CN107125072A - A kind of implantation methods of the ecological paddy rice of high mountain - Google Patents
A kind of implantation methods of the ecological paddy rice of high mountain Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/40—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2101/00—Agricultural use
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of implantation methods of the ecological paddy rice of high mountain, it is related to Rice Cropping technical field, comprises the following steps：(1) choose seeds, (2) seed treatment, (3) seedling, (4) crop field prepares, (5) shoot transplanting equipment, (6) field management, (7) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, (8) harvesting.It is no during the whole plantation of ecological paddy rice of the present invention to use chemical fertilizer and agricultural chemicals, and by the use of the pollution-free soil of high mountain and water source as growth conditions, so as to improve the edible safety and nutritive value of rice；The use of water-loss reducer can greatly prolong the watering period, and the loss of moisture is reduced while moisture needed for meeting paddy growth, reduce irrigation cost, so as to reduce the market price of paddy or rice, expand consumer groups.
Description
Technical field：
The present invention relates to Rice Cropping technical field, and in particular to a kind of implantation methods of the ecological paddy rice of high mountain.
Background technology：
Ecologic planting refers on the premise of protection, improving agroecological environment, it then follows ecological, ecological economics rule
Rule, with systematic approach and modern science and technology, the Agricultural Development Model of intensive management.Ecologic planting is an ecology
Economy composite system, integrates agreement with plantation economic system by the plantation ecosystem and gets up, whole with the ecological economy for obtaining maximum
Body benefit.
Ecological Rice Cropping is the high yielding culture of rice for target with high-quality, safety, during planting without using agricultural chemicals or
Person is used below a small amount of agricultural chemicals of green rice consumption 80%；Fertilizer amount is reduced, is the 30-70% of green rice consumption, is increased
Plus the consumption of organic fertilizer and bio-fertilizer；And the security quality and nutritional quality for planting gained rice are high, workable, environmental protection
Property it is high.
High mountain ecology paddy rice refers to the ecological paddy rice of plantation on high mountain of the height above sea level more than 500 meters, makes full use of high mountain without dirt
The water source and soil of dye, so as to plant out high quality white rice.High mountain plants ecological paddy rice influence yield and the key factor of cost
Irrigation Problems, because high mountain duty is limited, in order to which moisture needs needed for meeting paddy growth increase irrigation cost, so that directly
The selling price for improving ecological rice is connect, ordinary consumer is not possessed the condition of purchase ecological rice, also just have impact on life
The sales volume of state rice.Therefore, want to improve the yield of the ecological paddy rice of high mountain and reduce its planting cost, it is necessary to develop new high mountain
Ecological paddy rice planting method, to meet the market requirement.
The content of the invention：
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are to provide a kind of high yield, quality better and planting cost is relatively low
The implantation methods of high mountain ecology paddy rice.
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are realized using following technical scheme：
A kind of implantation methods of the ecological paddy rice of high mountain, comprise the following steps：
(1) choose seeds：Selection tillering ability is strong, grain number per spike is more, setting percentage is high, dry granular weighs height, disease and insect resistance and strong stress resistance
High-grade rice seed；
(2) seed treatment：Select fair weather that seed rice tiling 3-4cm thickness is basked seeds 1-2 days, should not be injured when noting stirring
Seed rice epidermis；Clear water is submerged into seed rice, the seed rice bubbled through the water column is rejected；Seed rice is soaked into 10-15min in 50-55 DEG C of warm water,
Soaked in 20-25 DEG C of normal-temperature water 2-3 days, then under the conditions of 25-28 DEG C of temperature, humidity 80-85% to seed rice vernalization, with
Budding 2-5mm is preferred, and normal temperature dries in the air bud 1 day；
(3) seedling：Compare 1 by rice seedling bed and area of field:15-30 ratio seedling, farm organic fertilizer is used sufficient to rice seedling bed, and moisture in the soil is wide
1.2-1.5m, furrow width 0.3-0.5m, seedling density are every square metre and broadcast sowing seed rice 100-150g；
(4) crop field prepares：Farm organic fertilizer is used sufficient to crop field, and water-loss reducer, paddy field are spread fertilizer over the fields by every mu of 0.5-2kg consumption
25-30cm is ploughed deeply, is flattened；
(5) shoot transplanting equipment：Transplanted when rice shoot grows 3-4 leaves, line-spacing 25-30cm, hill spacing 10-15cm, it is shallow to insert not fall
For principle；
(6) field management：3-4cm water layers are maintained before period of seedling establishment to early tillering stage, are maintained in early tillering stage to boot stage
1.5cm water layers, 3cm water layers are maintained at heading stage, and soil moisture content is maintained in the watery stage in 85-90%；
(7) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：The method that pest and disease damage is prevented and treated using artificial physics, without using agricultural chemicals, pulls out barnyard grass in time；
(8) gather in：Start when the yellow complete ripeness rate of paddy reaches more than 95% harvesting, to harvested paddy carry out and
When dry, dry to water content reach requirement when pack storage.
The water-loss reducer is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight：10-15 parts of volcanic ash, poly glycol monomethyl ether are modified shell
3-5 parts of oligosaccharides, 2-3 parts of polyglutamic acid, 1-2 parts of pregelatinized starch, its preparation method is：Poly glycol monomethyl ether is modified shell
The mixture of oligosaccharides, polyglutamic acid and pregelatinized starch is added in 5-10 times of parts by weight water, is warming up to reflux state insulation and is stirred
Mix 10-15min, and naturally cool to 50-55 DEG C, produce mixed liquor；Volcanic ash is added in drum mixer at 75-80 DEG C
Rotation mixing, then made mixed liquor is formed with spraying in penetrating drum mixer, mixed liquor continues to rotate after spray mixes 15-
30min, produces water-loss reducer.
The preparation method that the poly glycol monomethyl ether is modified chitosan oligosaccharide is：Poly glycol monomethyl ether is mixed with adipic acid
After be warming up to 115-120 DEG C of insulated and stirred 2-5h, naturally cool to and chitosan oligosaccharide added after room temperature, then be warming up to 120-125 DEG C of guarantor
Temperature stirring 3-6h, then adds nanometer rubber powder, continues in 120-125 DEG C of insulated and stirred 1-2h, during after naturally cool to 55-60 DEG C
55-60 DEG C of water is added dropwise, drips off in rear insulated and stirred 15-30min, gained mixture feeding spray dryer, dries gained particle
Micro mist is made through micronizer, produces poly glycol monomethyl ether and is modified chitosan oligosaccharide.
The poly glycol monomethyl ether, adipic acid, chitosan oligosaccharide, the mass ratio of nanometer rubber powder and water are 10-20:1-5:20-
30:0.5-2:50-100。
The nanometer rubber powder is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight：5-10 parts of calcined kaolin, microcrystalline cellulose 3-5
Part, 2-3 parts of poloxamer, 1-2 parts of N hydroxymethyl acrylamide, 1-2 parts of poly-aspartic-acid, poly dimethyl allyl chlorination
0.5-1 parts of ammonium, its preparation method is：N hydroxymethyl acrylamide and poly dimethyl allyl chlorine are added into calcined kaolin
Change ammonium, be warming up to 75-80 DEG C of insulation mixing 10-15min, add microcrystalline cellulose, poloxamer and poly-aspartic-acid, after
It is continuous to be warming up to 120-125 DEG C of insulation mixing 15-30min, room temperature is naturally cooled to, gained mixture is according to conventional nano rubber powder system
Nanometer rubber powder is made in standby technology.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
(1) it is no during the whole plantation of the ecological paddy rice to use chemical fertilizer and agricultural chemicals, and utilize the pollution-free soil of high mountain
Earth and water source are as growth conditions, so as to improve the edible safety and nutritive value of rice；
(2) use of water-loss reducer can greatly prolong the watering period, improve the water retention of soil, meeting paddy growth institute
The loss of moisture is reduced while needing moisture, to adapt to the high mountain planting environment of paddy rice, irrigation cost is reduced, so as to reduce paddy
Or the market price of rice, expand consumer groups；
(3) poly glycol monomethyl ether is modified the preparation of chitosan oligosaccharide using two kinds of sides of chemical modification and physical modification in water-loss reducer
Esterification generation monofunctional carboxylic acids poly glycol monomethyl ether, simple function first occur with adipic acid for formula, poly glycol monomethyl ether
Group carboxylic acid poly glycol monomethyl ether structure in carboxyl again with the hydroxyl reaction in chitosan oligosaccharide structure, so as to pass through chemical modification side
Method, which makes to be modified chitosan oligosaccharide, has excellent water retention property；And by the physical modification of nanometer rubber powder, strengthen made water-loss reducer in soil
Comixing compatibility in earth, the action time of extension water-loss reducer, and made poly glycol monomethyl ether modification chitosan oligosaccharide have good
Good biodegradability.
Embodiment：
In order that the technical means, the inventive features, the objects and the advantages of the present invention are easy to understand, tie below
Specific embodiment is closed, the present invention is expanded on further.
Embodiment 1
(1) choose seeds：Selection tillering ability is strong, grain number per spike is more, setting percentage is high, dry granular weighs height, disease and insect resistance and strong stress resistance
High-grade rice seed；
(2) seed treatment：Select fair weather that seed rice tiling 3-4cm thickness is basked seeds 2 days, rice should not be injured when noting stirring
Plant epidermis；Clear water is submerged into seed rice, the seed rice bubbled through the water column is rejected；Seed rice is soaked into 10min in 50-55 DEG C of warm water, then at
Soaked 2 days in 20-25 DEG C of normal-temperature water, then to seed rice vernalization under the conditions of 25-28 DEG C of temperature, humidity 80-85%, with the 2- that sprouts
5mm is preferred, and normal temperature dries in the air bud 1 day；
(3) seedling：Compare 1 by rice seedling bed and area of field:20 ratio seedling, farm organic fertilizer is used sufficient to rice seedling bed, and moisture in the soil is wide
1.2-1.5m, furrow width 0.3-0.5m, seedling density are every square metre and broadcast sowing seed rice 150g；
(4) crop field prepares：Farm organic fertilizer is used sufficient to crop field, and water-loss reducer is spread fertilizer over the fields by every mu of 0.5kg consumption, paddy field is deep
25-30cm is turned over, is flattened；
(5) shoot transplanting equipment：Transplanted when rice shoot grows 3-4 leaves, line-spacing 25-30cm, hill spacing 10-15cm, it is shallow to insert not fall
For principle；
(6) field management：3-4cm water layers are maintained before period of seedling establishment to early tillering stage, are maintained in early tillering stage to boot stage
1.5cm water layers, 3cm water layers are maintained at heading stage, and soil moisture content is maintained in the watery stage in 85-90%；
(7) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：The method that pest and disease damage is prevented and treated using artificial physics, without using agricultural chemicals, pulls out barnyard grass in time；
(8) gather in：Start when the yellow complete ripeness rate of paddy reaches more than 95% harvesting, to harvested paddy carry out and
When dry, dry to water content reach requirement when pack storage.
The preparation of water-loss reducer：30g poly glycol monomethyl ethers are modified into chitosan oligosaccharide, 20g polyglutamic acids and 10g pregelatinateds to form sediment
The mixture of powder is added in 5 times of parts by weight water, is warming up to reflux state insulated and stirred 10min, and naturally cools to 50-55 DEG C,
Produce mixed liquor；150g volcanic ash is added in drum mixer in rotating mixing at 75-80 DEG C, then by made mixed liquor to spray
Mist formation is sprayed into drum mixer, and mixed liquor continues to rotate mixing 15min after having sprayed, and produces water-loss reducer.
Poly glycol monomethyl ether is modified the preparation of chitosan oligosaccharide：Risen after 20g poly glycol monomethyl ethers are mixed with 5g adipic acids
Temperature naturally cools to addition 30g chitosan oligosaccharides after room temperature, then is warming up to 120-125 DEG C of insulation and stir to 115-120 DEG C of insulated and stirred 3h
4h is mixed, 0.5g nanometers of rubber powders are then added, continues in 120-125 DEG C of insulated and stirred 1h, is added dropwise during after naturally cool to 55-60 DEG C
100g 55-60 DEG C water, drips off in rear insulated and stirred 30min, gained mixture feeding spray dryer, dries gained particle warp
Micro mist is made in micronizer, produces poly glycol monomethyl ether and is modified chitosan oligosaccharide.
The preparation of nanometer rubber powder：0.1g N hydroxymethyl acrylamides and the poly- diformazans of 0.05g are added into 1g calcined kaolins
Base diallyl ammonium chloride, is warming up to 75-80 DEG C of insulation mixing 10min, adds 0.3g microcrystalline celluloses, 0.2g poloxamers
With 0.1g poly-aspartic-acids, 120-125 DEG C of insulation mixing 20min is continuously heating to, room temperature, gained mixture is naturally cooled to
Nanometer rubber powder is made according to conventional nano rubber powder technology of preparing.
Embodiment 2
(1) choose seeds：Selection tillering ability is strong, grain number per spike is more, setting percentage is high, dry granular weighs height, disease and insect resistance and strong stress resistance
High-grade rice seed；
(2) seed treatment：Select fair weather that seed rice tiling 3-4cm thickness is basked seeds 2 days, rice should not be injured when noting stirring
Plant epidermis；Clear water is submerged into seed rice, the seed rice bubbled through the water column is rejected；Seed rice is soaked into 10min in 50-55 DEG C of warm water, then at
Soaked 2 days in 20-25 DEG C of normal-temperature water, then to seed rice vernalization under the conditions of 25-28 DEG C of temperature, humidity 80-85%, with the 2- that sprouts
5mm is preferred, and normal temperature dries in the air bud 1 day；
(3) seedling：Compare 1 by rice seedling bed and area of field:20 ratio seedling, farm organic fertilizer is used sufficient to rice seedling bed, and moisture in the soil is wide
1.2-1.5m, furrow width 0.3-0.5m, seedling density are every square metre and broadcast sowing seed rice 150g；
(4) crop field prepares：Farm organic fertilizer is used sufficient to crop field, and water-loss reducer is spread fertilizer over the fields by every mu of 0.5kg consumption, paddy field is deep
25-30cm is turned over, is flattened；
(5) shoot transplanting equipment：Transplanted when rice shoot grows 3-4 leaves, line-spacing 25-30cm, hill spacing 10-15cm, it is shallow to insert not fall
For principle；
(6) field management：3-4cm water layers are maintained before period of seedling establishment to early tillering stage, are maintained in early tillering stage to boot stage
1.5cm water layers, 3cm water layers are maintained at heading stage, and soil moisture content is maintained in the watery stage in 85-90%；
(7) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：The method that pest and disease damage is prevented and treated using artificial physics, without using agricultural chemicals, pulls out barnyard grass in time；
(8) gather in：Start when the yellow complete ripeness rate of paddy reaches more than 95% harvesting, to harvested paddy carry out and
When dry, dry to water content reach requirement when pack storage.
The preparation of water-loss reducer：50g poly glycol monomethyl ethers are modified into chitosan oligosaccharide, 20g polyglutamic acids and 10g pregelatinateds to form sediment
The mixture of powder is added in 5 times of parts by weight water, is warming up to reflux state insulated and stirred 15min, and naturally cools to 50-55 DEG C,
Produce mixed liquor；150g volcanic ash is added in drum mixer in rotating mixing at 75-80 DEG C, then by made mixed liquor to spray
Mist formation is sprayed into drum mixer, and mixed liquor continues to rotate mixing 15min after having sprayed, and produces water-loss reducer.
Poly glycol monomethyl ether is modified the preparation of chitosan oligosaccharide：Risen after 15g poly glycol monomethyl ethers are mixed with 3g adipic acids
Temperature naturally cools to addition 30g chitosan oligosaccharides after room temperature, then is warming up to 120-125 DEG C of insulation and stir to 115-120 DEG C of insulated and stirred 3h
3h is mixed, 0.5g nanometers of rubber powders are then added, continues in 120-125 DEG C of insulated and stirred 1h, is added dropwise during after naturally cool to 55-60 DEG C
100g 55-60 DEG C water, drips off in rear insulated and stirred 30min, gained mixture feeding spray dryer, dries gained particle warp
Micro mist is made in micronizer, produces poly glycol monomethyl ether and is modified chitosan oligosaccharide.
The preparation of nanometer rubber powder：0.2g N hydroxymethyl acrylamides and the poly- diformazans of 0.05g are added into 1g calcined kaolins
Base diallyl ammonium chloride, is warming up to 75-80 DEG C of insulation mixing 15min, adds 0.5g microcrystalline celluloses, 0.3g poloxamers
With 0.2g poly-aspartic-acids, 120-125 DEG C of insulation mixing 20min is continuously heating to, room temperature, gained mixture is naturally cooled to
Nanometer rubber powder is made according to conventional nano rubber powder technology of preparing.
Reference examples 1
(1) choose seeds：Selection tillering ability is strong, grain number per spike is more, setting percentage is high, dry granular weighs height, disease and insect resistance and strong stress resistance
High-grade rice seed；
(2) seed treatment：Select fair weather that seed rice tiling 3-4cm thickness is basked seeds 2 days, rice should not be injured when noting stirring
Plant epidermis；Clear water is submerged into seed rice, the seed rice bubbled through the water column is rejected；Seed rice is soaked into 10min in 50-55 DEG C of warm water, then at
Soaked 2 days in 20-25 DEG C of normal-temperature water, then to seed rice vernalization under the conditions of 25-28 DEG C of temperature, humidity 80-85%, with the 2- that sprouts
5mm is preferred, and normal temperature dries in the air bud 1 day；
(3) seedling：Compare 1 by rice seedling bed and area of field:20 ratio seedling, farm organic fertilizer is used sufficient to rice seedling bed, and moisture in the soil is wide
1.2-1.5m, furrow width 0.3-0.5m, seedling density are every square metre and broadcast sowing seed rice 150g；
(4) crop field prepares：Farm organic fertilizer is used sufficient to crop field, and water-loss reducer is spread fertilizer over the fields by every mu of 0.5kg consumption, paddy field is deep
25-30cm is turned over, is flattened；
(5) shoot transplanting equipment：Transplanted when rice shoot grows 3-4 leaves, line-spacing 25-30cm, hill spacing 10-15cm, it is shallow to insert not fall
For principle；
(6) field management：3-4cm water layers are maintained before period of seedling establishment to early tillering stage, are maintained in early tillering stage to boot stage
1.5cm water layers, 3cm water layers are maintained at heading stage, and soil moisture content is maintained in the watery stage in 85-90%；
(7) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：The method that pest and disease damage is prevented and treated using artificial physics, without using agricultural chemicals, pulls out barnyard grass in time；
(8) gather in：Start when the yellow complete ripeness rate of paddy reaches more than 95% harvesting, to harvested paddy carry out and
When dry, dry to water content reach requirement when pack storage.
The preparation of water-loss reducer：50g poly glycol monomethyl ethers are modified into chitosan oligosaccharide, 20g polyglutamic acids and 10g pregelatinateds to form sediment
The mixture of powder is added in 5 times of parts by weight water, is warming up to reflux state insulated and stirred 15min, and naturally cools to 50-55 DEG C,
Produce mixed liquor；150g volcanic ash is added in drum mixer in rotating mixing at 75-80 DEG C, then by made mixed liquor to spray
Mist formation is sprayed into drum mixer, and mixed liquor continues to rotate mixing 15min after having sprayed, and produces water-loss reducer.
Poly glycol monomethyl ether is modified the preparation of chitosan oligosaccharide：Risen after 15g poly glycol monomethyl ethers are mixed with 3g adipic acids
Temperature naturally cools to addition 30g chitosan oligosaccharides after room temperature, then is warming up to 120-125 DEG C of insulation and stir to 115-120 DEG C of insulated and stirred 3h
3h is mixed, after naturally cool to 100g 55-60 DEG C water is added dropwise at 55-60 DEG C, rear insulated and stirred 30min is dripped off, gained mixture is sent
Enter in spray dryer, dry gained particle and micro mist is made through micronizer, produce poly glycol monomethyl ether and be modified chitosan oligosaccharide.
Reference examples 2
(1) choose seeds：Selection tillering ability is strong, grain number per spike is more, setting percentage is high, dry granular weighs height, disease and insect resistance and strong stress resistance
High-grade rice seed；
(2) seed treatment：Select fair weather that seed rice tiling 3-4cm thickness is basked seeds 2 days, rice should not be injured when noting stirring
Plant epidermis；Clear water is submerged into seed rice, the seed rice bubbled through the water column is rejected；Seed rice is soaked into 10min in 50-55 DEG C of warm water, then at
Soaked 2 days in 20-25 DEG C of normal-temperature water, then to seed rice vernalization under the conditions of 25-28 DEG C of temperature, humidity 80-85%, with the 2- that sprouts
5mm is preferred, and normal temperature dries in the air bud 1 day；
(3) seedling：Compare 1 by rice seedling bed and area of field:20 ratio seedling, farm organic fertilizer is used sufficient to rice seedling bed, and moisture in the soil is wide
1.2-1.5m, furrow width 0.3-0.5m, seedling density are every square metre and broadcast sowing seed rice 150g；
(4) crop field prepares：Farm organic fertilizer is used sufficient to crop field, and water-loss reducer is spread fertilizer over the fields by every mu of 0.5kg consumption, paddy field is deep
25-30cm is turned over, is flattened；
(5) shoot transplanting equipment：Transplanted when rice shoot grows 3-4 leaves, line-spacing 25-30cm, hill spacing 10-15cm, it is shallow to insert not fall
For principle；
(6) field management：3-4cm water layers are maintained before period of seedling establishment to early tillering stage, are maintained in early tillering stage to boot stage
1.5cm water layers, 3cm water layers are maintained at heading stage, and soil moisture content is maintained in the watery stage in 85-90%；
(7) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：The method that pest and disease damage is prevented and treated using artificial physics, without using agricultural chemicals, pulls out barnyard grass in time；
(8) gather in：Start when the yellow complete ripeness rate of paddy reaches more than 95% harvesting, to harvested paddy carry out and
When dry, dry to water content reach requirement when pack storage.
The preparation of water-loss reducer：The mixture of 20g polyglutamic acids and 10g pregelatinized starch is added in 5 times of parts by weight water,
It is warming up to reflux state insulated and stirred 15min, and naturally cools to 50-55 DEG C, produces mixed liquor；150g volcanic ash is added and rolled
In rotating mixing at 75-80 DEG C in cylinder mixer, then made mixed liquor formed with spraying in penetrating drum mixer, mixed liquor
Continue to rotate mixing 15min after having sprayed, produce water-loss reducer.
Reference examples 3
(1) choose seeds：Selection tillering ability is strong, grain number per spike is more, setting percentage is high, dry granular weighs height, disease and insect resistance and strong stress resistance
High-grade rice seed；
(2) seed treatment：Select fair weather that seed rice tiling 3-4cm thickness is basked seeds 2 days, rice should not be injured when noting stirring
Plant epidermis；Clear water is submerged into seed rice, the seed rice bubbled through the water column is rejected；Seed rice is soaked into 10min in 50-55 DEG C of warm water, then at
Soaked 2 days in 20-25 DEG C of normal-temperature water, then to seed rice vernalization under the conditions of 25-28 DEG C of temperature, humidity 80-85%, with the 2- that sprouts
5mm is preferred, and normal temperature dries in the air bud 1 day；
(3) seedling：Compare 1 by rice seedling bed and area of field:20 ratio seedling, farm organic fertilizer is used sufficient to rice seedling bed, and moisture in the soil is wide
1.2-1.5m, furrow width 0.3-0.5m, seedling density are every square metre and broadcast sowing seed rice 150g；
(4) crop field prepares：Farm organic fertilizer is used sufficient to crop field, 25-30cm is ploughed deeply in paddy field, flattened；
(5) shoot transplanting equipment：Transplanted when rice shoot grows 3-4 leaves, line-spacing 25-30cm, hill spacing 10-15cm, it is shallow to insert not fall
For principle；
(6) field management：3-4cm water layers are maintained before period of seedling establishment to early tillering stage, are maintained in early tillering stage to boot stage
1.5cm water layers, 3cm water layers are maintained at heading stage, and soil moisture content is maintained in the watery stage in 85-90%；
(7) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：The method that pest and disease damage is prevented and treated using artificial physics, without using agricultural chemicals, pulls out barnyard grass in time；
(8) gather in：Start when the yellow complete ripeness rate of paddy reaches more than 95% harvesting, to harvested paddy carry out and
When dry, dry to water content reach requirement when pack storage.
Embodiment 3
In same implantation time, embodiment 1, embodiment 2, reference examples 1, reference examples 2, the institute of reference examples 3 are utilized simultaneously respectively
The plantation that method carries out the ecological paddy rice of high mountain is stated, rice yield, and the irrigation water gaining rate of the relatively non-high mountain plantation of calculating is recorded,
As a result as shown in table 1, while determining embodiment 1, embodiment 2, reference examples 1, the water absorbing properties of the made water-loss reducer of reference examples 2.
The plantation result of the inventive method of table 1
| Project | Embodiment 1 | Embodiment 2 | Reference examples 1 | Reference examples 2 | Reference examples 3 |
| Kg/ mus of rice yield | 528 | 534 | 497 | 462 | 413 |
| Irrigation water gaining rate/% | 30.1 | 29.8 | 36.8 | 41.7 | 54.4 |
| Water absorption rate g/g | 219 | 232 | 185 | 103 | - |
The general principle and principal character and advantages of the present invention of the present invention has been shown and described above.The technology of the industry
Personnel are it should be appreciated that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and the simply explanation described in above-described embodiment and specification is originally
The principle of invention, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, various changes and modifications of the present invention are possible, these changes
Change and improvement all fall within the protetion scope of the claimed invention.The claimed scope of the invention by appended claims and its
Equivalent thereof.
Claims (5)
1. the implantation methods of the ecological paddy rice of a kind of high mountain, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
(1) choose seeds：Select that tillering ability is strong, grain number per spike is more, setting percentage is high, dry granular weighs the high-quality of height, disease and insect resistance and strong stress resistance
Rice paddy seed；
(2) seed treatment：Select fair weather that seed rice tiling 3-4cm thickness is basked seeds 1-2 days, seed rice should not be injured when noting stirring
Epidermis；Clear water is submerged into seed rice, the seed rice bubbled through the water column is rejected；Seed rice is soaked into 10-15min in 50-55 DEG C of warm water, then at
Soaked in 20-25 DEG C of normal-temperature water 2-3 days, then to seed rice vernalization under the conditions of 25-28 DEG C of temperature, humidity 80-85%, to sprout
2-5mm is preferred, and normal temperature dries in the air bud 1 day；
(3) seedling：Compare 1 by rice seedling bed and area of field:15-30 ratio seedling, farm organic fertilizer, the wide 1.2- of moisture in the soil are used sufficient to rice seedling bed
1.5m, furrow width 0.3-0.5m, seedling density are every square metre and broadcast sowing seed rice 100-150g；
(4) crop field prepares：Farm organic fertilizer is used sufficient to crop field, and water-loss reducer is spread fertilizer over the fields by every mu of 0.5-2kg consumption, paddy field is ploughed deeply
25-30cm, leveling；
(5) shoot transplanting equipment：Transplanted when rice shoot grows 3-4 leaves, line-spacing 25-30cm, hill spacing 10-15cm, shallow insert not fall is original
Then；
(6) field management：3-4cm water layers are maintained before period of seedling establishment to early tillering stage, 1.5cm is maintained in early tillering stage to boot stage
Water layer, 3cm water layers are maintained at heading stage, and soil moisture content is maintained in the watery stage in 85-90%；
(7) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：The method that pest and disease damage is prevented and treated using artificial physics, without using agricultural chemicals, pulls out barnyard grass in time；
(8) gather in：Start harvesting when the yellow complete ripeness rate of paddy reaches more than 95%, harvested paddy is dried in the air in time
Shine, dry and pack storage when reaching requirement to water content.
2. the implantation methods of the ecological paddy rice of high mountain according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the water-loss reducer by weighing as follows
The raw material of amount number is made：10-15 parts of volcanic ash, poly glycol monomethyl ether be modified 3-5 parts of chitosan oligosaccharide, 2-3 parts of polyglutamic acid,
1-2 parts of pregelatinized starch, its preparation method is：Poly glycol monomethyl ether is modified into chitosan oligosaccharide, polyglutamic acid and pregelatinated to form sediment
The mixture of powder is added in 5-10 times of parts by weight water, is warming up to reflux state insulated and stirred 10-15min, and naturally cool to 50-
55 DEG C, produce mixed liquor；Will volcanic ash add drum mixer at 75-80 DEG C rotate mixing, then by made mixed liquor with
Spraying, which is formed, to be sprayed into drum mixer, and mixed liquor continues to rotate mixing 15-30min after having sprayed, and produces water-loss reducer.
3. the implantation methods of the ecological paddy rice of high mountain according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the poly glycol monomethyl ether
The preparation method of modified chitosan oligosaccharide is：115-120 DEG C of insulated and stirred is warming up to after poly glycol monomethyl ether is mixed with adipic acid
2-5h, naturally cools to and chitosan oligosaccharide is added after room temperature, then is warming up to 120-125 DEG C of insulated and stirred 3-6h, then adds nanometre glue
Powder, continues in 120-125 DEG C of insulated and stirred 1-2h, after naturally cool to 55-60 DEG C of water is added dropwise at 55-60 DEG C, is incubated after dripping off
Stir in 15-30min, gained mixture feeding spray dryer, dry gained particle and micro mist is made through micronizer, produce
Poly glycol monomethyl ether is modified chitosan oligosaccharide.
4. the implantation methods of the ecological paddy rice of high mountain according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：The polyethyleneglycol first
Ether, adipic acid, chitosan oligosaccharide, the mass ratio of nanometer rubber powder and water are 10-20:1-5:20-30:0.5-2:50-100.
5. the implantation methods of the ecological paddy rice of high mountain according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：The nanometer rubber powder is by as follows
The raw material of parts by weight is made：5-10 parts of calcined kaolin, 3-5 parts of microcrystalline cellulose, 2-3 parts of poloxamer, N- methylols third
1-2 parts of acrylamide, 1-2 parts of poly-aspartic-acid, 0.5-1 parts of PDDA, its preparation method is：To forging
Burn and N hydroxymethyl acrylamide and PDDA are added in kaolin, be warming up to 75-80 DEG C of insulation mixing
10-15min, adds microcrystalline cellulose, poloxamer and poly-aspartic-acid, is continuously heating to 120-125 DEG C of insulation mixing
15-30min, naturally cools to room temperature, and nanometer rubber powder is made according to conventional nano rubber powder technology of preparing in gained mixture.
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| CN109379920A (en) * | 2018-09-21 | 2019-02-26 | 湖南省植物保护研究所 | A method of quickly breaks barnyard grass seed dormancy and improve germination percentage |
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| CN106376405A (en) * | 2016-08-16 | 2017-02-08 | 陕西翠草碧叶生态农业科技有限公司 | Chitosan oligosaccharide containing organic rice production method |
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| CN109379920A (en) * | 2018-09-21 | 2019-02-26 | 湖南省植物保护研究所 | A method of quickly breaks barnyard grass seed dormancy and improve germination percentage |
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