CN107116086A - A kind of building waste recovery system - Google Patents

A kind of building waste recovery system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107116086A
CN107116086A CN201710240081.6A CN201710240081A CN107116086A CN 107116086 A CN107116086 A CN 107116086A CN 201710240081 A CN201710240081 A CN 201710240081A CN 107116086 A CN107116086 A CN 107116086A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
squeezing
screening
magnetic separation
screen box
building waste
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CN201710240081.6A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN107116086B (en
Inventor
崔巍
李强
张宝哲
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Zhejiang College of Construction
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Zhejiang College of Construction
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Filing date
Publication date
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Priority to CN201710240081.6A priority Critical patent/CN107116086B/en
Publication of CN107116086A publication Critical patent/CN107116086A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN107116086B publication Critical patent/CN107116086B/en
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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09BDISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE
    • B09B3/00Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03CMAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C1/00Magnetic separation
    • B03C1/02Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated
    • B03C1/16Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated with material carriers in the form of belts
    • B03C1/18Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated with material carriers in the form of belts with magnets moving during operation
    • B03C1/20Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated with material carriers in the form of belts with magnets moving during operation in the form of belts, e.g. cross-belt type
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03CMAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C1/00Magnetic separation
    • B03C1/02Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated
    • B03C1/30Combinations with other devices, not otherwise provided for
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07BSEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B1/00Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
    • B07B1/18Drum screens
    • B07B1/22Revolving drums
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07BSEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B1/00Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
    • B07B1/46Constructional details of screens in general; Cleaning or heating of screens
    • B07B1/4609Constructional details of screens in general; Cleaning or heating of screens constructional details of screening surfaces or meshes
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09BDISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE
    • B09B5/00Operations not covered by a single other subclass or by a single other group in this subclass
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/58Construction or demolition [C&D] waste

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of building waste recovery system, including for the screening plant that material is passed sequentially through, concentration equipment, flotation unit and pressing device, by optimizing each step corresponding intrument, realize energy-conserving and environment-protective, the recovery operation of stability and high efficiency.Wherein screening plant sieves major diameter material first by increasing pre- screen drum, extends the screen box life-span;Concentration equipment protects magnetic separation conveyer belt by keeping off press mechanism and the smooth material of mechanism for monitoring;Flotation unit realizes recycling for flotation water by water process sub-device;Pressing device reduces squeezing solid accumulation, improves operating efficiency by optimizing squeezing storehouse shape and mode of operation.Building waste recovery system energy-conserving and environment-protective proposed by the present invention, can continue efficiently to carry out recovery operation, and secondary utilize is carried out to resource.

Description

A kind of building waste recovery system
Technical field
The present invention relates to building waste recycling field, more particularly to a kind of building waste recovery system.
Background technology
With industrialization, the acceleration of urbanization process, construction industry is also simultaneously fast-developing, the building waste produced together Increasing, the quantity of Chinese architecture rubbish has accounted for more than the 1/3 of municipal refuse total amount.Specific building waste refers to build If, unit in charge of construction or it is personal all kinds of buildings, structures etc. are built, removed, are repaired and resident's decorative house during Produced remaining mud, recrement, mud and other discarded objects.According to origin classification, building waste can be divided into soil excavation, road and open Dig, old building is removed, construction and the class of production of construction materials rubbish five, mainly by dregs, crushed stone, waste mortar, brick and tile fragment, Concrete block, asphalt blocks, waste plastics, old metal material, useless bamboo wood etc. are constituted.
Many discarded objects in building waste are sorted, reject or crush after, mostly can be again sharp as regenerated resources With such as:The metals such as steel scrap muscle, waste iron wire, waste electric wire and various steel scrap accessories, can for sand, for masonry mortar, motar, Concrete cushion etc. is beaten, can be also used for making the building materials such as building block, Paving brickses, lattice brick.
In the recycling to building waste, generally require by broken, sieve, sieve, the flow such as wet concentration will be mixed Building waste together is divided into relatively pure single material.
It is sharp again that such as Publication No. CN106145731A Chinese patent literature discloses a kind of and building waste recovery With method, comprise the following steps:(1) by the waste concrete in building waste, barren rock material, waste ceramic, useless sintered brick and tile and sand-lime Brick etc. is sorted by species, and granularity 00mm is crushed to respectively;(2) material after crushing is sieved, by the metal of smallclothes Class material is selected, and the cleaning that added water in material, flotation sort out wood chip and working of plastics smallclothes;(3) after to screening and flotation Material be crushed to granularity respectively less than 60mm through machinery again, available regeneration stone material is formed, for roadbed laying;(4) The material after further crushing can be also ground to less than 5mm, form recycled fine aggregate, cement is made after conventional treatment.
Specifically in each operating procedure, also there are problems that material waste or operation.
For example in magnetic concentration working, the material of material transportation band transport mixing is by magnetic separation conveyer belt, by being arranged on magnetic Select the strong electromagnet in conveyer belt that metal material can be adsorbed to magnetic separation conveyer belt.As magnetic separation conveyer belt is operated metal When transport of materials is to non-strong electromagnet region, the pulling force that metal material loses magnetic force offer falls under gravity into magnetic separation sieve Separate in hopper, complete magnetic separation.But before the material of mixing enters magnetic separation conveyer belt, the material of mixing may nothing in a jumble Spacing between chapter, even above magnetic separation conveyer belt and material transportation band, so that wear and tear magnetic separation conveyer belt and material transportation band, very To the conveyer belt operation of retardance material, magnetic concentration working is influenceed.
For example in flotation operation, light material and heavier feeds can be distinguished by the buoyancy of water body.Wherein lightweight Material half is bulky foam material, by that can absorb larger moisture toward contact after wet concentration.Therefore needed in recycling The material block more compacted is squeezed into by squeezing process.But squeezer of the prior art can usually be deposited in squeezing storehouse At many dead angles, meeting stacking material during operation is squeezed.Therefore it is frequently necessary to artificial dredging.And flotation water is followed Ring is utilized also has problem always.Mix organic and inorganic impurity in flotation water, it is necessary to which multi task process could meet circulation Using requiring.
For example in screening operation, the lump material of mixing enters screen box, and the nearly rotation for crossing screen box throws away material centrifugation. According to the size of the sieve aperture on the side wall of screen box, the material of different-diameter size can be screened out.But in order to which screening operation is needed To be handled successively greatly from small beat, this allows for the maximum material of diameter will operate maximum duration in screen box.Operated in screen box During, material can collide with the side wall of screen box, have a strong impact on the service life and precision of screen box.
The content of the invention
In view of the deficienciess of the prior art, the invention provides a kind of energy-conserving and environment-protective, various disadvantages can be overcome, improve The building waste recovery system of organic efficiency.
The technical scheme is that:
A kind of building waste recovery system, breaker, for building waste coarse fodder to be broken for into fines;
Concentration equipment, for the fines magnetic separation removal;
Flotation unit, for carrying out flotation to the fines after magnetic separation removal, and obtains light material and heavy material;
Screening plant, for being sieved according to granular size to the heavy material;
Pressing device, for being squeezed to the light material;
The screening plant include screening pedestal, be rotatably installed in it is described screening pedestal on horizontal screen box and with institute The drive device of screen box linkage is stated, the screen box is tubular structure, one end is screening feeding mouth in the axial direction, the other end is screening Discharging opening, screen box is divided into multiple screening sections by screening feeding mouth to discharging opening is sieved, and the screen-aperture of each screening section is incremented by, Pre- screen drum is provided with the screen box, the screening plant is provided with feed pipe;
The pre- screen drum includes the pre-sifted section being connected with each other and export section;
Pre-sifted section is one side closed towards the screening discharging opening of screen box, opened towards the screening feeding mouth side of screen box and Docked with export section, the perisporium of pre-sifted section is more than the screen-aperture of all screening sections, the feed pipe provided with pre- sieve aperture and aperture Stretch into pre-sifted section;
Described export section one end is docked with pre-sifted section, the screening discharging opening edge seal connection of the other end and screen box;
The concentration equipment includes magnetic separation pedestal, the material conveyor belt being arranged on the magnetic separation pedestal and magnetic separation transmission Band, the magnetic separation conveyer belt is arranged on the material conveyor belt top and arranged in a crossed manner with the material conveyor belt, is passed in material On defeated direction, the gear press mechanism positioned at magnetic separation conveyer belt upstream is additionally provided with;
The gear press mechanism includes:
Press frame is kept off, the material conveyor belt both sides is arranged at and is fixed on the magnetic separation pedestal;
Keep off casting die, be arranged on the gear press frame, gear casting die towards the side of conveyer belt be for by material to described The working face that material conveyor belt is pressed against.
The maximum material of diameter pan feeding direction reverse first can be exported by the screen box by pre- screen drum, so as to reduce big Motion of the diameter material in screen box, screen box is protected while improving screening efficiency;Meanwhile, by keeping off casting die by material conveyor belt On material compression and preliminary smooth, material can be prevented effectively from and interfered with magnetic separation conveyer belt, forming apparatus is swept unnecessary Abrasion and destruction.Gear press mechanism protects magnetic separation conveyer belt while can improving efficiency of magnetic separation.Both combine and can effectively carried The bulk life time and stability of high building garbage retrieving system.
Further, the flotation unit includes floation tank and the water process sub-device matched with floation tank, described Water process sub-device includes the multiple processing units arranged successively, and each processing unit includes settling tank and biochemistry pool, each In processing unit, the periphery of the biochemistry pool is interior ring dike, and the settling tank is for annular and around the home in the interior ring dike Periphery, outer ring dike is provided with the periphery of the settling tank;
The floation tank has many sets, and often set is equipped with drainpipe and feed pipe, and all drainpipes and feed pipe converge respectively Gather to main sewer and water main;
The branch drain connected with each settling tank is additionally provided with the main sewer, each settling tank is also supplied water by respective Branch pipe is communicated to the water main;
Provided with the water inlet pipe intake from settling tank to biochemistry pool between settling tank and biochemistry pool in same processing unit;Respectively Biochemistry pool in processing unit is communicated to the water main by respective outlet pipe;
Landscape pavilion is additionally provided with, landscape pavilion includes many pillars being arranged on interior ring dike and is erected on all pillars Ceiling, the outer peripheral edge of the ceiling extends to the top of outer ring dike.
Settling tank and biochemistry pool are designed to while inorganic and organic contamination water quality is handled, so as to realize that water body is followed Ring.The actual use function and landscape function that are designed to realize water process sub-device of landscape pavilion, realize water process and ring The multi-level needs protected.
Further, the pressing device include squeezing pedestal and be fixed on it is described squeezing pedestal on squeezing storehouse and To the squeezing storehouse connect feed screw, squeezing storehouse both sides be respectively squeezing discharging opening and with the feed screw The squeezing charging aperture of connection and squeeze the inner space in storehouse and gradually contracted from the squeezing charging aperture to the squeezing discharging opening direction It is small;
The pressing device also includes the enclosed mechanism for being used to squeeze discharging opening described in opening and closing of fault, the enclosed mechanism Including:
Hush panel, is provided with the sealed end coordinated with the squeezing discharging opening;
Drive cylinder, links and drives with the hush panel and squeeze discharging opening described in its opening and closing of fault;
Controller, senses the pressure in the squeezing storehouse and controls the drive cylinder accordingly.
The inner space in storehouse is squeezed from the squeezing charging aperture to the squeezing diminishing design shape in discharging opening direction Into the squeezing storehouse of a toroidal.Therefore the formation pressure that the propulsion with material in squeezing storehouse just can be spontaneous, compared to it For his shape, can effectively reduce because the solid accumulation that brings of dead angle there is provided Milling Efficiencty.
Further, the pre-sifted section of the screening plant for truncated cone-shaped and microcephaly side towards screen box screening discharging opening one The side wall of side, the cone element of truncated cone-shaped and the screen box constitutes pre-sifted angle, and the pre-sifted angle is 5~30 degree.
The acting as of pre-sifted section allows minor diameter material to enter and screen box and come out major diameter material screening.Pre-sifted angle is 5 Major diameter material also can be effective and rapid to export while~30 degree of scope ensure that minor diameter material well into screen box Duan Yundong.
Further, the export section of the screening plant is truncated cone-shaped and microcephaly side is docked with pre-sifted section, truncated cone-shaped The side wall of cone element and the screen box constitutes export angle, and the export angle is 30~60 degree.
The major diameter material that act as of export section exports screen box.Export angle for 30~60 degree be designed to guarantee major diameter The smooth export of material and the collision for reducing material, improve the stability of equipment.
Further, the gear casting die of the concentration equipment is to be fixed on the pressing plate above the material conveyor belt, the pressure Spacing between the working face and material conveyor belt of plate is gradually reduced along the material conveyor belt traffic direction;The gear press mechanism Also include between the adjuster being arranged on the gear press frame, the working face and material conveyor belt for adjusting the pressing plate Spacing.
Spacing be gradually reduced be advantageous in that can be with material conveyor belt the spontaneous compression of motion and leveling material.No Increase actuating mechanism make it that device overall compact is simple.Isochronous governor be designed to cause pressing plate according to different material feelings Condition regulation height, has heightened adaptability of the concentration equipment to different material.
Further, the concentration equipment is additionally provided with mechanism for monitoring on material transferring direction, and the mechanism for monitoring is located at It is described gear press mechanism and magnetic separation conveyer belt between and including:
Frame is monitored, the material conveyor belt both sides is arranged at and is fixed on the magnetic separation pedestal;
Detecting plate, is slidably arranged in the monitoring frame, and detecting plate is upwarped in face of the side of material direction of transfer;
Inductive switch, in monitoring frame, rises when the detecting plate is by material push and block and triggers the sensing and open Close;
Return springs, to prevent the detecting plate from rising in monitoring frame.
Mechanism for monitoring can prevent some elastomeric materials from entering magnetic separation conveyer belt by keeping off recovery deformation after press mechanism again, from And ensure magnetic concentration working and carry out in order.
Further, the main sewer of the flotation unit, water main, branch drain, water supply branch pipe, water inlet pipe and Water pump and control valve are respectively equipped with outlet pipe.By each pipeline of independent control and control valve, the spirit of system work can be realized Control living, improves the adaptability of water process sub-device.
Further, the biochemistry pool of the flotation unit is rectangle, and the interior ring dike, settling tank and outer ring dike are Straight-flanked ring.The convenience that is designed to of straight-flanked ring is built, and production cost is reduced while improving water treatmenting performance.
Further, the squeezing storehouse of the pressing device is area less one in frustum or prismatic table shape and upper following table Side is the squeezing discharging opening, and the squeezing charging aperture side larger with area in upper following table is connected.Squeeze the inside in storehouse Space is frustum or prismatic table shape, that is, represents the inner space in squeezing storehouse in the upper continuous spigot surface of material direction of advance, no Easily there is solid accumulation somewhere dead angle.
The present invention has advantages below:
The maximum material of diameter pan feeding direction reverse first can be exported by the screen box by pre- screen drum, so as to reduce big Motion of the diameter material in screen box, screen box is protected while improving screening efficiency;Magnetic separation conveyer belt is protected by keeping off casting die, from And the stability of system motion is substantially increased, in the extension device life-span, reduce maintenance cost, reduction production power consumption.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the present embodiment building waste recovery system schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is concentration equipment front view;
Fig. 3 be Fig. 2 in concentration equipment side view;
Fig. 4 is water process sub-device schematic diagram;
Fig. 5 is the side schematic view of Fig. 4 sewerage disposing sub-devices;
Fig. 6 is screening plant schematic diagram;
Fig. 7 is pressing device schematic diagram.
Embodiment
Illustrate the specific embodiment of the invention below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the present embodiment building waste recovery system schematic diagram.As described in Figure 1, material initially enters breaker, breaks In the presence of crushing device, material becomes fines;Subsequent fines is by concentration equipment, in the presence of magnetic force, the metal in fines Impurity is separated independent recycling.Flotation unit can be entered by the removal of impurities fines of magnetic separation, divided in the presence of buoyancy From for light material and heavy material.Light material squeezes into material block into pressing device and facilitates stacking and storage;Heavy material enters sieve Separating device is sieved into the component of different-diameter, and convenient classification is recycled.
The detailed construction and the course of work of specific each device are described as follows according to material treatment process:
Material initially enters breaker, and breaker needs to meet the work(that the lump material of mixing is broken into fines Can, it can specifically use the Chinese patent literature of feasible program of the prior art, such as Publication No. CN201855717U A kind of construction waste crushing device of middle proposition.Enter concentration equipment after the lump material of mixing is broken into fines.
Fig. 2 is concentration equipment front view;Fig. 3 be Fig. 2 in concentration equipment side view.As shown in figures 2-3, magnetic separation is filled Put including magnetic separation pedestal 200, be arranged on material conveyor belt 210 and magnetic separation conveyer belt 220 on the magnetic separation pedestal 200, it is described Magnetic separation conveyer belt 220 is arranged on the top of material conveyor belt 210 and arranged in a crossed manner with the material conveyor belt 210, in material In transmission direction, the gear press mechanism 230 positioned at the upstream of magnetic separation conveyer belt 220 is additionally provided with.Wherein, the material conveyor belt of concentration equipment Material on 21 is the fines of breaker formation in broken process.
Specifically, the gear press mechanism 230 includes:
Press frame 231 is kept off, the both sides of material conveyor belt 210 is arranged at and is fixed on the magnetic separation pedestal 200;
Keep off casting die 232, be arranged on the gear press frame 231, gear casting die 232 towards the side of conveyer belt be for by thing Expect the working face being pressed against to the material conveyor belt 210;
Adjuster 233, is arranged on the gear press frame 231 and the working face for adjusting the pressing plate is transmitted with material With the spacing between 210.
Magnetic separation conveyer belt 220 includes:
Band body 221 is conveyed, is arranged on by height-adjustable installing arm 224 on magnetic separation pedestal 200;
Magnet 222, in conveying band body 221;
Magnetic separation discharge bucket 225, on magnetic separation pedestal 200 and for accepting the material on conveying band body 221.
The gear press frame 231 is arranged for interval in the column of the both sides of material conveyor belt 210, the gear casting die 232 Between the column of both sides.Further, the gear press frame 231, which includes dividing, is listed in many of the both sides of material conveyor belt 210 Root post, in this programme, the column of the homonymy of material conveyor belt 210 has three, and the pressing plate is can deformation structure, the work of pressing plate Make face by the deformation regulation of pressing plate with the spacing of material conveyor belt 210 to change.The song of change can be fixed by three root posts Face, so as to realize the multi-stage compression to material.
The gear casting die 232 is the pressing plate for being fixed on the top of material conveyor belt 210, the working face and thing of the pressing plate Spacing between material conveyer belt 210 is gradually reduced along the traffic direction of material conveyor belt 210.In this programme, pressing plate such as Fig. 2 In be divided into segmental arc 235 and straightway 236 away from magnetic separation conveyer belt 220.Segmental arc 235 is, for single treatment material, to incite somebody to action Raised material compression is smooth.Straightway 236 is used to further arrange material and material is maintained at into compressive state to consolidate pressure Contracting effect.
The adjuster 233 is the bar hole being arranged on the gear press frame 231, and the lateral margin of the pressing plate, which is provided with, to be stretched into The guide pillar 234 of bar hole, the guide pillar 234 is positioned on gear press frame 231 by fastener (not shown).Pressing plate can be in bar shaped Freely adjusted as needed in hole, different compressed material effects can be realized after locking.It is simple in construction, economy and durability.
On material transferring direction, concentration equipment includes the monitoring being located between gear press mechanism 230 and magnetic separation conveyer belt 220 Mechanism 240, the mechanism for monitoring 240 includes:
Frame 241 is monitored, the both sides of material conveyor belt 210 is arranged at and is fixed on the magnetic separation pedestal 200;
Detecting plate 242, is slidably arranged in the monitoring frame 241, and detecting plate 242 is in face of material direction of transfer Side is upwarped;
Inductive switch 245, in monitoring frame 241, rises when the detecting plate 242 is by material push and block and triggers institute State inductive switch 245;
Return springs 247, to prevent the detecting plate 242 from rising in monitoring frame 241.
The monitoring frame 241 includes being located at the column of the both sides of material conveyor belt 210 and is crossed between two heel posts Crossbeam 243, crossbeam 243 is provided with pilot hole (not shown), and the top surface of the detecting plate 242 is provided with penetrating the pilot hole Guide rod 246, the top of guide rod 246 is through to the top of crossbeam 243 and provided with the anti-fall part 244 offseted with the top surface of crossbeam 243.
The inductive switch 245 is arranged on the running control circuit of material conveyor belt 210 (not shown), for closure Expect the operation of conveyer belt 210.Inductive switch 245, which is arranged on running control circuit, ensure that superelevation material will not enter magnetic separation The region of conveyer belt 220, so as to realize mechanical protection.
The return springs 247 are the helical compression spring being set on guide rod 246, the two ends difference of the helical compression spring Offseted with the detecting plate 242 and crossbeam 243.
Warning circuit (not shown) is additionally provided with, the warning circuit is controlled to open by the inductive switch 245.Warning circuit Can two pipe protection magnetic separation conveyer belts 220 will not be too high material interference, point out manually intervened, reduce superelevation material to magnetic It is elected to be the influence of industry.
Concentration equipment scheme disclosed in the present invention is by keeping off casting die 232 by the material compression on material conveyor belt 210 simultaneously And it is preliminary smooth, superelevation material can be prevented effectively from and interfered with magnetic separation conveyer belt 220, sweep the unnecessary abrasion of forming apparatus with Destruction.Gear press mechanism 230 can improve the operating efficiency of magnetic concentration working, extension fixture life-span.Protected by the road of mechanism for monitoring 240 2 Shield, it is to avoid elastomeric material resilience after gear press mechanism 230 is impacted to magnetic separation conveyer belt 220.While mechanism for monitoring 240 Can as other equipment signal source.The warning circuit mentioned in scheme is for example disclosed, for example, can be adjusted according to height of materials Adaptive magnetic separation conveyer belt 220 of section etc..
When fines is separated into the removal of impurities fines stayed on material conveyor belt after concentration equipment and enters magnetic separation discharging The metal impurities of bucket 225, metal impurities carry out after-treatment after uniformly being reclaimed and leave recovery system.Stay on material conveyor belt Removal of impurities fines go successively to flotation unit.Flotation unit needs to meet the function of separating light material and heavy material, specific floating Feasible program of the prior art can be used by being elected to be industry, such as is carried in Publication No. CN201308858 Chinese patent literature The kitchen garbage flotation collecting device gone out, the circular treatment for focusing on flotation water of the invention.
Fig. 4 is water process sub-device schematic diagram;Fig. 5 is the side schematic view of Fig. 4 sewerage disposing sub-devices;Such as Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 Shown, water process sub-device includes two processing units 320 arranged successively, respectively at first processing units 321 and second Unit 322 is managed, two processing units 320 are intermittently starting, such as only when the full load of first processing units 321 can just open the Two processing units 322, vice versa.
Each processing unit 320 includes in settling tank 324 and biochemistry pool 326, each processing unit 320, the biochemistry Floating has biological floating bed 354 in pond 326 and periphery is interior ring dike 325, and the settling tank 324 is for annular and around the home described interior The periphery of ring dike 325, outer ring dike 323 is provided with the periphery of the settling tank 324;As shown in figure 4, biochemistry pool 326 is Rectangle, the interior ring dike 325, settling tank 324 and outer ring dike 323 are straight-flanked ring.
The flotation unit 310 of the sewage source of processing unit 320 and the building waste, finally will also return to flotation unit 310.As shown in figure 4, flotation unit 310 has four sets, and respectively the first flotation unit 311, the second flotation unit 312, the 3rd floats The flotation unit 314 of screening device 313 and the 4th.Often set flotation unit 310 is equipped with corresponding first drainpipe 341, second row Water pipe 342, the 3rd drainpipe 343 and the 4th drainpipe 344.Often set flotation unit 310 is also equipped with corresponding first and supplied water Pipe 331, the second feed pipe 332, the 3rd feed pipe 333 and the 4th feed pipe 334.All drainpipes and feed pipe are converged respectively To main sewer 340 and water main 330;
It is additionally provided with the main sewer 340 in the branch drain connected with each settling tank 324, Fig. 4 and is provided with two, respectively For the first branch drain 345 and the second branch drain 346.Each settling tank 324 is also communicated to institute by respective water supply branch pipe 329 State water main 330.
It is provided between settling tank 324 and biochemistry pool 326 in same processing unit 320 from settling tank 324 to biochemistry pool 326 The water inlet pipe 327 of water inlet;Biochemistry pool 326 in each processing unit 320 is communicated to described supply water always by respective outlet pipe 328 Pipe 330;Wherein described water inlet pipe 327 is located on the interior ring dike 325
In specific setting, further, the main sewer 340, water main 330, each branch drain, each branch that supplies water Water pump (not shown) and control valve (non-label) are respectively equipped with pipe, each water inlet pipe and each outlet pipe.
As shown in figure 5, the water process sub-device is additionally provided with landscape pavilion 350, landscape pavilion 350 includes being arranged on interior ring dike Upper 325 many pillars 351 and the ceiling 352 being erected on all pillars 351, the outer peripheral edge of the ceiling 352 is extended to The top of outer ring dike 323.In specific implementation, in order to prevent outside the influence inside outer bound pair processing unit 320, ceiling 352 Processing unit 320 can be completely covered as shown in Figure 5 for periphery.
In order to improve the utilization rate of the energy, the ceiling 352 is provided with solar panel 353, the solar panel 352 are powered by each water pump of the circuit into the water process sub-device and control valve.The processing unit 320 is buried simultaneously Provided with the guardrail (not shown) for surrounding the processing unit 320 between underground, the pillar 351 of the landscape pavilion 350.
Water process sub-device technical scheme disclosed in the present embodiment can handle a variety of sewage by processing unit 320, The energy consumption that is designed to reduction water process nested with biochemistry pool 326 of settling tank 324;Landscape pavilion 350 and biological floating bed 354 can Improve surrounding enviroment during sewage disposal is completed.
Removal of impurities fines is divided into light material and heavy material after flotation unit, and squeezing dress will be entered after light material is salvaged Put, heavy material will enter screening plant.
Fig. 6 is screening plant schematic diagram;As shown in fig. 6, screening plant screening pedestal (not shown), is rotatably installed in described Sieve the horizontal screen box 110 on pedestal and the drive device (not shown) linked with the screen box 110, the screen box 110 For tubular structure, one end is screening feeding mouth 111 in the axial direction, and the other end is screening discharging opening 112, and screen box 110 is entered by screening Material mouth 111 to screening discharging opening 112 is divided into multiple screening sections, is followed successively by the first screening section 113, the second screening section 114, with And the 3rd screening section 115, the aperture of sieve aperture 116 of each screening section is incremented by, and pre- screen drum 130, the screening are provided with the screen box 110 Device is provided with feed pipe 120.What is wherein conveyed in feed pipe 120 is exactly the heavy material by flotation unit.
Specifically, the pre- screen drum 130 includes the pre-sifted section 133 being connected with each other and export section 131;
The pre-sifted section 133 is one side closed towards the screening discharging opening 112 of screen box 110, and feeding mouth is sieved towards screen box 110 111 sides open and docked with export section 131, and the perisporium of pre-sifted section 133 is provided with pre- sieve aperture 134 and aperture is more than all screening sections The aperture of sieve aperture 116, the feed pipe 120 stretch into pre-sifted section 133 in;
Described export one end of section 131 is docked with pre-sifted section 133, and the other end sieves the edge seal of discharging opening 112 with screen box 110 Connection.
The inwall of screen box 110 is provided with a plurality of ring stiffener 117 arranged vertically and a plurality of axially extending reinforcement Muscle (not shown), each axially extending reinforcement is circumferentially uniformly arranged.Reinforcement can strengthen the integral rigidity of screen box 110, Effectively extend the life-span of screen box 110.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 6, the first screening section 113, the second screening section 114, and the 3rd screening section 115 is with annular Reinforcement 117 is only close to sieve on the sieve aperture 116 that respective aperture is covered with boundary, each screening section, or each screening section The sieve aperture 116 of respective aperture is distributed with the screening discharging opening 112 of case 110 side.The screening plant also includes multiple screening dischargings Bucket 140, the lower section of each screening section corresponds to a screening discharge bucket 140 respectively.
In order to which more preferably material is uniformly sieved in each screening section, inwall the raising provided with Spiral distribution of the screen box 110 Flitch (not shown), is provided with the screen-aperture on sieve aperture (not shown), lifting blade and residing screening section on lifting blade The aperture of sieve aperture 116 is identical.
The pre- screen drum 130 also includes being arranged between the pre-sifted section 133 and export section 131 and is used to material being oriented to institute That states pre- sieve part returns stopper 132.Described time stopper 132 is the annular gear being arranged between the pre-sifted section 133 and export section 131 Plate;In screen box 110 radially, ring baffle is highly more than or equal to the bore of the pre- sieve aperture 134.133 Hes of the pre-sifted section Export between section 131, and to be welded and fixed or be detachable between export section 131 and the screening of screen box 110 discharging opening 112 edge Connection;In the embodiment shown in fig. 6, between pre-sifted section 133 and export section 131, export section 131 and screen box 110 sieve discharging opening It is to be welded and fixed between 112 edges.Weld wherein between pre-sifted section 133 and export section 131 can be used for serving as back stopper 132 effect, can also individually designed part installation.
The pre-sifted section 133 is truncated cone-shaped and the side of discharging opening 112 is sieved in microcephaly side towards screen box 110, truncated cone-shaped The side wall of cone element and the screen box 110 constitutes pre-sifted angle, and the pre-sifted angle A is 5~30 degree.In the embodiment shown in fig. 6, Pre-sifted angle A is 9 degree.The export section 131 is truncated cone-shaped and microcephaly side is docked with pre-sifted section 133, the cone element of truncated cone-shaped Export angle is constituted with the side wall of the screen box 110, the export angle B is 30~60 degree.In the embodiment shown in fig. 6, angle B is exported For 44 degree.
In order to which the screening to material is better achieved, the export section 131 also is provided with pre- sieve aperture 134, and aperture and pre-sifted The pre- sieve aperture 134 of section 133 is identical.
The maximum material pan feeding direction reverse first of diameter can be led by pre- screen drum 130 in screening plant shown in Fig. 6 Go out the screen box 110, so as to reduce motion of the major diameter material in screen box 110, screen box is protected while improving screening efficiency 110, extension device life-span.Heavy material is divided into the component of different-diameter after screening plant, leaves system and waits secondary place Reason and utilization.
Light material of the removal of impurities fines after flotation unit will enter pressing device.
Fig. 7 is pressing device schematic diagram.(omitted as shown in fig. 7, pressing device includes squeezing pedestal in figure, it is necessary to fixed The part of installation directly or indirectly be arranged on squeezing pedestal on), be fixed on squeezing pedestal on squeezing storehouse 420 and with pressure The feed screw 410 that storehouse 420 is connected is squeezed, the squeezing both sides of storehouse 420 are respectively squeezing discharging opening 422 and and feed screw The inner space for squeezing charging aperture 421 and squeezing storehouse 420 of 410 connections is from squeezing charging aperture 421 to squeezing discharging opening 422 direction It is gradually reduced.Wherein what feed screw 410 was conveyed is exactly the light material by flotation unit.
Specifically, pressing device also includes being used for the enclosed mechanism 430 that opening and closing of fault squeezes discharging opening 422, sealing machine Structure 430 includes:
Hush panel 431, is hinged on squeezing pedestal by rotating shaft 432, and the bottom of hush panel 431 is equipped with and squeezing discharging opening 422 sealed ends 439 coordinated;
Drive cylinder 435, links with hush panel 431 and drives its opening and closing of fault to squeeze discharging opening 422;
Mechanical switch 438, senses the cylinder body position of drive cylinder 435, and controls drive cylinder 435 accordingly.
The inner space in storehouse 420 is squeezed from squeezing charging aperture 421 to the squeezing diminishing design shape in the direction of discharging opening 422 Into the squeezing storehouse 420 of a toroidal.Therefore the formation pressure that the propulsion with material in squeezing storehouse 420 just can be spontaneous, phase For other shapes, can effectively reduce because the solid accumulation that brings of dead angle there is provided Milling Efficiencty.
Squeezing storehouse 420 is that the less side of area is squeezing discharging opening 422, pressure in frustum or prismatic table shape and upper following table The side larger with area in upper following table of charging aperture 421 is squeezed to connect.In other words, the horizontal stroke on gravity direction in storehouse 420 is squeezed Section is trapezoidal and most short one side is squeezing discharging opening 422.And squeeze the lower edge of discharging opening 422 and squeezing charging aperture 421 Flushed with minimum point of the squeezing storehouse 420 on the gravity direction of corresponding position.
Such as the squeezing storehouse 420 in Fig. 7, the cross section for squeezing the inner space in storehouse 420 is trapezoidal institute, in three dimensions for Frustum.The inner space in storehouse 420 is squeezed in the upper continuous spigot surface of material direction of advance, it is not easy to solid accumulation occur at certain Put to death angle.
The bottom squeezed on all squeezing discharging openings 422 in 420 less one, storehouse, the larger gravity direction of one is set Put squeezing charging aperture 421.Therefore, it is possible to realize in material direction of advance, the minimum material on gravity direction can be passed sequentially through The lower edge of squeezing charging aperture 421 and squeezing discharging opening 422, it is continuous that the design is advantageous in that material enters meeting behind squeezing storehouse 420 Travel forward, reduce the possibility of accumulation, and also can be in operation process because weight positioned at the material of the squeezing high point 423 of storehouse 420 Power is fallen, so as to provide preferably squeezing effect.Meanwhile, the moisture that material is extruded when squeezing can be by positioned at feed screw 410 discharge outlet 413 is discharged, it is not necessary to is opened up discharge outlet in squeezing storehouse 420, is improved the bulk strength in squeezing storehouse 420.
Squeeze pedestal and be provided with horizontally disposed guide rail 437, the cylinder body of drive cylinder 435 is slidably mounted on the guide rail 437 On;Hush panel 431 is rotatably installed on squeezing pedestal, and the one end of hush panel 431 is provided with sealed end 439, the other end of hush panel 431 Linked with the piston rod 434 of drive cylinder 435.
By the motion of the piston rod 434 of drive cylinder 435, the motion of hush panel 431 can be controlled, so as to realize squeezing The opening and closing in storehouse 420.The rotational installation of hush panel 431 simultaneously can be that fulcrum realizes leverage with rotating shaft 432, pass through Adjust different demands of the arm of force realization to confining pressure of the both sides of rotating shaft 432.
Linked between the piston rod 434 of hush panel 431 and drive cylinder 435 by drive link 433, the two of drive link 433 The piston rod 434 respectively with hush panel 431 and drive cylinder 435 is held to be hinged.
Drive link 433 can improve the free degree between driver plate and the piston rod 434 of drive cylinder 435, preferably real Now squeeze the opening and closing in storehouse 420.Be fixed with limiting plate 400 on squeezing pedestal, the two ends of stage clip 436 respectively with limiting plate 400 and the cylinder body of drive cylinder 435 offset.The threshold pressure for opening squeezing storehouse 420 can be adjusted by the pre-compression force of stage clip, Improve the adaptability of device.
Drive cylinder is can control using mechanical switch 438, the circuit part access drive cylinder of such as machine mechanical switch is supplied The control loop of magnetic valve on air pipe, when mechanical switch is triggered, controls drive cylinder by the corresponding actions of magnetic valve, beats Break a seal oralia 431.
Sealed end 439 is the domed end socket being fixed in hush panel 431, and the end socket has the pressure with squeezing storehouse 420 The arc-shaped circumference face that material mouth of squeezing out 422 is engaged.The outside of squeezing discharging opening 422 for squeezing storehouse 420 also undertakes discharging machine 440. Discharging machine 440 includes the discharge bucket 441 for being used to accept compressed material, the discharging auger that material in discharge bucket 441 is transferred out 442, and the material outlet canal 443 positioned at discharging auger 442 end, being designed to of discharging machine 440 further heightens squeezing The fluency of operation.
In specific operation:
Material is initially entered in elevating hopper 412, by the feeding auger 411 of feed screw 410 by squeezing charging aperture 421 enter squeezing storehouse 420.Because the squeezing discharging opening 422 in squeezing storehouse 420 is blocked by sealed end 439, in feeding auger Under 411 continuous work, the pressure in squeezing storehouse 420 is gradually increasing.Inclined-plane of the material along squeezing storehouse 420 gradually reduces.Thing Unnecessary moisture leaves pressing device along osculum 413 under gravity in material.
When the pressure in squeezing storehouse 420 is gradually upper, sealed end 439 can push hush panel 431, and the active force of hush panel leads to Drive link 433 is crossed, piston rod 434 can overcome stage clip 436 after being transferred to drive cylinder 435, the cylinder body stress of drive cylinder 435 Elastic force is drawn close on guide rail 437 to phase-plate 400.When moving to certain distance, mechanical switch 438 is triggered, drive cylinder 435 Hush panel 431 is opened in work, and the material compressed enters in discharge bucket 441 under the thrust of feeding auger 411, then by discharging Auger 442 is delivered in material outlet canal 443.
In the present embodiment, the piston rod of drive cylinder 435, which resets, to be controlled using artificial, it would however also be possible to employ delay control System, after opening hush panel 431 reaches 10~30 seconds (setting as needed), drive cylinder 435 can action closing sealing again Plate 431.Delays time to control can utilize existing delayer, and control drive cylinder resets.
The piston rod of drive cylinder 435, which resets, can also select using pressure sensing control.For example set in squeezing storehouse 420 Pressure sensor is put, controls drive cylinder to close hush panel by the signal of the pressure sensor.Light material passes through pressing device After leave recovery system, the light material after volume is compressed facilitates stacking and focused on.
The exemplary specific setting for having enumerated the various devices for each operation of the present invention, realizes whole recovery system Energy-conserving and environment-protective, the recovery operation of stability and high efficiency.Wherein screening plant sieves major diameter material first by increasing pre- screen drum, extension The screen box life-span;Concentration equipment protects magnetic separation conveyer belt by keeping off press mechanism and the smooth material of mechanism for monitoring;Flotation unit passes through water Processing sub-device realizes recycling for flotation water;Pressing device reduces pressure by optimizing squeezing storehouse shape and mode of operation Solid accumulation is squeezed, operating efficiency is improved.Building waste recovery system energy-conserving and environment-protective proposed by the present invention, can continue efficiently to enter Row reclaims operation, and secondary utilize is carried out to resource.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention are these are only, are not intended to limit the invention, for those skilled in the art For member, the present invention can have various modifications and variations.Any modification within the spirit and principles of the invention, being made, Equivalent substitution, improvement etc., should be included in the scope of the protection.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of building waste recovery system, including:
Breaker, for building waste coarse fodder to be broken for into fines;
Concentration equipment, for the fines magnetic separation removal;
Flotation unit, for carrying out flotation to the fines after magnetic separation removal, and obtains light material and heavy material;
Screening plant, for being sieved according to granular size to the heavy material;
Pressing device, for being squeezed to the light material;
Characterized in that,
The screening plant include screening pedestal, be rotatably installed in it is described screening pedestal on horizontal screen box and with the sieve The drive device of case linkage, the screen box is tubular structure, and one end is screening feeding mouth in the axial direction, and the other end discharges for screening Mouthful, screen box is divided into multiple screening sections by screening feeding mouth to discharging opening is sieved, and the screen-aperture of each screening section is incremented by, described Pre- screen drum is provided with screen box, the screening plant is provided with feed pipe;
The pre- screen drum includes the pre-sifted section being connected with each other and export section;
The pre-sifted section is one side closed towards the screening discharging opening of screen box, is opened towards the screening feeding mouth side of screen box and with leading Go out section docking, the perisporium of pre-sifted section is more than the screen-aperture of all screening sections provided with pre- sieve aperture and aperture, and the feed pipe is stretched into In pre-sifted section;
Described export section one end is docked with pre-sifted section, the screening discharging opening edge seal connection of the other end and screen box;
The concentration equipment includes magnetic separation pedestal, is arranged on material conveyor belt and magnetic separation conveyer belt on the magnetic separation pedestal, institute State magnetic separation conveyer belt and be arranged on the material conveyor belt top and arranged in a crossed manner with the material conveyor belt, in material transferring direction On, it is additionally provided with the gear press mechanism positioned at magnetic separation conveyer belt upstream;
The gear press mechanism includes:
Press frame is kept off, the material conveyor belt both sides is arranged at and is fixed on the magnetic separation pedestal;
Keep off casting die, be arranged on the gear press frame, gear casting die towards the side of conveyer belt be for by material to the material The working face that conveyer belt is pressed against.
2. building waste recovery system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the flotation unit include floation tank with And the water process sub-device matched with floation tank, the water process sub-device includes multiple processing units for arranging successively, often Individual processing unit includes in settling tank and biochemistry pool, each processing unit, and the periphery of the biochemistry pool is interior ring dike, described Settling tank is provided with outer ring dike in the periphery of the settling tank for annular and around the home in the periphery of the interior ring dike;
The floation tank has many sets, and often set is equipped with drainpipe and feed pipe, and all drainpipes and feed pipe are converged to respectively Main sewer and water main;
The branch drain connected with each settling tank is additionally provided with the main sewer, each settling tank also passes through respective water supply branch pipe It is communicated to the water main;
Provided with the water inlet pipe intake from settling tank to biochemistry pool between settling tank and biochemistry pool in same processing unit;Each processing Biochemistry pool in unit is communicated to the water main by respective outlet pipe;
Landscape pavilion is additionally provided with, landscape pavilion includes many pillars being arranged on interior ring dike and the top being erected on all pillars Canopy, the outer peripheral edge of the ceiling extends to the top of outer ring dike.
3. building waste recovery system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the pressing device includes squeezing pedestal And the squeezing storehouse being fixed on the squeezing pedestal and the feed screw connected to the squeezing storehouse, the squeezing storehouse two Side is respectively to squeeze discharging opening and squeezing charging aperture connect with the feed screw and the inner space in squeezing storehouse are from described Squeezing charging aperture is gradually reduced to the squeezing discharging opening direction;
The pressing device also includes the enclosed mechanism for being used to squeeze discharging opening described in opening and closing of fault, the enclosed mechanism bag Include:
Hush panel, is provided with the sealed end coordinated with the squeezing discharging opening;
Drive cylinder, links and drives with the hush panel and squeeze discharging opening described in its opening and closing of fault;
Controller, senses the pressure in the squeezing storehouse and controls the drive cylinder accordingly.
4. building waste recovery system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the pre-sifted Duan Weiyuan of the screening plant Platform shape and microcephaly side are towards the screening discharging opening side of screen box, and the side wall of the cone element of truncated cone-shaped and the screen box constitutes pre- Angle is sieved, the pre-sifted angle is 5~30 degree.
5. building waste recovery system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the export Duan Weiyuan of the screening plant Platform shape and microcephaly side docks with pre-sifted section, and the side wall of the cone element of truncated cone-shaped and the screen box, which is constituted, exports angle, described to lead Angle of departure is 30~60 degree.
6. building waste recovery system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the gear casting die of the concentration equipment is solid The pressing plate above the material conveyor belt is scheduled on, the spacing between the working face and material conveyor belt of the pressing plate is along the material Conveyer belt traffic direction is gradually reduced;The gear press mechanism also includes the adjuster being arranged on the gear press frame, for adjusting Save the spacing between the working face and material conveyor belt of the pressing plate.
7. building waste recovery system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the concentration equipment is in material transferring side Be additionally provided with mechanism for monitoring upwards, the mechanism for monitoring be located between the gear press mechanism and magnetic separation conveyer belt and including:
Frame is monitored, the material conveyor belt both sides is arranged at and is fixed on the magnetic separation pedestal;
Detecting plate, is slidably arranged in the monitoring frame, and detecting plate is upwarped in face of the side of material direction of transfer;
Inductive switch, in monitoring frame, rises when the detecting plate is by material push and block and triggers the inductive switch;
Return springs, to prevent the detecting plate from rising in monitoring frame.
8. building waste recovery system according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the main sewer of the flotation unit, Water pump and control valve are respectively equipped with water main, branch drain, water supply branch pipe, water inlet pipe and outlet pipe.
9. building waste recovery system according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the biochemistry pool of the flotation unit is square Shape, the interior ring dike, settling tank and outer ring dike are straight-flanked ring.
10. building waste recovery system according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the squeezing storehouse of the pressing device is The less side of area is the squeezing discharging opening, the squeezing charging aperture and up and down in frustum or prismatic table shape and upper following table The side connection that area is larger in table top.
CN201710240081.6A 2017-04-13 2017-04-13 Construction waste recovery system Active CN107116086B (en)

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CN116200218B (en) * 2023-04-26 2023-08-15 北京鼎创环保有限公司 Production system and production process for producing fuel rods from decoration garbage

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