CN108061791A - A kind of farm field irrigation drainage tests automatic control system - Google Patents
A kind of farm field irrigation drainage tests automatic control system Download PDFInfo
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- CN108061791A CN108061791A CN201711361983.1A CN201711361983A CN108061791A CN 108061791 A CN108061791 A CN 108061791A CN 201711361983 A CN201711361983 A CN 201711361983A CN 108061791 A CN108061791 A CN 108061791A
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- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003028 elevating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000013519 translation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000209202 Bromus secalinus Species 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 abstract description 19
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000013480 data collection Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241001269238 Data Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035479 physiological effects, processes and functions Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000005068 transpiration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012800 visualization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/24—Earth materials
- G01N33/246—Earth materials for water content
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B15/00—Systems controlled by a computer
- G05B15/02—Systems controlled by a computer electric
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of farm field irrigation drainages to test automatic control system, includes bottom and surveys hole, irrigation rig, soil moisture sensor and par device；It is described have bottom survey hole the par device between be connected with communicating pipe, water inlet pipe and drainpipe are connected on the communicating pipe, pressure sensor and electrical ball valve are additionally provided on the communicating pipe；Feed water flow gauge and entering water electromagnetic valve are provided on the water inlet pipe, drain flow-meter and drain solenoid valve are provided on the drainpipe；Industrial control computer is further included, the industrial control computer is provided with digital output module, On-off signal plate and amplification sampling plate.The system can realize the topsoil of field irrigation experiment or section soil moisture monitors automatically, the automatic monitoring of the increment of groundwater and automatic irrigation etc., and to automatic data collection, processing and storage；It can realize that the level of ground water of agricultural drain experiment is stepless simultaneously to automatically control and adjust, it is automatic to mend draining and measure.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of farm field irrigation drainages to test automatic control system, belongs to the experiment automatized control technology of farm field irrigation drainage
Field.
Background technology
The main research crop different bearing stage of agricultural drain experiment influences crop growth by flooded stain, acquires work
Object flooding depth, waterflooding last, underground water buried depth and its relation of dynamic change and yield, to determine that stain draining drops in farmland water logging control
Design standard provides foundation, and it is also that most important requirement seeks to realize over the ground that wherein survey hole drainage test one is most basic
Lower water level and its dynamic change are precisely controlled；Field irrigation experiment then mainly the research water requirement of Different Crop, law of needing the water,
The accurate meter of the dynamic change of irrigation program and irrigation benifit etc., wherein soil moisture content, duty and the increment of groundwater
Amount is all the required significant data of experiment.
The content of the invention
The present invention is exactly to be moved in view of the deficienciess of the prior art, providing a kind of hole topsoil (or section) soil moisture content of surveying
State monitors and automatic irrigation, level of ground water auto-control and benefit draining control metering system, right in testing program accurately to realize
The monitoring and control requirement of soil moisture content and level of ground water carries out the benefit draining of automatic irrigation and underground water, and being capable of essence
Really metering, overall process realize automation, precision.
To solve the above problems, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows：
A kind of farm field irrigation drainage tests automatic control system, includes bottom and surveys hole, is arranged at the filling for having bottom to survey hole top
It irrigates device, be arranged at the soil moisture sensor and par device having in the survey hole of bottom；It is described to there is bottom to survey hole and the par
Communicating pipe is connected between device, water inlet pipe and drainpipe are connected on the communicating pipe, pressure is additionally provided on the communicating pipe
Sensor and electrical ball valve, and the water inlet pipe and the drainpipe and the junction of the communicating pipe are located at the electrical ball valve
Between the par device, the pressure sensor be arranged at the electrical ball valve and it is described have bottom survey hole between；The water inlet
Feed water flow gauge and entering water electromagnetic valve are provided on pipe, drain flow-meter and drain solenoid valve are provided on the drainpipe；
Industrial control computer is further included, the industrial control computer is provided with digital output module, On-off signal
Plate and amplification sampling plate, the irrigation rig, the electrical ball valve and the drain solenoid valve are believed with the digital output module
Number connection, the feed water flow gauge is connected with the On-off signal partitioned signal, the soil moisture sensor, pressure biography
Sensor and the drain flow-meter are connected with the amplification sampling partitioned signal.
As the improvement of above-mentioned technical proposal, the upper end opening for having bottom to survey hole is described to have bottom to survey the side wall cheated and bottom
The equal water proof closing of wall, described to have bottom survey to be provided with 2 meters of thick original state soil layers in cheating, the bottom of the original state soil layer is provided with 30 lis
The thick filtering layer of rice, the communicating pipe connect the bottom of the filtering layer.
As the improvement of above-mentioned technical proposal, the top for having bottom to survey hole is provided with movable rainproof canopy.
As the improvement of above-mentioned technical proposal, the irrigation rig, which is provided with, irrigates translation mechanism and irrigation elevating mechanism.
As the improvement of above-mentioned technical proposal, the bottom of the communicating pipe connection par device, and the par device
Bottom level is identical with the bottom level for having bottom to survey hole；The par device is equipped with scale, in the par device water level by
The industrial control computer is monitored and shown.
As the improvement of above-mentioned technical proposal, the soil moisture sensor, which is embedded in, described has bottom to survey 0~40 centimetre of hole
In deep soil layer, and the soil moisture sensor includes four standalone sensors, and each standalone sensor can gather
The real-time average soil moisture content of 10 cm layer of soil thickness.
As the improvement of above-mentioned technical proposal, visiDAQ configuration softwares are installed in the industrial control computer.
As the improvement of above-mentioned technical proposal, the par device is 200 millimeters of diameter, the plastic tube of 2200 millimeters of length
Column.
Compared with prior art, implementation result of the invention is as follows by the present invention：
A kind of farm field irrigation drainage experiment automatic control system of the present invention, the filling row for realizing the row's of filling experiment survey hole are automatic
Control integration can both monitor the dynamic change of topsoil or section soil moisture and need to be filled automatically according to experiment in real time
It irrigates, and can regulate and control survey the level of ground water and its dynamic change in hole with automatic stepless, and displacement is mended to duty and underground water
It is measured.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structure diagram that a kind of farm field irrigation drainage of the present invention tests automatic control system；
Fig. 2 is the flow diagram of the present invention for having bottom survey hole level of ground water to automatically control.
Specific embodiment
Illustrate present disclosure below in conjunction with specific embodiments.
As shown in Figure 1, the present embodiment provided a kind of farm field irrigation drainage experiment automatic control system, include bottom survey hole 1,
It is arranged at bottom and surveys the irrigation rig 12 of 1 top of hole, the soil moisture sensor 13 and par that are arranged in bottom survey hole 1
Device 2；There is bottom to be connected with communicating pipe 4-1 between surveying the peaceful hydrophone 2 in hole 1, water inlet pipe 4-2 and drainpipe are connected on communicating pipe 4-1
4-3 is additionally provided with pressure sensor 3 and electrical ball valve 5-1 on communicating pipe 4-1, and water inlet pipe 4-2 and drainpipe 4-3 are with connecting
The junction of pipe 4-1 is located between electrical ball valve 5-1 peace hydrophone 2, and pressure sensor 3 is arranged at electrical ball valve 5-1 and has bottom
It surveys between hole 1；Feed water flow gauge 6 and entering water electromagnetic valve 5-2 are provided on water inlet pipe 4-2, blowdown stream is provided on drainpipe 4-3
Gauge 7 and drain solenoid valve 5-3；
Industrial control computer 11 is further included, industrial control computer 11 is provided with digital output module 8, On-off signal
Plate 9 and amplification sampling plate 10, irrigation rig 12, electrical ball valve 5-1 and drain solenoid valve 5-3 and 8 signal of digital output module connect
It connects, feed water flow gauge 6 is connected with 9 signal of On-off signal plate, soil moisture sensor 13, pressure sensor 3 and drain discharge
Meter 7 is connected with amplification 10 signal of sampling plate.Specifically, par device 2 is 200 millimeters of diameter, the plastic risers of 2200 millimeters of length.
The static water level that pressure sensor 3 can monitor par device 2 and have bottom to survey in hole 1 simultaneously；Electrical ball valve 5-1 is used for
Control par device 2 is closed with there is bottom to survey the connection in hole 1 with partition, it is necessary to detect electrical ball valve 5-1 when the level of ground water in hole 1 is surveyed at bottom
It closes, other times electrical ball valve 5-1 is out even state；Due to there is the pressure difference that bottom is surveyed between the peaceful hydrophone 2 in hole 1 smaller,
Electrical ball valve 5-1 can be selected, compared to normally open solenoid valve, electrical ball valve 5-1 can ensure can be normal in the case of " zero pressure difference "
It acts and with relatively low cost.
LWBS-15 impulse type flow transmitters specifically may be employed in feed water flow gauge 6 and drain flow-meter 7, are arranged more
It is standby to share one.
Specifically, the upper end opening for having bottom to survey hole 1 has bottom to survey the side wall in hole 1 and the equal water proof closing of bottom wall, has bottom to survey hole 1
In be provided with 2 meters of thick original state soil layers, the bottom of original state soil layer is provided with the filtering layer of 30 cm thicks, communicating pipe 4-1 connection filtering layer
Bottom.Original state soil layer, that is, non-disturbed soil, there is that the side wall in hole 1 is surveyed at bottom and the closing of bottom wall equal water proof can completely cut off doing for water periphery outside
It disturbs.
Specifically, the top that hole 1 is surveyed at bottom is provided with movable rainproof canopy.Movable rainproof canopy is used to prevent rainwater in rainfall
It has entered bottom to survey in hole 1, making, which has bottom to survey all Inlet and outlet waters in hole 1, is artificially controlled, and the movable rainproof canopy in non-rainfall
The scope that hole 1 is surveyed at bottom can be removed, avoids keeping the sun off.
Specifically, irrigation rig 12, which is provided with, irrigates translation mechanism and irrigation elevating mechanism.Irrigation rig 12 both can be with water
Square to movement, i.e., bottom is moved to when not irrigating and has been surveyed outside hole 1, has not blocked light；Can also vertical direction movement, make nozzle can basis
The height of crop carries out appropriate adjusting during irrigation, to ensure that the uniformity irrigated and water will not be sprayed onto bottom and survey outside hole 1.
When industrial control computer 11 monitors soil moisture content less than experiment setting lower limit, then irrigation rig 12 is controlled
It has moved to bottom to survey in the range of hole 1, and nozzle is adjusted to suitable position according to the height of crop and is irrigated, irrigation quantity is by industry
The soil moisture upper limit that control computer 11 is set based on the test calculate and determined.
Specifically, communicating pipe 4-1 connects the bottom of par device 2, and the bottom level of par device 2 and the bottom for having bottom survey hole 1
Portion's height is identical；Par device 2 is equipped with scale, and water level is monitored and shown by industrial control computer 11 in par device 2.The soil water
Sub-sensor 13 is embedded in bottom and surveys in the soil layer of 10~40 centimetres of depths in hole, and soil moisture sensor 13 includes four independent biographies
Sensor, each standalone sensor can gather the real-time average soil moisture content of 10 cm layer of soil thickness.Soil moisture content refers to
Soil moisture content is inputted industrial control computer 11, industrial control computer 11 by volumetric water content, soil moisture sensor 13
Dynamic data can be preserved and analyzed and processed, there is bottom to survey whether hole 1 needs to fill according to the judgement of the soil water-physical properties of setting
It irrigates.
Specifically, visiDAQ configuration softwares are installed in industrial control computer 11.Using in visiDAQ configuration softwares
Instrument, by the work secondary development such as hardware configuration, data configuration, graphic image configuration go out to meet scientific research requirements, high-performance,
Specialized level of ground water real time monitoring and data Collection ＆ Processing System software；In program operation process, can to parameter into
Row is set or modification；And the various test datas collected are automatically analyzed, computing, Drawing of Curve, report printing and
Every data processing such as storage.
There is bottom to survey 1 bottom filtering layer of hole by pipeline with the indoor par device 2 in underground to be connected.Under static control condition, by
In there is bottom to survey long-term cropping in hole 1, there is the underground water that bottom is surveyed in hole 1 that will rise to crop root area and continuous by soil hollow billet
Constantly supply its physiology and water demand for natural service.Therefore, theoretically since hysteresis has bottom to survey the level of ground water outline cheated in 1
Less than the water level in par device 2, but the two is not much different；Under the conditions of dynamic regulation, as level of ground water rises from a certain low value
To a certain high level or a certain low value is down to by a certain high level, by industrial control computer 11 according to setup parameter auto-control
It completes, there is the water level that bottom is surveyed in the peaceful hydrophone 2 in hole 1 to differ larger in this course.
As needed, the system is divided into two states to the monitoring and control of level of ground water, that is, adds water state and draining shape
State.It is set as in static or level of ground water from low value into high level dynamic changing process plus water state, system passes through pressure sensing
Device 3 detects the hydraulic pressure in par device 2 and compared with setting water level value, when the water level value detected is less than setting value, such as
Δ h=-3mm, industrial control computer 11 send instruction, and entering water electromagnetic valve 5-2 unlatchings carry out plus water；In level of ground water from height
Value is set as hull-borne when being down to low value dynamic change, have the water that bottom is surveyed in hole 1 that will be back to par device 2 in the process
It is interior, to controlling also by the water level in the adjusting par of industrial control computer 11 device 2 come what is completed for water level, that is, work as inspection
When the water level measured is higher than setting water level value, such as Δ h=+10mm, instruction is sent by industrial control computer 11 and opens draining electricity
Magnet valve 5-3 carries out draining.
Level of ground water and its dynamic changing process in hole are surveyed in order to really reflect, the system is additionally arranged to surveying mine water
The monitoring of position.Specific method is：1. under quiescent conditions, by industrial control computer 11 with 2~4 time interval timing when small
It sends instruction and closes electrical ball valve 5-1, the detected value of pressure sensor 3 is read in delay in a moment, this value is to have bottom to survey in hole 1
Level of ground water；2. detection number is increased or decreased according to experiment needs in dynamic process.
For the system level of ground water to be stepless regulated, modification scope is+10cm~-200cm, i.e., more than ground 10 centimetres to
200 centimetres below face.
As shown in Fig. 2, the system can monitor and record the soil moisture content dynamic change of 40 cm layer of soil depth, and according to
The soil moisture lower control limit of input industrial control computer 11, which carrys out automatic decision, has bottom to survey whether hole 1 needs to irrigate, if you need to fill
It irrigates, according to the soil moisture upper control limit of input industrial control computer 11 and the real-time average soil moisture content meter monitored
Irrigation quantity needed for calculation, industrial control computer 11 send instruction to irrigation rig 12, to having bottom survey hole 1 to be irrigated and recording filling
Water.
The system function mainly has：
(1) auto-control level of ground water.It automatically regulated according to test requirements document, control the watery par device state in underground, made
The a certain constant water level of holding (static state regulation and control) or level of ground water is made to rise or fall (dynamic regulation) etc. in some way.
(2) measurement, acquisition and processing full automation of data are realized.These data include survey hole Changes in underground water,
Soil moisture content dynamic, the transpiration quantity of crop, displacement, irrigation volume etc..
(3) the system can be used for farmland irrigating drainage index, saturation and unsaturated soil moisture movement, soil solute transport to advise
The quantitative study in the fields such as rule, soil moisture parameter and SPAC (soil-plant-atmosphere Continuum).
The system can realize filling row experiment overall process real time monitoring and management；Control mode is flexible, it is full-automatic, semi-automatic with
It is combined manually, ensure that reliability, the flexibility of system；The system have timeliness it is strong, it is efficient, contain much information and precision
The features such as high, visualization, intuitive are strong, easy to operate, cheap, easy to spread.
The foregoing is a detailed description of the present invention in conjunction with specific embodiments, it is impossible to assert that the present invention is specific real
It applies and is only limitted to these explanations.For those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs, before present inventive concept is not departed from
It puts, several simple deduction or replace can also be made, should all be considered as belonging to the scope of protection of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of farm field irrigation drainage tests automatic control system, it is characterized in that, include bottom and survey hole (1), be arranged at and described have bottom survey
It cheats the irrigation rig (12) above (1), be arranged at the soil moisture sensor (13) and par for thering is bottom to survey in hole (1)
Device (2)；It is described have bottom survey hole (1) and the par device (2) between be connected with communicating pipe (4-1), connect on the communicating pipe (4-1)
Water inlet pipe (4-2) and drainpipe (4-3) are connected to, pressure sensor (3) and electrical ball valve are additionally provided on the communicating pipe (4-1)
(5-1), and the junction of the water inlet pipe (4-2) and the drainpipe (4-3) and the communicating pipe (4-1) are positioned at described electronic
Between ball valve (5-1) and the par device (2), the pressure sensor (3) is arranged at the electrical ball valve (5-1) and described has
Bottom is surveyed between hole (1)；Feed water flow gauge (6) and entering water electromagnetic valve (5-2), the draining are provided on the water inlet pipe (4-2)
Drain flow-meter (7) and drain solenoid valve (5-3) are provided on pipe (4-3)；
Industrial control computer (11) is further included, the industrial control computer (11) is provided with digital output module (8), switch
Measure tablet (9) and amplification sampling plate (10), the irrigation rig (12), the electrical ball valve (5-1) and the draining electromagnetism
Valve (5-3) is connected with the digital output module (8) signal, and the feed water flow gauge (6) is believed with the On-off signal plate (9)
Number connection, the soil moisture sensor (13), the pressure sensor (3) and the drain flow-meter (7) and the amplification
Sampling plate (10) signal connects.
2. a kind of farm field irrigation drainage experiment automatic control system as described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, it is described to there is bottom to survey hole (1)
Upper end opening, the side wall for having bottom to survey hole (1) and bottom wall equal water proof closing, described have bottom to survey in hole (1) to be provided with 2 meters of thickness
Original state soil layer, the bottom of the original state soil layer is provided with the filtering layer of 30 cm thicks, and the communicating pipe (4-1) connects the filtering layer
Bottom.
3. a kind of farm field irrigation drainage experiment automatic control system as described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, it is described to there is bottom to survey hole (1)
Top be provided with movable rainproof canopy.
4. a kind of farm field irrigation drainage experiment automatic control system as described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the irrigation rig (12)
It is provided with and irrigates translation mechanism and irrigation elevating mechanism.
5. a kind of farm field irrigation drainage experiment automatic control system as described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the communicating pipe (4-1)
Connect the bottom of the par device (2), and the bottom level of the par device (2) and the bottom level for thering is bottom to survey hole (1)
It is identical；The par device (2) is equipped with scale, and the interior water level of the par device (2) is monitored by the industrial control computer (11)
And it shows.
6. a kind of farm field irrigation drainage experiment automatic control system as described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the soil moisture sensing
Device (13) has bottom to survey in the soil layer of (1) 0~40 centimetre of depth in hole described in being embedded in, and the soil moisture sensor (13) includes four
A standalone sensor, each standalone sensor can gather the real-time average soil moisture content of 10 cm layer of soil thickness.
7. a kind of farm field irrigation drainage experiment automatic control system as described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the Industry Control calculates
Machine is equipped with visiDAQ configuration softwares in (11).
8. a kind of farm field irrigation drainage experiment automatic control system as described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the par device (2) is
The plastic risers of 200 millimeters of diameter, 2200 millimeters of length.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201711361983.1A CN108061791A (en) | 2017-12-18 | 2017-12-18 | A kind of farm field irrigation drainage tests automatic control system |
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| CN201711361983.1A CN108061791A (en) | 2017-12-18 | 2017-12-18 | A kind of farm field irrigation drainage tests automatic control system |
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| CN112285310A (en) * | 2020-10-20 | 2021-01-29 | 武汉大学 | A system for monitoring nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients in irrigation and drainage |
| CN116466030A (en) * | 2023-03-15 | 2023-07-21 | 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 | A large-scale groundwater depth control experimental device and its application method |
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| CN112285310A (en) * | 2020-10-20 | 2021-01-29 | 武汉大学 | A system for monitoring nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients in irrigation and drainage |
| CN116466030A (en) * | 2023-03-15 | 2023-07-21 | 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 | A large-scale groundwater depth control experimental device and its application method |
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Application publication date: 20180522 |