CN107132146A - Four-way lysimeter - Google Patents

Four-way lysimeter Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107132146A
CN107132146A CN201710557119.2A CN201710557119A CN107132146A CN 107132146 A CN107132146 A CN 107132146A CN 201710557119 A CN201710557119 A CN 201710557119A CN 107132146 A CN107132146 A CN 107132146A
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sensor
lysimeter
cylindrical container
soil
water
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CN201710557119.2A
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CN107132146B (en
Inventor
阎敬泽
张雷
史建辉
董菲
谭凯炎
王进
阎凡
阎一凡
孙争平
李巧珍
王鹤龄
张凯
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Nanjing Qianyang Intelligent Technology Co ltd
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Jinzhou Day Automation Equipment Co Ltd
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N5/00Analysing materials by weighing, e.g. weighing small particles separated from a gas or liquid
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/24Earth materials

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Electric Means (AREA)
  • Testing Or Calibration Of Command Recording Devices (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to four-way lysimeter, it is characterised in that:Single-chip microcomputer including four single channel lysimeters and with display function, each single channel lysimeter includes cylindrical container, it is supported in the triangular pedestals component of cylindrical container bottom, leak device and weighing sensor located at cylindrical container bottom, triangular pedestals component is by triangle lower carriage, the triangle upper bracket being connected with cylindrical container bottom, it is connected on triangle, the spring stack composition of lower carriage, the upper surface of triangle lower carriage is provided with the liftable column for being used for installing weighing sensor, weighing sensor is held between cylindrical container bottom and liftable column top surface, the chamber wall of cylindrical container is from top to bottom provided with multiple sensor mounting hole, the liquid outlet connection seepage weighing instrument of leak device.Its is easy to maintenance, and cost is low, and measurement data precision is high, and observation is directly perceived, and the result of four kinds of different measurements can be observed simultaneously, is easy to analyze data comprehensively.

Description

Four-way lysimeter
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of four-way lysimeter, it is adaptable to which water conservancy, meteorology, the hydrology, agricultural, animal husbandry etc. make in field Lysimeter.
Background technology
Lysimeter is an important soil ecology monitoring instrument, is by the essence to original position soil-plant cartridge system Really monitor and analysis earth pillar weight, soil moisture, to study SOIL CARBON AND NITROGEN water circulation, including water balance, material balance, moisture Migration, solute transfer, transpiration such as are evapotranspired at the soil ecology situation, are adapted to farmland, grassland, forest, riverine wetland, marsh, root cellar for storing things, built The long term monitoring of the ecosystems such as basis is built, is widely used in the research fields such as agronomy, forestry, environmental protection, meteorology, the hydrology, water conservancy.
At present, there are the following problems for conventional lysimeter:1st, using single-pass configuration, precision is low, and general precision is 500 Gram, maintenance difficult, data processing complex not intuitively, is unfavorable for data analysis and observation, in use no data contrast and With reference to, it is impossible to the correction data under same time and identical environment is measured, it is have impact on and promotes and using effect;2nd, by structure Weighing sensor dismounting below limitation, lysimeter cylindrical container is cumbersome, and maintenance difficulties are big, and maintenance cost is big;3rd, steam and ooze The steel drum that instrument contains undisturbed soil has isolated the circulation of agricultural land soil water system, plant growth water consumption and soil moisture evaporation, oozes steaming The moisture of soil is constantly reduced in instrument steel drum, the moisture formation difference with soil outside bucket, so as to cause data error larger.
The content of the invention
The invention aims to provide a kind of easy to maintenance, the cost of the above mentioned problem for overcoming prior art to exist The four-way lysimeter low, measurement data precision is high, processing data is simple, and observation is directly perceived, while four kinds of differences can be observed The result of measurement, is easy to the number such as soil data, precipitation data, data of evapotranspiring, soil chemical analysis sampling and crop yield According to being analyzed comprehensively.
The technical scheme is that:
A kind of four-way lysimeter, it is characterised in that:Monolithic including four single channel lysimeters and with display function Machine, each single channel lysimeter includes cylindrical container, the triangular pedestals component for being supported in cylindrical container bottom, held located at cylindricality The leak device and weighing sensor of device bottom, the triangular pedestals component is by triangle lower carriage and cylindrical container bottom The triangle upper bracket that is connected, the spring stack composition for being connected to the upper and lower support of triangle, the triangle lower carriage it is upper Surface is provided with the liftable column for being used for installing weighing sensor, and the weighing sensor is held in cylindrical container bottom and can Between lifting column top surface, the chamber wall of the cylindrical container is from top to bottom provided with multiple sensor mounting hole, the seepage dress The liquid outlet connection seepage weighing instrument put.
Soil heat flux is inserted in above-mentioned four-way lysimeter, the cylindrical container by sensor mounting hole to sense One or more in device, soil water potential sensor, soil humidity sensor, soil temperature sensor, soil salinity sensor, The soil heat flux sensor, soil water potential sensor, soil humidity sensor, soil temperature sensor, soil salt are passed One or more signal output parts in sensor are connected with the signal input part of single-chip microcomputer.
Above-mentioned four-way lysimeter, four single channel lysimeters are rectangular to be arranged in region to be detected.
Above-mentioned four-way lysimeter, the quantity of the weighing sensor of each single channel lysimeter is three, is held in cylindricality Device bottom even is arranged, to improve accuracy of detection.
Above-mentioned four-way lysimeter, the weighing sensor of four single channel lysimeters is changed by 24 A/D of four-way Device is connected with the signal input part of single-chip microcomputer, the signal output part of the seepage weighing instrument of four single channel lysimeters and single-chip microcomputer Signal input part is connected.
Above-mentioned four-way lysimeter, the single-chip microcomputer signal output part is by Gprs wireless connections or is wiredly connected to Computer host computer.
Above-mentioned four-way lysimeter, the liftable column by be fixed on triangle lower carriage hollow base, insert Enter the telescopic mast and locking member composition at the top of hollow base.
Above-mentioned four-way lysimeter, separately sets the automatic contactless water charging system of underground water, and the underground water is automatically contactless Water charging system include water tank, the water inlet switch on water tank, water solenoid valve, be connected with water solenoid valve export pipeline it is small Type rainfall counter, the funnel below small-sized rainfall counter, in cylindrical container connected with funnel bottom ooze Free surface moisture comparison system in the lysimeter of fistulae, the rainfall at the liquid outlet of leak device from flowmeter sensor, based on FDR, With free surface moisture comparison system, water solenoid valve, small-sized rainfall counter and rainfall in lysimeter from flowmeter sensor be connected it is automatic Make-up water supply control system.Realize and lysimeter middle part, bottom are automatically replenished, make the moisture and the outside soil water inside lysimeter Point be consistent, substantially reduce experimental data error, moisturizing layering seepage can be layered, leakage during moisturizing by rainfall from Flowmeter sensor carries out seepage metering.
Above-mentioned four-way lysimeter, the signal output part of the automatic water supplementation control system by Gprs wireless connections or It is wiredly connected to computer host computer.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1st, cylindrical container is supported using spring stack, while liftable column liftable is adjusted, the upper and lower support of triangle and spring Post is cooperated, and the spring stack support drum container when repairing weighing sensor, liftable column is weighed using elevating function handle Sensor is fallen, in that context it may be convenient to the lower weighing sensor of dismounting, so as to reduce maintenance cost and maintenance difficulties when safeguarding, carries High operating efficiency.
2nd, four single channel lysimeters of four-way lysimeter can be combined and use, and can also be used alone, when being applied in combination, Measurement data precision is high, and the precision of Large-scale lysimeter can reach 10 grams, and the precision of middle-size and small-size lysimeter is up to 2 grams, by seeing The result of four kinds of different measurements is examined, is easy to soil data, precipitation data, data of evapotranspiring, soil chemical analysis sampling and farming The data such as produce amount are analyzed comprehensively.
3rd, single-chip microcomputer can not only collect the signal of weighing sensor and leak device, moreover it is possible to detection project needed for collection Signal, such as soil heat flux, soil water potential, soil moisture, the soil moisture, soil salt, it is possible to by detection project and data Show, be easy to observation and data analysis.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation (correspondence embodiment 1) of the single channel lysimeter of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the longitudinal sectional drawing of cylindrical container in Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of Fig. 1 intermediate cam shape lower carriages;
Fig. 4 is the arrangement schematic diagram of four single channel lysimeters of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the theory diagram (correspondence embodiment 1) of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the structural representation (correspondence embodiment 2) that the present invention is provided with the automatic contactless water charging system of underground water;
Fig. 7 is the theory diagram (correspondence embodiment 2) of the present invention.
In figure:1. propped up under cylindrical container, 2. sensor mounting hole, 3. triangle upper brackets, 4. spring stacks, 5. triangles Frame, 6. leak devices, 7. liftable columns, 8. weighing sensors, 9. basements, 10. automatic water supplementation control systems, 11. water inlets Switch, 12. water tanks, 13. water solenoid valves, 14. small-sized rainfall counters, 15. funnels, 16. leaky pipes, 17. rainfall count biography certainly Free surface moisture comparison system in sensor, 18. lysimeters based on FDR.
Embodiment
As Figure 1-Figure 5, the four-way lysimeter, including four single channel lysimeters and the monolithic with display function Machine.Each single channel lysimeter includes cylindrical container 1, is supported in the triangular pedestals component of the bottom of cylindrical container 1, located at cylindricality The leak device 6 and weighing sensor 8 of the bottom of container 1.The triangular pedestals component holds by triangle lower carriage 5, with cylindricality Triangle upper bracket 3 that the bottom of device 1 is connected, the spring stack 4 for being connected to the upper and lower support 3,5 of triangle are constituted.The triangle The upper surface of shape lower carriage 5 is provided with the liftable column 7 for being used for installing weighing sensor 8, and the weighing sensor 8 is held in Between the bottom of cylindrical container 1 and the top surface of liftable column 7, the weighing sensor 8 of four single channel lysimeters passes through four-way 24 Position A/D converter is connected with the signal input part of single-chip microcomputer.The chamber wall of the cylindrical container 1 is from top to bottom provided with multiple sensings Soil heat flux sensor, soil water potential are inserted in device mounting hole 2, the cylindrical container 1 by sensor mounting hole 2 to sense One or more in device, soil humidity sensor, soil temperature sensor, soil salinity sensor, the soil heat flux One kind in sensor, soil water potential sensor, soil humidity sensor, soil temperature sensor, soil salinity sensor or A variety of signal output parts is connected with the signal input part of single-chip microcomputer.The liquid outlet connection seepage weighing instrument of the leak device 6, The signal output part of seepage weighing instrument of four single channel lysimeters is connected with the signal input part of single-chip microcomputer.The single-chip microcomputer Signal output part is by Gprs wireless connections or is wiredly connected to computer host computer.
In the present embodiment, four single channel lysimeters are rectangular to be arranged in region to be detected.Each single channel lysimeter The quantity of weighing sensor 8 is three, in the arrangement of the bottom even of cylindrical container 1, to improve accuracy of detection.The liftable column 7 are made up of the hollow base being fixed on triangle lower carriage 5, the telescopic mast inserted at the top of hollow base and locking member.
In use, four single channel lysimeters (1#, 2#, 3#, 4#) are arranged in a square basement 9, cylindricality The mouth of container 1 is concordant with ground, and soil sample is placed in cylindrical container 1, and by the sensor needed for detection project, (soil heat flux is passed Sensor, soil water potential sensor, soil humidity sensor, soil temperature sensor, soil salinity sensor) it is inserted into sensor In mounting hole 2, and it is connected with single-chip microcomputer, liquid crystal display screen display of the measurement result in single-chip microcomputer;Single-chip microcomputer is arranged on ground Protective housing in, the weighing sensor 8 of four single channel lysimeters is weighed in real time, and by 24 A/D converters of four-way with Single-chip microcomputer is connected, and transfers data on single-chip microcomputer and shown by LCDs;Seepage weighing instrument directly weighs up seepage Amount, and result is uploaded single-chip microcomputer;Data are transferred to computer host computer by single-chip microcomputer, and carry out calculating analysis to data.Soil Heat flux sensor, soil water potential sensor, soil humidity sensor, soil temperature sensor, soil salinity sensor can pacify At 0.4 meter, 0.6 meter, 0.8 meter away from the top of cylindrical container 1, also different depth can be arranged on according to customer requirement.
Embodiment 2
As shown in Figure 6, Figure 7, the four-way lysimeter, is additionally provided with the automatic contactless water charging system of underground water, the underground The automatic contactless water charging system of water includes water tank 12, the water inlet switch 11 on water tank 12, water solenoid valve 13 and goes out water power The small-sized rainfall counter 14 of the export pipeline of magnet valve 13 connection, the funnel 15 located at the lower section of small-sized rainfall counter 14, located at post Describe the leaky pipe 16 connected with the bottom of funnel 15 in device 1, the rainfall at the liquid outlet of leak device 6 from flowmeter sensor 17th, free surface moisture comparison system 18 in the lysimeter based on FDR, with free surface moisture comparison system 18 in lysimeter, water solenoid valve 13, The automatic water supplementation control system 10 that small-sized rainfall counter 14, rainfall are connected from flowmeter sensor 17.Realize to lysimeter middle part, bottom Portion is automatically replenished, and is consistent the moisture inside lysimeter and outside soil moisture, is substantially reduced experimental data error. The signal output part of the automatic water supplementation control system 10 is by Gprs wireless connections or is wiredly connected to computer host computer, realizes Host computer overall monitor.
When in the lysimeter based on FDR free surface moisture comparison system 18 measure in the cylindrical container 1 of lysimeter in, bottom and outer When difference occurs in the soil moisture of the same depth in portion, carried out by the single-chip microcomputer of automatic water supplementation control system 10 after calculating analysis, Water solenoid valve 13 is automatically opened up, small-sized rainfall counter 14 is moved the water to flow into, funnel is flowed into by small-sized rainfall counter 14 again 15, then flowed into by leaky pipe 16 in the cylindrical container 1 of lysimeter, the inflow water feedback that small-sized rainfall counter 14 is recorded To the single-chip microcomputer of automatic water supplementation control system 10, single-chip microcomputer carries out computing contrast, and when water reaches required amount, single-chip microcomputer is sent Halt instruction, closes water solenoid valve 13, moisturizing terminates.Every lysimeter can do layer 2-4 by different level according to lysimeter size Automatic water replenishing system.Leakage during moisturizing carries out seepage metering by rainfall from flowmeter sensor 17.Other be the same as Examples 1.

Claims (9)

1. a kind of four-way lysimeter, it is characterised in that:Single-chip microcomputer including four single channel lysimeters and with display function, Each single channel lysimeter includes cylindrical container, is supported in the triangular pedestals component of cylindrical container bottom, located at cylindrical container The leak device and weighing sensor of bottom, the triangular pedestals component connect by triangle lower carriage, with cylindrical container bottom Connect fixed triangle upper bracket, be connected to the spring stack composition of the upper and lower support of triangle, the upper table of the triangle lower carriage Face is provided with the liftable column for being used for installing weighing sensor, and the weighing sensor is held in cylindrical container bottom and can risen Drop between column top surface, the chamber wall of the cylindrical container is from top to bottom provided with multiple sensor mounting hole, the leak device Liquid outlet connection seepage weighing instrument.
2. four-way lysimeter according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Installed in the cylindrical container by sensor Hole insertion soil heat flux sensor, soil water potential sensor, soil humidity sensor, soil temperature sensor, soil salt One or more in sensor, the soil heat flux sensor, soil water potential sensor, soil humidity sensor, soil One or more signal output parts in temperature sensor, soil salinity sensor are connected with the signal input part of single-chip microcomputer.
3. four-way lysimeter according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Four single channel lysimeters are rectangular to be arranged in Region to be detected.
4. four-way lysimeter according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The weighing sensor of each single channel lysimeter Quantity be three, cylindrical container bottom even arrangement.
5. four-way lysimeter according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The weighing sensor of four single channel lysimeters It is connected by 24 A/D converters of four-way with the signal input part of single-chip microcomputer, the seepage weighing instrument of four single channel lysimeters Signal output part be connected with the signal input part of single-chip microcomputer.
6. four-way lysimeter according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The signal output part of the single-chip microcomputer passes through Gprs wireless connections are wiredly connected to computer host computer.
7. four-way lysimeter according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The liftable column is by being fixed on triangle The telescopic mast and locking member composition at the top of hollow base, insertion hollow base on lower carriage.
8. four-way lysimeter according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:It is another to set the automatic contactless moisturizing system of underground water System, the automatic contactless water charging system of the underground water include water tank, the water inlet switch on water tank, water solenoid valve, with going out Water solenoid valve export pipeline connection small-sized rainfall counter, the funnel below small-sized rainfall counter, located at cylindricality hold The leaky pipe connected with funnel bottom in device, the rainfall at the liquid outlet of leak device are from flowmeter sensor, based on FDR's Free surface moisture comparison system in lysimeter, with free surface moisture comparison system, water solenoid valve, small-sized rainfall counter and rain in lysimeter Measure the automatic water supplementation control system being connected from flowmeter sensor.
9. four-way lysimeter according to claim 8, it is characterised in that:The signal of the automatic water supplementation control system is defeated Go out end by Gprs wireless connections or be wiredly connected to computer host computer.
CN201710557119.2A 2017-07-10 2017-07-10 Four-channel lysimeter Active CN107132146B (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107750918A (en) * 2017-11-15 2018-03-06 遵义湘江园林工程有限责任公司 A kind of treegarden irrigation device
CN109406761A (en) * 2018-12-25 2019-03-01 西安清远测控技术有限公司 It is straight to claim formula soil lysimeter system

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5567889A (en) * 1992-04-24 1996-10-22 Oceanit Laboratories, Inc. Lysimeter for collecting chemical samples from the vadose zone
CN201302540Y (en) * 2008-11-27 2009-09-02 贵州省烟草科学研究所 Tobacco field soil micro-lysimeter
CN203551425U (en) * 2013-07-19 2014-04-16 山东农业大学 Simple and easy root division water discharging type pervaporation device
CN205262894U (en) * 2015-12-30 2016-05-25 甘肃省农业科学院林果花卉研究所 Appearance is oozed to small -size evaporating
CN206146778U (en) * 2016-11-01 2017-05-03 北京易科泰生态技术有限公司 SoilTron pheno plant phenotype is surveyd evaporating and is oozed appearance
CN207036594U (en) * 2017-07-10 2018-02-23 锦州天畅自动化设备有限公司 Four-way lysimeter

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5567889A (en) * 1992-04-24 1996-10-22 Oceanit Laboratories, Inc. Lysimeter for collecting chemical samples from the vadose zone
CN201302540Y (en) * 2008-11-27 2009-09-02 贵州省烟草科学研究所 Tobacco field soil micro-lysimeter
CN203551425U (en) * 2013-07-19 2014-04-16 山东农业大学 Simple and easy root division water discharging type pervaporation device
CN205262894U (en) * 2015-12-30 2016-05-25 甘肃省农业科学院林果花卉研究所 Appearance is oozed to small -size evaporating
CN206146778U (en) * 2016-11-01 2017-05-03 北京易科泰生态技术有限公司 SoilTron pheno plant phenotype is surveyd evaporating and is oozed appearance
CN207036594U (en) * 2017-07-10 2018-02-23 锦州天畅自动化设备有限公司 Four-way lysimeter

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107750918A (en) * 2017-11-15 2018-03-06 遵义湘江园林工程有限责任公司 A kind of treegarden irrigation device
CN107750918B (en) * 2017-11-15 2020-10-09 遵义湘江园林工程有限责任公司 Gardens irrigation equipment
CN109406761A (en) * 2018-12-25 2019-03-01 西安清远测控技术有限公司 It is straight to claim formula soil lysimeter system

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