CN107118226A - 赖氨酸修饰的苝酰亚胺功能化金纳米颗粒溶液的制备方法及其应用 - Google Patents
赖氨酸修饰的苝酰亚胺功能化金纳米颗粒溶液的制备方法及其应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
赖氨酸修饰的苝酰亚胺功能化金纳米颗粒溶液的制备方法及其应用,属于环保和纳米材料制备技术领域。将pH为10的赖氨酸修饰的苝酰亚胺水溶液、氯金酸水溶液和硼氢化钠水溶液混合搅拌反应,制得赖氨酸修饰的苝二酰亚胺功能化金纳米颗粒溶液。方法简单,使用方便,对Pb2+离子有着良好的响应性,检测限低,故可作为定性检测Pb2+离子的新型可视化检测试剂。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于环保技术领域,也属于纳米材料制备技术领域。
背景技术
随着工业的发展,环境污染成了当前社会亟待解决的问题。常见的污染有大气污染、土壤污染和水源污染。污染物主要以工业废弃物污染、生活垃圾污染,以及矿物开采污染。在这些污染物中,重金属污染占用很大比重,尤其在矿物开采过程中。而重金属因其无法被降解,且容易在生物体内积聚,而间接威胁人类的生存环境。因此对重金属及其化合物的检测成为预防重金属污染的重要手段。
常规的重金属离子检测方法有原子吸收光谱法、原子发射光谱法、分光光度法、溶出伏安法、极谱法。但这些方法耗时且操作繁琐,不利于重金属离子的快速检测。
而近期,一些以贵金属纳米颗粒及荧光性分子作为可视化检测试剂检测重金属离子的方法引起了广泛的关注,这类方法相比传统的检测手段更加方便快捷,通过简单的肉眼观察即可定性地检测重金属离子。
发明内容
本发明的第一目的是提出可用于定性检测Pb2+离子的赖氨酸修饰的苝酰亚胺功能化金纳米颗粒溶液的制备方法。
本发明的技术方案是:将pH为10的赖氨酸修饰的苝酰亚胺水溶液、氯金酸水溶液和硼氢化钠水溶液混合搅拌反应,制得pH为10的赖氨酸修饰的苝二酰亚胺功能化金纳米颗粒溶液(LPL-AuNPs)。
本发明原料之一——赖氨酸修饰的苝酰亚胺,简称LPL,分子结构式如下:
其公布于《材料化学杂志》( Journal of Material Chemistry ) ,发表于2011年12月5日,标题《Self-assembled monolayer and multilayer films based on L-lysinefunctionalized perylene bisimide》。
本发明制备方法简单,使用方便,对Pb2+离子有着良好的响应性,检测限低。由于赖氨酸修饰的苝二酰亚胺功能化金纳米颗粒本身呈酒红色,而当遇有Pb2+离子时,其颜色则立即变深,另外,随着Pb2+离子浓度的加大,其色泽俞深,故可作为定性检测Pb2+离子的新型可视化检测试剂。
进一步地,本发明所述赖氨酸修饰的苝酰亚胺水溶液中赖氨酸修饰的苝酰亚胺、氯金酸水溶液中氯金酸和硼氢化钠水溶液中硼氢化钠的混合摩尔比为1∶25∶100。在此摩尔比条件下,既保证了金纳米颗粒的有着良好的稳定性,同时也保证了纳米粒子的大小均一。
所述硼氢化钠水溶液浓度为0.1M。此浓度方便制备,利于后续反应。
所述赖氨酸修饰的苝酰亚胺水溶液的浓度为10μM,在此浓度下可以恰好的保护金纳米颗粒,同时也避免了因修饰剂分子过多而导致灵敏度下降。
另外,本发明先将赖氨酸修饰的苝酰亚胺水溶液、氯金酸水溶液混合搅拌5min,使得赖氨酸修饰的苝酰亚胺与氯金酸充分混匀,再加入硼氢化钠水溶液,再搅拌1min,硼氢化钠与氯金酸反应完全,得到赖氨酸修饰的苝酰亚胺功能化金纳米颗粒。
反应的环境温度为20℃~30℃。此温度为常温温度,避免了加热这一步骤,同时能很好地控制硼氢化钠与氯金酸的反应速度,使得制备的金纳米颗粒大小更均一。
本发明第二目的是提出采用以上方法制成的pH为10的赖氨酸修饰的苝酰亚胺功能化金纳米颗粒溶液用于定性检测重金属离子的应用方法。
将pH为10的赖氨酸修饰的苝酰亚胺功能化金纳米颗粒溶液和待测溶液混合,混合后液体色泽变深,则待测溶液中含有Pb2+离子。
本发明检测方法简单、直观。赖氨酸修饰的苝酰亚胺功能化金纳米颗粒对Pb2+的识别机理在于功能化试剂赖氨酸修饰的苝酰亚胺与Pb2+络合,使得纳米金离子发生聚集,进而导致纳米金溶液颜色发生变化。对Pb2+的最低检测浓度为3μM。
附图说明
图1为pH=10时制备的LPL-AuNPs溶液及UV-vis光谱图。
图2至7分别为LPL-AuNPs中加入20μM、15μM、10μM、5μM、4μM、3μM不同浓度的Pb2+之后的TEM照片。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白,以下结合实施例对本发明进行详细地说明。
一、制备赖氨酸修饰的苝酰亚胺功能化金纳米颗粒溶液:
移取16mL、pH=10的赖氨酸修饰的苝酰亚胺(LPL)水溶液(10μM),加入0.025M氯金酸水溶液0.16mL,搅拌5min,再加入0.10M硼氢化钠水溶液0.16mL,搅拌15min得到酒红色的LPL-AuNPs。
对得到的LPL-AuNPs测试其pH值,结果为10。
将得到的LPL-AuNPs采用紫外可见光谱仪检测,得到如图1所示的UV-vis光谱图。
由图1可见金纳米溶胶的SPR吸收峰在530nm处,与已有的文献报道一致。这证明了LPL-AuNPs的成功制备。
二、pH=10的赖氨酸修饰的苝酰亚胺功能化金纳米颗粒溶液对不同金属离子的检测试验:
向制备好的pH=10的LP-AuNPs中加入分别加入Pb2+、Cr2O7 2-、Mn2+、Ba2+、Ca2+、Zn2+、K+、Na+溶液,并使金属离子最终浓度为3μM,观察LPL-AuNPs溶液的颜色变化。
可见:在Cr2O7 2-、Mn2+、Ba2+、Ca2+、Zn2+、K+、Na+溶液中溶液颜色没有发生变化。而在Pb2+溶液中溶液颜色变深。
总结:pH=10的赖氨酸修饰的苝酰亚胺功能化金纳米颗粒溶液可以用于对Pb2+的定量测试。
三、pH=10的赖氨酸修饰的苝酰亚胺功能化金纳米颗粒水溶液对浓度的Pb2+离子的检测:
向制备好的LPL-AuNPs溶液中分别加入浓度为20μM、15μM、10μM、5μM、4μM、3μM、2μM、1μM、500nM的Pb2+溶液,观察LPL-AuNPs观察溶液颜色的变化。
可见:在浓度为20μM、15μM、10μM、5μM、4μM、3μM的Pb2+-LPL-AuNPs溶液的颜色都发生了不同的变化,而且,Pb2+浓度越大,颜色越深。
同时浓度为2μM、1μM、500nM的Pb2+溶液的颜色几乎没有发生变化。
图2至7是LPL-AuNPs中加入不同浓度(20μM、15μM、10μM、5μM、4μM、3μM)Pb2+后所作的TEM图。可以看出在加入Pb2+之后,LPL-AuNPs发生了明显的聚集,并且Pb2+的浓度越高,LPL-AuNPs聚集的越明显。这证明了AuNPs对Pb2+的响应作用。
总结:pH=10的赖氨酸修饰的苝酰亚胺功能化金纳米颗粒水溶液对Pb2+的最低检测浓度为3μM。
结束语:本发明操作过程简单,使用方便,对水体系中Pb2+有着很好的定性识别作用。
Claims (8)
1.赖氨酸修饰的苝酰亚胺功能化金纳米颗粒溶液的制备方法,其特征在于:将pH为10的赖氨酸修饰的苝酰亚胺水溶液、氯金酸水溶液和硼氢化钠水溶液混合搅拌反应,制得pH为10的赖氨酸修饰的苝二酰亚胺功能化金纳米颗粒溶液。
2.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于:所述赖氨酸修饰的苝酰亚胺水溶液中赖氨酸修饰的苝酰亚胺、氯金酸水溶液中氯金酸和硼氢化钠水溶液中硼氢化钠的混合摩尔比为1∶25∶100。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述制备方法,其特征在于所述氯金酸水溶液浓度为0. 025M 。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述制备方法,其特征在于所述硼氢化钠水溶液浓度为0.1M。
5.根据权利要求1或2所述制备方法,其特征在于所述赖氨酸修饰的苝酰亚胺水溶液的浓度为10μM。
6.根据权利要求1或2所述制备方法,其特征在于先将赖氨酸修饰的苝酰亚胺水溶液、氯金酸水溶液混合搅拌5min后,再加入硼氢化钠水溶液,再搅拌1min。
7.根据权利要求1所述制备方法,其特征在于反应的环境温度为20℃~30℃。
8.如权利要求1方法制备的赖氨酸修饰的苝酰亚胺功能化金纳米颗粒溶液的应用,将pH为10的赖氨酸修饰的苝酰亚胺功能化金纳米颗粒溶液和待测溶液混合,混合后液体色泽变深,则待测溶液中含有Pb2+离子。
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