CN107137640A - 防治宠物猪仔病毒性腹泻的中药口服液及其制备方法 - Google Patents
防治宠物猪仔病毒性腹泻的中药口服液及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种防治宠物猪仔病毒性腹泻的中药口服液，按重量份数计，所述中药口服液的原料包括：白头翁10~12份、紫花地丁6~9份、拳参6~9份、土茯苓4~6份、山豆根2~5份、黄芩4~6份、甘草3~5份、葡萄籽油30~36份和乳化剂1~3份。本发明中的白头翁经葡萄籽油提取后，能够发挥出更好的治疗腹泻的作用，同时配合葡萄籽油清除自由基以及其他中药组分的抑菌、杀菌、清热和调和的作用，对治疗宠物猪仔的病毒性腹泻有显著疗效，治愈率高达100%。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于中药技术领域，具体涉及一种防治宠物猪仔病毒性腹泻的中药口服液及其制备方法。
背景技术
猪病毒性腹泻是由猪流行性腹泻病 (PEDV)引起的一种猪肠道传染病，主要以呕吐、腹泻和失水为特征，各年龄段的猪均可发生，发病率最高可达100％，哺乳猪仔受害最为严重。随着人们生活水平的提高，越来越多的宠物猪成为人们玩赏的宠物了。与家猪一样，宠物猪仔也容易患上流行性腹泻病，如果治疗不当，很可能导致死亡。因此，发明一种能够防治宠物猪仔病毒性腹泻的中药口服液是非常重要的。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于针对现有技术不足，提供一种防治宠物猪仔病毒性腹泻的中药口服液及其制备方法。本发明中的白头翁经葡萄籽油提取后，能够发挥出更好的治疗腹泻的作用，同时配合葡萄籽油清除自由基以及其他中药组分的抑菌、杀菌、清热和调和的作用，对治疗宠物猪仔的病毒性腹泻有显著疗效，治愈率高达100%。
为实现上述目的，本发明采用如下技术方案：
一种防治宠物猪仔病毒性腹泻的中药口服液，按重量份数计，所述中药口服液的原料包括：白头翁10~12份、紫花地丁6~9份、拳参6~9份、土茯苓4~6份、山豆根2~5份、黄芩4~6份、甘草3~5份、葡萄籽油30~36份和乳化剂1~3份。
如上所述的防治宠物猪仔病毒性腹泻的中药口服液的方法，具体包括以下步骤：
（1）取10~12份白头翁干燥粉碎后过10目筛，用5倍重量65wt%的乙醇溶液在80℃下浸提60min，减压过滤，旋蒸回收乙醇；将醇提所得滤渣加入到30~36份的葡萄籽油中，于38℃下浸泡5h，减压过滤；合并两次提取液，得到白头翁提取物；
（2）取紫花地丁6~9份、拳参6~9份、土茯苓4~6份、山豆根2~5份、黄芩4~6份和甘草3~5份，干燥粉碎后过10目筛，加入原料重量10倍量的水，煮沸后提取两次，每次1小时，减压过滤，合并两次提取液；
（3）将步骤（1）得到的白头翁提取物和步骤（2）得到的提取液混合后，加入1~3份乳化剂，于常温下搅拌均匀，即制得所述中药口服液。
本发明中各原料的主要作用：
白头翁，苦，寒，归胃、大肠经；清热解毒，凉血止痢。白头翁先采用乙醇提取，再用葡萄籽油提取，葡萄籽油富含亚油酸、亚麻仁油酸、其他多种不饱和脂肪酸、维他命F、矿物质等，不仅能够更加完整的提取出白头翁中杀虫、抑菌的组分，起到治疗腹痛腹泻的作用，而且能够清除自由基；氧自由基会对胃产生一定损伤，幽门螺旋杆菌感染、NSAIDs、乙醇等坏死因子、缺血再灌注损伤、应激、幽门结扎等所致的胃粘膜损伤的模型中，均与氧自由基密切相关，葡萄籽油在起到提取白头翁有效成分的同时，还能清除人体内自由基，从而起到治疗胃粘膜损伤和病毒性腹泻的作用。
紫花地丁，苦、辛，寒，归心、肝经；清热解毒，凉血消肿。具有明显的抗菌作用，对结核杆菌、痢疾杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、肺炎球菌、皮肤真菌及钩端螺旋体有抑制作用；尚有解热、消炎、消肿等作用。
拳参，苦、涩，微寒，归肺、肝、大肠经；清热解毒，凉血止血，镇肝息风。对金黄色葡萄球菌、绿脓杆菌、枯草杆菌、大肠杆菌、痢疾杆菌、脑膜炎双球菌、溶血性链球菌等均有抑制作用。
土茯苓，甘、淡，平，归肝、胃经；解毒，除湿，通利关节。《本草纲目》：“健脾胃，强筋骨，去风湿，利关节，止泄泻。治拘挛骨痛，恶疮痈肿。解汞粉、银朱毒。”
山豆根，苦，寒，归肺、胃经；清热解毒，利咽消肿。有抗溃疡作用，能抑制胃酸分泌、对实验性溃疡有明显的修复作用；对金黄色葡萄球菌、痢疾杆菌、大肠杆菌、结核杆菌、霍乱弧菌、麻风杆菌、絮状表皮癣菌、白色念珠菌以及钩端螺旋体均有抑制作用。
黄芩，苦，寒，归肺、胆、脾、胃、大肠、小肠经。清热燥湿，泻火解毒，止血，安胎。对痢疾杆菌、白喉杆菌、绿脓杆菌、伤寒杆菌、副伤寒杆菌、变形杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、溶血性链球菌、肺炎双球菌、脑膜炎球菌、霍乱弧菌等有不同程度的抑制作用。
甘草，甘，平，归心、肺、脾、胃经。补脾益气，祛痰止咳，缓急止痛，清热解毒，调和诸药。
本发明的有益效果在于：本发明中的白头翁经葡萄籽油提取后，能够发挥出更好的治疗腹泻的作用，同时配合葡萄籽油清除自由基以及其他中药组分的抑菌、杀菌、清热和调和的作用，对治疗宠物猪仔的病毒性腹泻有显著疗效，治愈率高达100%。
具体实施方式
以下结合具体实施例对本发明做进一步说明，但本发明不仅仅限于这些实施例。
实施例1
（1）取10份白头翁干燥粉碎后过10目筛，用5倍重量65wt%的乙醇溶液在80℃下浸提60min，减压过滤，旋蒸回收乙醇；将醇提所得滤渣加入到30份的葡萄籽油中，于38℃下浸泡5h，减压过滤；合并两次提取液，得到白头翁提取物；
（2）取紫花地丁6份、拳参6份、土茯苓4份、山豆根2份、黄芩4份和甘草3份，干燥粉碎后过10目筛，加入原料重量10倍量的水，煮沸后提取两次，每次1小时，减压过滤，合并两次提取液；
（3）将步骤（1）得到的白头翁提取物和步骤（2）得到的提取液混合后，加入1份乳化剂，于常温下搅拌均匀，即制得中药口服液。
实施例2
（1）取12份白头翁干燥粉碎后过10目筛，用5倍重量65wt%的乙醇溶液在80℃下浸提60min，减压过滤，旋蒸回收乙醇；将醇提所得滤渣加入到36份的葡萄籽油中，于38℃下浸泡5h，减压过滤；合并两次提取液，得到白头翁提取物；
（2）取紫花地丁9份、拳参9份、土茯苓6份、山豆根5份、黄芩6份和甘草5份，干燥粉碎后过10目筛，加入原料重量10倍量的水，煮沸后提取两次，每次1小时，减压过滤，合并两次提取液；
（3）将步骤（1）得到的白头翁提取物和步骤（2）得到的提取液混合后，加入3份乳化剂，于常温下搅拌均匀，即制得中药口服液。
实施例3
（1）取11份白头翁干燥粉碎后过10目筛，用5倍重量65wt%的乙醇溶液在80℃下浸提60min，减压过滤，旋蒸回收乙醇；将醇提所得滤渣加入到33份的葡萄籽油中，于38℃下浸泡5h，减压过滤；合并两次提取液，得到白头翁提取物；
（2）取紫花地丁7份、拳参7份、土茯苓5份、山豆根3份、黄芩5份和甘草4份，干燥粉碎后过10目筛，加入原料重量10倍量的水，煮沸后提取两次，每次1小时，减压过滤，合并两次提取液；
（3）将步骤（1）得到的白头翁提取物和步骤（2）得到的提取液混合后，加入2份乳化剂，于常温下搅拌均匀，即制得中药口服液。
对比例
（1）取11份白头翁干燥粉碎后过10目筛，用5倍重量65wt%的乙醇溶液在80℃下浸提两次，每次60min，减压过滤，旋蒸回收乙醇，合并两次提取液，得到白头翁提取物；
（2）取紫花地丁7份、拳参7份、土茯苓5份、山豆根3份、黄芩5份和甘草4份，干燥粉碎后过10目筛，加入原料重量10倍量的水，煮沸后提取两次，每次1小时，减压过滤，合并两次提取液；
（3）将步骤（1）得到的白头翁提取物和步骤（2）得到的提取液混合后，加入2份乳化剂，于常温下搅拌均匀，即制得中药口服液。
本发明临床试验结果如下：
a. 病例选择与试验方法
选取根据临床症状、病理剖解、病原分离等方法确诊的患猪流行性腹泻的宠物猪仔75只，试验前均未给任何药物，随机分为5组：试验组 A、B、C组、对照组D组和空白对照组E，每组试验动物15只。试验组 A、B、C组分别灌服本发明实施例1~3制得的口服液，对照组D组灌服对比例制得的口服液，空白对照组E灌服生理盐水，每日2次 (早晚各1次)，连续用药3天，停药后观察7天。
患病毒性腹泻的病猪在治疗期间，每天进行临床检查，并记录每头猪仔在用药前后及用药过程中精神状态、体温、呼吸、饮食欲、粪便颜色和形状的变化等，观察用药后是否有不良反应发生。
b. 疗效判定标准
治愈：宠物猪仔精神饮食均恢复正常，粪便软硬适中，鼻腔湿润，腹泻症状消失，实验室检查各项指标恢复正常。
显效：宠物猪仔临床症状明显改善，腹泻症状明显减轻或消失，粪便已成形，饮食和其他症状有所好转，但尚未完全康复，实验室检查各项指标接近正常。
有效：宠物猪仔临床症状有所改善，腹泻症状减轻，粪便由水样变成糊状，饮食和其他症状有所好转，但尚未完全康复，实验室检查大多数指标接近正常。
无效：宠物猪仔所有症状未见好转或有所加重，甚至治疗无效死亡，实验室检查各项指标无明显变化。
c 试验结果
在整个试验治疗过程中，每天进行临床检查，75头腹泻猪仔的临床治疗结果见表1。
表1 本发明制得的中药口服液对宠物猪仔腹泻的临床治疗结果
由表1可知，本发明制得的中药口服液对腹泻猪仔治疗效果显著，总有效率高达100%，空白对照组E组为0%。而对照组D组的中药口服液，其中白头翁采用乙醇提取，提取液中并无葡萄籽油，可以看出其对腹泻猪仔也有一定治疗效果，这主要是其中几种中药复配的结果，然而其治愈率要显著低于A、B、C三组。由此可知，葡萄籽油对提取出白头翁中的有效组分以及清除自由基发挥了重要的作用，从而大大提高了猪仔病毒性腹泻的治愈率。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例，凡依本发明申请专利范围所做的均等变化与修饰，皆应属本发明的涵盖范围。
Claims (2)
1.一种防治宠物猪仔病毒性腹泻的中药口服液，其特征在于：按重量份数计，所述中药口服液的原料包括：白头翁10~12份、紫花地丁6~9份、拳参6~9份、土茯苓4~6份、山豆根2~5份、黄芩4~6份、甘草3~5份、葡萄籽油30~36份和乳化剂1~3份。
2.一种制备如权利要求1所述的防治宠物猪仔病毒性腹泻的中药口服液的方法，其特征在于：具体包括以下步骤：
（1）取10~12份白头翁干燥粉碎后过10目筛，用5倍重量65wt%的乙醇溶液在80℃下浸提60min，减压过滤，旋蒸回收乙醇；将醇提所得滤渣加入到30~36份的葡萄籽油中，于38℃下浸泡5h，减压过滤；合并两次提取液，得到白头翁提取物；
（2）取紫花地丁6~9份、拳参6~9份、土茯苓4~6份、山豆根2~5份、黄芩4~6份和甘草3~5份，干燥粉碎后过10目筛，加入原料重量10倍量的水，煮沸后提取两次，每次1小时，减压过滤，合并两次提取液；
（3）将步骤（1）得到的白头翁提取物和步骤（2）得到的提取液混合后，加入1~3份
乳化剂，于常温下搅拌均匀，即制得所述中药口服液。
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