CN107141010B - Sponge water permeable brick and production process thereof - Google Patents
Sponge water permeable brick and production process thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN107141010B CN107141010B CN201710324995.0A CN201710324995A CN107141010B CN 107141010 B CN107141010 B CN 107141010B CN 201710324995 A CN201710324995 A CN 201710324995A CN 107141010 B CN107141010 B CN 107141010B
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- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
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- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
- C04B35/16—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on silicates other than clay
- C04B35/18—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on silicates other than clay rich in aluminium oxide
- C04B35/19—Alkali metal aluminosilicates, e.g. spodumene
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- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/62204—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products using waste materials or refuse
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- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
- C04B35/63—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B using additives specially adapted for forming the products, e.g.. binder binders
- C04B35/6303—Inorganic additives
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- C04B38/00—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3205—Alkaline earth oxides or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. beryllium oxide
- C04B2235/3208—Calcium oxide or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. lime
- C04B2235/321—Dolomites, i.e. mixed calcium magnesium carbonates
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/34—Non-metal oxides, non-metal mixed oxides, or salts thereof that form the non-metal oxides upon heating, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3418—Silicon oxide, silicic acids, or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. silica sol, fused silica, silica fume, cristobalite, quartz or flint
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/34—Non-metal oxides, non-metal mixed oxides, or salts thereof that form the non-metal oxides upon heating, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3427—Silicates other than clay, e.g. water glass
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
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Abstract
The invention relates to a sponge water permeable brick and a production process thereof, wherein the sponge water permeable brick comprises the following raw materials: quartz, potassium feldspar, albite, lithium feldspar, cement, ceramic waste, construction slag waste, coal slag, a foaming agent, a plasticizer and water glass; the production process comprises the following steps: respectively crushing the ceramic waste, the building slag waste and the coal slag into powder; then uniformly mixing all the raw materials to obtain a mixture, adding water into the mixture, uniformly mixing, and molding to obtain a brick blank; drying the brick blank; calcining to obtain the sponge water permeable brick. The invention has the beneficial effects that: the foaming agent and the plasticizer contained in the sponge water permeable brick can enable the sponge water permeable brick to generate a large number of uniform and fine micropores, and the generation of the micropores increases the water retention and water permeability effects of the sponge water permeable brick. Because the inner micropores of the sponge water permeable brick are fine, the sponge water permeable brick has good water retention and water permeability functions and a certain dust removal effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of building materials, in particular to a sponge water permeable brick and a production process thereof.
Background
In the long-term urbanization development process, the original forest, green land and field are replaced by large-scale impermeable ground pavement, an urban desert is formed, the impermeable area is greatly increased, urban rainwater cannot smoothly return to the nature, the groundwater replenishment quantity is reduced, and the peak flood flow is greatly increased. In case of heavy rain in many cities, rainwater on the road surface cannot leak quickly, and can only be drained through drainage facilities, so that urban waterlogging is easily caused when the drainage facilities are unsmooth. Meanwhile, the ground hardening weakens the breathing function of the urban environment, causes dryness heat in the city, aggravates dust emission and noise, worsens urban microclimate and reduces the comfort level of the city.
Therefore, a permeable ground is the key to maintain the balance of the urban ecosystem. Compared with other rainwater recovery technologies, the road paved by the permeable bricks is a good choice. The water permeable brick has the excellent properties of high water permeability, environmental protection and the like. Most of the water permeable bricks on the market are made of cement or ceramic, but the two water permeable bricks have certain defects, have the defects of good water permeability and poor water retention property or the defects of good water retention property and poor water permeability, and the water permeability can not meet the requirements, and the filtering and impurity removing effects of the two water permeable bricks are not very good.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides the sponge water permeable brick with good water permeable and water retention functions and impurity removal functions and the production process thereof.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a sponge water permeable brick: the material comprises, by weight, 6-42 parts of quartz, 9-42 parts of potassium feldspar, 8-42 parts of albite, 7-42 parts of lithium feldspar, 8-30 parts of cement, 6-30 parts of ceramic waste, 6-30 parts of building slag waste, 6-30 parts of coal slag, 0.2-8 parts of foaming agent, 0.2-8 parts of plasticizer, 0.2-8 parts of water glass and 1-20 parts of dolomite.
Furthermore, the sponge water permeable brick comprises the following raw materials, by weight, 20 parts of quartz, 25 parts of potassium feldspar, 22 parts of albite, 18 parts of lithium feldspar, 20 parts of cement, 15 parts of ceramic waste, 15 parts of building slag waste, 15 parts of coal slag, 4 parts of foaming agent, 4 parts of plasticizer, 4 parts of water glass and 10 parts of dolomite.
Further, the slag building waste is one or a mixture of brick waste and cement waste.
Further, the foaming agent is a cement foaming agent. Cement foamers, also known as foam concrete foamers, reduce the tension on the surface of the liquid and produce a large amount of uniform and stable foam. The foaming agent is added to enable the sponge water permeable brick to generate a large number of uniform and fine micropores, the water retention effect of the sponge water permeable brick is improved due to the generation of the micropores, and the phenomena of dry heat and dust emission in cities are reduced.
Further, the plasticizer is DINP, DOTP, TOTM, or DINCH. The plasticizer has the function of emulsification foaming, has the synergistic function with the foaming agent, and can increase the distribution amount of micropores in the sponge water permeable brick.
Quartz is one of the main rock-making minerals and is a mineral resource with stable physical and chemical properties.
Potassium feldspar is also commonly called orthoclase, and has the density of 2.54-2.57g/cm3The specific gravity is 2.56-2.59, the hardness is 6, and the addition of the potassium feldspar can improve the drying performance of the sponge water permeable brick, shorten the drying time of the sponge water permeable brick and improve the mechanical strength of the sponge water permeable brick.
Albite is generally a glassy crystal, may be colorless, may have a white, yellow, red, green or black color, and is a raw material for manufacturing glass and ceramics. The albite can also reduce the drying time and improve the mechanical strength of the sponge water permeable brick.
The potash feldspar containing more than 7% of potassium and sodium elements should be named as potassium-sodium feldspar in the feldspar category, but in order to distinguish potassium from sodium, the feldspar does not contain lithium, so the ore district manufacturer names it as the lithium feldspar. The appearance is white or grey white, the hardness is 6-6.5, the feldspar with better wear resistance is used, and the preparation method can play a role of a mineralizer in the preparation process of the sponge water permeable brick, so that the calcination time of the sponge water permeable brick is shortened.
The cement is a powdery hydraulic inorganic cementing material, can be hardened in air or better in water, and can firmly bond sand, stone and other materials together.
The ceramic waste is increased along with the rapid development of social economy and ceramic industry, which not only causes huge pressure on urban environment, but also limits the development of urban economy and sustainable development of ceramic industry, and the utilization of the ceramic waste not only can reduce the pollution to the environment, but also can change waste into valuables and improve economic benefit.
The building slag waste is mainly brick waste or cement generated in the process of building, laying, dismantling and repairing various buildings, structures, official nets and the like by construction, construction units or individuals.
The coal slag is one of industrial solid wastes, and is also called slag discharged from coal burning of thermal power plants, industrial and civil boilers and other equipment. The main components are silicon dioxide, aluminum oxide, ferric oxide, calcium oxide, magnesium oxide and the like. The coal cinder is abandoned and accumulated, not only occupies land, but also emits sulfur-containing gas to pollute atmosphere, endangers environment and even can spontaneously combust to cause fire. The coal cinder is used as the raw material, so that the effects of changing waste into valuables, improving economic benefits and reducing environmental pollution are realized.
The water glass generally refers to sodium silicate, which is water-soluble silicate and can improve the compactness, strength, impermeability, frost resistance and water resistance of the sponge permeable brick.
Dolomite is a carbonate mineral, including iron dolomite and manganese dolomite, which are the main mineral components constituting dolomitic rock and dolomitic limestone.
The production process of the sponge water permeable brick comprises the following steps:
(1) respectively crushing the ceramic waste, the construction slag waste and the coal slag to obtain ceramic waste powder, construction slag waste powder and coal slag powder;
(2) quartz, potassium feldspar, albite, lithium feldspar, cement, ceramic waste powder, construction slag waste powder, coal slag powder, a foaming agent, a plasticizer, water glass and dolomite are mixed and stirred uniformly to obtain a mixture, water is added into the mixture, the mixture is stirred and mixed uniformly, and then the mixture is molded to obtain a brick blank;
(3) drying the green brick obtained in the step (2);
(4) and calcining the dried green brick body to obtain the sponge water permeable brick.
Furthermore, the fineness of the ceramic waste powder, the fineness of the building slag waste powder and the fineness of the coal slag powder are all 20-300 meshes.
Further, in the step (2), the weight of the added water is 10-30% of the weight of the mixture.
Further, in the step (3), the drying is carried out at 80-100 ℃ until the water content of the brick blank is below 3%.
Further, in the step (4), the calcination is carried out at the temperature of 950-.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the sponge water permeable brick provided by the invention uses ceramic waste, construction slag waste and coal slag as basic materials, so that resources are saved to a certain extent, the pollution to the environment is reduced, and the production cost is reduced. The potash feldspar, the albite and the lithionite contained in the sponge water permeable brick can shorten the drying time during the manufacture of the sponge water permeable brick, namely, the production time is saved, the mechanical strength of the produced water permeable brick can be increased, and the service life of the water permeable brick is prolonged. In addition, the foaming agent and the plasticizer contained in the sponge water permeable brick can enable the sponge water permeable brick to generate a large number of uniform and fine micropores, the water retention and water permeability effects of the sponge water permeable brick are improved due to the generation of the micropores, the urban dry heat is reduced, and the PM2.5 and dust emission phenomena are effectively reduced. Because the inner micropores of the sponge water permeable brick are fine, the sponge water permeable brick has good water retention and water permeability functions and a certain dust removal effect.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the examples given herein without any inventive step, are within the scope of the present invention.
Example one
A sponge water permeable brick comprises, by weight, 6kg of quartz, 9kg of potassium feldspar, 8kg of albite, 7kg of lithium feldspar, 8kg of cement, 6kg of ceramic waste, 6kg of building slag waste, 6kg of coal slag, 0.2kg of foaming agent, 0.2kg of DINP, 0.2kg of water glass and 1kg of dolomite.
The production process of the sponge water permeable brick comprises the following steps:
(1) respectively crushing the ceramic waste, the building residue waste and the coal cinder to obtain ceramic waste powder, building residue waste powder and coal cinder powder with the fineness of 20 meshes;
(2) quartz, potassium feldspar, albite, lithium feldspar, cement, ceramic waste powder, construction slag waste powder, coal slag powder, a foaming agent, DINP, water glass and dolomite are mixed and stirred uniformly to obtain a mixture, water accounting for 10% of the weight of the mixture is added into the mixture, the mixture is stirred and mixed uniformly, and then the mixture is molded to obtain a brick blank;
(3) drying the brick blank obtained in the step (2) at the temperature of 80 ℃ until the water content of the brick blank is below 3%;
(4) and calcining the dried green brick body for 3 hours at the temperature of 950 ℃ to obtain the sponge water permeable brick.
The comparison of the performance indexes of the sponge water permeable brick and the common water permeable brick in the embodiment one is shown in table 1:
TABLE 1
| Item | Standard index (JC/T945-2005) | The invention relates to a water permeable brick |
| Compressive strength | The average value is more than or equal to 35.0MPa | 49MPa |
| Wear resistance | The length of the grinding pit is less than or equal to 35mm | 28mm |
| Water retention property | ≥0.6g/cm2 | 3g/cm2 |
| Permeability coefficient (Water temperature 15 degree) | ≥1×10-2cm/s | 5.7×10-2cm/s |
From table 1, it can be seen: compared with the standard indexes, the water permeable brick of the first embodiment has obviously improved wear resistance, water retention and water permeability, namely, the water permeable brick of the first embodiment has better water retention and water permeability functions and longer service life.
Example two
A sponge water permeable brick comprises, by weight, 20kg of quartz, 25kg of potassium feldspar, 22kg of albite, 18kg of lithium feldspar, 20kg of cement, 15kg of ceramic waste, 15kg of brick waste, 15kg of coal cinder, 4kg of cement foaming agent, 4kg of DOTP, 4kg of water glass and 10kg of dolomite.
The production process of the sponge water permeable brick comprises the following steps:
(1) respectively crushing the ceramic waste, the building residue waste and the coal cinder to obtain ceramic waste powder, building residue waste powder and coal cinder powder with the fineness of 100 meshes;
(2) quartz, potassium feldspar, albite, lithium feldspar, cement, ceramic waste powder, brick waste powder, coal slag powder, a foaming agent, DOTP, water glass and dolomite are mixed and stirred uniformly to obtain a mixture, water accounting for 20 percent of the weight of the mixture is added into the mixture, the mixture is stirred and mixed uniformly, and then the mixture is molded to obtain a brick blank;
(3) drying the brick blank obtained in the step (2) at the temperature of 90 ℃ until the water content of the brick blank is below 3%;
(4) and calcining the dried green brick body for 8 hours at the temperature of 1000 ℃ to obtain the sponge water permeable brick.
The comparison of the performance indexes of the sponge water permeable brick and the common water permeable brick in the example II is shown in the table 2:
TABLE 2
| Item | Standard index (JC/T945-2005) | The invention relates to a water permeable brick |
| Compressive strength | The average value is more than or equal to 35.0MPa | 49.5MPa |
| Wear resistance | The length of the grinding pit is less than or equal to 35mm | 26mm |
| Water retention property | ≥0.6g/cm2 | 3g/cm2 |
| Permeability coefficient (Water temperature 15 degree) | ≥1×10-2cm/s | 5.8×10-2cm/s |
From table 2, it can be seen: compared with the standard indexes, the water permeable brick of the embodiment II has obviously improved wear resistance, water retention and water permeability, namely, the water permeable brick of the embodiment II has better water retention and water permeability functions and longer service life.
EXAMPLE III
A sponge water permeable brick comprises, by weight, 42kg of quartz, 42kg of potassium feldspar, 42kg of albite, 42kg of lithium feldspar, 30kg of cement, 30kg of ceramic waste, 30kg of a mixture of brick waste and cement waste and the like, 30kg of coal cinder, 8kg of a cement foaming agent, 8kg of TOTM, 8kg of water glass and 20kg of dolomite.
The production process of the sponge water permeable brick comprises the following steps:
(1) respectively crushing the ceramic waste, the construction slag waste and the coal slag to obtain ceramic waste powder, construction slag waste powder and coal slag powder with the fineness of 300 meshes;
(2) quartz, potassium feldspar, albite, lithium feldspar, cement, ceramic waste powder, building slag waste powder, coal slag powder, a foaming agent, TOTM, water glass and dolomite are mixed and stirred uniformly to obtain a mixture, water accounting for 30% of the weight of the mixture is added into the mixture, the mixture is stirred and mixed uniformly, and then the mixture is molded to obtain a brick blank;
(3) drying the brick blank obtained in the step (2) at the temperature of 100 ℃ until the water content of the brick blank is below 3%;
(4) and calcining the dried green brick body for 9 hours at the temperature of 1280 ℃ to obtain the sponge water permeable brick.
The comparison of the performance indexes of the sponge water permeable brick and the common water permeable brick in the example III is shown in the table 3:
TABLE 3
| Item | Standard index (JC/T945-2005) | The invention relates to a water permeable brick |
| Compressive strength | The average value is more than or equal to 35.0MPa | 50MPa |
| Wear resistance | The length of the grinding pit is less than or equal to 35mm | 25mm |
| Water retention property | ≥0.6g/cm2 | 3g/cm2 |
| Permeability coefficient (Water temperature 15 degree) | ≥1×10-2cm/s | 6.0×10-2cm/s |
From table 3, it can be seen: compared with the standard indexes, the water permeable brick of the third embodiment has obviously improved wear resistance, water retention and water permeability, namely, the water permeable brick of the third embodiment has better water retention and water permeability functions and longer service life.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and all the changes or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the appended claims.
Claims (1)
1. The sponge water permeable brick is characterized in that: the material comprises the following raw materials, by weight, 42 parts of quartz, 42 parts of potassium feldspar, 42 parts of albite, 42 parts of lithionite, 30 parts of cement, 30 parts of ceramic waste, 30 parts of a mixture of brick waste, cement waste and the like, 30 parts of coal cinder, 8 parts of a cement foaming agent, 8 parts of plasticizer TOTM, 8 parts of water glass and 20 parts of dolomite;
the production process of the sponge water permeable brick comprises the following steps:
(1) respectively crushing the mixture of the ceramic waste, the brick waste, the cement waste and the like and the coal cinder to obtain ceramic waste powder, building cinder waste powder and coal cinder powder with the fineness of 20-300 meshes;
(2) quartz, potassium feldspar, albite, lithium feldspar, cement, ceramic waste powder, building slag waste powder, coal slag powder, a cement foaming agent, a plasticizer TOTM, water glass and dolomite are mixed and stirred uniformly to obtain a mixture, water is added into the mixture, the weight of the added water is 10% -30% of the weight of the mixture, the mixture is stirred and mixed uniformly, and then the mixture is molded to obtain a brick blank;
(3) drying the brick blank obtained in the step (2) at the temperature of 80-100 ℃ until the water content of the brick blank is below 3%;
(4) calcining for 3-9h at the temperature of 950-.
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| CN107903034A (en) * | 2017-12-07 | 2018-04-13 | 咸阳陶瓷研究设计院有限公司 | A kind of cavernous body Ceramic Tiles and its production method |
| CN108249830A (en) * | 2017-12-30 | 2018-07-06 | 安徽城洁环境科技有限公司 | A kind of municipal porous disc preparation method of high permeability rate |
| CN109400181A (en) * | 2018-12-24 | 2019-03-01 | 马元乡 | It is a kind of to utilize ecology sponge brick made of sludge and construction waste and preparation method thereof |
| CN109734397A (en) * | 2019-03-14 | 2019-05-10 | 徐州帝威伦新型建材有限公司 | A kind of environmental protection type wall body building material and preparation method thereof |
| CN113121262A (en) * | 2021-03-29 | 2021-07-16 | 江苏泽建环境科技有限公司 | Green roof-paved microporous ecological brick and preparation method thereof |
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| JPH08100427A (en) * | 1994-10-03 | 1996-04-16 | Kyokado Eng Co Ltd | Water-permeable lightweight block |
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| CN1919564A (en) * | 2006-09-20 | 2007-02-28 | 景德镇陶瓷学院 | Manufacture method of environment friendly composite ceramic water-permeable brick |
| CN106007790A (en) * | 2016-05-18 | 2016-10-12 | 西南科技大学 | Self-permeable light bonding material and preparation method thereof |
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| CN107141010A (en) | 2017-09-08 |
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