CN107119646B - Novel collection of nearly bank waterside tongue device - Google Patents

Novel collection of nearly bank waterside tongue device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107119646B
CN107119646B CN201710431440.6A CN201710431440A CN107119646B CN 107119646 B CN107119646 B CN 107119646B CN 201710431440 A CN201710431440 A CN 201710431440A CN 107119646 B CN107119646 B CN 107119646B
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China
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collecting
enteromorpha
blades
hydraulic cylinder
negative pressure
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CN107119646A (en
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张庆力
连军帅
刘贵杰
郭栋
段文荣
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Qingdao Guangming Environmental Technology Co ltd
Ocean University of China
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Qingdao Guangming Environmental Technology Co ltd
Ocean University of China
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02BHYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B15/00Cleaning or keeping clear the surface of open water; Apparatus therefor
    • E02B15/04Devices for cleaning or keeping clear the surface of open water from oil or like floating materials by separating or removing these materials
    • E02B15/10Devices for removing the material from the surface
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/80Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a novel near-shore enteromorpha collecting device, wherein collecting and transmitting devices are arranged in an inclined upward manner, the top ends of the collecting and transmitting devices are arranged at the front end of a ship body through a supporting shaft, a hydraulic cylinder is arranged between the collecting and transmitting devices and the ship body, a gathering device comprises two baffles, the two baffles are respectively connected to the two sides of the tail end of the collecting and transmitting devices through connecting shafts, and the gathering angle and range are changed through the expansion and contraction of the hydraulic cylinder; the middle lower part of the collecting and transmitting device is provided with a negative pressure adsorption device, the negative pressure adsorption device comprises a propeller and an adjusting device, and the propeller is fixed on the water surface below a transmission belt of the collecting and transmitting device; the shredding device is installed under the top end of the collecting and transmitting device through the base and consists of a feeding hole, a shredding cavity, a discharging hole and blades. The fishing device integrates collection, fishing and chopping, adopts the negative pressure adsorption principle, enables the enteromorpha to float on a transmission belt, improves the fishing efficiency, and avoids secondary pollution of the enteromorpha to the bank.

Description

Novel collection of nearly bank waterside tongue device
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of marine algae cleaning equipment, and particularly relates to a novel near-shore enteromorpha collecting device.
Background
Enteromorpha prolifera grows in clusters in the offshore area in summer, the main branches are obvious, the branches are slender, and the height can reach 1 meter. Due to global climate change, water eutrophication and other reasons, china grows along intertidal zones of the sea, the coastal yield of the east sea is the largest, and green tide outbreak of enteromorpha of marine large-scale algae is caused. A large amount of enteromorpha is floated and gathered to the shore to block a navigation channel, and simultaneously, the ocean ecosystem is damaged, and the development of coastal fishery and tourism industry is seriously threatened.
The Enteromorpha prolifera is rich in carbohydrate, protein, crude fiber and mineral substances, and also contains fat and vitamins. Enteromorpha prolifera is a raw material of natural ideal nutritional food which has high protein, high dietary fiber, low fat and low energy and is rich in minerals and vitamins. Enteromorpha is an alga which is frequently picked by coastal people for eating or being used as feed.
Before 2008, no technique can be completely mentioned about enteromorpha cleaning. In the initial stage of the enteromorpha salvage, the enteromorpha is mainly removed by adopting a manual dip net salvage method. The fishing boat is fished by utilizing the manual hand-net of the low-power fishing boat, the fishing speed is low, the efficiency is low, the labor is wasted, the effect is not obvious, a plurality of enteromorpha fishing boats which surround the offshore loading and unloading platform and are provided with the double-wing attack pocket net in 2014 are fished, and the fishing effect is greatly improved. However, the ordinary fishing boat is adopted for offshore fishing, the ordinary fishing boat is low in navigation speed, the fishing boat can only salvage the enteromorpha once every day from sea to the return base, the salvage amount of the fresh enteromorpha per boat is small, the efficiency is low, the requirement of large-scale enteromorpha cleaning and handling work cannot be met, the salvaged enteromorpha is generally stacked on the shore, secondary pollution is carried out on the coast, meanwhile, the offshore area is shallow, the shape of the shore is complex, and the fishing boat is not suitable for operation.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a device for collecting enteromorpha in offshore areas and bay areas in a continuous salvage mode.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the novel near-shore enteromorpha collecting device comprises a ship body, a collecting and transmitting device, a chopping device, a gathering device, a negative pressure adsorption device and a hydraulic cylinder, wherein the collecting and transmitting device is arranged in an inclined upward manner, the top end of the collecting and transmitting device is installed at the front end of the ship body through a support shaft, the hydraulic cylinder is installed between the collecting and transmitting device and the ship body, the gathering device comprises two baffles, the two baffles are respectively connected to the two sides of the tail end of the collecting and transmitting device through connecting shafts, and the gathering angle and range are changed through the extension and retraction of the hydraulic cylinder; the middle lower part of the collecting and transmitting device is provided with a negative pressure adsorption device, the negative pressure adsorption device consists of a propeller, a hydraulic motor and a bracket, the propeller and the hydraulic motor are locked on a shaft through a round clamping groove by bolts, and the lower end of the propeller is arranged on the water surface below a transmission belt of the collecting and transmitting device; the utility model discloses a crushing device, including the base, the base is installed under the top of gathering transmission device, and the crushing device comprises feed inlet, cuts up chamber, discharge gate, blade, and feed inlet, discharge gate set up respectively in the upper end in the chamber of cutting up, lower extreme, and the blade is installed in the inside in the chamber of cutting up.
Furthermore, adjusting device passes through the screw fixation on the support, and adjusting device comprises axle, T type round pin, spring, nylon rope, bearing and the casing of both ends fluting, installs the casing in proper order in the one end of axle, has set up T type round pin through the bearing inlays in the casing, and the nylon rope is established to the tip of T type round pin.
Furthermore, one end of the hydraulic cylinder is fixed at the front end of the ship body, and the other end of the hydraulic cylinder is installed on a baffle of the gathering device.
The pneumatic cylinder is at flexible in-process, drives two baffles of gathering together the device and inwards compresses or outwards expand, and then regulates and control gathering together angle and scope of gathering together the device, and the impact resistance is strong, and it is convenient fast to adjust, and the practicality is strong.
Further, the shredding device is provided with a hollow cylindrical structure which is penetrated up and down. The internal space of the chopping cavity is larger, so that the enteromorpha to be chopped enters the chopping cavity along the feeding hole, and after the blade is used for secondary cutting, the enteromorpha in a chip shape is discharged along the discharging hole at the bottom of the chopping cavity. Plays a role of a temporary storage cavity of enteromorpha, is beneficial to rapid collection and convenient to clean, and ensures the sanitation on the ship body.
Further, the blades are arranged into two groups, each group of blades are arranged into two disc-shaped structures which are arranged in a staggered mode, the two groups of blades are connected through two same shafts respectively, and the blades are arranged in a horizontal parallel mode in a certain space.
Furthermore, the circumference of each group of blades is oppositely provided with cutter teeth, the middle part of the blade coaxial with the cutter teeth is provided with a gear, and each group of blades are mutually meshed through the gears.
Furthermore, the middle part of the cutter tooth is provided with a U-shaped cutting edge along the rotation direction of the blade, and the U-shaped cutting edge protrudes out of the surface of the blade.
The two groups of blades are arranged to facilitate secondary cutting, so that the degree of fragmentation required by collection of enteromorpha is ensured, and the enteromorpha is cut uniformly; each group of blades are meshed through gears, the operation stability is high, the blades are not easy to shift, the connecting shaft on each group of blades is connected with the motors, the two motors are arranged to be positive and negative rotating motors, and the motors drive the connecting shafts to rotate clockwise and anticlockwise respectively, so that the blades are driven to rotate clockwise and clockwise in opposite directions, and enteromorpha fallen onto the blades is cut.
The special arrangement structure of the cutter teeth is quick in cutting, the U-shaped cutting edge on the surface of the cutter teeth is beneficial to secondary cutting of partial enteromorpha, the direction of rotation of the cutter teeth is the same as that of the blade, rotary auxiliary cutting is achieved, and the cutting fineness of the enteromorpha is guaranteed.
Further, the baffle is including setting up the curb plate and the square slab along curb plate bottom horizontal extension of gathering transmission device's transmission band both sides, and curb plate and square slab are connected and are formed "L" shape integral type structure.
Furthermore, a flow guide channel is arranged on the inner side of the square plate of the baffle, the flow guide channel is of a structure formed by reserving a gap between the two arc-shaped cover plates and the side wall of the square plate in a clamping mode, and the middle of the flow guide channel is narrow, and the two ends of the flow guide channel are wide.
The device of gathering together that the baffle formed plays limiting displacement to the waterside tongue, carries out preliminary extrusion with the waterside tongue simultaneously, makes the waterside tongue upwards convey the position of transmitting the comminution device from the bottom of conveyer belt along the passageway of gathering together that the baffle formed, because the inboard of baffle is provided with the arc apron, the narrow dumbbell type passageway that both ends are wide in the middle of its formation makes the waterside tongue form certain side pressure resistance at the in-process of upwards transmitting, compresses the moisture on the waterside tongue surface, guarantees the dry and comfortable nature of waterside tongue.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
the enteromorpha prolifera collecting device disclosed by the invention is mainly used for salvaging enteromorpha prolifera in offshore areas and bay areas, and is a device for collecting enteromorpha prolifera in offshore areas and bay areas in a continuous salvaging mode. By adopting the negative pressure adsorption principle and installing the negative pressure adsorption device, the enteromorpha can float on the conveying belt more easily, so that the salvage rate of the enteromorpha is improved, and secondary pollution of the enteromorpha to the bank is avoided.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a blade according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the cutter tooth of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the adjusting device and the negative pressure adsorption device of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an adjusting device according to the present invention.
Wherein, 1, a ship body; 2. a collecting and transmitting device; 3. a shredding device; 4. a gathering device; 5. a negative pressure adsorption device; 6. a hydraulic cylinder; 7. a blade; 8. a gear; 9. cutter teeth; 10. a U-shaped blade; 11. a support; 12. an adjustment device; 13. a nylon cord; 14. a bolt; 15. a shaft; 16. a T-shaped pin; 17. a spring.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the novel collection device for enteromorpha prolifera close to shore comprises a ship body 1, a collection transmission device 2, a chopping device 3, a gathering device 4, a negative pressure adsorption device 5 and a hydraulic cylinder 6, wherein the collection transmission device 2 is obliquely and upwardly arranged, the top end of the collection transmission device 2 is installed at the front end of the ship body 1 through a support shaft, the hydraulic cylinder 6 is installed between the collection transmission device 2 and the ship body 1, the gathering device 4 comprises two baffles which are respectively connected to two sides of the tail end of the collection transmission device 2 through connecting shafts, and the gathering angle and the gathering range are changed through the extension and retraction of the hydraulic cylinder 6; the middle lower part of the collection and transmission device 2 is provided with a negative pressure adsorption device 5, the negative pressure adsorption device 5 comprises a screw, a hydraulic motor and a support, the screw and the hydraulic motor are locked on a shaft 15 through a round clamping groove by a bolt 14, an adjusting device on the water surface below a transmission belt of the collection and transmission device 2 fixed by the screw is a mechanism for adjusting the angle of the negative pressure adsorption device, and after the angle of the collection and transmission device 2 is changed, the negative pressure adsorption device 5 arranged on the collection and transmission device 2 can enable the opening of the negative pressure adsorption device 5 to be always aligned with the water surface through the adjusting device. The adjusting device 12 is fixed on the bracket 11 through screws; shredding device 3 passes through the base and installs under gathering transmission device 2's top, and shredding device 3 comprises feed inlet, shredding chamber, discharge gate, blade 7, and feed inlet, discharge gate set up respectively at the upper end in shredding chamber, lower extreme, and blade 7 installs in the inside in shredding chamber.
As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the adjusting device 12 is composed of a shaft 15 with two ends slotted, a T-shaped pin 16, a spring 17, a nylon rope 13, a bearing and a shell, wherein the shell is sequentially installed at one end of the shaft 15, the T-shaped pin 16 is embedded in the shell through the bearing, and the nylon rope 13 is hung at the end part of the T-shaped pin 16.
The working process of the adjusting device 12 is as follows: when the angle of the collecting and conveying device 2 is changed, the angle of the negative pressure adsorption device 5 arranged on the collecting and conveying device 2 is changed. The T-shaped pin 16 can be separated from the clamping grooves of the shafts 15 with the grooves at the two ends by pulling the nylon rope 13, the propeller with the changed angle returns to the horizontal angle under the action of gravity, then the nylon rope 13 is loosened, and the T-shaped pin 16 automatically returns to the original position under the action of the spring 17 to be locked.
The negative pressure adsorption device 5 comprises a propeller and an adjusting device, and the specific working process of the enteromorpha prolifera collecting device is as follows: in the advancing process of the ship, the enteromorpha on the two sides of the bow is gathered towards the middle through the gathering device 4, one end of the hydraulic cylinder 6 is fixed at the front end of the ship body 1, and the other end of the hydraulic cylinder 6 is installed on a baffle of the gathering device 4. Pneumatic cylinder 6 drives two baffles of gathering together device 4 at flexible in-process and inwards compresses or outwards expands, and then the regulation and control gathers together angle and scope of gathering together device 4, and the impact resistance is strong, and it is convenient fast to adjust, and the practicality is strong. The hydraulic cylinder 6 enables the collecting and transmitting device 2 to swing up and down, so that the salvaging depth can be adjusted. When the salvage ship does not work in operation, the collecting and transmitting device 2 can be completely exposed out of the water surface, so that the advancing resistance of the ship can be reduced. The power on the transmission comes from the hydraulic motor. The propeller is fixed on the water surface below the transmission belt, then local water flow is generated through the propeller of the negative pressure adsorption device 5, the enteromorpha and the water flow are conveyed to the transmission belt, the enteromorpha in the water is adsorbed on the collection transmission device 2 and is transmitted to the ship body 1 through the transmission belt of the collection transmission device 2, and enteromorpha collection is completed. The enteromorpha which is fished up is sent into the chopping device 3 through the collecting and transmitting device 2, and the enteromorpha is smashed through the blades 7 of the chopping device 3. The inlet of the chopper device 3 is aligned with the tail end of the collecting conveyor belt, the outlet of the chopper is provided with a conveyor belt, the outlet of the conveyor belt is aligned with the front end of the conveyor belt, and the tail end of the conveyor belt is aligned with the inlet of the enteromorpha dewatering device. And collecting the minced enteromorpha from the discharge port end of the mincing device 3.
Example 2
In addition to embodiment 1, the shredder 3 is provided in a hollow cylindrical structure penetrating vertically as shown in fig. 2 and 3, unlike embodiment 1. The inner space of the chopping cavity is large, so that the enteromorpha to be chopped enters the chopping cavity along the feeding hole, and after the blade 7 is cut for the second time, the enteromorpha in a chip shape is discharged along the discharging hole at the bottom of the chopping cavity. Plays a role of a temporary storage cavity of enteromorpha, is beneficial to quick collection and convenient to clean, and ensures the sanitation on the ship body 1.
The blades 7 are arranged into two groups, each group of blades 7 is arranged into two disc-shaped structures which are arranged in a staggered mode, the two groups of blades 7 are connected through two same shafts respectively, and the blades are arranged in a horizontal parallel mode at intervals.
The cutter teeth 9 are arranged on the periphery of each group of blades 7 in an opposite mode, the middle of each blade 7 which is coaxial with the cutter teeth 9 is provided with a gear 8, and the blades 7 of each group are meshed with each other through the gears 8.
The middle part of the cutter teeth 9 is arranged into a U-shaped cutting edge 10 along the rotation direction of the blade 7, and the U-shaped cutting edge 10 is arranged to protrude out of the surface of the blade 7.
The two groups of blades 7 are arranged to facilitate secondary cutting, so that the degree of fragmentation required by collection of enteromorpha is ensured, and the enteromorpha is cut uniformly; each group of blades 7 is meshed through the gear 8, the operation stability is strong, the displacement is not easy, the connecting shaft on each group of blades 7 is connected with the motor, the two motors are arranged to be positive and negative rotating motors, and the motor drives the connecting shaft to rotate clockwise and anticlockwise respectively, so that the blades 7 are driven to rotate clockwise and clockwise in opposite directions, and enteromorpha dropped on the blades 7 is cut.
The special arrangement structure of the cutter teeth 9 is quick in cutting, the U-shaped cutting edge 10 on the surface of the cutter teeth is beneficial to secondary cutting of part of enteromorpha, the direction of rotation of the cutter teeth is the same as that of the blade 7, rotary auxiliary cutting is achieved, and the cutting fineness of the enteromorpha is guaranteed.
Example 3
On the basis of embodiment 1, unlike embodiment 1, the baffle plate includes side plates disposed on both sides of the conveying belt of the collecting and conveying device 2 and a square plate extending horizontally along the bottom end of the side plates, and the side plates and the square plate are connected to form an "L" -shaped integrated structure.
The inboard water conservancy diversion passageway that is provided with of square plate of baffle, water conservancy diversion passageway set up to reserve a space between two arc apron and the square plate lateral wall and press from both sides the structure of establishing and form, and the middle narrow both ends width of water conservancy diversion passageway.
The device 4 of gathering together that the baffle formed plays limiting displacement to the waterside tongue, carry out preliminary extrusion with the waterside tongue simultaneously, make the waterside tongue upwards convey the position of transmitting to comminution device 3 from the bottom of conveyer belt along the passageway of gathering together that the baffle formed, because the inboard of baffle is provided with the arc apron, the narrow dumbbell type passageway of both ends in the middle of its formation makes the waterside tongue form certain side pressure resistance at the in-process of upwards transmitting, compresses the moisture on the waterside tongue surface, guarantees the dry and comfortable nature of waterside tongue.
Of course, the present invention can have other various embodiments, and the following embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: various modifications may occur to those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and it is intended that all such modifications and variations be included within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims (6)

1. The novel near-shore enteromorpha collecting device is characterized by comprising a ship body, a collecting and transmitting device, a chopping device, a gathering device, a negative pressure adsorption device and a hydraulic cylinder, wherein the collecting and transmitting device is arranged in an inclined upward manner, the top end of the collecting and transmitting device is installed at the front end of the ship body through a support shaft, the hydraulic cylinder is installed between the collecting and transmitting device and the ship body, the gathering device comprises two baffles, the two baffles are respectively connected to the two sides of the tail end of the collecting and transmitting device through connecting shafts, and the gathering angle and range are changed through the expansion and contraction of the hydraulic cylinder; the middle lower part of the collecting and transmitting device is provided with a negative pressure adsorption device, the negative pressure adsorption device consists of a propeller, a hydraulic motor and a bracket, the propeller and the hydraulic motor are locked on a shaft through a round clamping groove by bolts, and the lower end of the propeller is arranged on the water surface below a transmission belt of the collecting and transmitting device; the cutting device is arranged right below the top end of the collecting and transmitting device through a base and comprises a feeding port, a cutting cavity, a discharging port and blades, the feeding port and the discharging port are respectively arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the cutting cavity, and the blades are arranged in the cutting cavity;
the adjusting device is fixed on the bracket through screws and consists of a shaft with grooves at two ends, a T-shaped pin, a spring, a nylon rope, a bearing and a shell, wherein the shell is sequentially arranged at one end of the shaft, the T-shaped pin is embedded in the shell through the bearing, and the nylon rope is hung at the end part of the T-shaped pin;
the T-shaped pin is separated from the clamping grooves of the shafts with the grooves at two ends by pulling the nylon rope, the propeller with the changed angle returns to the horizontal angle under the action of gravity, then the nylon rope is loosened, and the T-shaped pin automatically returns to the original position under the action of the spring to lock the shafts;
one end of the hydraulic cylinder is fixed at the front end of the ship body, and the other end of the hydraulic cylinder is arranged on a baffle plate of the gathering device; the shredding device is of a hollow cylindrical structure which is communicated up and down.
2. The novel collection device for enteromorpha prolifera close to shore according to claim 1, wherein the blades are arranged in two groups, each group of blades is arranged in two disc-shaped structures which are arranged in a staggered manner, the two groups of blades are respectively connected through two same shafts, and the blades are arranged in a horizontal parallel arrangement at a certain interval.
3. The novel near-shore enteromorpha collecting device according to claim 2, wherein the blades of each group are arranged in opposite directions around the circumference and are provided with cutter teeth, the middle parts of the blades coaxial with the cutter teeth are provided with gears, and the blades of each group are mutually meshed through the gears.
4. The novel collection device for enteromorpha nearshore as claimed in claim 3, wherein the middle part of the knife teeth is provided with a U-shaped blade along the rotation direction of the blade, and the U-shaped blade protrudes out of the surface of the blade.
5. The novel collection device for enteromorpha prolifera nearshore as claimed in claim 1, wherein the baffle comprises side plates arranged on two sides of the conveying belt of the collection and conveying device and a square plate horizontally extending along the bottom end of the side plates, and the side plates and the square plate are connected to form an L-shaped integrated structure.
6. The novel collection device for enteromorpha prolifera nearshore as claimed in claim 5, wherein a flow guide channel is arranged on the inner side of the square plate of the baffle, the flow guide channel is of a structure formed by clamping two arc-shaped cover plates and the side wall of the square plate with a gap reserved therebetween, and the flow guide channel is narrow in the middle and wide in two ends.
CN201710431440.6A 2017-06-09 2017-06-09 Novel collection of nearly bank waterside tongue device Active CN107119646B (en)

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CN110792073A (en) * 2019-11-11 2020-02-14 自然资源部第一海洋研究所 Continuous collection and fishing device for enteromorpha
CN112973256B (en) * 2021-04-25 2022-09-27 吉林省拓维环保集团股份有限公司 Ecological soil sewage treatment plant
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