CN107086344B - Coupling slot orthogonal mode coupler - Google Patents
Coupling slot orthogonal mode coupler Download PDFInfo
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- CN107086344B CN107086344B CN201710044827.6A CN201710044827A CN107086344B CN 107086344 B CN107086344 B CN 107086344B CN 201710044827 A CN201710044827 A CN 201710044827A CN 107086344 B CN107086344 B CN 107086344B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P5/00—Coupling devices of the waveguide type
- H01P5/12—Coupling devices having more than two ports
- H01P5/16—Conjugate devices, i.e. devices having at least one port decoupled from one other port
Abstract
The invention discloses an orthogonal mode coupler with a coupling slot, and aims to provide an orthogonal mode coupler which is simple in structure, capable of reducing the longitudinal size and high in isolation. The invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a coupling gap (31) is formed between the bottom of the square waveguide cavity (1) and the bottom coupling structure (3), a single-mode transmission waveguide (32) is formed on the outer side wall of the bottom coupling structure, and a vertical plane electromagnetic wave mode (42) in an orthogonal polarization mode is coupled and transmitted between the square waveguide cavity and the single-mode transmission waveguide through the coupling gap; the side arm of the side wall coupling structure (2) is combined with the coupling gap (21) and is parallel to the side wall of the square waveguide cavity, the horizontal plane of the flat waveguide (22) is perpendicular to the upper end of the side wall coupling structure through the reverse crank (23), and the horizontal plane electromagnetic wave mode (41) in the orthogonal polarization mode realizes the coupling transmission between the square waveguide cavity and the flat waveguide through the coupling gap (21). The invention is suitable for the feed structure of the ultra-low section dual-polarized waveguide array antenna.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to an orthogonal mode converter which is widely used in satellite communication, radar systems and radio astronomy. The novel orthogonal mode coupler based on slot coupling is particularly suitable for dual-polarization waveguide array antennas and is used as a feed structure of a dual-polarization radiation antenna unit.
Background
An orthogonal mode coupler, also called an orthogonal mode transducer, is a microwave element used to separate or mix two mutually orthogonal polarized waves. The orthogonal mode coupler separates two orthogonal main modes on a common port, so that the two orthogonal main modes are separated and supplied to a single port. The orthogonal mode is divided into two horizontal and vertical fundamental modes, and each of the two fundamental modes accounts for half of the total energy. The main function of the orthogonal mode coupler is to synthesize or separate two orthogonal modes, and the orthogonal mode coupler is widely used in satellite communication, radar systems and radio antennae and serves as an important component of a dual-polarized antenna feed structure. The dual-polarized waveguide array antenna widely applied to electronic systems such as satellite communication and radar is formed by a plurality of dual-polarized radiation array arrays, and the orthogonal mode coupler is a key device for realizing dual-polarized work of an antenna feed source system in the dual-polarized waveguide array antenna. Each dual-polarized array element adopts a single orthogonal mode coupler for feeding, and all the orthogonal mode couplers are connected and integrated through a waveguide power division network.
The orthogonal mode coupler adopted in the existing dual-polarized waveguide flat plate array antenna is generally a traditional tapered branch orthogonal mode coupler which has good electrical performance, but due to the characteristics of the structure, the longitudinal size is larger, two polarized electromagnetic wave components are coupled or gradually transited to two E-plane waveguides, namely rectangular waveguides which are longitudinally arranged, and the capability of further reducing the longitudinal size of the antenna is also limited theoretically. Electronic systems have increasingly high requirements for the size and weight of antennas. Because some electronic systems have limited installation space, the volume and weight of the antenna are decisive indexes, and the thickness of the dual-polarization waveguide array antenna based on the traditional orthogonal mode coupler is too thick to be suitable for the systems.
The invention provides a novel orthogonal mode coupler based on gap coupling, which is characterized in that a coupling structure is arranged on the side wall and the bottom of a square waveguide cavity, two orthogonal modes transmitted in the square waveguide cavity are respectively coupled and transmitted to two flat waveguides which are transversely arranged, the novel orthogonal mode coupler has the advantages of greatly reduced longitudinal size and simple and compact structure, and is particularly suitable for a dual-polarized waveguide array antenna pursuing an extremely low profile.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to reduce weight, transmission loss and polarization isolation, a waveguide interface is adopted for a transmission feeder. Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides the orthogonal mode coupler which has a simple structure, can reduce the longitudinal size and has high isolation and is particularly suitable for an ultra-low section dual-polarized waveguide array antenna.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problem is as follows: a coupling slot orthogonal mode coupler comprises a square waveguide cavity (1) formed by a rectangular cube, a side wall coupling structure 2 of two orthogonal polarization modes, a bottom coupling structure 3 positioned at the lower end of the rectangular cube and a flat waveguide 22, and is characterized in that: a coupling gap 31 is formed between the bottom of the square waveguide cavity 1 and the bottom coupling structure 3, a single-mode transmission waveguide 32 is formed on the outer side wall of the bottom coupling structure 3, and a vertical plane electromagnetic wave mode 42 in an orthogonal polarization mode is coupled and transmitted between the square waveguide cavity 1 and the single-mode transmission waveguide 32 through the coupling gap 31; the side arm of the side wall coupling structure 2 is parallel to the side wall of the square waveguide cavity 1 in combination with the coupling gap 21, the horizontal plane of the flat waveguide 22 is perpendicular to the upper end of the side wall coupling structure 2 through the inverted crank 23, and the horizontal plane electromagnetic wave mode 41 in the orthogonal polarization mode realizes the coupling transmission between the square waveguide cavity (1) and the flat waveguide (22) through the coupling gap 21.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the structure is simple. The invention adopts the bottom coupling structure arranged on the side wall and the bottom of the square waveguide cavity 1, and couples and transmits two orthogonal electromagnetic wave modes, namely a horizontal plane electromagnetic wave mode 41 and a vertical plane electromagnetic wave mode 42 transmitted in the square waveguide cavity 1 to the two flat waveguides 22 and the transmission waveguide 32 which are transversely arranged, thereby having the advantages of greatly reduced longitudinal size, simple and compact structure and easy processing.
The longitudinal dimension can be reduced. In the invention, the flat waveguide 22 of the side wall coupling structure 2 is transformed into an H-plane waveguide, namely a transverse discharge waveguide, through the E-plane reverse bend 23 matched with the step, the transmission waveguide 32 of the bottom coupling structure 3 is naturally the H-plane waveguide, the H-plane waveguide occupies small longitudinal space and can adopt a laminated arrangement mode when designing a power distribution network, and the invention has the advantages of being beneficial to power distribution network layout and reducing the longitudinal size of an antenna. The single-mode waveguide adopts a standard rectangular waveguide to enable the arrangement and connection of the feed source system to be more compact and reasonable.
The isolation is high. According to the invention, a vertical side wall coupling gap 21 and a bottom coupling gap 31 are arranged on the central line of the side surface and the bottom surface of a square wave cavity 1, an orthogonal mode coupler (OMT) is formed by a section of square waveguide and two sections of standard rectangular waveguides vertical to the section of square waveguide, the square waveguide is used as a common waveguide for transmitting two types of orthogonal polarized waves, and the two rectangular waveguides are respectively used as single-mode waveguides for transmitting the two types of polarized waves. Physical isolation between the two orthogonal modes 41, 42 is theoretically guaranteed, and therefore, the isolation between the two orthogonal modes is very high.
The invention is particularly suitable for an extremely-low-profile dual-polarized waveguide array antenna as a feed structure of a dual-polarized radiation antenna unit.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a perspective structural schematic diagram of a coupling slot orthomode coupler of the present invention.
In the figure: the waveguide structure comprises a 1-square waveguide cavity, a 2-side wall coupling structure, a 3-bottom coupling structure, a 21-vertical-surface side wall coupling gap, a 22-flat waveguide, a 23-waveguide E-surface inverted bend, a 31-bottom coupling gap, a 32-transmission waveguide, a 41-horizontal-plane electromagnetic wave mode and a 42-vertical-plane electromagnetic wave mode.
Detailed Description
See fig. 1. In one embodiment described below, a coupling slot orthomode coupler comprises a rectangular cuboid square waveguide cavity 1, two orthogonally polarized mode sidewall coupling structures 2, a bottom coupling structure 3 at the lower end of the rectangular cuboid, and a flat waveguide 22, wherein: a coupling gap 31 is formed between the bottom of the square waveguide cavity 1 and the bottom coupling structure 3, a single-mode transmission waveguide 32 is formed on the outer side wall of the bottom coupling structure 3, and a vertical plane electromagnetic wave mode 42 in an orthogonal polarization mode is coupled and transmitted between the square waveguide cavity 1 and the single-mode transmission waveguide 32 through the coupling gap 31; the side arm of the side wall coupling structure 2 is combined with the coupling slot 21 and is parallel to the side wall slot of the square waveguide cavity 1, the horizontal plane of the flat waveguide 22 is perpendicular to the upper end of the side wall coupling structure 2 through the reverse crank 23, the horizontal plane electromagnetic wave mode 41 in the orthogonal polarization mode realizes the coupling transmission between the square waveguide cavity 1 and the flat waveguide 22 through the coupling slot 21, and the two orthogonal modes of the horizontal plane electromagnetic wave mode 41 and the vertical plane electromagnetic wave mode 42 are physically isolated.
The square waveguide cavity 1 is a section of square waveguide for transmitting two orthogonal modes of a horizontal plane electromagnetic wave mode 41 and a vertical plane electromagnetic wave mode 42, and the top end of the square waveguide cavity can be connected to a horn antenna or other antennas to excite the antenna, so that a dual-polarized antenna unit is formed. The side wall and the bottom of the square waveguide are respectively provided with a side wall coupling structure 2 and a bottom coupling structure 3 of a horizontal plane electromagnetic wave mode 41 and a vertical plane electromagnetic wave mode 42 in two orthogonal modes. The side wall coupling structure 2 is positioned on the side wall of the square waveguide cavity 1 and comprises a vertical side wall coupling gap 21 and a flat waveguide 22, and the vertical side wall coupling gap 21 is used for realizing the coupling transmission of the horizontal plane electromagnetic wave mode 41 between the square waveguide cavity 1 and the flat waveguide 22. The bottom coupling structure 3 is located at the bottom of the square waveguide cavity 1 and comprises a bottom coupling slot 31 and a transmission waveguide 32, and the coupling transmission of the vertical plane electromagnetic wave mode 42 between the square waveguide cavity 1 and the transmission waveguide 32 is realized through the bottom coupling slot 31. The vertical side wall coupling gap 21 and the bottom coupling gap 31 are both arranged on the central line of the side surface and the bottom surface of the square wave cavity 1, two orthogonal modes of a horizontal plane electromagnetic wave mode 41 and a vertical plane electromagnetic wave mode 42 are isolated, and high isolation of the two orthogonal modes can be realized.
The side wall coupling structure 2 is used for coupling and transmitting a horizontal plane electromagnetic wave mode 41 in the square waveguide cavity 1 and comprises a vertical plane side wall coupling gap 21 and a flat waveguide 22, wherein the vertical plane side wall coupling gap 21 is arranged on a side wall central line of the square waveguide cavity 1, current excited by the horizontal plane electromagnetic wave mode 41 on the side wall of the square waveguide cavity flows to the vertical plane side wall coupling gap 21, the vertical plane side wall coupling gap 21 plays a cutting role on the current, so that the vertical plane side wall coupling gap 21 can be used for coupling the horizontal plane electromagnetic wave mode 41 from the square waveguide cavity, meanwhile, the vertical plane side wall coupling gap 21 deviates from a wide side surface central line on the wide side surface of the flat waveguide 22, the vertical plane side wall coupling gap 21 cuts transverse current on the wide side surface, the cutting current intensity is zero on the wide side surface central line of the flat waveguide 22, and is increased along with the increase of the deviation of the central line, the vertical plane side wall coupling gap 21 deviating from the wide side surface central line can be used for, thereby realizing the coupling transmission of the electromagnetic mode horizontal plane electromagnetic wave mode 41 between the square waveguide cavity 1 and the flat waveguide 22.
The bottom coupling structure 3 couples and transmits the vertical plane electromagnetic wave mode 42 in the square waveguide cavity 1, which comprises a bottom coupling slot 31 and a transmission waveguide 32, wherein the bottom coupling slot 31 is arranged on the bottom central line of the square waveguide cavity 1, the current excited by the vertical electromagnetic wave mode 42 at the bottom of the square waveguide cavity flows to the bottom coupling slot 31, the bottom coupling slot 31 cuts the current, so that the bottom coupling slot 31 can couple the vertical plane electromagnetic wave mode 42 from the square wave cavity, meanwhile, the bottom coupling slot 31 is arranged on the wide side surface of the transmission waveguide 32 and deviates from the central line of the wide side surface, the bottom coupling slot 31 cuts the transverse current on the wide side surface of the transmission waveguide 32, the cutting current strength is zero on the central line of the wide side surface of the transmission waveguide 32, and the bottom coupling slot 31 deviating from the central line of the wide side surface can couple energy from the transmission waveguide 32 with the increasing deviation amount of the central line, thereby realizing the coupling transmission of the electromagnetic mode 42 between the square waveguide cavity 1 and the transmission waveguide 32.
The flat waveguide 22 in the bottom coupling structure 2 adopts a waveguide E-face reverse turn matched with a step to transform a waveguide outlet into an H-face waveguide, the transmission waveguides 32 of the bottom coupling structure 3 are natural H-face waveguides, and the H-face waveguide outlet structure is beneficial to the design and arrangement of a power distribution network.
The vertical side wall coupling gap 21 and the bottom coupling gap 31 are respectively arranged on the central lines of the side wall and the bottom of the square waveguide cavity, so that the physical isolation between the two coupling structures is ensured theoretically, and the very high polarization isolation degree can be realized.
Claims (6)
1. A coupling slot orthogonal mode coupler comprises a square waveguide cavity (1) formed by a rectangular cube, a side wall coupling structure positioned on one side wall of the square waveguide cavity (1) and used for coupling a horizontal plane electromagnetic wave mode, and a bottom coupling structure positioned on the bottom surface of the square waveguide cavity and used for coupling a vertical plane electromagnetic wave mode; the side wall coupling structure comprises a vertical side wall coupling gap (21) and a flat waveguide (22), the vertical side wall coupling gap (21) is positioned between the flat waveguide (22) and the square waveguide cavity, a horizontal electromagnetic wave mode is realized through the vertical side wall coupling gap (21), coupling propagation is realized between the square waveguide cavity and the flat waveguide (22), and the plane with the largest area of the flat waveguide (22) is arranged in parallel with the side wall of the square waveguide cavity; the bottom coupling structure comprises a bottom coupling gap and a single-mode transmission waveguide, the bottom coupling gap is positioned between the single-mode transmission waveguide and the square waveguide cavity, and the coupling transmission of the vertical electromagnetic wave mode between the square waveguide cavity and the single-mode transmission waveguide is realized through the bottom coupling gap; the method is characterized in that: the upper end face of the flat waveguide (22) forms a waveguide part vertical to the side wall of the square waveguide cavity through a waveguide E-face reverse crank (23) to realize the conversion of a waveguide port, and a horizontal plane electromagnetic wave mode is coupled and transmitted through the waveguide part; the top end of the square waveguide cavity (1) is connected with a horn antenna or other antennas to excite the antenna to form a dual-polarized antenna unit, the square waveguide cavity (1) and two waveguides outside the two walls form an orthogonal mode coupler OMT, the OMT square waveguide cavity is used as a common waveguide for transmitting two orthogonal polarized waves, and a side wall coupling structure and a bottom coupling structure are respectively used as single-mode waveguides for transmitting the two polarized waves; a vertical plane electromagnetic wave mode (42) in the orthogonal polarization mode is coupled and transmitted between the square waveguide cavity (1) and the single-mode transmission waveguide (32) through the bottom coupling gap (31); the horizontal plane electromagnetic wave mode (41) in the orthogonal polarization mode flows to the vertical plane side wall coupling gap (21) through the current excited by the side wall of the square waveguide cavity (1), the vertical plane side wall coupling gap (21) plays a cutting role on the current, so that the vertical plane side wall coupling gap (21) is coupled with the horizontal plane electromagnetic wave mode (41) from the square waveguide cavity (1), meanwhile, the vertical side wall coupling slot (21) deviates from the center line of the wide side surface on the wide side surface of the flat waveguide (22), the vertical side wall coupling slot (21) cuts the transverse current on the wide side surface, the cutting current intensity is zero on the center line of the wide side surface of the flat waveguide (22), and increases with increasing offset from the centerline, the vertical sidewall coupling slot (21) from the broad-sided centerline couples energy from the flat waveguide (22), thereby realizing the coupling transmission of the electromagnetic mode horizontal plane electromagnetic wave mode (41) between the square waveguide cavity (1) and the flat waveguide (22).
2. The coupling slot quadrature mode coupler of claim 1, wherein: the two orthogonal modes of the horizontal plane electromagnetic wave mode (41) and the vertical plane electromagnetic wave mode (42) are physically isolated.
3. The coupling slot quadrature mode coupler of claim 1, wherein: the flat waveguide (22) in the side wall coupling structure (2) adopts a waveguide E face reverse turn matched with a step to transform a waveguide outlet into an H face waveguide.
4. The coupling slot quadrature mode coupler of claim 1, wherein: the bottom coupling gap (31) and the vertical side wall coupling gap (21) are respectively arranged on the central lines of the bottom surface and the side surface of the square waveguide cavity (1) where the bottom coupling gap and the vertical side wall coupling gap are arranged, and a horizontal plane electromagnetic wave mode (41) of the vertical side wall coupling gap (21) orthogonal mode and a vertical plane electromagnetic wave mode (42) of the bottom coupling gap (31) orthogonal mode are isolated.
5. The coupling slot quadrature mode coupler of claim 1, wherein: the vertical side wall coupling gap (21) is arranged on the center line of the side wall of the square waveguide cavity (1).
6. The coupling slot quadrature mode coupler of claim 1, wherein: the single-mode transmission waveguide (32) in the bottom coupling structure (3) is a natural H-plane waveguide, and the H-plane waveguide outlet structure is favorable for design and arrangement of a power distribution network.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201710044827.6A CN107086344B (en) | 2017-01-20 | 2017-01-20 | Coupling slot orthogonal mode coupler |
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| CN201710044827.6A CN107086344B (en) | 2017-01-20 | 2017-01-20 | Coupling slot orthogonal mode coupler |
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| CN107086344A CN107086344A (en) | 2017-08-22 |
| CN107086344B true CN107086344B (en) | 2021-05-07 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109286064A (en) * | 2017-07-23 | 2019-01-29 | 北京遥感设备研究所 | A kind of broadband high cross polarization dual polarization radiating guide |
| CN114284670A (en) * | 2021-11-23 | 2022-04-05 | 西安电子工程研究所 | W-waveband horizontal-vertical waveguide conversion structure easy to process and processing method |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103414030A (en) * | 2013-07-18 | 2013-11-27 | 北京遥测技术研究所 | Wide band low profile flat plate slot array antenna |
| CN203521573U (en) * | 2013-11-08 | 2014-04-02 | 南京友乔电子科技有限公司 | Self-adaptive variable polarization power divider |
| CN204067545U (en) * | 2014-07-30 | 2014-12-31 | 中国电子科技集团公司第二十七研究所 | A kind of six splitters of Ka frequency range |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103337683B (en) * | 2013-06-20 | 2015-05-27 | 北京遥测技术研究所 | Orthogonal-mode coupler |
| CN105098297A (en) * | 2014-05-21 | 2015-11-25 | 南京天璇电子技术有限公司 | Compact structure T-type orthogonal mode converter and waveguide duplexer composed of compact structure T-type orthogonal mode converter |
| CN104201478B (en) * | 2014-08-20 | 2016-08-24 | 北京遥测技术研究所 | A kind of horn radiator for Ka frequency range flat plate array antenna |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103414030A (en) * | 2013-07-18 | 2013-11-27 | 北京遥测技术研究所 | Wide band low profile flat plate slot array antenna |
| CN203521573U (en) * | 2013-11-08 | 2014-04-02 | 南京友乔电子科技有限公司 | Self-adaptive variable polarization power divider |
| CN204067545U (en) * | 2014-07-30 | 2014-12-31 | 中国电子科技集团公司第二十七研究所 | A kind of six splitters of Ka frequency range |
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