis
1st, test objective
Expected based on local unconventional water resources resource soybean residue, big beanstalk, prepare different nutrition levels and the different work(of addition
The sheep standby ewe of energy property nutriment mixes Diet sheep 3-4 monthly age lambs entirely, compares different formulations to feelings at the beginning of sheep
The influence of phase, filtering out can promote sheep to do sth. in advance heat and lift the Diet Formula of sheep ewe reproductive performance.
2nd, experimental design
This experiment is (40 under the thick ratio of same essence:60), using 3 × 2 factor designs, with reference to U.S. NRC (2007)-sheep
Lamb nutritional requirements is grown, point 3 trophic level:0.8 × NRC, 1.0 × NRC and 1.2 × NRC, 2 groups of additives:Pyridine first
Sour chromium+yeast selenium, folic acid+VE, point 6 groups.1 control group separately is set, without soybean residue, without functional nutrient material,
Trophic level is 1.0 × NRC.Packet situation refers to table 1 below:
Table 1 tests packet situation
3rd, result of the test
Each group experiment sheep growth tendency is shown in Fig. 1, and sheep heat situation is shown in Fig. 2 in 120 days experimental periods.As a result show:With
Feed the increase of number of days, each group sheep body weight is stepped up, wherein trophic level for 1.2 × NRC the increased weight of T5 and T6 groups most
It hurry up, the experiment end of term reaches 32.44kg and 33.55kg, is significantly higher than other groups;Meanwhile, T5 and T6 group Oestrus rates are also significantly greater than
Other groups, reach 46.15% and 38.46%;In T5 and T6 groups, to add the T5 group Oestrus rates of chromium picolinate+yeast selenium
Higher than addition folic acid+VE groups.
4th, conclusion (of pressure testing)
This result of the test shows that at 6~7 monthly ages of sheep standby ewe, body weight has reached 32.44kg, reached sheep ewe
The 67.58% of adult weight, meets requirement of the standby ewe heat startup to growing;Within experimental period, Oestrus rate reaches
It is control group conventinal breeding Oestrus rate 7.69% more than 6 times to 46.15%, the heat for significantly promoting standby ewe starts.Cause
This, using standby ewe TRM of the present invention, disclosure satisfy that the heat of standby ewe starts to wanting for growing
Ask, it is possible to increase the reproductive performance of standby ewe, reach the purpose of the ewe puberty of sheep standby ahead of time.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of TRM for promoting standby ewe puberty to start, including meet 15~25kg and 26 in the lamb fattening phase
The individual weight stages of~35kg bis-, the balanced nutritious supply in addition to drinking-water, it is characterised in that:
1) it is used for body weight 15~25kg stage daily rations:180~210g of corn, 90~110g of dregs of beans, 90~110g of wheat bran, fresh bean curd
780~880g of slag, big 470~510g of soya bean stem meal, 40~60g of DDGS, 35~40g of premix;
2) it is used for body weight 26~35kg stage daily rations:240~270g of corn, 120~150g of dregs of beans, 120~150g of wheat bran, fresh beans
Rotten 1000~1200g of slag, big 620~700g of soya bean stem meal, 60~80g of DDGS, 40~60g of premix;
3) functional nutrient material is added in above-mentioned daily ration:80~100mg of Organic Chromium, 210~240mg of yeast selenium.
2. a kind of TRM for promoting standby ewe puberty to start according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Premix:Main component and mass ratio are as follows:Attapulgite 70%~80%, salt 8%~10%, beneficial bacterium 2%
~3%, B B-complex 1%~2%, calcium monohydrogen phosphate 8%~10%, coban 0.1%~0.3%.
3. a kind of TRM for promoting standby ewe puberty to start according to claim 1 or 2, its feature exists
In:
Fresh bean curd slag:Fresh bean curd slag dry matter content 15%-25%, crude protein 10%~15%, crude fibre 20%~25%, slightly
Fat 1%~2%, calcium 0.4%~0.7%, phosphorus 0.2%~0.4%;
Soybean stalk gross protein value mass ratio is 7%~9%.
4. a kind of TRM for promoting standby ewe puberty to start according to claim 1 or 2, its feature exists
In:In the TRM in mass ratio:40%<Moisture<50%th, 13%<Crude protein<14%th, 20%<Crude fibre<25%th,
0.8%<Calcium<0.9%th, 0.4%<Phosphorus<0.5%.
5. a kind of TRM for promoting standby ewe puberty to start according to claim 3, it is characterised in that:Institute
State in TRM in mass ratio:40%<Moisture<50%th, 13%<Crude protein<14%th, 20%<Crude fibre<25%th, 0.8%
<Calcium<0.9%th, 0.4%<Phosphorus<0.5%.
6. a kind of one of claim 1-5 preparation methods for the TRM for promoting standby ewe puberty to start, bag
Include:
Step one:Corn is crushed to standby according to a conventional method, the hole diameter of sieve (perforated) plate of pulverizer is 1~2 millimeter;
Step 2:According to the daily standby ewe quantity to be fed, functional nutrient material is weighed, by functional nutrient material
With corn flour ratio 1:10 weigh corn flour, and load weighted functional nutrient material is added in corn flour, are sufficiently stirred for
It is even standby;
Step 3:Raw material is weighed by formula rate, all raw materials addition TMR mixers are mixed, the priority of raw material addition
Sequentially it is:Big soya bean stem meal, corn flour, dregs of beans, wheat bran, DDGS, functional nutrient material, premix, soybean residue, after the completion of charging
Mixing 5~10 minutes.
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CN101268809A (en) * | 2008-05-14 | 2008-09-24 | 北京新世纪劲能生物科技有限公司 | Compound premix for pregnancy sow |
CN101278706A (en) * | 2008-05-14 | 2008-10-08 | 北京新世纪劲能生物科技有限公司 | Feed stuff for backup sow, oestrus sow and breeding boar |
CN101548730A (en) * | 2008-05-14 | 2009-10-07 | 北京劲能生物科技股份公司 | Growing-finishing pig composite pre-mixing feed |
CN101715888A (en) * | 2009-11-03 | 2010-06-02 | 扬州大学 | Total mixed diet granulated feed for meat sheep and preparation method thereof |
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2017
- 2017-05-16 CN CN201710343033.XA patent/CN107156459A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN101268809A (en) * | 2008-05-14 | 2008-09-24 | 北京新世纪劲能生物科技有限公司 | Compound premix for pregnancy sow |
CN101278706A (en) * | 2008-05-14 | 2008-10-08 | 北京新世纪劲能生物科技有限公司 | Feed stuff for backup sow, oestrus sow and breeding boar |
CN101548730A (en) * | 2008-05-14 | 2009-10-07 | 北京劲能生物科技股份公司 | Growing-finishing pig composite pre-mixing feed |
CN101715888A (en) * | 2009-11-03 | 2010-06-02 | 扬州大学 | Total mixed diet granulated feed for meat sheep and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20170915 |