CN107085125A - A kind of capacitance acceleration transducer for becoming spacing and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

A kind of capacitance acceleration transducer for becoming spacing and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107085125A
CN107085125A CN201710293169.4A CN201710293169A CN107085125A CN 107085125 A CN107085125 A CN 107085125A CN 201710293169 A CN201710293169 A CN 201710293169A CN 107085125 A CN107085125 A CN 107085125A
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acceleration transducer
silicon
tooth
substrate
capacitance
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CN107085125B (en
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蔡春华
李予宸
谈俊燕
齐本胜
华迪
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Changzhou Xunyu Electronic Technology Co.,Ltd.
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Changzhou Campus of Hohai University
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01PMEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
    • G01P15/00Measuring acceleration; Measuring deceleration; Measuring shock, i.e. sudden change of acceleration
    • G01P15/02Measuring acceleration; Measuring deceleration; Measuring shock, i.e. sudden change of acceleration by making use of inertia forces using solid seismic masses
    • G01P15/08Measuring acceleration; Measuring deceleration; Measuring shock, i.e. sudden change of acceleration by making use of inertia forces using solid seismic masses with conversion into electric or magnetic values
    • G01P15/125Measuring acceleration; Measuring deceleration; Measuring shock, i.e. sudden change of acceleration by making use of inertia forces using solid seismic masses with conversion into electric or magnetic values by capacitive pick-up
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B81MICROSTRUCTURAL TECHNOLOGY
    • B81BMICROSTRUCTURAL DEVICES OR SYSTEMS, e.g. MICROMECHANICAL DEVICES
    • B81B7/00Microstructural systems; Auxiliary parts of microstructural devices or systems
    • B81B7/02Microstructural systems; Auxiliary parts of microstructural devices or systems containing distinct electrical or optical devices of particular relevance for their function, e.g. microelectro-mechanical systems [MEMS]
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B81MICROSTRUCTURAL TECHNOLOGY
    • B81CPROCESSES OR APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF MICROSTRUCTURAL DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
    • B81C1/00Manufacture or treatment of devices or systems in or on a substrate
    • B81C1/00015Manufacture or treatment of devices or systems in or on a substrate for manufacturing microsystems
    • B81C1/00023Manufacture or treatment of devices or systems in or on a substrate for manufacturing microsystems without movable or flexible elements
    • B81C1/00047Cavities
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B81MICROSTRUCTURAL TECHNOLOGY
    • B81CPROCESSES OR APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF MICROSTRUCTURAL DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
    • B81C1/00Manufacture or treatment of devices or systems in or on a substrate
    • B81C1/00015Manufacture or treatment of devices or systems in or on a substrate for manufacturing microsystems
    • B81C1/00023Manufacture or treatment of devices or systems in or on a substrate for manufacturing microsystems without movable or flexible elements
    • B81C1/00055Grooves
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B81MICROSTRUCTURAL TECHNOLOGY
    • B81CPROCESSES OR APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF MICROSTRUCTURAL DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
    • B81C1/00Manufacture or treatment of devices or systems in or on a substrate
    • B81C1/00349Creating layers of material on a substrate
    • B81C1/0038Processes for creating layers of materials not provided for in groups B81C1/00357 - B81C1/00373
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B81MICROSTRUCTURAL TECHNOLOGY
    • B81CPROCESSES OR APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF MICROSTRUCTURAL DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
    • B81C1/00Manufacture or treatment of devices or systems in or on a substrate
    • B81C1/00436Shaping materials, i.e. techniques for structuring the substrate or the layers on the substrate
    • B81C1/00523Etching material
    • B81C1/00539Wet etching
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B81MICROSTRUCTURAL TECHNOLOGY
    • B81CPROCESSES OR APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF MICROSTRUCTURAL DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
    • B81C2201/00Manufacture or treatment of microstructural devices or systems
    • B81C2201/01Manufacture or treatment of microstructural devices or systems in or on a substrate
    • B81C2201/0101Shaping material; Structuring the bulk substrate or layers on the substrate; Film patterning
    • B81C2201/0128Processes for removing material
    • B81C2201/013Etching
    • B81C2201/0133Wet etching
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B81MICROSTRUCTURAL TECHNOLOGY
    • B81CPROCESSES OR APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF MICROSTRUCTURAL DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
    • B81C2201/00Manufacture or treatment of microstructural devices or systems
    • B81C2201/01Manufacture or treatment of microstructural devices or systems in or on a substrate
    • B81C2201/0174Manufacture or treatment of microstructural devices or systems in or on a substrate for making multi-layered devices, film deposition or growing
    • B81C2201/0181Physical Vapour Deposition [PVD], i.e. evaporation, sputtering, ion plating or plasma assisted deposition, ion cluster beam technology

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Pressure Sensors (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of capacitance acceleration transducer for becoming spacing and preparation method thereof, the capacitance acceleration transducer of specifically a kind of change spacing based on MEMS micro-processing technology, changes to cause the change of equivalent capacity to determine acceleration using gap of the inertial mass in the presence of outer acceleration between detecting electrode.The invention and ic process compatibility, can have higher sensitivity with integrated signal process circuit, affected by environment small.By carrying out ion implanting formation PN junction in silicon substrate different parts, using the unilateral conduction of PN junction, realize that the dynamic substrate between tooth and fixed tooth of acceleration transducer sensitization capacitance structure is electrically isolated, prevent bi directional conductibility, manufacture craft is simple, can reduce cost, stability is good.

Description

A kind of capacitance acceleration transducer for becoming spacing and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of capacitance acceleration transducer for becoming spacing and preparation method thereof, especially one kind is based on Capacitance acceleration transducer of change spacing of MEMS micro-processing technology and preparation method thereof, belongs to micro-electronic mechanical system technique Field.
Background technology
Acceleration is the important parameter of reaction system external environment and own situation, to environmental monitoring, the shape of system itself State identification has a major impact, therefore quick and precisely measures acceleration and have important practical significance.It is well known that utilizing machinery Although the accelerometer of processing can also measure acceleration, these mechanical devices have simultaneously because easy to wear with moving parts There is volume big, price height is, it is necessary to the shortcomings of often safeguarding.Minitype inertial based on MEMS (microelectromechanical systems) process technology Sensor has small volume, and price is low, the characteristics of good product consistency, is the focus of inertial sensor research in recent years.
The type of acceleration transducer has pressure resistance type, piezoelectric type and condenser type etc. a variety of, wherein, based on capacitance acceleration The measurement of sensor has proven to a kind of acceleration measurement method based on simple and reliable principle.Capacitance acceleration is passed Sensor has measurement accuracy high, and output is stable, low in energy consumption, the advantages of temperature drift is small.Sensor-based a pair of capacitance measurement Overlapping area change between two surfaces of capacitance electrode.Electric capacity between the two surfaces, that is, store the capacitance of electric charge, Depending on surface area and its spacing.Capacitance measurement can even be used in the measurement range of at a fairly low acceleration magnitude.It is how real It is existing it is a kind of can the acceleration transducer mutually compatible with integrated circuit technology be one of its study hotspot.
The content of the invention
Purpose:To solve the deficiencies in the prior art, there is provided a kind of electricity of the change spacing of based single crystal silicon epitaxy envelope chamber technique Appearance formula acceleration transducer and preparation method thereof, device manufacturing process is simple, with compatible with integrated circuit, in same silicon lining It can be achieved to be electrically isolated on bottom, low cost, the features such as sensitivity is big.
Technical scheme:In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:
A kind of capacitance acceleration transducer for becoming spacing, it is characterised in that:Using monocrystalline silicon as substrate, pass through monocrystalline silicon Extension envelope chamber technique formation seal cavity structure;Ion is injected separately on seal cavity top and surrounding, acceleration sensing is realized The dynamic substrate between tooth and fixed tooth of device sensitization capacitance structure is electrically isolated;By sputtering, photoetching, corrosion and splash-proofing sputtering metal technique, Metal pad and lead are provided with monocrystalline substrate;Total is discharged by photoetching and ICP silicon etchings, suspension monocrystalline is formed Siliceous gauge block, when sensor does acceleration or deceleration motion, suspension monocrystalline silicon mass can move freely.
Preferably, the capacitance acceleration transducer of described change spacing, it is characterised in that:In monocrystalline substrate Surface grows silica and silicon nitride successively, and in silicon nitride and silicon oxide surface photoetching, that corrosion forms acceleration transducer is quick Feel the contact hole that capacitance structure moves tooth and fixed tooth pad.
Preferably, the capacitance acceleration transducer of described change spacing, it is characterised in that:The lead and weldering The material of disk is Al.
Preferably, the capacitance acceleration transducer of described change spacing, it is characterised in that:Injected on substrate Ion, forms N-type semiconductor and P-type semiconductor;Pass through ion implantation technology so that acceleration transducer sensitization capacitance structure is moved Tooth is different with silicon substrate type from the semiconductor type of fixed tooth.
Preferably, the capacitance acceleration transducer of described change spacing, it is characterised in that:If silicon substrate is P Type semiconductor, then make it that the semiconductor type that acceleration transducer sensitization capacitance structure moves tooth and fixed tooth is N by ion implanting Type semiconductor;If conversely, silicon substrate is N-type semiconductor, causing acceleration transducer sensitization capacitance structure by ion implanting The semiconductor type for moving tooth and fixed tooth is P-type semiconductor.
Preferably, the capacitance acceleration transducer of described change spacing, it is characterised in that:In silicon substrate with adding Apply reverse bias voltage on the PN junction of velocity sensor sensitization capacitance structure formation, so that silicon substrate, acceleration sensing The dynamic substrate that formed between tooth and fixed tooth three of device sensitization capacitance structure is electrically isolated.
Preferably, the capacitance acceleration transducer of described change spacing, it is characterised in that:The material of the substrate Matter is p type single crystal silicon.
The preparation method of the capacitance acceleration transducer of above-mentioned change spacing, it is characterised in that:Comprise the following steps:
Step 1), using p type single crystal silicon as substrate, by anisotropic rie technique in monocrystalline substrate 1-10 μm of shallow slot of upper etching;
Step 2), while being protected to the shallow groove sidewall of monocrystalline substrate, to monocrystalline substrate carry out isotropism Corrosion, is that ensuing epitaxial monocrystalline silicon envelope chamber technique is prepared;
Step 3), epitaxial growth monocrystalline silicon, be internally formed seal cavity in monocrystalline substrate;
Step 4), make by CMP process monocrystalline substrate surface smooth, be ensuing photoetching and ion Injection is prepared;
Step 5), carry out ion implanting respectively so that acceleration transducer sensitization capacitance structure moves partly leading for tooth and fixed tooth Body type is different from silicon substrate type;If silicon substrate is P-type semiconductor, cause acceleration transducer sensitive by ion implanting It is N-type semiconductor that capacitance structure, which moves tooth and the semiconductor type of fixed tooth,;If conversely, silicon substrate is N-type semiconductor, passing through ion Injection causes acceleration transducer sensitization capacitance structure moves tooth and the semiconductor type of fixed tooth to be P-type semiconductor, to realize acceleration The dynamic substrate between tooth and fixed tooth of sensor sensing capacitance structure is spent to be electrically isolated;
Step 6), surface growing silicon oxide and silicon nitride successively on a monocrystaline silicon substrate;
Step 7), in silicon nitride and silicon oxide surface photoetching, corrosion, form acceleration transducer sensitization capacitance structure and move tooth With the contact hole of fixed tooth;
Step 8), in silicon nitride surface splash-proofing sputtering metal layer Al, and photoetching corrosion formation electrical connecting wire and pad;
Step 9), total discharged by photoetching and ICP silicon etchings, form acceleration transducer sensitization capacitance structure, Produce.
The preparation method of the capacitance acceleration transducer of described change spacing, the height of seal cavity is 3-7 μm, optimal Elect 5 μm as.
Beneficial effect:Capacitance acceleration transducer of change spacing that the present invention is provided and preparation method thereof, sets up close On the monocrystalline silicon cavity body structure of envelope, device architecture is simple, and the seal cavity structure passes through monocrystalline silicon epitaxial growth technology shape Into.With respect to the FBAR structures of bonding or surface sacrificial process formation, set up in monocrystalline silicon epitaxy envelope chamber technique FBAR structures have manufacturing process simple, device satisfactory mechanical property, the features such as stability is high.And using front sputtering and Etching technics can just complete the processing of FBAR devices, and processing step is simple and reliable.Whole process is not interfering with silicon chip just The existing cmos circuit in face, so becoming the capacitance acceleration transducer of spacing can be carried out using post-CMOS processing technologys Processing, so as to further realize that the monolithic of chip is intelligent, can also reduce the size and cost of chip.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the front view of structure of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the top view of structure of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the schematic flow sheet that the present invention makes;
In figure:Substrate 1, silica 2, silicon nitride 3, N-type semiconductor 4, metal Al 5, seal cavity 6, wire 7, pad 8, Anchor area 9, fixed tooth 10, dynamic tooth 11, cantilever beam 12.
Embodiment
The present invention is illustrated with reference to example:
Embodiment 1:
As shown in Figure 1 to Figure 3, the capacitance acceleration transducer for the change spacing that the present invention is provided, by following steps system It is standby:
A, using p type single crystal silicon as substrate 1, by anisotropic rie technique in monocrystalline substrate 1 Etch 1-10 μm of shallow slot;
B, while being protected to the shallow groove sidewall of monocrystalline substrate, to monocrystalline substrate 1 carry out isotropic etch, Prepared for ensuing epitaxial monocrystalline silicon envelope chamber technique;
C, epitaxial growth monocrystalline silicon, seal cavity is internally formed in monocrystalline substrate, and cavity is high about 5 μm;
D, by chemically-mechanicapolish polishing (CMP) technique make monocrystalline substrate surface smooth, be ensuing photoetching and ion Injection is prepared;
E, progress phosphonium ion injection technology so that region 4 is that the silicon substrate beyond N-type semiconductor, region 4 is still p-type half Conductor, to realize that the dynamic substrate between tooth and fixed tooth of acceleration transducer sensitization capacitance structure is electrically isolated;
F, in the upper surface of monocrystalline substrate 1 successively growing silicon oxide 2 and silicon nitride 3;
G, silicon nitride 2 and the photomask surface of silica 3, corrosion formed acceleration transducer sensitization capacitance structure move tooth with it is fixed The contact hole of tooth;
H, in silicon nitride surface splash-proofing sputtering metal layer Al 5, and photoetching corrosion formation electrical connecting wire 7 and pad 8;
I, pass through photoetching and ICP silicon etchings and discharge total, form acceleration transducer sensitization capacitance structure, main bag Kuo Mao areas 9, fixed tooth 10, dynamic tooth 11 and cantilever beam 12.
According to capacitance equationDynamic tooth 11 is connected with cantilever beam 12, is supported by anchor area 9 and is fixed on silicon lining On bottom, when sensor is moved by acceleration or deceleration degree, cantilever beam 12 and dynamic tooth 11 thereon are straight due to inertia and fixed tooth 10 Practice midwifery raw relative motion, it causes the electric capacity overlapping area between fixed tooth 10 and dynamic tooth 11 to change, so that its capacitance Generation respective change.By detecting that the size away from capacitance between fixed tooth 10 and dynamic tooth 11 can derive that sensor local environment adds The size of velocity amplitude.
Capacitance acceleration transducer of change spacing that the present invention is provided and preparation method thereof, device manufacturing process is simple, With compatible with integrated circuit, it can be achieved to be electrically isolated on same silicon substrate, low cost, the features such as sensitivity is big.Using MEMS micro-processing technology, forms cavity, on seal cavity top and four by monocrystalline silicon epitaxy seal cavity technique in silicon chip Week is injected separately into ion, realizes that the dynamic substrate between tooth and fixed tooth of acceleration transducer sensitization capacitance structure is electrically isolated;By splashing Penetrate, photoetching and etching process are provided with metal pad and lead on a monocrystaline silicon substrate;Discharged by photoetching and ICP silicon etchings Total, forms suspended matter gauge block, it is moved freely in acceleration or retarded motion.
The present invention is disclosed with preferred embodiment above, so it is not intended to limiting the invention, all use equivalent substitutions Or the technical scheme that equivalent transformation mode is obtained, it is within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. a kind of capacitance acceleration transducer for becoming spacing, it is characterised in that:Using monocrystalline silicon as substrate, by monocrystalline silicon outside Prolong envelope chamber technique formation seal cavity structure;Ion is injected separately on seal cavity top and surrounding, acceleration transducer is realized The dynamic substrate between tooth and fixed tooth of sensitization capacitance structure is electrically isolated;Pass through sputtering, photoetching, corrosion and splash-proofing sputtering metal technique, in list Metal pad and lead are provided with crystalline silicon substrate;Total is discharged by photoetching and ICP silicon etchings, suspension monocrystalline silicon is formed Mass, when sensor does acceleration or deceleration motion, suspension monocrystalline silicon mass can move freely.
2. the capacitance acceleration transducer according to claim 1 for becoming spacing, it is characterised in that:Monocrystalline substrate upper table Face grows silica and silicon nitride successively, and acceleration transducer sensitivity is formed in silicon nitride and silicon oxide surface photoetching, corrosion Capacitance structure moves the contact hole of tooth and fixed tooth pad.
3. the capacitance acceleration transducer according to claim 1 for becoming spacing, it is characterised in that:The lead and pad Material be Al.
4. the capacitance acceleration transducer according to claim 1 for becoming spacing, it is characterised in that:Injected on substrate from Son, forms N-type semiconductor and P-type semiconductor;Pass through ion implantation technology so that acceleration transducer sensitization capacitance structure moves tooth It is different with silicon substrate type from the semiconductor type of fixed tooth.
5. the capacitance acceleration transducer according to claim 4 for becoming spacing, it is characterised in that:If silicon substrate is p-type Semiconductor, then make it that the semiconductor type that acceleration transducer sensitization capacitance structure moves tooth and fixed tooth is N-type by ion implanting Semiconductor;
If conversely, silicon substrate be N-type semiconductor, by ion implanting cause acceleration transducer sensitization capacitance structure move tooth with The semiconductor type of fixed tooth is P-type semiconductor.
6. the capacitance acceleration transducer according to claim 4 for becoming spacing, it is characterised in that:In silicon substrate with accelerating Apply reverse bias voltage on the PN junction of degree sensor sensing capacitance structure formation, so that silicon substrate, acceleration transducer The dynamic substrate that formed between tooth and fixed tooth three of sensitization capacitance structure is electrically isolated.
7. the capacitance acceleration transducer according to claim 1 for becoming spacing, it is characterised in that:The material of the substrate For p type single crystal silicon.
8. the preparation method of the capacitance acceleration transducer of the change spacing according to claim any one of 1-7, its feature It is:Comprise the following steps:
Step 1), using p type single crystal silicon as substrate, carved on a monocrystaline silicon substrate by anisotropic rie technique Lose 1-10 μm of shallow slot;
Step 2), while being protected to the shallow groove sidewall of monocrystalline substrate, to monocrystalline substrate carry out isotropic etch, Prepared for ensuing epitaxial monocrystalline silicon envelope chamber technique;
Step 3), epitaxial growth monocrystalline silicon, be internally formed seal cavity in monocrystalline substrate;
Step 4), make by CMP process monocrystalline substrate surface smooth, be ensuing photoetching and ion implanting Prepare;
Step 5), carry out ion implanting respectively so that acceleration transducer sensitization capacitance structure moves the semiconductor type of tooth and fixed tooth Type is different from silicon substrate type;If silicon substrate is P-type semiconductor, acceleration transducer sensitization capacitance is caused by ion implanting It is N-type semiconductor that structure, which moves tooth and the semiconductor type of fixed tooth,;If conversely, silicon substrate is N-type semiconductor, passing through ion implanting So that it is P-type semiconductor that acceleration transducer sensitization capacitance structure, which moves tooth and the semiconductor type of fixed tooth, to realize that acceleration is passed The dynamic substrate between tooth and fixed tooth of sensor sensitization capacitance structure is electrically isolated;
Step 6), surface growing silicon oxide and silicon nitride successively on a monocrystaline silicon substrate;
Step 7), in silicon nitride and silicon oxide surface photoetching, corrosion, formed acceleration transducer sensitization capacitance structure move tooth with it is fixed The contact hole of tooth;
Step 8), in silicon nitride surface splash-proofing sputtering metal layer Al, and photoetching corrosion formation electrical connecting wire and pad;
Step 9), total discharged by photoetching and ICP silicon etchings, form acceleration transducer sensitization capacitance structure, produce.
9. the preparation method of the capacitance acceleration transducer according to claim 8 for becoming spacing, it is characterised in that:Sealing The height of cavity is 3-7 μm.
CN201710293169.4A 2017-04-28 2017-04-28 A kind of capacitance acceleration transducer and preparation method thereof becoming spacing Expired - Fee Related CN107085125B (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111584310A (en) * 2020-06-08 2020-08-25 东南大学 Reconfigurable drive voltage RF MEMS switch and manufacturing method thereof

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111584310A (en) * 2020-06-08 2020-08-25 东南大学 Reconfigurable drive voltage RF MEMS switch and manufacturing method thereof

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