CN107098787A - 一种环状烯炔类化合物及其合成方法 - Google Patents

一种环状烯炔类化合物及其合成方法 Download PDF

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CN107098787A
CN107098787A CN201710213637.2A CN201710213637A CN107098787A CN 107098787 A CN107098787 A CN 107098787A CN 201710213637 A CN201710213637 A CN 201710213637A CN 107098787 A CN107098787 A CN 107098787A
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王龙
刘明国
朝飞
黄年玉
李德江
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China Three Gorges University CTGU
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种环状烯炔类化合物及其制备方法,化学结构式为:

Description

一种环状烯炔类化合物及其合成方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种环状烯炔类化合物,以及其合成方法。
背景技术
在天然存在或人工合成的有机物中,广泛存在着多样结构的环状骨架单元,如单环(碳环、杂环)、多环(并环、桥环、螺环等)等,特别是在一些药物分子或某些具有特殊药理活性的天然产物中,普遍含有碳环(杂环)等多种复杂环系结构。而环状烯炔化合物更是有机合成及新药研究领域中一类重要的合成中间体。在众多的烯炔类化合物中,环状烯炔是一种用途极广的烯炔类化合物,不仅因为产物自身结构中的多反应位点,而且环烯基团极大地增加了其自身反应的多样性,扩大了其作为有机“合成子”的应用范围,尤其是在稠环类化合物的合成中具有广泛的应用性。但现有的环状烯炔合成方法中普遍存在着工艺复杂,原子利用率低等问题。基于此,本发明引入了一种路易斯酸催化合成环状烯炔化合物的方法,针对先前的问题进行了优化。
本发明的主要目的在于提供一种环状烯炔化合物及其合成方法。
本发明的技术方案如下:
一种环状烯炔化合物,所述化合物化学结构式为:
其中,取代基R苯基或对甲基苯基或异己基或正庚基中的任意一种,环为五元环或六元环。取代基位置、个数以及共轭位置不固定。
合成所述的的方法,所述方法包括以下合成路径:
所述方法包括以下步骤:
(1)氮气保护下,在反应器中依次加入化合物1,THF,搅拌使其溶解之后,降温至-80~0℃(优选为-78℃),滴加n-BuLi,并在此温度下反应0.5h,之后移至室温下继续反应0.5h,反应液为淡黄色液体;
(2)再次将反应液移至-80~0℃(优选为-78℃)的液氮环境中,滴加加入取代环戊酮或取代环己酮,继续反应3-4h得炔醇溶液2;
(3)在反应器中分两次加入甲苯作溶剂,用注射器分多次加入炔醇溶液7,搅拌使其充分溶解后滴加入p-TsOH,于50-70℃(优选为60℃)下搅拌24小时,冷凝回流,TLC监测,反应完毕后,减压除去溶剂甲苯,剩余物经硅胶柱进行柱层析分离,反应产物用薄层层析测定出新物质的生成,得到目标化合物3。
完成链状烯炔化合物的合成
所述步骤(1),(2)化合物1与THF与n-BuLi以及取代环戊酮或取代环己酮等衍生物的投料摩尔比为3:2-3:1-2(优选为3:2.2:1.8)。改变投料比,化合物2的收率会有较大提高;投料比的范围较大,有利于精细化学品的生产。
所述步骤(1)反应时间1小时。少于1小时则反应不完全,多于1.5小时则副产物增多。
所述步骤(2)反应温度为-78℃,在此反应温度下有利于反应平稳进行,减少副产物生成。
所述步骤(3)化合物2与p-TsOH的投料摩尔比为2:1。
所述步骤(3)反应温度为60℃,反应时间24小时。
本发明有益效果如下:
1、本发明首次设计了以一种路易斯酸直接催化合成一系列环状烯炔化合物的合成路线。该方法产率高,副产物少,有较高的使用价值。
2、本发明合成一类环状烯炔化合物,提供了一种制备成本低、操作简单且反应效率高的合成新方法。
3、本发明合成了一类环状烯炔化合物,此类化合物在作为抗生素以及抗癌药物的重要组成部分方面有较广泛的研究与应用。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例来进一步说明本发明,但本发明要求保护的范围并不局限于实施例表述的范围。
仪器及试剂:
SHZ-E型循环水式真空泵(上海荣亚生化学仪器厂);DZE-6120型真空干燥箱(上海恒天科学仪器制造公司);WRS-1A数字熔点仪(上海索光光电技术有限公司);EB2005A电子天平;ZF-I型三用紫外分析仪;DE-102J集热式恒温加热磁力搅拌器(巩义市华发化学仪器厂);DFX-5L/30低温恒温反应浴(无锡市百川仪器厂);2YZ-4A型旋片式真空油泵(临海市永昊真空设备厂)。苯乙炔(AR),对甲苯磺酸(AR),叔丁基锂(AR),环戊酮(AR),环己酮(AR),石油醚(60℃-90℃),四氢呋喃(AR),乙酸乙酯(AR),甲苯(AR),工业用氮气(AR)。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例来进一步说明本发明,但本发明要求保护的范围并不局限于实施例表述的范围。
仪器及试剂:
熔点用X4型熔点仪(北京第三光学仪器厂生产)测定,温度计未经校正;1HNMR和13CNMR用VarianMercury400型400MHz核磁共振仪或者VarianMercury 600型600MHz核磁共振仪测定,氘代氯仿(CDCl3)或者氘代二甲亚砜(DMSO-d6)为溶剂,TMS为内标;MS使用FinniganTrace质谱仪测定;元素分析使用Vario ELIII元素分析仪测定;所用试剂为国产(或进口)化学纯或分析纯。溶剂二氯甲烷是干燥过的。
实施例1
一种合成(cyclohex-1-en-1-ylethynyl)benzene的方法,包括以下实验步骤:
氮气保护下,在反应器中依次加入苯乙炔1a(0.0306g,0.3mmol,1.5eqv.),THF(10mL),搅拌使其溶解之后,降温至-78℃,用注射器滴加n-BuLi(0.0141g,0.22mmol,1.1eqv.),并在此温度下反应0.5h,之后移至室温下继续反应0.5h,反应液为淡黄色液体;再次将反应液移至-78℃的液氮环境中,用注射器缓慢加入环己酮(0.0176g,0.18mmol,0.9eqv.),继续反应3h,得到炔醇2a;在10ml反应器中分两次加入3ml甲苯作溶剂,用注射器分多次加入炔醇2a(0.0190g,0.1mmol,0.5eqv)。搅拌使其充分溶解后用注射器加入0.0086g(0.05mmol,0.25eqv)p-TsOH,于60℃下搅拌24小时,冷凝回流。TLC监测,反应完毕后,减压除去溶剂甲苯,剩余物经硅胶柱进行柱层析分离(洗脱剂:V乙酸乙酯/V石油醚=1:80),反应产物用薄层层析测定出新物质的生成,最终以69.11%的收率的到了目标化合物3a。
产率:69.11%
3a:(cyclohex-1-en-1-ylethynyl)benzene.
Colourless Oil;1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ(ppm):7.31-7.44(m,2H,Ar-H),7.27-7.31(m,3H,Ar-H),6.19-6.22(m,1H,=CH),2.15-2.24(m,2H,-CH2),2.11-2.15(m,2H,-CH2),1.60-1.71(m,4H,-CH2).13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ(ppm):135.14,131.40,128.18,127.68,123.73,120.70,91.22,86.73,29.21,25.74,22.32,21.50.
实施例2
一种合成(cyclopent-1-en-1-ylethynyl)benzene的方法,包括以下实验步骤:
氮气保护下,在反应器中依次加入苯乙炔1a(0.0306g,0.3mmol,1.5eqv.),THF(10mL),搅拌使其溶解之后,降温至-78℃,用注射器滴加n-BuLi(0.0141g,0.22mmol,1.1eqv.),并在此温度下反应0.5h,之后移至室温下继续反应0.5h,反应液为淡黄色液体;再次将反应液移至-78℃的液氮环境中,用注射器缓慢加入环戊酮(0.0151g,0.18mmol,0.9eqv.),继续反应3h,得到炔醇2b;在10ml反应器中分两次加入3ml甲苯作溶剂,用注射器分多次加入炔醇2b(0.0176g,0.2mmol,0.5eqv)。搅拌使其充分溶解后用注射器加入0.0086g(0.05mmol,0.25eqv)p-TsOH,于60℃下搅拌24小时,冷凝回流。TLC监测,反应完毕后,减压除去溶剂甲苯,剩余物经硅胶柱进行柱层析分离,反应产物用薄层层析测定出新物质的生成,最终以70.02%的收率的到了目标化合物3b。
产率:70.02%
3b:(cyclopent-1-en-1-ylethynyl)benzene.
Colourless Oil;1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ(ppm):7.42-7.45(m,2H,Ar-H),7.25-7.32(m,3H,Ar-H),6.13-6.15(m,1H,=CH),2,52-2.58(m,2H,-CH2),2.44-2.50(m,2H,-CH2),1.91-1.98(m,2H,-CH2).13CNMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ(ppm):138.12,131.44,128.22,127.91,124.52,123.53,90.41,86.74,36.43,33.34,23.35.
实施例3
一种合成1-(cyclopent-1-en-1-ylethynyl)-4-methylbenzene的方法,包括以下实验步骤:
氮气保护下,在反应器中依次加入对甲基苯乙炔1b(0.0348g,0.3mmol,1.5eqv.),THF(10mL),搅拌使其溶解之后,降温至-78℃,用注射器滴加n-BuLi(0.0141g,0.22mmol,1.1eqv.),并在此温度下反应0.5h,之后移至室温下继续反应0.5h,反应液为淡黄色液体;再次将反应液移至-78℃的液氮环境中,用注射器缓慢加入环戊酮(0.0151g,0.18mmol,0.9eqv.),继续反应3h,得到炔醇2c;在10ml反应器中分两次加入3ml甲苯作溶剂,用注射器分多次加入炔醇2c(0.0190g,0.1mmol,0.5eqv)。搅拌使其充分溶解后用注射器加入0.0086g(0.05mmol,0.25eqv)p-TsOH,于60℃下搅拌24小时,冷凝回流。TLC监测,反应完毕后,减压除去溶剂甲苯,剩余物经硅胶柱进行柱层析分离,反应产物用薄层层析测定出新物质的生成,最终以66.67%的收率的到了目标化合物3c。
产率:66.67%
3c:1-(cyclopent-1-en-1-ylethynyl)-4-methylbenzene.
White Solid,mp 88-90℃;1HNMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ(ppm):7.32-7.34(d,J=8.0Hz,2H,Ar-H),7.09-7.11(d,J=8.0Hz,1H,Ar-H),6.48-6.53(m,1H,=CH),2.51-2.56(m,2H,-CH2),2.44-2.49(m,2H,-CH2),2.34(s,3H,-CH3),1.90-1.97(m,2H,-CH2).13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ(ppm):137.99,137.70,131.32,128.99,124.62,120.41,90.55,86.03,36.45,33.34,23.35,21.44.
实施例4
一种合成1-(6-methylhept-1-yn-1-yl)cyclopent-1-ene的方法,包括以下实验步骤:
氮气保护下,在反应器中依次加入异己基乙炔1d(0.0331g,0.3mmol,1.5eqv.),THF(10mL),搅拌使其溶解之后,降温至-78℃,用注射器滴加n-BuLi(0.0141g,0.22mmol,1.1eqv.),并在此温度下反应0.5h,之后移至室温下继续反应0.5h,反应液为淡黄色液体;再次将反应液移至-78℃的液氮环境中,用注射器缓慢加入环戊酮(0.0151g,0.18mmol,0.9eqv.),继续反应3h,得到炔醇2d;在10ml反应器中分两次加入3ml甲苯作溶剂,用注射器分多次加入炔醇2d(0.0194g,0.1mmol,0.5eqv)。搅拌使其充分溶解后用注射器加入0.0086g(0.05mmol,0.25eqv)p-TsOH,于60℃下搅拌24小时,冷凝回流。TLC监测,反应完毕后,减压除去溶剂甲苯,剩余物经硅胶柱进行柱层析分离,反应产物用薄层层析测定出新物质的生成,最终以61.32%的收率的到了目标化合物3d。
产率:61.32%
元素分析:实测值 C% 88.93 H% 11.07
计算值 C% 88.57 H% 11.43
1H NMR(CDCl3,400MHz)δ(ppm)6.45-6.36(m,1H,=CH),2.68-0.87(m,19H,CH,6CH2,2CH3).
HRMS Calculatedfor[C13H20+H]+:177.1643,Found:177.1617.
实施例5
一种合成1-(non-1-yn-1-yl)cyclohex-1-ene的方法,包括以下实验步骤:
氮气保护下,在反应器中依次加入正庚基乙炔1e(0.0372g,0.3mmol,1.5eqv.),THF(10mL),搅拌使其溶解之后,降温至-78℃,用注射器滴加n-BuLi(0.0141g,0.22mmol,1.1eqv.),并在此温度下反应0.5h,之后移至室温下继续反应0.5h,反应液为淡黄色液体;再次将反应液移至-78℃的液氮环境中,用注射器缓慢加入环己酮(0.0176g,0.18mmol,0.9eqv.),继续反应3h,得到炔醇2e;在10ml反应器中分两次加入3ml甲苯作溶剂,用注射器分多次加入炔醇2e(0.0222g,0.1mmol,0.5eqv)。搅拌使其充分溶解后用注射器加入0.0086g(0.05mmol,0.25eqv)p-TsOH,于60℃下搅拌24小时,冷凝回流。TLC监测,反应完毕后,减压除去溶剂甲苯,剩余物经硅胶柱进行柱层析分离,反应产物用薄层层析测定出新物质的生成,最终以57.16%的收率的到了目标化合物3e。
产率:57.16%
元素分析:实测值 C% 88.53 H% 11.47
计算值 C% 88.16 H% 11.84
1H NMR(CDCl3,400MHz)δ(ppm)6.53-6.39(m,1H,=CH),2.63-0.84(m,23H,10CH2,1CH3).
HRMS Calculatedfor[C15H24+H]+:205.1956,Found:205.1925.
本发明的环状烯炔类化合物作为抗生素以及抗癌药物的重要组成部分方面有较广泛的研究与应用。作为有机合成的重要合成子具有广泛的用途,例如:在有机合成中可以发生重要的加成反应、环化反应、偶联反应等重要的反应合成各种目标化合物。

Claims (7)

1.一种环状烯炔类化合物,其特征在于,所述环状烯炔类化合物的化学结构式为:
其中,取代基R为苯基或对甲基苯基或异己基或正庚基中的任意一种,环为五元环或六元环;取代基位置、个数以及共轭位置不固定。
2.合成权利要求1所述的环状烯炔类化合物的方法,其特征在于,所述方法包括以下合成路径:
所述方法包括以下步骤:
(1)在氮气保护下,向反应器中依次加入化合物1,THF,搅拌使其溶解之后,降温至-80~0℃,滴加n-BuLi,并在此温度下反应0.5h,之后移至室温下继续反应0.5h,反应液为淡黄色液体;
(2)再次将反应液移至-80~0℃的液氮环境中,滴加加入取代环戊酮或取代环己酮等衍生物,继续反应3-4h得炔醇溶液2;
(3)在反应器中分两次加入甲苯作溶剂,用注射器分多次加入炔醇溶液2,搅拌使其充分溶解后滴加入p-TsOH,于50-70℃下搅拌20-28小时,冷凝回流,TLC监测,反应完毕后,减压除去溶剂甲苯,剩余物经硅胶柱进行柱层析分离,反应产物用薄层层析测定出新物质的生成,得到目标化合物3,完成环状烯炔类化合物的合成。
3.根据权利要求2所述的方法,其特征在于:所述步骤(1)中化合物1、n-BuLi以、取代环戊酮或取代环己酮等衍生物的投料摩尔比为3:2.2:1.8。
4.根据权利要求2所述的方法,其特征在于:所述步骤(1)、(2)反应温度为-78℃。
5.根据权利要求2所述的方法,其特征在于:所述步骤(3)炔醇溶液2与p-TsOH的投料摩尔比为2:0.5-1。
6.根据权利要求2所述的方法,其特征在于:所述步骤(3)反应温度为60℃,反应时间24小时。
7.根据权利要求2所述的方法,其特征在于:所述步骤(3)所述的洗脱剂为V乙酸乙酯/V 石油醚=1:80的混合溶液。
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