CN107152922B - A kind of method of on-position measure annular plane form error - Google Patents
A kind of method of on-position measure annular plane form error Download PDFInfo
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- CN107152922B CN107152922B CN201710298345.3A CN201710298345A CN107152922B CN 107152922 B CN107152922 B CN 107152922B CN 201710298345 A CN201710298345 A CN 201710298345A CN 107152922 B CN107152922 B CN 107152922B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
- G01B21/20—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring contours or curvatures, e.g. determining profile
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
- G01B21/30—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring roughness or irregularity of surfaces
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of methods of on-position measure annular plane form error, are realized based on a kind of large-scale anchor ring form error on-position measure system.On-position measure system includes posture adjustment part, rotating part and measurement part；Posture adjustment part includes posture adjustment platform, posture adjustment motor and pinboard；Rotating part include circular index try to get to the heart of a matter seat and high-precision divide circular index disk；Measurement portion point includes clamp of sensor, sensor holder, touch sensor and its corollary equipment.The present invention realizes application of the line-of-sight course on measuring anchor ring flat form error, realize the algorithm improvement that on-position measure anchor ring flat form error can be realized to line-of-sight course simultaneously, it can realize the on-position measure to anchor ring flat form error, the part processing duration can be greatly reduced, influence of the multiple clamping for element precision is reduced.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to flatness error on-position measure methods, can be widely applied to such as aero-engine, centrifugal compressor
Etc. Important Projects equipment ring-shape accessory the measurement of planeness.
Background technology
When machine components are assembled, the form error of assembly interface is extremely important, and form error often influences to connect
It touches rigidity and assembly precision needs the form error of test part to accurately control assembly performance.Currently, China is very
Large-scale annular plane is widely present in more Grand Equipments, such as the high pressure in aero-engine, low-pressure turbine shaft, high pressure are calmed the anger
A large amount of annular plane, the inspection of the assembly problem and form error of these high precision parts are there is in the parts such as machine disk drum
Survey relationship is very close, and workpiece tends not to arbitrarily rotate in assembling process, thus for the dress of these high precision parts
With problem, it is most important to carry out on-position measure.
Gradually two point method is a kind of important method applied to measuring straightness error, passes through the place to multiple row test data
Reason, can obtain the flatness error of rectangle plane, but its Processing Algorithm can eliminate the not concordant error of transducer probe assembly, but
The support corners error in sensor installation process, while the also more difficult plane applied to narrow planar annular cannot be isolated
It spends in error-detecting；Line-of-sight course is gradually the extension of two point method, when detecting flatness error using anchor ring as measurement object,
Since line-of-sight course can separate Initial Alignment Error, thus there is higher measurement accuracy, but it may not apply to
Position measures, i.e., sensor is fixed and so that workpiece rotates in measurement process, is not suitable for the shape in assembling process
Position tolerance measurement.
The on-position measure method based on line-of-sight course that this paper presents a kind of, this method may be implemented in assembling process to large size
The flatness error of annular plane measures, and the influence of zero error can be effectively eliminated by algorithm, has important show
Sincere justice.
Invention content
For the component assembly problem in aero-engine with large-scale annular plane, the present invention is based on line-of-sight course measurements
The basic principle of annular plane, a kind of incorporation engineering practice, it is proposed that survey in place for annular plane flatness error
Amount method.
The technical solution of this method：
A kind of anchor ring flatness on-line system is applied to aero-engine reel and is surveyed with the flatness for boring wall end face
Measuring appratus structure includes posture adjustment part, rotating part and measurement part；
Posture adjustment part includes posture adjustment platform 5, posture adjustment platform motor 4 and pinboard；Posture adjustment platform 5 is used to adjust time along z-axis and x-axis
Gyration is controlled by posture adjustment platform motor 4, and posture adjustment platform motor 4 is controlled by controller；Z-axis is the axis perpendicular to 5 plane of posture adjustment platform,
Adjust the angle is 0 °~360 °；X-axis is the axis of vertical 4 axis direction of posture adjustment platform motor, and it is -30 °~30 ° to adjust the angle；Pinboard
Lower surface be connected on 5 table top of posture adjustment platform, upper surface side is connected with circular index and tries to get to the heart of a matter seat 7；
Rotating part includes that circular index tries to get to the heart of a matter and seat 7 and divides circular index disk 1；Circular index tries to get to the heart of a matter 7 main body of seat as cube
Frame structure, both side surface and bottom surface are provided with T-slot, and T-slot is connected with pinboard by bolt and nut；Circular index disk
Gear on 1 and the circular index gear on seat 7 of trying to get to the heart of a matter engage；Circular index tries to get to the heart of a matter 7 top surface of seat equipped with spanner, and spanner is pulled forward
It is dynamic, it drives circular index disk 1 to travel forward, gear on circular index disk 1 and the circular index gear on seat 7 of trying to get to the heart of a matter is made to nibble
It closes, can rotate required angle manually, spanner is pulled to returning, and keeps the gear that circular index disk 1 is tried to get to the heart of a matter with circular index on seat 7 de-
From engagement, and it is stuck with fixation；
The minimum angle of revolution of circular index disk 1 is 1 °, rotating accuracy 10``, and T-type is provided on 1 table top of circular index disk
Slot and centre bore；1 side of circular index disk is positioned by the mandrel of centre bore and clamp of sensor 10, passes through T-slot and bolt
The cooperation of nut 2 is fixed, and the other side is engaged by gear and the circular index gear on seat 7 of trying to get to the heart of a matter；
Measurement portion point includes clamp of sensor 10, sensor holder and touch sensor 8；Clamp of sensor 10 is circle
Dish structure is disposed with 4 groups of sensor jacks altogether on clamp of sensor 10, wherein two groups are single sensor jack, quantity 3
A, another two groups are double sensor jack, often arrange 3, totally 6；Often row sensor jack center hub position be set as 0 °,
90 °, 180 ° and 270 °, the sensor jack of central sensor jack both sides and the angle at center are 10 °；All sensings in often arranging
Device jack is equal at a distance from the center of circle, unequal between row and row, and sensor jack and the circle center distance of clamp of sensor 10 are
100mm~300mm；Single sensor jack is used for measuring the form error on flange face on centerline hole, and double sensor is inserted
Hole is used for the form error of measured hole radially opposite sides；One sensor holder of installation is used for fixed connect in each sensor jack
Touch sensor 8；The data that touch sensor 8 measures are write by RS232 bus transfers to host computer in host computer
Labview programs carry out digital independent and analysis.
Due to on-position measure to be realized, i.e. workpiece is motionless, and measuring instrument rotation, measuring instrument and anchor ring is coaxial at this time
The influence spent to measured value is very big, which may be implemented the leveling to concentricity so that on-position measure circular planes degree is reliable
Property greatly improves.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：The present invention realizes application of the line-of-sight course on measuring anchor ring flat form error,
The algorithm improvement that can realize on-position measure anchor ring flat form error to line-of-sight course is realized simultaneously, can be realized to annulus
The on-position measure of facial plane form error can greatly reduce the part processing duration, reduce multiple clamping for element precision
It influences.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is sensor leveling schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is measurement error schematic diagram.
In figure：1 circular index disk；2 bolt and nuts；3T type bolt and nuts；4 posture adjustment platform motors；5 posture adjustment platforms；7 circular indexs
It tries to get to the heart of a matter seat；8 touch sensors；10 clamp of sensor；11 spanners.
Specific implementation mode
Below in conjunction with attached drawing and technical solution, the specific implementation mode that further illustrates the present invention.
Embodiment
A kind of method of on-position measure annular plane form error, steps are as follows：
Step A：Five touch sensors 8 are at least installed, wherein three touch sensors on clamp of sensor 10
8V1、V2And V3It is measurement sensor, is mountable in any socket hole in any group, but be necessarily mounted at same row；The
Four touch sensor 8V4It is installed on and V2In the jack that angle is 90 °, and it is located at center hub；5th contact-sensing
Device 8V5It is installed on and V2In the jack that angle is 90 °, and it is located at center hub, with V4Symmetrically；Wherein V1、V2Folded central angle
For α1, V2、V3Folded central angle is α2, wherein：α1=α2=α, andN is the measurement point quantity on part to be measured；
Step B：If the inclination angle of part to be measured and the axis of 10 disk of clamp of sensor is θ, corner when measuring every time is α, if
V1, V2, V3Three touch sensors 8 at a distance from part to be measured are respectively d in y-axis direction1, d2, d3, due to installation error it is difficult to
Complete leveling, therefore have unevenness error delta1=d2-d1, δ2=d3-d1, then for k-th of measurement point, have：
δ′1=δ1+Rθ{cos(kα)-cos[(k+1)α]} (1)
δ′2=δ2+Rθ{cos(kα)-cos[(k+2)α]} (2)
Above formula shows：Workpiece is in on-position measure, zero error δ '1With δ '2Not definite value, but the function of corner α, but
We can make δ by leveling process1> > R θ, thus δ ' can be approximately considered1=δ1, δ '2=δ2；
To V2, V4, V5Three 8 gauge heads of touch sensor carry out leveling processing, and leveling is realized by posture adjustment platform 5, posture adjustment platform 5
Tool there are two degree of freedom, can be adjusted by posture adjustment platform motor 4 x-axis direction withzThe rotation of axis direction；Z-axis direction is adjusted first
Rotation so that V4And V5The reading of two sensors is identical, then adjusts the rotation of x-axis direction so that V2Reading and V4And V5's
It reads identical；
Step C：After Levelling operation, V2, V4, V5Determine a basal plane；V1, V3Two touch sensors 8 and this basal plane
Certain sensor installation error is had in the y-axis direction, it can be by adjusting clamp of sensor 10 repeatedly to minimize difference
Value, installation error δ1、δ2It is difficult complete leveling, leveling can only make δ1、δ2Reduce as far as possible；
Step D：After completing step B and step C, V is read1, V2, V3Numerical value simultaneously records the first group number-reading；Then it pulls forward
Spanner 11 allows circular index disk 1 to rotate, and rotates clockwise or counterclockwise circular index disk 1 later, and corner α is pulled backward
Wrench 11 makes circular index disk 1 fix, and records the second group number-reading, and so on, read N group number-readings；
If S (k) is the component of part kth to be measured time measurement point flatness error in the y-axis direction, R (k) is clamp of sensor
The component of 10 kth time measurement point on the y axis, tan γ (k) are angles caused by clamp of sensor plane error.V1(k)、V2(k)、
V3(k) it is respectively sensor V1、V2、V3Same group of measured value, intervals of the Δ l between two adjacent measurement points then has：
V1(k)=S (k) (3)+R (k)
V2(k)=S (k+1)+R (k)+Δ l tan γ (k) (4)
V3(k)+2 Δ l tan γ (k) (5) of=S (k+2)+R (k)
R (1)=0 is enabled, then has S (1)=V1(1), S (2)=V2(1), to acquire recurrence formula：
S (k+2)=V1(k)-2V2(k)+V3(k)-S(k)+2S(k+1) (6)
Have when unevenness error caused by considering that peace turns：
V1(k)=S (k) (7)+R (k)
V2(k)=S (k+ Δ l)+R (k)+Δ l tan γ (k)+δ1 (8)
V3(k)=S (k+2 Δ l)+R (k)+2 Δ l tan γ (k)+δ2 (9)
It is so as to the error term for obtaining S (k+2) using induction：
Step E：It reads N group number-readings and is rotated further circular index disk 1 later, read N+1 groups and N+2 group data, use
To eliminate initial value error.Since tested surface is annulus, and haveTherefore N+1 points and the 1st point coincidence, N+2 points and
2nd point of coincidence, enables
A=S (N+2)-S (2), b=S (N+1)-S (1), (11)
δ can be solved1And δ2Value be respectively：
It solves, δ1And δ2In substitution formula (6), the value Δ s (k+2) of the error term of S (k+2) can be obtained, then error separate formula
For
Claims (1)
1. a kind of method of on-position measure annular plane form error, which is characterized in that a kind of on-position measure annulus
The method of shape flat form error carries out on-line measurement with a kind of anchor ring flatness on-line system；
The anchor ring flatness on-line system includes posture adjustment part, rotating part and measurement part；
Posture adjustment part includes posture adjustment platform (5), posture adjustment platform motor (4) and pinboard；Posture adjustment platform (5) is used to adjust along z-axis and x-axis
Angle of revolution, is controlled by posture adjustment platform motor (4), and posture adjustment platform motor (4) is controlled by controller；Z-axis is flat perpendicular to posture adjustment platform (5)
The axis in face, it is 0 °~360 ° to adjust the angle；X-axis be vertical posture adjustment platform motor (4) axis direction axis, adjust the angle for -30 °~
30°；The lower surface of pinboard is connected on posture adjustment platform (5) table top, and upper surface side is connected with circular index and tries to get to the heart of a matter seat (7)；
Rotating part includes that circular index tries to get to the heart of a matter and seat (7) and divides circular index disk (1)；Circular index tries to get to the heart of a matter seat (7) main body as side
Body frame structure, both side surface and bottom surface are provided with T-slot, and T-slot is connected with pinboard by bolt and nut；Circular index
Gear on disk (1) and the circular index gear on seat (7) of trying to get to the heart of a matter engage；Circular index tries to get to the heart of a matter seat (7) top surface equipped with spanner, pulls
Hand is pulled forward, and circular index disk (1) is driven to travel forward, and gear on circular index disk (1) and circular index is made to try to get to the heart of a matter seat
(7) the gear engagement on, manually angle needed for rotation, spanner are pulled to returning, and circular index disk (1) and circular index is made to try to get to the heart of a matter seat
(7) gear on is disengaged from, and stuck with fixation；
The minimum angle of revolution of circular index disk (1) is 1 °, and rotating accuracy is 10 ", T-type is provided on circular index disk (1) table top
Slot and centre bore；Circular index disk (1) side is positioned by the mandrel of centre bore and clamp of sensor (10), by T-slot and
Bolt and nut (2) cooperation is fixed, and the other side is engaged by gear and the circular index gear on seat (7) of trying to get to the heart of a matter；
Measurement portion point includes clamp of sensor (10), sensor holder and touch sensor (8)；Clamp of sensor (10) is
Disc structure is disposed with 4 groups of sensor jacks altogether on clamp of sensor (10), wherein two groups are single sensor jack, number
Amount is 3, and another two groups are double sensor jack, often arrange 3, totally 6；Often the center hub position of row's sensor jack is set as
0 °, 90 °, 180 ° and 270 °, the sensor jack of central sensor jack both sides and the angle at center are 10 °；Own in often arranging
Sensor jack is equal at a distance from the center of circle, unequal between row and row, the center of circle of sensor jack and clamp of sensor (10)
Distance is 100mm~300mm；Single sensor jack is used for measuring the flatness on flange face on centerline hole, double sensing
Device jack is used for the flatness of measured hole radially opposite sides；One sensor holder of installation is used for fixing in each sensor jack
Touch sensor (8)；The data that touch sensor (8) measures are by RS232 bus transfers to host computer, in host computer
It writes Labview programs and carries out digital independent and analysis；
Measuring process is as follows：
Step A：Five touch sensors (8) are at least installed, wherein three touch sensors on clamp of sensor (10)
(8)V1、V2And V3It is measurement sensor, is installed in any socket hole in any group, but be necessarily mounted at same row；The
Four touch sensor (8) V4It is installed on and V2In the jack that angle is 90 °, and it is located at center hub；5th contact passes
Sensor (8) V5It is installed on and V2In the jack that angle is 90 °, and it is located at center hub, with V4Symmetrically；Wherein V1、V2Folded circle
Heart angle is α1, V2、V3Folded central angle is α2, wherein：α1=α2=α, andN is the measurement point quantity on part to be measured；
Step B：If the inclination angle of part to be measured and the axis of clamp of sensor (10) disk is θ, corner when measuring every time is α, if V1,
V2, V3Three touch sensors (8) at a distance from part to be measured are respectively d in y-axis direction1, d2, d3, due to installation error it is difficult to
Complete leveling, therefore have unevenness error delta1=d2-d1, δ2=d3-d1, then for k-th of measurement point, have：
δ′1=δ1+Rθ{cos(kα)-cos[(k+1)α]} (1)
δ′2=δ2+Rθ{cos(kα)-cos[(k+2)α]} (2)
Above formula shows：Part to be measured is in on-position measure, zero error δ '1With δ '2Not definite value, but the function of corner α, pass through
Leveling process makes δ1> > R θ, it is thus regarded that δ '1=δ1, δ '2=δ2；
To V2, V4, V5Three touch sensor (8) gauge heads carry out leveling processing, and leveling is realized by posture adjustment platform (5), posture adjustment platform
(5) there are two degree of freedom for tool, and the rotation of x-axis direction and z-axis direction is adjusted by posture adjustment platform motor (4)；Z-axis direction is adjusted first
Rotation so that V4And V5The reading of two sensors is identical, then adjusts the rotation of x-axis direction so that V2Reading and V4And V5's
It reads identical；
Step C：After Levelling operation, V2, V4, V5Determine a basal plane；V1, V3Two touch sensors (8) are with this basal plane in y
There are installation errors in axis direction makes δ by adjusting clamp of sensor (10) repeatedly to minimize difference1、δ2Subtract as far as possible
It is small；
Step D：After completing step B and step C, V is read1, V2, V3Numerical value simultaneously records the first group number-reading；Then spanner is pulled forward
(11) so that circular index disk (1) is rotated, rotate clockwise or counterclockwise circular index disk (1) later, corner α is pulled backward
Spanner (11) keeps circular index disk (1) fixed, records the second group number-reading, and so on, read N group number-readings；
If S (k) is the component of part kth to be measured time measurement point flatness error in the y-axis direction, R (k) is clamp of sensor (10)
The component of kth time measurement point on the y axis, tan γ (k) are the tangent values of angle caused by clamp of sensor plane error；V1
(k)、V2(k)、V3(k) it is respectively sensor V1、V2、V3Same group of measured value, intervals of the Δ l between two adjacent measurement points then has：
V1(k)=S (k) (3)+R (k)
V2(k)=S (k+1)+R (k)+Δ l tan γ (k) (4)
V3(k)+2 Δ l tan γ (k) (5) of=S (k+2)+R (k)
R (1)=0 is enabled, then has S (1)=V1(1), S (2)=V2(1), to acquire recurrence formula：
S (k+2)=V1(k)-2V2(k)+V3(k)-S(k)+2S(k+1) (6)
Have when unevenness error caused by considering that peace turns：
V1(k)=S (k) (7)+R (k)
V2(k)=S (k+ Δ l)+R (k)+Δ l tan γ (k)+δ1 (8)
V3(k)=S (k+2 Δ l)+R (k)+2 Δ l tan γ (k)+δ2 (9)
Using induction, the error term to obtain S (k+2) is：
Step E：It reads N group number-readings and is rotated further circular index disk (1) later, read N+1 groups and N+2 group data, to
Eliminate initial value error；Since tested surface is annulus, and haveTherefore N+1 points and the 1st point of coincidence, N+2 points and the 2nd
Point overlaps, and enables
A=S (N+2)-S (2), b=S (N+1)-S (1), (11)
Solve δ1And δ2Value be respectively：
It solves, δ1And δ2In substitution formula (6), the value Δ s (k+2) of the error term of S (k+2) can be obtained, then error separate formula is
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| CN108240790A (en) * | 2016-12-27 | 2018-07-03 | 襄阳爱默思智能检测装备有限公司 | A kind of turbine blade plane degree method for fast measuring |
| US10976146B2 (en) | 2017-05-03 | 2021-04-13 | Dalian University Of Technology | System for shape error in-situ measurement of large-scale torus |
| US20190178642A1 (en) * | 2017-05-03 | 2019-06-13 | Dalian University Of Technology | Method for shape error in-situ measurement of toruses |
| CN110514164B (en) * | 2017-12-17 | 2020-11-24 | 正斌超市平阳有限公司 | Based on synchronous motion formula circularity error separator |
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| CN114001632B (en) * | 2021-11-02 | 2023-09-19 | 中国科学院光电技术研究所 | Flatness detection device and detection method for large ultra-precise annular plane |
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