CN107116086B

CN107116086B - Construction waste recovery system

Info

Publication number: CN107116086B
Application number: CN201710240081.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 崔巍; 李强; 张宝哲
Original assignee: Zhejiang College of Construction
Current assignee: Zhejiang College of Construction
Priority date: 2017-04-13
Filing date: 2017-04-13
Publication date: 2022-10-21
Anticipated expiration: 2037-04-13
Also published as: CN107116086A

Abstract

The invention discloses a construction waste recovery system which comprises a screening device, a magnetic separation device, a flotation device and a squeezing device which are used for materials to sequentially pass through, and energy-saving, environment-friendly, stable and efficient recovery operation is realized by optimizing the devices corresponding to all the steps. The screening device firstly screens large-diameter materials by adding a pre-screening drum, so that the service life of a screening box is prolonged; the magnetic separation device levels the materials through the pressure blocking mechanism and the monitoring mechanism to protect the magnetic separation conveyor belt; the flotation device realizes the recycling of flotation water through the water treatment sub-device; the squeezing device reduces the accumulation of squeezing materials and improves the working efficiency by optimizing the shape and the working mode of the squeezing bin. The construction waste recovery system provided by the invention is energy-saving and environment-friendly, can continuously and efficiently carry out recovery operation, and carries out secondary utilization on resources.

Description

Construction waste recovery system

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of construction waste recovery, in particular to a construction waste recovery system.

Background

Along with the acceleration of industrialization and urbanization processes, the construction industry is rapidly developed, the quantity of the Chinese construction waste is more than 1/3 of the total quantity of the urban waste along with the increase of the quantity of the generated construction waste. The construction waste refers to residual mud, residual slag, slurry and other wastes generated in the process of constructing, removing and repairing various buildings, structures and the like by construction units or individuals and decorating houses by residents. According to the source classification, the construction waste can be divided into five types of waste for land excavation, road excavation, old building demolition, building construction and building material production, and mainly comprises muck, broken stones, waste mortar, broken bricks and tiles, concrete blocks, asphalt blocks, waste plastics, waste metal materials, waste bamboo and wood and the like.

After being sorted, removed or crushed, most of the wastes in the construction wastes can be reused as renewable resources, such as: the metal such as waste steel bars, waste iron wires, waste electric wires and various waste steel fittings can be used for replacing sand, building mortar, plastering mortar, making concrete cushions and the like, and can also be used for manufacturing building material products such as building blocks, paving bricks, lattice bricks and the like.

In the recycling treatment of the construction waste, the construction waste mixed together is generally divided into relatively pure single materials through the processes of crushing, screening, sieving, water separation and the like.

For example, chinese patent publication No. CN106145731a discloses a method for recycling construction waste, which comprises the following steps: (1) Sorting waste concrete, waste stone, waste ceramic, waste sintered bricks and tiles, sand-lime bricks and the like in the construction waste according to types, and respectively crushing the waste concrete, the waste stone, the waste ceramic, the waste sintered bricks and tiles to the granularity of 00mm; (2) Screening the crushed materials, selecting small metal materials, adding water into the materials for cleaning, and performing flotation to separate sawdust and small plastic parts; (3) Respectively crushing the screened and floated materials by a machine until the granularity is less than 60mm to form usable regenerated stone materials for paving a roadbed; (4) The further crushed material can be milled to be less than 5mm to form regenerated fine aggregate, and the regenerated fine aggregate is prepared into cement after conventional treatment.

In particular, in each operation step, the problems of material waste or unreasonable operation and the like exist.

For example in the magnetic separation operation, the material that material transport belt transportation was mixed passes through the magnetic separation conveyer belt, can adsorb metal material to magnetic separation transport belt through the strong electromagnet that sets up in the magnetic separation conveyer belt. When the metal material is transported to the non-powerful electromagnet area along with the operation of the magnetic separation transport belt, the metal material loses the pulling force provided by the magnetic force and falls into the magnetic separation screening discharge hopper under the action of gravity, and the magnetic separation is completed. But before the material that mixes gets into magnetic separation conveyer belt, the material that mixes may be disorderly and have a disorderly seal, is higher than the interval between magnetic separation conveyer belt and the material conveyer belt even to wearing and tearing magnetic separation conveyer belt and material conveyer belt, retarding material conveyer belt operation even influence the magnetic separation operation.

For example, in flotation operations, light materials can be distinguished from heavy materials by the buoyancy of the body of water. Wherein half of the light material is a large-volume foaming material, and the light material can absorb larger water after water separation. Therefore, the recycling process needs to be pressed into a more compact material block through a pressing process. However, the squeezing machines in the prior art often have a lot of dead corners in the squeezing bin, and materials can be accumulated in the squeezing operation process. Thus often requiring manual dredging. And recycling of the flotation water has also been problematic. Organic and inorganic impurities are mixed in the water for flotation, and the requirement of recycling can be met by multiple treatments.

For example, in a screening operation, the mixed bulk material enters a screen box and is centrifugally thrown out by the rotation of the near screen box. According to the size of the sieve pores on the side wall of the sieve box, materials with different diameters can be sieved. However, the screening operation requires sequential treatment from smaller to larger sizes, which results in the largest diameter material being run through the screen box for the longest period of time. In the operation process of the screen box, materials collide with the side wall of the screen box, and the service life and the precision of the screen box are seriously influenced.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides the construction waste recovery system which is energy-saving and environment-friendly, can overcome various defects and improve the recovery efficiency.

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

a construction waste recovery system comprises a crushing device, a collecting device and a control device, wherein the crushing device is used for crushing coarse materials of construction waste into fine materials;

the magnetic separation device is used for magnetically separating and removing impurities from the fine materials;

the flotation device is used for performing flotation on the fine materials subjected to magnetic separation and impurity removal to obtain light materials and heavy materials;

the screening device is used for screening the heavy materials according to the particle sizes;

the squeezing device is used for squeezing the light material;

the screening device comprises a screening base, a horizontal type screen box and a driving device, wherein the horizontal type screen box is rotatably installed on the screening base, the driving device is linked with the screen box, the screen box is of a cylindrical structure, one end of the screen box is a screening feeding port in the axial direction, the other end of the screen box is a screening discharging port, the screen box is sequentially divided into a plurality of screen sections from the screening feeding port to the screening discharging port, the aperture of each screen section is increased in an increasing manner, a pre-screening cylinder is arranged in the screen box, and the screening device is provided with a feeding pipe;

The pre-screening drum comprises a pre-screening section and a leading-out section which are connected with each other;

the pre-screening section is closed towards one side of a screening discharge port of the screen box, is open towards one side of a screening feed port of the screen box and is in butt joint with the derivation section, pre-screening holes are formed in the peripheral wall of the pre-screening section, the hole diameter of each pre-screening hole is larger than the hole diameter of each screening hole of all the screening sections, and the feeding pipe extends into the pre-screening section;

one end of the guiding-out section is butted with the pre-screening section, and the other end of the guiding-out section is hermetically connected with the edge of a screening feeding port of the screen box;

the magnetic separation device comprises a magnetic separation base, a material conveying belt and a magnetic separation conveying belt, wherein the material conveying belt and the magnetic separation conveying belt are arranged on the magnetic separation base;

the pressure blocking mechanism comprises:

the pressing blocking rack is arranged on two sides of the material conveying belt and fixed on the magnetic separation base;

and the pressing blocking part is arranged on the pressing blocking rack, and one side of the pressing blocking part, which faces the material conveying belt, is a working surface for pressing the material to the material conveying belt.

The material with the largest diameter can be firstly led out of the sieve box in the reverse feeding direction through the pre-sieve drum, so that the movement of the large-diameter material in the sieve box is reduced, the sieve box is protected while the sieving efficiency is improved; simultaneously, through keeping off the compression piece with the material compression on the material conveyer belt and tentatively level and smooth, can effectively avoid material and magnetic separation conveyer belt to take place to interfere, sweep into equipment unnecessary wearing and tearing and destruction. Keep off and press the mechanism and can protect the magnetic separation conveyer belt when improving magnetic separation efficiency. The combination of the two can effectively improve the overall service life and stability of the construction waste recovery system.

Furthermore, the flotation device comprises a flotation tank and a water treatment sub-device matched with the flotation tank, the water treatment sub-device comprises a plurality of treatment units which are sequentially distributed, each treatment unit comprises a sedimentation tank and a biochemical tank, in each treatment unit, the periphery of the biochemical tank is an inner ring annular embankment, the sedimentation tank is annular and is wound on the periphery of the inner ring annular embankment, and an outer ring annular embankment is arranged on the periphery of the sedimentation tank;

the flotation tank is provided with a plurality of sets, each set is provided with a drain pipe and a water supply pipe, and all the drain pipes and the water supply pipes are respectively converged to a drain main pipe and a water supply main pipe;

the main water drain pipe is also provided with a water drain branch pipe communicated with each settling pond, and each settling pond is also communicated to the main water supply pipe through a respective water supply branch pipe;

a water inlet pipe for feeding water from the sedimentation tank to the biochemical tank is arranged between the sedimentation tank and the biochemical tank in the same treatment unit; the biochemical pools in each processing unit are communicated to the water supply main pipe through respective water outlet pipes;

still be equipped with the view pavilion, the view pavilion is including setting up many spinal branchs post on the inner circle ring dike and erect the ceiling on all posts, the outer peripheral edges of ceiling extend to the top of outer lane ring dike.

The sedimentation tank and the biochemical tank are designed to simultaneously treat inorganic and organic polluted water, thereby realizing water body circulation. The design of the landscape pavilion can realize the actual use function and landscape function of the water treatment sub-device, and realize multi-level requirements of water treatment and environmental protection.

Furthermore, the squeezing device comprises a squeezing base, a squeezing bin fixed on the squeezing base and a spiral feeder communicated with the squeezing bin, wherein a squeezing discharge port and a squeezing feed port communicated with the spiral feeder are respectively arranged at two sides of the squeezing bin, and the inner space of the squeezing bin is gradually reduced from the squeezing feed port to the squeezing discharge port;

squeeze the device still including being used for opening or seal squeeze the mechanism of sealing of discharge gate, seal the mechanism and include:

the sealing plate is provided with a sealing end matched with the squeezing discharge port;

the driving cylinder is linked with the sealing plate and drives the sealing plate to open or close the squeezing discharge hole;

and the controller senses the pressure in the squeezing bin and controls the driving air cylinder according to the pressure.

The inner space of the pressing bin is gradually reduced from the pressing feed port to the pressing discharge port to form a horn-shaped pressing bin. Therefore, the pressure can be formed spontaneously along with the propelling of the material in the pressing bin, and compared with other shapes, the material accumulation caused by dead angles can be effectively reduced, and the pressing efficiency is improved.

Furthermore, the pre-screening section of the screening device is in a circular truncated cone shape, the small end of the pre-screening section faces one side of the screening discharge port of the screening box, a pre-screening angle is formed by a conical surface bus of the circular truncated cone shape and the side wall of the screening box, and the pre-screening angle is 5-30 degrees.

The pre-screening section functions to allow small diameter material to enter the screen box and screen out large diameter material. The pre-screening angle is 5-30 degrees, so that small-diameter materials can be guaranteed to fully enter the screening box, and large-diameter materials can also quickly and effectively move to the guide-out section.

Furthermore, the leading-out section of the screening device is in a cone shape, one side of a small head of the leading-out section is in butt joint with the pre-screening section, a leading-out angle is formed by a cone bus of the cone shape and the side wall of the screening box, and the leading-out angle is 30-60 degrees.

The effect of deriving the section is that major diameter material derives sieve case. The design that the lead-out angle is 30-60 degrees can guarantee smooth lead-out of major diameter material and reduce the collision of material, improves the stability of equipment.

Furthermore, a pressing and blocking piece of the magnetic separation device is a pressing plate fixed above the material conveying belt, and the distance between the working surface of the pressing plate and the material conveying belt is gradually reduced along the running direction of the material conveying belt; the pressure blocking mechanism further comprises an adjuster arranged on the pressure blocking machine frame and used for adjusting the distance between the working surface of the pressing plate and the material conveying belt.

The advantage of the gradually decreasing pitch is that the material can be compressed and leveled spontaneously with the movement of the material conveyor. The device is compact and simple as a whole without adding an actuating mechanism. Meanwhile, the design of the regulator can enable the pressing plate to adjust the height according to different material conditions, and the adaptability of the magnetic separation device to different materials is improved.

Further, the magnetic separation device still is equipped with monitoring mechanism on material transmission direction, monitoring mechanism is located keep off between pressing mechanism and the magnetic separation conveyer belt and include:

the monitoring rack is arranged on two sides of the material conveying belt and fixed on the magnetic separation base;

the detection plate is arranged on the monitoring rack in a sliding mode and is tilted on one side facing the material conveying direction;

the inductive switch is arranged on the monitoring rack, and the detection plate rises and triggers the inductive switch when being pushed by materials;

and the resetting elastic piece is arranged on the monitoring rack and used for preventing the detection plate from rising.

Monitoring mechanism can prevent that some elastic material from resuming deformation entering magnetic separation conveyer belt after passing through fender pressure mechanism again to ensure that the magnetic separation operation goes on in order.

Furthermore, a water pump and a control valve are respectively arranged on a drainage main pipe, a water supply main pipe, a drainage branch pipe, a water supply branch pipe, a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe of the flotation device. By independently controlling each pipeline and each control valve, the flexible control of the system work can be realized, and the adaptability of the water treatment sub-device is improved.

Furthermore, the biochemical tank of the flotation device is rectangular, and the inner ring embankment, the sedimentation tank and the outer ring embankment are all rectangular rings. The design of rectangle ring can conveniently be built, reduces manufacturing cost when improving water treatment performance.

Furthermore, the squeezing bin of the squeezing device is in a frustum shape or a frustum shape, the side with smaller area in the upper table top and the lower table top is the squeezing discharge port, and the squeezing feed port is communicated with the side with larger area in the upper table top and the lower table top. The inner space of the squeezing bin is frustum-shaped or frustum-shaped, namely, the upper continuous guide surface of the inner space of the squeezing bin in the material advancing direction is represented, and the material accumulation at a dead angle is not easy to occur.

The invention has the following advantages:

the material with the largest diameter can be firstly led out of the sieve box in the reverse feeding direction through the pre-sieve drum, so that the movement of the large-diameter material in the sieve box is reduced, the sieve box is protected while the sieving efficiency is improved; the magnetic separation conveying belt is protected through the pressing blocking piece, so that the stability of system motion is greatly improved, the service life of equipment is prolonged, the maintenance cost is reduced, and the production power consumption is reduced.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a construction waste recycling system according to the present embodiment;

FIG. 2 is a front view of the magnetic separation device;

FIG. 3 is a side view of the magnetic separation apparatus of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a water treatment sub-assembly;

FIG. 5 is a schematic side view of the water treatment sub-assembly of FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a screening device;

fig. 7 is a schematic view of a press apparatus.

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments of the invention refers to the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a construction waste recycling system according to the embodiment. As shown in fig. 1, the material firstly enters a crushing device, and the material is changed into fine material under the action of the crushing device; then the fine materials pass through a magnetic separation device, and under the action of magnetic force, metal impurities in the fine materials are separated out and are separately recycled. The fine materials after impurity removal through magnetic separation can enter a flotation device and are separated into light materials and heavy materials under the action of buoyancy. The light material enters a squeezing device to be squeezed into material blocks which are convenient to stack and store; the heavy material enters a screening device to be screened into components with different diameters, so that the components can be conveniently classified and recycled.

The detailed structure and the working process of each device are described as follows according to the material processing procedures:

the materials firstly enter a crushing device, the crushing device needs to meet the function of crushing the mixed blocky materials into fine materials, and a feasible scheme in the prior art can be specifically adopted, for example, a construction waste crushing device provided in Chinese patent document with the publication number of CN 201855717U. When the mixed blocky materials are crushed into fine materials, the fine materials enter a magnetic separation device.

FIG. 2 is a front view of a magnetic separation device; FIG. 3 is a side view of the magnetic separation apparatus of FIG. 2. As shown in fig. 2-3, the magnetic separation device includes magnetic separation base 200, sets up material conveyer 210 and magnetic separation conveyer belt 220 on the magnetic separation base 200, magnetic separation conveyer belt 220 sets up material conveyer belt 210 top and with material conveyer belt 210 cross arrangement, on material transmission direction, still is equipped with the fender mechanism 230 that is located magnetic separation conveyer belt 220 upper reaches. Wherein, the material on the material conveyer belt 21 of the magnetic separation device is the fine material formed by the crushing device in the crushing procedure.

Specifically, the pressure blocking mechanism 230 includes:

the press blocking frame 231 is arranged on two sides of the material conveying belt 210 and fixed on the magnetic separation base 200;

the pressing and blocking piece 232 is arranged on the pressing and blocking rack 231, and one side, facing the material conveying belt 210, of the pressing and blocking piece 232 is a working surface used for pressing materials to the material conveying belt 210;

and the adjuster 233 is arranged on the pressing blocking rack 231 and used for adjusting the distance between the working surface of the pressing plate and the material conveying belt 210.

The magnetic separation conveyor belt 220 includes:

a conveyor belt body 221 mounted on the magnetic separation base 200 by a height-adjustable mounting arm 224;

A magnet 222 installed in the belt body 221;

and the magnetic separation hopper 225 is arranged on the magnetic separation base 200 and is used for receiving the materials on the conveyor belt body 221.

The blocking and pressing machine frames 231 are stand columns which are arranged on two sides of the material conveying belt 210 at intervals, and the blocking and pressing pieces 232 are arranged between the stand columns on the two sides. Further, keep off press frame 231 including dividing many stands of listing in material conveyer belt 210 both sides, in this scheme, the stand of material conveyer belt 210 homonymy has three, but the clamp plate is the deformation structure, and the working face of clamp plate is adjusted and is changed with material conveyer belt 210's interval through the deformation of clamp plate. The variable curved surface can be fixed through the three stand columns, so that multi-section compression of materials is realized.

The pressing blocking part 232 is a pressing plate fixed above the material conveying belt 210, and the distance between the working surface of the pressing plate and the material conveying belt 210 is gradually reduced along the running direction of the material conveying belt 210. In this embodiment, the platen is divided into an arcuate segment 235 and a straight segment 236 away from the magnetic separation conveyor 220 as shown in FIG. 2. The arcuate segment 235 is used for processing the material once, and compresses the material that rises smoothly. Straight section 236 is used to further condition the material and maintain the material in a compressed state to consolidate the compression effect.

The adjuster 233 is a strip-shaped hole formed in the blocking and pressing frame 231, a guide post 234 extending into the strip-shaped hole is formed on a side edge of the pressing plate, and the guide post 234 is positioned on the blocking and pressing frame 231 by a fastening member (not shown). The clamp plate can freely be adjusted as required in the bar hole, can realize different compressed material effects after the locking. Simple structure, economy and durability.

In the material conveying direction, the magnetic separation device includes a monitoring mechanism 240 located between the blocking mechanism 230 and the magnetic separation conveyor belt 220, the monitoring mechanism 240 includes:

the monitoring racks 241 are arranged on two sides of the material conveying belt 210 and fixed on the magnetic separation base 200;

the detection plate 242 is slidably arranged on the monitoring rack 241, and the detection plate 242 is tilted upwards on one side facing the material conveying direction;

the inductive switch 245 is installed on the monitoring rack 241, and the detection plate 242 rises and triggers the inductive switch 245 when being pushed by materials;

a restoring elastic member 247 installed on the monitoring frame 241 to prevent the probe plate 242 from being lifted.

The monitoring frame 241 includes two upright posts located at two sides of the material conveying belt 210 and a cross beam 243 straddling between the two upright posts, a guide hole (not shown) is provided on the cross beam 243, a guide rod 246 penetrating through the guide hole is provided on the top surface of the detection plate 242, and an anti-falling member 244 abutting against the top surface of the cross beam 243 is provided at the top end of the guide rod 246 and penetrating above the cross beam 243.

The inductive switch 245 is disposed on the operational control circuitry (not shown) of the material conveyor 210 for shutting down operation of the material conveyor 210. The inductive switch 245 is arranged on the operation control circuit, so that the ultrahigh material can be prevented from entering the magnetic separation conveyor belt 220 area, and mechanical protection is realized.

The reset elastic member 247 is a helical compression spring sleeved on the guide rod 246, and two ends of the helical compression spring respectively abut against the detection plate 242 and the cross beam 243.

An alarm circuit (not shown) is also provided, and the alarm circuit is controlled to be turned on by the inductive switch 245. The alarm circuit can protect the magnetic separation conveyor belt 220 from being interfered by too high materials twice, prompts manual intervention, and reduces the influence of the ultrahigh materials on magnetic separation operation.

According to the scheme of the magnetic separation device disclosed by the invention, the materials on the material conveying belt 210 are compressed and primarily leveled through the pressing blocking piece 232, so that the situation that the ultrahigh materials interfere with the magnetic separation conveying belt 220 to cause unnecessary abrasion and damage to sweeping equipment can be effectively avoided. The blocking mechanism 230 can improve the operation efficiency of the magnetic separation operation and prolong the service life of the device. Through the protection of the monitoring mechanism 240, the influence of the springback of the elastic material after passing through the blocking mechanism 230 on the magnetic separation conveyor belt 220 is avoided. While monitoring mechanism 240 can serve as a signal source for other devices. Such as the alarm circuit mentioned in the publication, such as an adaptive magnetic separation conveyor belt 220 that can be adjusted according to the height of the material, etc.

When the fine materials are separated into impurity-removing fine materials left on the material conveying belt and metal impurities entering the magnetic separation hopper 225 after passing through the magnetic separation device, the metal impurities are uniformly recovered and then subjected to secondary treatment to leave the recovery system. And the impurity-removing fine materials left on the material conveying belt continuously enter the flotation device. The flotation device needs to meet the function of separating light materials from heavy materials, and the practical scheme in the prior art can be adopted for specific flotation operation, for example, the kitchen waste flotation collection device proposed in the Chinese patent document with the publication number of CN201308858 is adopted, and the invention focuses on the circulating treatment of flotation water.

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a water treatment sub-assembly; FIG. 5 is a schematic side view of the water treatment sub-assembly of FIG. 4; as shown in fig. 4 and 5, the water treatment sub-assembly includes two treatment units 320, namely a first treatment unit 321 and a second treatment unit 322, which are arranged in sequence, wherein the two treatment units 320 are intermittently turned on, for example, the second treatment unit 322 is turned on only when the first treatment unit 321 is fully loaded, and vice versa.

Each processing unit 320 comprises a sedimentation tank 324 and a biochemical tank 326, in each processing unit 320, an ecological floating bed 354 floats in the biochemical tank 326, the periphery of the biochemical tank is an inner ring embankment 325, the sedimentation tank 324 is annular and is wound on the periphery of the inner ring embankment 325, and an outer ring embankment 323 is arranged on the periphery of the sedimentation tank 324; as shown in fig. 4, the biochemical pool 326 is rectangular, and the inner ring embankment 325, the sedimentation pool 324 and the outer ring embankment 323 are all rectangular rings.

The sewage source of the treatment unit 320 and the flotation device 310 for the construction waste are finally returned to the flotation device 310. As shown in fig. 4, there are four sets of flotation devices 310, which are a first flotation device 311, a second flotation device 312, a third flotation device 313 and a fourth flotation device 314. Each set of flotation device 310 is provided with a corresponding first drain pipe 341, second drain pipe 342, third drain pipe 343 and fourth drain pipe 344. Each set of flotation device 310 is further provided with a corresponding first water supply pipe 331, second water supply pipe 332, third water supply pipe 333 and fourth water supply pipe 334. All the drain pipes and the water supply pipes are respectively converged to the drain main 340 and the water supply main 330;

the main drain 340 is further provided with two branch drain pipes, i.e. a first branch drain pipe 345 and a second branch drain pipe 346 in fig. 4, which are communicated with the settling ponds 324. Each settling tank 324 is also connected to the water main 330 by a respective water supply branch 329.

A water inlet pipe 327 for feeding water from the sedimentation tank 324 to the biochemical tank 326 is arranged between the sedimentation tank 324 and the biochemical tank 326 in the same processing unit 320; the biochemical pools 326 in each processing unit 320 are communicated to the water supply manifold 330 through respective water outlet pipes 328; wherein the water inlet pipe 327 is arranged on the inner ring annular embankment 325 in a penetrating way

In a specific arrangement, a water pump (not shown) and a control valve (not shown) are respectively provided on the drain header 340, the water supply header 330, each drain branch pipe, each water supply branch pipe, each water inlet pipe, and each water outlet pipe.

As shown in fig. 5, the water treatment sub-apparatus is further provided with a landscape booth 350, the landscape booth 350 includes a plurality of support columns 351 provided on the inner circumferential embankment 325, and a ceiling 352 provided on all the support columns 351, and an outer circumferential edge of the ceiling 352 extends above the outer circumferential embankment 323. In one embodiment, to prevent external influences on the interior of the processing unit 320, the ceiling 352 may completely cover the processing unit 320 as shown in fig. 5.

In order to improve the energy utilization rate, a solar panel 353 is provided on the ceiling 352, and the solar panel 352 supplies power to each water pump and control valve in the water treatment sub-device through a circuit. The treatment units 320 are buried underground, and guard rails (not shown) surrounding the treatment units 320 are provided between the posts 351 of the landscape kiosk 350.

The technical scheme of the water treatment sub-device disclosed in the embodiment can treat various kinds of sewage through the treatment unit 320, and the nested design of the sedimentation tank 324 and the biochemical tank 326 can reduce the energy consumption of water treatment; the landscape booth 350 and the ecological floating bed 354 can improve the surrounding environment in the process of completing sewage treatment.

The impurity-removed fine materials are separated into light materials and heavy materials after passing through the flotation device, the light materials are salvaged and then enter the squeezing device, and the heavy materials enter the screening device.

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a screening device; as shown in fig. 6, a screening device screening base (not shown), a horizontal screening box 110 rotatably mounted on the screening base, and a driving device (not shown) linked with the screening box 110, wherein the screening box 110 is of a cylindrical structure, one end of the screening box in the axial direction is a screening material inlet 111, the other end of the screening box is a screening material outlet 112, the screening box 110 is sequentially divided into a plurality of screening sections from the screening material inlet 111 to the screening material outlet 112, the screening sections are sequentially a first screening section 113, a second screening section 114 and a third screening section 115, the aperture of each screening section is gradually increased, a pre-screening cylinder 130 is arranged in the screening box 110, and the screening device is provided with a feeding pipe 120. Wherein the feed line 120 delivers heavy material through the flotation unit.

Specifically, the pre-screening drum 130 comprises a pre-screening section 133 and a leading-out section 131 which are connected with each other;

the pre-screening section 133 is closed towards one side of the screening discharge port 112 of the screening box 110, is open towards one side of the screening feed port 111 of the screening box 110 and is in butt joint with the guide-out section 131, the peripheral wall of the pre-screening section 133 is provided with pre-screening holes 134, the hole diameter of each pre-screening hole is larger than that of the screening holes 116 of all the screening sections, and the feeding pipe 120 extends into the pre-screening section 133;

One end of the guiding-out section 131 is butted with the pre-screening section 133, and the other end is connected with the edge of the screening material inlet 111 of the screen box 110 in a sealing manner.

The inner wall of the screen box 110 is provided with a plurality of annular reinforcing ribs 117 and a plurality of axially extending reinforcing ribs (not shown) which are arranged in the axial direction, and the axially extending reinforcing ribs are arranged uniformly in the circumferential direction. The reinforcing ribs can strengthen the overall rigidity of the screen box 110, and effectively prolong the service life of the screen box 110.

In the embodiment shown in fig. 6, the first screen section 113, the second screen section 114 and the third screen section 115 are limited by an annular reinforcing rib 117, and each screen section is uniformly provided with screen holes 116 with corresponding apertures, or each screen section is provided with screen holes 116 with corresponding apertures only on one side close to the screening discharge port 112 of the screen box 110. The screening device further comprises a plurality of screening discharge hoppers 140, and one screening discharge hopper 140 corresponds to the lower part of each screening section.

In order to better and uniformly sieve the material in each sieving section, a lifting plate (not shown) is spirally distributed on the inner wall of the sieve box 110, sieve holes (not shown) are arranged on the lifting plate, and the aperture of the sieve hole on the lifting plate is the same as the aperture of the sieve hole 116 on the sieving section.

The pre-screening cylinder 130 further comprises a backstop 132 arranged between the pre-screening section 133 and the discharge section 131 for guiding material to the pre-screening section. The backstop 132 is an annular baffle disposed between the pre-screening section 133 and the lead-out section 131; in the radial direction of the sieve box 110, the height of the annular baffle is greater than or equal to the caliber of the pre-sieve hole 134. The pre-screening section 133 and the leading-out section 131, and the leading-out section 131 and the edge of the screening discharge port 112 of the screening box 110 are fixedly welded or detachably connected; in the embodiment shown in fig. 6, the pre-screening section 133 and the lead-out section 131 are fixed by welding, and the lead-out section 131 and the edge of the screening discharge port 112 of the screen box 110 are fixed by welding. Wherein the weld between the pre-screening section 133 and the lead-out section 131 may be used to act as a backstop 132 or the component mounting may be designed separately.

The pre-screening section 133 is in a circular truncated cone shape, one small end of the pre-screening section faces the screening discharge port 112 side of the screening box 110, a pre-screening angle is formed by a conical surface bus of the circular truncated cone shape and the side wall of the screening box 110, and the pre-screening angle A is 5-30 degrees. In the embodiment shown in fig. 6, the prescreening angle a is 9 degrees. The leading-out section 131 is in a circular truncated cone shape, one side of a small end of the leading-out section is in butt joint with the pre-screening section 133, a leading-out angle is formed by a conical surface bus of the circular truncated cone shape and the side wall of the screening box 110, and the leading-out angle B is 30-60 degrees. In the embodiment shown in fig. 6, the lead-out angle B is 44 degrees.

In order to better realize the sieving of the materials, the guiding-out section 131 is also provided with pre-sieve holes 134, and the hole diameter is the same as that of the pre-sieve holes 134 of the pre-sieve section 133.

In the screening device shown in fig. 6, the material with the largest diameter can be firstly led out of the screen box 110 in the reverse feeding direction through the pre-screening drum 130, so that the movement of the material with the large diameter in the screen box 110 is reduced, the screening efficiency is improved, the screen box 110 is protected, and the service life of the equipment is prolonged. The heavy material is separated into components with different diameters after passing through a sieving device, and leaves the system to wait for secondary treatment and utilization.

The light material after the impurity-removing fine material passes through the flotation device enters a squeezing device.

Fig. 7 is a schematic view of a press apparatus. As shown in fig. 7, the pressing device includes a pressing base (omitted in the drawing, and components that need to be fixedly mounted are directly or indirectly mounted on the pressing base), a pressing bin 420 fixed on the pressing base, and a screw feeder 410 communicated with the pressing bin 420, wherein two sides of the pressing bin 420 are respectively a pressing discharge port 422 and a pressing feed port 421 communicated with the screw feeder 410, and an inner space of the pressing bin 420 is gradually reduced from the pressing feed port 421 to the pressing discharge port 422. Wherein the feed screw 410 delivers the light material through the flotation unit.

Specifically, squeeze the device and still include the mechanism 430 that seals that is used for opening or seals and squeezes discharge gate 422, seal the mechanism 430 and include:

the sealing plate 431 is hinged on the squeezing base through a rotating shaft 432, and the bottom of the sealing plate 431 is provided with a sealing end 439 matched with the squeezing discharge port 422;

the driving cylinder 435 is linked with the sealing plate 431 and drives the sealing plate to open or close the squeezing discharge port 422;

a mechanical switch 438 senses the position of the drive cylinder 435 and controls the drive cylinder 435 accordingly.

The inner space of the pressing chamber 420 is gradually reduced from the pressing feed opening 421 to the pressing discharge opening 422 to form a bell-mouth-shaped pressing chamber 420. Therefore, pressure can be formed spontaneously along with the pushing of the material in the pressing bin 420, and compared with other shapes, the material accumulation caused by dead angles can be effectively reduced, and the pressing efficiency is improved.

The squeezing bin 420 is in a frustum shape or a frustum of a pyramid shape, one side of the upper table top and the lower table top, which is smaller in area, is a squeezing discharge port 422, and the squeezing discharge port 421 is communicated with one side of the upper table top and the lower table top, which is larger in area. In other words, the cross section of the press bin 420 in the gravity direction is trapezoidal and the shortest side is the press discharge port 422. And the lower edges of the press discharge port 422 and the press feed port 421 are flush with the lowest point of the press bin 420 in the gravity direction at the corresponding position.

Like the pressing chamber 420 in fig. 7, the cross section of the inner space of the pressing chamber 420 is trapezoidal, and is a frustum in three-dimensional space. The inner space of the pressing bin 420 is a guide surface which is continuous in the material advancing direction, so that the materials are not easy to accumulate at a dead angle.

The smaller end of the pressing bin 420 is provided with a pressing discharge port 422, and the lower part of the larger end in the gravity direction is provided with a pressing feed port 421. Therefore, the lowest material in the gravity direction can sequentially pass through the lower edges of the pressing feed port 421 and the pressing discharge port 422 in the material advancing direction, the design has the advantages that the material can continuously move forwards after entering the pressing bin 420, the possibility of accumulation is reduced, and the material at the high point 423 of the pressing bin 420 can fall down due to gravity in the operation process, so that a better pressing effect is provided. Meanwhile, water extruded during material pressing can be discharged through the water outlet 413 located in the spiral feeder 410, a water outlet does not need to be formed in the pressing bin 420, and the overall strength of the pressing bin 420 is improved.

A guide rail 437 which is horizontally arranged is arranged on the pressing base, and the cylinder body of the driving cylinder 435 is slidably arranged on the guide rail 437; the sealing plate 431 is rotatably mounted on the press base, a sealing end 439 is mounted at one end of the sealing plate 431, and the other end of the sealing plate 431 is linked with a piston rod 434 of a driving cylinder 435.

The movement of the sealing plate 431 can be controlled by the movement of the piston rod 434 of the driving cylinder 435, thereby realizing the opening and closing of the pressing chamber 420. Meanwhile, the rotary installation of the sealing plate 431 can realize leverage by taking the rotating shaft 432 as a fulcrum, and different requirements on sealing pressure are realized by adjusting force arms on two sides of the rotating shaft 432.

The sealing plate 431 is linked with a piston rod 434 of the driving air cylinder 435 through a transmission rod 433, and two ends of the transmission rod 433 are respectively hinged with the sealing plate 431 and the piston rod 434 of the driving air cylinder 435.

The driving rod 433 can improve the degree of freedom between the driving plate and the piston rod 434 of the driving cylinder 435, and the opening and closing of the pressing bin 420 can be better realized. A limiting plate 400 is fixed on the squeezing base, and two ends of a pressure spring 436 are respectively abutted against the limiting plate 400 and a cylinder body of a driving cylinder 435. The threshold pressure for opening the squeezing cabin 420 can be adjusted through the precompression force of the pressure spring, and the adaptability of the device is improved.

The mechanical switch 438 is used to control the driving cylinder, for example, the circuit part of the mechanical switch is connected to the control circuit of the electromagnetic valve on the air supply pipeline of the driving cylinder, when the mechanical switch is triggered, the driving cylinder is controlled by the corresponding action of the electromagnetic valve, and the sealing plate 431 is opened.

The sealing end 439 is a spherical cap-shaped seal head fixed on the sealing plate 431, and the seal head has an arc-shaped outer peripheral surface matched with the pressing discharge port 422 of the pressing bin 420. The discharge unit 440 is also connected to the outside of the press outlet 422 of the press bin 420. The discharging machine 440 comprises a discharging hopper 441 for receiving compressed materials, a discharging auger 442 for conveying the materials in the discharging hopper 441 out, and a discharging conduit 443 positioned at the tail end of the discharging auger 442, and the design of the discharging machine 440 can further increase the smoothness of pressing operation.

In the specific operation:

the material firstly enters a feeding hopper 412, passes through a feeding auger 411 of a spiral feeder 410 and enters a squeezing bin 420 through a squeezing feeding hole 421. Since the press discharge port 422 of the press bin 420 is blocked by the sealing end 439, the pressure in the press bin 420 gradually rises under the continuous operation of the feeding auger 411. The material is gradually compressed along the slope of the pressing bin 420. Excess moisture in the material exits the press apparatus under gravity along the drain holes 413.

When the pressure in the squeezing cabin 420 gradually rises, the sealing end 439 can push the sealing plate 431, the acting force of the sealing plate is transmitted to the driving cylinder 435 through the transmission rod 433 and the piston rod 434, and the cylinder body of the driving cylinder 435 can overcome the elastic force of the compression spring 436 after being stressed and is close to the phase plate 400 on the guide rail 437. When the material moves to a certain distance, the mechanical switch 438 is triggered to drive the air cylinder 435 to work to open the sealing plate 431, and the compressed material enters the discharge hopper 441 under the thrust of the discharge auger 411 and is conveyed to the discharge conduit 443 through the discharge auger 442.

In this embodiment, the piston rod of the driving cylinder 435 may be reset by manual control or delay control, and when the sealing plate 431 is opened for 10 to 30 seconds (set as necessary), the driving cylinder 435 is operated again to close the sealing plate 431. The delay control can utilize the existing delayer to control the reset of the driving cylinder.

The piston rod reset of drive cylinder 435 may optionally be controlled by pressure sensing. For example, a pressure sensor is provided in the press chamber 420, and the driving cylinder is controlled by a signal of the pressure sensor to close the sealing plate. The light material leaves the recovery system after passing through the squeezing device, and the light material with the compressed volume is convenient to stack and intensively process.

The invention exemplarily gives out concrete arrangement of various devices for each process, and realizes energy-saving, environment-friendly, stable and efficient recovery operation of the whole recovery system. The screening device firstly screens large-diameter materials by adding a pre-screening drum, so that the service life of a screening box is prolonged; the magnetic separation device levels the materials through the pressure blocking mechanism and the monitoring mechanism to protect the magnetic separation conveyor belt; the flotation device realizes the recycling of flotation water through the water treatment sub-device; the squeezing device reduces the accumulation of squeezing materials and improves the working efficiency by optimizing the shape and the working mode of the squeezing bin. The construction waste recycling system provided by the invention is energy-saving and environment-friendly, can continuously and efficiently carry out recycling operation, and carries out secondary utilization on resources.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes will occur to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A construction waste recovery system comprising:

the crushing device is used for crushing the coarse building garbage into fine materials;

the flotation device is used for carrying out flotation on the fine materials subjected to the magnetic separation and impurity removal to obtain light materials and heavy materials;

the screening device is used for screening the heavy materials according to the particle size;

the squeezing device is used for squeezing the light material;

it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,

the screening device comprises a screening base, a horizontal type screening box and a driving device, wherein the horizontal type screening box is rotatably installed on the screening base, the driving device is linked with the screening box, the screening box is of a cylindrical structure, one end of the screening box is a screening material inlet, the other end of the screening box is a screening material outlet, the screening box is sequentially divided into a plurality of screening sections from the screening material inlet to the screening material outlet, the pore diameters of sieve pores of the screening sections are increased progressively, a pre-screening barrel is arranged in the screening box, and the screening device is provided with a feeding pipe;

the pre-screening cylinder also comprises a blocking part which is arranged between the pre-screening section and the leading-out section and is used for guiding materials to the pre-screening section, the blocking part is an annular baffle plate arranged between the pre-screening section and the leading-out section, and the height of the annular baffle plate is greater than or equal to the caliber of the pre-screening hole in the radial direction of the screen box;

the blocking mechanism comprises:

the pressing rack is arranged on two sides of the material conveying belt and fixed on the magnetic separation base;

The pressing and blocking piece is arranged on the pressing and blocking rack, and one side, facing the material conveying belt, of the pressing and blocking piece is a working surface used for pressing materials to the material conveying belt;

the pre-screening section of the screening device is in a cone shape, one side of a small head of the pre-screening section faces one side of a screening discharge port of the screening box, a conical surface bus of the cone shape and the side wall of the screening box form a pre-screening angle, and the pre-screening angle is 5-30 degrees;

the lead-out section of the screening device is in a circular truncated cone shape, one side of a small end of the lead-out section is in butt joint with the pre-screening section, a lead-out angle is formed by a conical surface bus of the circular truncated cone shape and the side wall of the screening box, and the lead-out angle is 30-60 degrees.

2. The construction waste recovery system according to claim 1, wherein the flotation device comprises a flotation tank and a water treatment sub-device matched with the flotation tank, the water treatment sub-device comprises a plurality of treatment units which are sequentially arranged, each treatment unit comprises a sedimentation tank and a biochemical tank, in each treatment unit, the periphery of the biochemical tank is an inner ring circular dike, the sedimentation tank is annular and is wound around the periphery of the inner ring circular dike, and an outer ring circular dike is arranged on the periphery of the sedimentation tank;

3. The construction waste recovery system according to claim 1, wherein the pressing device comprises a pressing base, a pressing bin fixed on the pressing base, and a spiral feeder communicated with the pressing bin, two sides of the pressing bin are respectively a pressing discharge port and a pressing feed port communicated with the spiral feeder, and an inner space of the pressing bin is gradually reduced from the pressing feed port to the pressing discharge port;

4. The construction waste recycling system according to claim 1, wherein the pressing stop member of the magnetic separation device is a pressing plate fixed above the material conveying belt, and the distance between the working surface of the pressing plate and the material conveying belt is gradually reduced along the running direction of the material conveying belt; the pressure blocking mechanism further comprises an adjuster arranged on the pressure blocking frame and used for adjusting the distance between the working surface of the pressure plate and the material conveying belt.

5. The construction waste recycling system according to claim 1, wherein the magnetic separation device is further provided with a monitoring mechanism in the material conveying direction, and the monitoring mechanism is located between the blocking mechanism and the magnetic separation conveyor belt and comprises:

the detection plate is arranged on the monitoring rack in a sliding mode and is tilted upwards on one side facing the material conveying direction;

6. The construction waste recycling system according to claim 2, wherein a water pump and a control valve are respectively arranged on the main drain pipe, the main water supply pipe, the branch drain pipe, the branch water supply pipe, the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe of the flotation device.

7. The construction waste recycling system according to claim 2, wherein the biochemical tank of the flotation device is rectangular, and the inner ring embankment, the sedimentation tank and the outer ring embankment are rectangular rings.

8. The construction waste recycling system according to claim 3, wherein the pressing bin of the pressing device is in a frustum shape or a frustum of a pyramid shape, the side with smaller area of the upper table top and the lower table top is the pressing discharge port, and the pressing discharge port is communicated with the side with larger area of the upper table top and the lower table top.