CN107156040A - 一种无抗农产品饲养方法 - Google Patents
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/02—Breeding vertebrates
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
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- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
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- Botany (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
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- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
Abstract
一种无抗农产品饲养方法，其特征在于，饲养动物的饲料为由木本植物的动物可食用部分与芳香植物的动物可食用部分组合而成，二者的重量比例为1：0.3‑2；所述饲养动物的场地周围种植有芳樟树、牛樟树，每平米饲养场地种植有0.1株以上，饲养动物的圈舍采用芳香植物定期烟熏或芳香植物提取物喷洒消毒；不使用抗生素及药物消毒方式；饲养动物过程中发现动物出现病症，不使用药物及抗生素治疗，在饲料中添加大蒜、肉桂、薄荷、山苍子或柠檬的可食用部分，木本植物的动物可食用部分与其比例为1：0.1‑0.2。采用本发明所述的无抗农产品饲养方法，饲养全程不添加任何化学药物和生物抗生素，农产品健康安全，不残留任何危害身体健康的药物。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于农业领域，涉及一种养殖方法，具体涉及一种无抗农产品饲养方法。
背景技术
养殖业主要包括牛、马、驴、骡、骆驼、猪、羊、鸡、鸭、鹅、兔、蜂 等家畜家禽饲养业和鹿、貂、水獭、麝等野生经济动物驯养业。它不但为纺织、油脂、食品、制药等工业提供原料，也为人民生活提供肉、乳、蛋、禽等丰富食品，为农业提供役畜和粪肥。
随着人们对肉、蛋、奶需求的持续增加及草场、坡地、林地等传统家畜家禽饲养场地的缩小，对家畜家禽的饲养朝集约化和高密度发展，虽然提高了肉蛋奶产量，但集约化大密度饲养不可避免的带来家畜日常活动量减小，抵抗力降低及疫病易流行等危害，为保证饲养成活量及出栏时间，不得不在饲料中大量使用激素和抗生素， 不仅影响动物肉质评价，同时使得造成瘟疫的微生物抗药性增强。
发明内容
为克服现有家畜家禽采用集约化大规模饲养方法带来的肉质变差，易感染瘟疫及致病微生物抗药性增加的技术缺陷，本发明公开了一种无抗农产品饲养方法。
本发明所述一种无抗农产品饲养方法，其特征在于，
饲养动物的饲料为由木本植物的动物可食用部分与芳香植物的动物可食用部分组合而成，二者的重量比例为1：0.3-2；
所述饲养动物的场地周围种植有芳樟树、牛樟树，每平米饲养场地种植有0.1株以上，饲养动物的圈舍采用芳香植物定期烟熏或芳香植物提取物喷洒消毒；不使用抗生素及药物消毒方式；
饲养动物过程中发现动物出现病症，不使用药物及抗生素治疗，在饲料中添加大蒜、肉桂、薄荷、山苍子或柠檬的可食用部分，木本植物的动物可食用部分与其比例为1：0.1-0.2。
优选的，所述饲料中的芳香植物包括但不限于紫薇、柠檬、茉莉、蔷薇、石竹、铃兰、紫罗兰、玫瑰、桂花、薄荷、大蒜、紫苏、金银花中的一种或多种。
优选的，所述定期熏烟消毒过程中使用的方向植物为艾草、薄荷叶，所述提取物为稀释的芳香植物精油，稀释比例为1:300-500体积比。
进一步的，所述芳香植物精油为艾叶、薄荷、迷迭香、罗勒、香叶天葵竹、玫瑰、柠檬草、肉桂精油。
优选的，所述木本植物为槐树、松树、榆树、银合欢树、灌木柳、紫穗槐、柠条、棘豆、百里香、沙棘中、沙枣、橡树、杨树、蛋白桑中的一种或多种。
优选的，所述提取物为山苍子、柠檬、茉莉、蔷薇、石竹、铃兰、紫罗兰、玫瑰、桂花的花、叶、花蕾提取液。
采用本发明所述的无抗农产品饲养方法，饲养全程不添加任何化学药物和生物抗生素，农产品健康安全，不残留任何危害身体健康的药物。
具体实施方式
下面对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步的详细说明。
本发明所述的无抗农产品饲养方法，其特征在于，饲养动物的饲料为由木本植物的动物可食用部分与芳香植物的动物可食用部分组合而成，二者的重量比例为1：0.3-2。
芳香植物是兼有药用植物和香料植物共有属性的植物类群。芳香植物除了它的药用价值外，它还含有香气成分。常见的芳香植物包括：薰衣草，风信子，迷迭香，薄荷，百里香，罗勒，圣约翰草，洋甘菊，留兰香等等。芳香植物具不完全统计在世界上有3600多种，被有效开发利用的有400多种，分属于唇型科，菊科，伞型科，十字花科，芸香科，姜科，豆科，鸢尾科，蔷薇科。
所述芳香植物包括但不限于紫薇、柠檬、茉莉、蔷薇、石竹、铃兰、紫罗兰、玫瑰、桂花、薄荷、大蒜、紫苏、金银花中的一种或多种。
木本植物的树叶、果实、枝条等都具有较高的蛋白质含量，可以作为牲畜的主食饲料。例如槐树的新鲜树叶蛋白质含量可高达28%，榆树叶、松树叶、银合欢叶中的蛋白质含量也在25-28%以上，完全可以满足大型牲畜的日常蛋白质需求。因此树林中可以以上述槐树、榆树、松树、银合欢等作为主要种植树木。
本发明中，木本植物在动物食物中的整体质量占比应不小于三分之一，以保证饲料的营养成分。虽然可以以投放饲料的形式喂养动物，但也可以在树林中种植木本植物与芳香类植物混合搭配，。
对于木本植物的可食用部分，可以是木本植物的树叶、枝条或果实等，例如可以选择松针叶、桑树叶、枣树叶、苹果树叶、柳树叶、泡桐叶、洋槐叶、榆树叶、白杨叶、蛋白桑等树叶，也可以选择灌木柳、紫穗槐、柠条、棘豆、百里香、沙棘、银合欢的嫩枝条，或木豆、沙棘果、橡子、沙枣果、角豆等木本植物的果实，以上木本植物的叶、枝和果实蛋白质含量也均在5-18%之间，也可以满足动物饲养需要。蛋白桑叶子蛋白最大达到36%，枝条蛋白达到28%，叶子是食用的新鲜蔬菜，桑茶也是可以降三高的纯天然品，桑粉是美容养颜的佳品。枝条是最好的饲料植物蛋白。
芳香植物中的芳香成本能有效抑制细菌，发明人发现，在木本饲料中按照1：0.3-1的重量比例掺入紫薇、茉莉、柠檬等植物的叶和果实，磨碎后混合，检测饲料萃取溶液中的原生菌数量相对未加入芳香植物的木本饲料减少了30-60%，在木本饲料中按照1：0.3-0.6的重量比例加入茉莉、蔷薇、石竹、铃兰、紫罗兰、玫瑰、桂花等芳香植物的花、叶、花蕾、嫩枝条等动物可食用部分，磨碎后的混合物萃取溶液中结核杆菌、肺炎杆菌、葡萄杆菌菌落数相对未加入芳香植物的木本饲料减少20-50%。
此外，所述饲养动物的场地周围种植有芳樟树、牛樟树，每平米饲养场地种植有0.1株以上，试验证明，芳樟树有净化有毒空气的能力，能过滤出清新干净的空气，芳樟树的根、茎、叶、花、果实中都含有大量芳樟醇，芳樟醇是一种易挥发物质，具有抗炎抗菌等药理活性，动物生活在芳樟醇挥发的空气中会有效减少动物疾病发生；牛樟树表面易生长牛樟芝，腺苷、三萜类含量极高，达两百多种，以及含有水解多糖类、超氧歧化酵素等，具有很好且有效的抗菌抗炎效应，可以抑制细菌繁殖，提高动物免疫力。对于饲养动物的圈舍采用芳香植物定期烟熏或芳香植物提取物喷洒消毒；例如艾草、薄荷每半月熏蒸一次，持续4小时以上，不使用抗生素及药物消毒方式。所述提取物可以为稀释的芳香植物精油，稀释比例为1:300-500体积比。
玫瑰、柠檬草、肉桂精油既有很强的抗真菌活性，又有强抗细菌活性。而艾叶、薄荷、迷迭香、罗勒、香叶天葵竹等植物的精油主要成分是萜烯，能够对金黄色葡萄球菌繁殖进行有效抑制。芳香植物精油可以选择以上植物的精油。
饲养动物过程中如发现动物出现病症，不使用药物及抗生素治疗，在饲料中添加大蒜、肉桂、薄荷、山苍子或柠檬的可食用部分，山苍子是中国境内特有的香料植物，是生产山苍子油、提制柠檬醛、制造特种香精的原料树。大蒜性温味辛辣，具有行气滞、暖脾胃的功效，大蒜还有消炎、杀菌、止泻、利尿、降压、祛痰、防癌等作用；大蒜含有大蒜素，有十分强烈的杀菌能力，对葡萄球菌、痢疾杆菌、霍乱弧菌、大肠杆菌、伤寒杆菌、炭疽杆菌、霉菌、脑膜炎双球菌、肺炎双球菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、结核杆菌、白喉杆菌均有杀灭作用。大蒜中含有巯基化合物，抑制一类代谢酶活性，可抑制杀灭胃内幽门螺旋杆菌，减少胃黏膜细胞炎性反应。山苍子和柠檬的叶及果实中含有大量的柠檬醛，对于细菌霉菌生长有强烈的抑制作用。如果使用以上食疗方法治疗不力，对于患病动物可以隔离，死亡动物可以在远离圈舍处深挖掩埋。
采用本发明所述的家畜及家禽养殖方法，采用木本饲料与芳香饲料混合，优选放养在木本植物及芳香植物混合的树林中，不仅实现了家畜家禽的放养，使饲养动物肉质回归，口感更好，而且拓展了饲料原料来源，采用芳香饲料混合提高了饲料口感，并具备一定的药性，提高了饲养动物的抗病性能。
采用本发明所述的无抗农产品饲养方法，饲养全程不添加任何化学药物和生物抗生素，农产品健康安全，不残留任何危害身体健康的药物。
前文所述的为本发明的各个优选实施例，各个优选实施例中的优选实施方式如果不是明显自相矛盾或以某一优选实施方式为前提，各个优选实施方式都可以任意叠加组合使用，所述实施例以及实施例中的具体参数仅是为了清楚表述发明人的发明验证过程，并非用以限制本发明的专利保护范围，本发明的专利保护范围仍然以其权利要求书为准，凡是运用本发明的说明书内容所作的等同结构变化，同理均应包含在本发明的保护范围内。
Claims (6)
1.一种无抗农产品饲养方法，其特征在于，
饲养动物的饲料为由木本植物的动物可食用部分与芳香植物的动物可食用部分组合而成，二者的重量比例为1：0.3-2；
所述饲养动物的场地周围种植有芳樟树、牛樟树，每平米饲养场地种植有0.1株以上，饲养动物的圈舍采用芳香植物定期烟熏或芳香植物提取物喷洒消毒；不使用抗生素及药物消毒方式；
饲养动物过程中发现动物出现病症，不使用药物及抗生素治疗，在饲料中添加大蒜、肉桂、薄荷、山苍子或柠檬的可食用部分，木本植物的动物可食用部分与其比例为1：0.1-0.2。
2.如权利要求1所述的无抗农产品饲养方法，其特征在于，所述饲料中的芳香植物包括但不限于紫薇、柠檬、茉莉、蔷薇、石竹、铃兰、紫罗兰、玫瑰、桂花、薄荷、大蒜、紫苏、金银花中的一种或多种。
3.如权利要求1所述的无抗农产品饲养方法，其特征在于，所述定期熏烟消毒过程中使用的芳香植物为艾草、薄荷叶，所述提取物为稀释的芳香植物精油，稀释比例为1:300-500体积比。
4.如权利要求3所述的无抗农产品饲养方法，其特征在于，所述芳香植物精油为艾叶、薄荷、迷迭香、罗勒、香叶天葵竹、玫瑰、柠檬草、肉桂精油。
5.如权利要求1所述的无抗农产品饲养方法，其特征在于，所述木本植物为槐树、松树、榆树、银合欢树、灌木柳、紫穗槐、柠条、棘豆、百里香、沙棘中、沙枣、橡树、杨树、蛋白桑中的一种或多种。
6.如权利要求1所述的无抗农产品饲养方法，其特征在于，所述提取物为山苍子、柠檬、茉莉、蔷薇、石竹、铃兰、紫罗兰、玫瑰、桂花的花、叶、花蕾提取液。
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