CN107076041B - Multistage skips igniting - Google Patents

Multistage skips igniting Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107076041B
CN107076041B CN201580059861.XA CN201580059861A CN107076041B CN 107076041 B CN107076041 B CN 107076041B CN 201580059861 A CN201580059861 A CN 201580059861A CN 107076041 B CN107076041 B CN 107076041B
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China
Prior art keywords
igniting
engine
operating room
score
valve
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CN201580059861.XA
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CN107076041A (en
Inventor
马修·A·杨金斯
路易斯·J·塞拉诺
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Tula Technology Inc
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Tula Technology Inc
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Priority claimed from US14/919,018 external-priority patent/US9689327B2/en
Priority claimed from US14/919,011 external-priority patent/US9399964B2/en
Priority to CN201810728990.9A priority Critical patent/CN109026411B/en
Application filed by Tula Technology Inc filed Critical Tula Technology Inc
Priority to CN201810728850.1A priority patent/CN109113878B/en
Priority to CN201810729225.9A priority patent/CN109026407B/en
Priority to CN201810728778.2A priority patent/CN109026493B/en
Priority to CN201810728715.7A priority patent/CN109139278B/en
Publication of CN107076041A publication Critical patent/CN107076041A/en
Publication of CN107076041B publication Critical patent/CN107076041B/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D13/00—Controlling the engine output power by varying inlet or exhaust valve operating characteristics, e.g. timing
    • F02D13/02—Controlling the engine output power by varying inlet or exhaust valve operating characteristics, e.g. timing during engine operation
    • F02D13/0257—Independent control of two or more intake or exhaust valves respectively, i.e. one of two intake valves remains closed or is opened partially while the other is fully opened
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D13/00—Controlling the engine output power by varying inlet or exhaust valve operating characteristics, e.g. timing
    • F02D13/02—Controlling the engine output power by varying inlet or exhaust valve operating characteristics, e.g. timing during engine operation
    • F02D13/06—Cutting-out cylinders
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/0002—Controlling intake air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/008—Controlling each cylinder individually
    • F02D41/0087—Selective cylinder activation, i.e. partial cylinder operation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M35/00—Combustion-air cleaners, air intakes, intake silencers, or induction systems specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M35/10—Air intakes; Induction systems
    • F02M35/104—Intake manifolds
    • F02M35/108—Intake manifolds with primary and secondary intake passages
    • F02M35/1085—Intake manifolds with primary and secondary intake passages the combustion chamber having multiple intake valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L13/00—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations
    • F01L13/0005—Deactivating valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L2800/00—Methods of operation using a variable valve timing mechanism
    • F01L2800/06—Timing or lift different for valves of same cylinder
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L9/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically
    • F01L9/10—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically by fluid means, e.g. hydraulic
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L9/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically
    • F01L9/20—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically by electric means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/0002—Controlling intake air
    • F02D2041/001—Controlling intake air for engines with variable valve actuation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D2250/00—Engine control related to specific problems or objectives
    • F02D2250/18—Control of the engine output torque
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N11/00—Starting of engines by means of electric motors
    • F02N11/08—Circuits or control means specially adapted for starting of engines
    • F02N11/0814—Circuits or control means specially adapted for starting of engines comprising means for controlling automatic idle-start-stop
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
    • F02P5/00—Advancing or retarding ignition; Control therefor
    • F02P5/04—Advancing or retarding ignition; Control therefor automatically, as a function of the working conditions of the engine or vehicle or of the atmospheric conditions
    • F02P5/145—Advancing or retarding ignition; Control therefor automatically, as a function of the working conditions of the engine or vehicle or of the atmospheric conditions using electrical means
    • F02P5/15—Digital data processing
    • F02P5/152—Digital data processing dependent on pinking
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
    • F02P9/00—Electric spark ignition control, not otherwise provided for
    • F02P9/002—Control of spark intensity, intensifying, lengthening, suppression
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/40—Engine management systems

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)
  • Combined Controls Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Ignition Installations For Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)
  • Electrical Control Of Ignition Timing (AREA)

Abstract

On the one hand, a kind of method for controlling the operation of internal combustion engine is described.The engine is run into a manner of skipping igniting to skip the selected working cycles being skipped and selected movable working cycles is lighted a fire, to deliver desirable transmitter output.The torque output of each operating room selection specified level in the operating room being ignited for these.It also describes and the relevant a variety of distinct methods of the above method, arrangement and system.

Description

Multistage skips igniting
Cross reference to related applications
It is entitled " multistage dynamically to skip igniting (Multi Level this application claims what is submitted on November 10th, 2014 Dynamic Skip Fire) " U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 62/077,439, submitted on 2 17th, 2015 it is entitled The U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 62/117,426 of " multistage dynamic skip igniting ", submitted on 2 26th, 2015 it is entitled The U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 62/121 of " skipping igniting (Using Multi-Level Skip Fire) using multistage ", The U.S. of entitled " multistage skips igniting (Multi-level Skip Fire) " 374, submitted on October 21st, 2015 is special The United States Patent (USP) Shen of sharp application number 14/919,011 and entitled " multistage skips igniting " submitted on October 21st, 2015 Please number 14/919,018 priority, for all purposes, each of these applications application is incorporated to this with entire contents Text.
Technical field
The present invention relates to the method and systems for running engine in a manner of ignition type to skip.In multiple and different implementation It in example, describes and skips ignition type engine control system, these systems can be selectively deactivated by operating room and with more A different output level is lighted a fire.
Background technology
Now most of vehicles (and many other devices) be by internal combustion (IC) engine provide power.It is interior Burn engine typically has multiple cylinders or other operating rooms, burns in these cylinders or other operating rooms.Just Under normal driving conditions, the torque needs that internal combustion engine generates change in wide in range range, to meet the operation of driver It needs.Come year in year out, it has been suggested that and a variety of methods for controlling internal combustion engine torque are utilized.Some such approach are examined The effective discharge for changing engine is considered.Two types can be classified by changing the engine control means of engine effective discharge Control, multiple fixed displacement formula and skip ignition type.In the multiple displacement control of fixation, the cylinder of some fixation groups is low It is deactivated under loading condition；For example, can be under certain conditions with same 4 cylinders come 8 cylinder engines that run.Phase Than under, skips ignition type engine control and imagine the igniting for being selectively skipped over certain cylinders during selected ignition timing. Therefore, specific cylinder can be ignited in an engine cycles and then can be in next engine cycles In be skipped, and be then optionally skipped or light a fire in next engine cycles.For example, starting to 4 cylinders Lighting a fire every two cylinders and providing the effective discharge of the l/3 of maximum engine discharge capacity in machine, this is by simply Deactivate the unobtainable component discharge capacity of one group of cylinder.Similarly, to lighting a fire and will carry every a cylinder in 3 Cylinder engines For 1/2 effective discharge, this is by simply deactivating the unobtainable component discharge capacity of one group of cylinder.U.S. Patent number 8,131, 445 (submitted by present assignee and combined herein in its entirety by quoting for all purposes) have taught a variety of jumps Cross igniter motor control realization method.Generally, it skips ignition type engine control and is considered to provide multiple potential advantages, Potential including significantly improving the fuel economy in many applications.Although the concept for skipping ignition type engine control has been deposited In many years, and its benefit is illustrated in people, but skips ignition type engine control and also fail to reach significant business success.
It is well known that running engine tends to be significant noise and vibration source, they are frequent in the art Summation it is referred to as NVH (noise, vibration and injustice are pliable).Generally, prejudice associated with ignition type engine control is skipped Be engine skip ignition type operation will so that engine operating significantly more roughly, that is, relative to the engine of conventional operation Increase NVH.In many applications of such as automobile application, skips ignition type engine and control the most significant challenge showed One of be vibration control.In fact, it is considered as hindering widely used to skip ignition type unsatisfactorily to solve NVH misgivings One major obstacle of the engine control of type.
U.S. Patent number 7,954,474；7,886,715；7,849,835；7,577,511；8,099,224；8,131,445 With 8,131,447 and U.S. Patent Application No. 13/004,839；13/004,844；It is elaborated with other documents so as to skip Ignition type operational mode runs the various feasible diversified engine controllers of internal combustion engine.These patents and Patent application is each by being incorporated herein by reference.Although the controller work illustrated is good, keeping punching, it is further to come Improvement these and other is skipped the performance of ignition type engine controller and is transported with further mitigating in the case where skipping ignition type control The NVH problems of row engine.The application elaborates to improve the additional of engine performance in diversified application and skips Ignition type controlling feature and improvements.
Invention content
The present invention relates to skip ignition type engine control.On the one hand, a kind of side for controlling engine is described Method.It skips the selected working cycles being skipped and makes selected movable working cycles igniting, to deliver desirable hair Machine is sent to export.One or more operating rooms can for example for the setting of identical cam phaser and/or MAP, (inlet manifold be exhausted To pressure) the multiple torques outputs that may be horizontal of setting generation.The operating room being ignited for these is (that is, need to be ignited Operating room) in each operating room selection specified level torque output (for example, high or low torque export).This is claimed herein Ignition type engine control is skipped for multistage.In a variety of different designs, selected in the operating room that is ignited based on these It is high torque output or low torque output, to adjust the air inlet amount for the operating room that these are ignited.Multiple and different implementations Example is related to the engine controller, software and system that help to implement the above method.
On the other hand, a kind of engine controller is described.The engine controller includes multiple operating rooms.Each work Room includes at least one by cam-actuated intake valve.The engine controller is true including igniting interpolater, ignition timing Cover half block and ignition control unit.The igniting interpolater is arranged to turn round suitable for desired by delivering for determining The igniting score of square.The ignition timing determining module is arranged to for skipping ignition type igniting sequence based on the igniting score next life Row.This is skipped ignition type igniting sequence and indicates that during selected ignition timing, selected operating room is deactivated or by point Fire；And it further indicates for igniting every time, which produces low torque output or high torque output.The fire control Unit processed is arranged to for operating these operating rooms in a manner of skipping igniting based on the igniting sequence.Multiple and different In embodiment, which is also arranged to be directed to the operating room being each ignited based on the igniting sequence (that is, will be by Each operating room of igniting) low torque output or high torque output are intended that adjust the air of the operating room being ignited Air inflow.
Multistage is skipped ignition type engine control and can be carried out in a manner of diversified.In some embodiments, it is example It is such as to light a fire the decision being also to skip, and/or to make about for quilt based on by ignition timing making about each working cycles Whether the operating room of igniting selects the decision that the torque of specified level exports.It can be by using one or more look-up tables, electricity Road, sigma delta converter or other technologies make such decision.
It can be exported using a variety of different systems to control the torque for the operating room that these are ignited.Such as on some ways In diameter, operating room of one or more of these operating rooms's (including respectively one or more intake valves) is independent control.This A little intake valves can be at different times and/or according to different cycles (for example, Ai Jinsen (Atkinson) cycles and Otto (Otto) recycle) it opens or closes, this can help the torque output for changing the operating room.It can be based on by working cycles These intake valves of independent actuation or deactivated operating room.In a number of different embodiments, it is used for the valve control system of operating room Make the operating room identical engine condition (such as identical cam phaser setting, throttle position setting, and/or hair Motivation speed be arranged) under be capable of providing two, three, or more torque output level.It is to be understood that described herein It can be with the design of any suitable operating room or valve control system for implementing the multistage method for skipping ignition type engine control It is used together.
On the other hand, a kind of engine system is described.The engine system includes inlet manifold, one or more work Room and two or more intake channels.In a number of different embodiments, two intake channels are connected with operating room.This Two intake channels are arranged so that the central axial line of each intake channel in these intake channels relative to the operating room Substantially intersect with the central axial line of the operating room.
Description of the drawings
By referring to the explanation provided below in conjunction with attached drawing, the present invention and its advantage can be best understood, in the accompanying drawings：
Figure 1A and 1B is that the section of operating room according to a particular embodiment of the present invention and associated valve control system regards Figure.
Fig. 2-7 is the schematic diagram for showing the valve control system according to the multiple and different embodiments of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is the curve graph that the displaying valve promotion degree according to a particular embodiment of the present invention for operating room adjusts.
Fig. 9 is valve control system according to a particular embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 10 is the schematic diagram for showing exemplary intake channel.
Figure 11 is the schematic diagram for showing intake channel according to a particular embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 12 A-12F are the multiple operational phases for showing operating room and intake valve according to the multiple and different embodiments of the present invention Schematic diagram.
Figure 13 A-13B are that how can operate multiple valves and generate work according to the present invention multiple and different embodiments shown The chart of the torque output of multiple and different levels of room.
Figure 14 A-14H are the figures shown according to the multiple and different embodiments of the present invention, the different arrangement of operating room and feature Table.
Figure 15 is the schematic diagram of one group of cylinder according to a particular embodiment of the present invention.
The block diagram of Figure 16 engine controllers according to a particular embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 17 is according to a particular embodiment of the present invention a kind of for implementing the multistage side for skipping ignition type engine control The flow chart of method.
Figure 18 is to indicate that the maximum changed with engine speed and effective igniting score allows operating room's output Exemplary look-up table.
Figure 19 is the exemplary look-up table for indicating the igniting score and horizontal score that change with effective igniting score.
Figure 20 is according to a particular embodiment of the present invention, generates the multistage exemplary circuit for skipping ignition type igniting sequence Schematic diagram.
Figure 21 is according to another embodiment of the present invention, generates the multistage exemplary circuit for skipping ignition type igniting sequence Schematic diagram.
Figure 22 skips ignition type igniting the exemplary of sequence there is provided the multistage changed with effective igniting score and looks into Look for table.
Figure 23 is flow chart, illustrates in the transient process between multiple igniting scores and skips ignition type hair using multistage The illustrative methods of motivation control.
Figure 24 is flow chart, is illustrated according to a particular embodiment of the present invention for detecting and managing the pinking in engine Illustrative methods.
Figure 25 is flow chart, illustrates a kind of run in response to specific engine to skip ignition type engine using multistage The illustrative methods of control.
Figure 26 is flow chart, is illustrated according to a particular embodiment of the present invention a kind of for diagnosing and managing engine problem Illustrative methods.
In the accompanying drawings, identical structural element is indicated using identical reference number sometimes.It should also be appreciated that in attached drawing Description be it is graphic rather than in proportion.
Specific implementation mode
The present invention relates to a kind of for skip the system for running engine in a manner of ignition type.More precisely, of the invention Multiple and different realization methods are related to a kind of to carry out the jump that selectively operating room lights a fire with multiple and different torque output level Cross ignition type engine control system.
Generally, skip ignition type engine control imagine be selectively skipped over during the ignition timing of selection it is certain The igniting of cylinder.Thus, for example, specific cylinder can be ignited during an ignition timing and then can be next It is skipped during a ignition timing, and is then optionally skipped or lights a fire during next ignition timing.This In contrast with conventional variable displacement power operation, it in the operation of conventional variable displacement engine, is transported in certain low-loads Fixed one group of cylinder is deactivated during row condition.
A problem for skipping ignition type engine control is that will to make us undesirable noise, vibration and injustice pliable (NVH) it is reduced to acceptable level.Noise caused by engine and vibration can pass to vehicle by diversified approach Occupant in compartment.Some in these approach, such as powertrain, can change to being deposited in engine noise and vibration performance A variety of different frequency components amplification.Especially, lower gearbox gear ratio tends to amplification vibration, because gearbox is just Increase the change in torque at torque and wheel.Noise and vibration can also evoke a variety of different vehicle resonance, these resonance can converge Enter compartment.
Some noises and vibration frequency can especially enable vehicle occupant annoyed.Especially, low frequency, repeat patterns (for example, frequency component within the scope of 0.2 to 8Hz) tends to generate makes us undesirable vibration by what vehicle occupant perceived. The higher order harmonics of these patterns can result in the noise in passenger compartment.Especially, the frequency of about 40Hz can be in compartment Sympathetic response, so-called " thundering " frequency.The ignition type engine control of skipping of commericially feasible requires to run with acceptable level of NVH And the desirable or required engine torque of driver is provided simultaneously and exports and reaches significant fuel efficiency gain.
NVH features change with engine speed, spark rate and gearbox-gear.For example, it is contemplated that selection particular ignition The engine controller of frequency, the particular ignition frequency are indicated for providing desirable torsion in specific engines speed and gear Igniting percentage necessary to square.Based on the spark rate, engine controller generates the igniting pattern repeated come to skip a little Fiery formula mode runs these operating rooms of engine.As well known to a person skilled in the art, on given engine speed It may make us the undesirable sound or vibration with other igniting pattern generations with the engine of some igniting pattern smooth-going operations Effect.Similarly, a kind of given igniting pattern may provide acceptable NVH in an engine speed, and same pattern exists There may be unacceptable NVH for other engine speeds.The noise and vibration that engine introduces go back subject cylinder load or work The influence of room output.Provided that less air and fuel be to cylinder, the igniting of cylinder will produce less output, and compared with Few noise and vibration.As a result, if cylinder output is reduced, once since its inferior NVH feature is without more workable Spark rate and sequence may will be made available by.
Such as in U.S. Patent Application No. 14/638,908 (for all purposes, all the contents of the application are incorporated herein) It is described, it is generally desirably following to skip ignition type engine controller design：The required engine output of delivering Simultaneously so that fuel consumption minimizes and provides acceptable NVH performances.This is big by what is encountered during vehicle is run The service condition of range but a have the problem of challenge.Required engine output can be expressed as engine operational speed Under torque request.It should be understood that the amount of the engine torque provided can by spark rate and cylinder load product Lai It represents.Therefore, if spark rate (FF) increases, cylinder torque loads (CTF) can be reduced and turned round to generate same engine Square, and vice versa.In other words,
Engine torque score (ETF)=CTF*FF (equation 1)
Wherein ETF is the value for representing engine torque that is normalized net or indicating.All values in this equation All it is nondimensional, this allows it to be used together with the engine of all types and is used for all types of vehicles.Also It is to say, same engine torque can be provided using the combination of varied different spark rates and CTF.Equation 1 is not Influence including engine friction.Friction can be included to complete similar analysis.The ginseng calculated in this case Number should be braking torque score.It can be using indicated by engine net torque score, engine brake torque score, engine Torque score or some similar measure be used as the basis of control algolithm.For the sake of clear, term engine torque score can With refer to engine output these measurement any one and will be used in subsequently to engine controller and engine control In the discussion of method processed.
Multiple and different embodiments of the present invention be related to it is a kind of can be with multiple and different output level by selected work Ignition type engine control system is skipped in room igniting.This is referred to herein as multistage and skips ignition operation.In some embodiments, It can be by the way that above-mentioned equation 1 be modified as carrying out to skip ignition operation to multistage including the horizontal possibility of multiple igniting as follows Modeling：
Engine torque score (ETF)=CTF1*FF1+CTF2*FF2+..+CTFn*FFn(equation 2)
Wherein CTF1It is cylinder torque score and FF under first level1It is igniting score, CTF2It is under the second level Cylinder torque score and FF2It is igniting score, and CTFnIt is the cylinder torque score under the n-th level and FFnIt is igniting point Number.The summation of multiple different igniting score is equal to total igniting score, i.e.,
FF=FF1+FF2+FFn(equation 3)
In some embodiments described below, n is equal to two, but this is not limiting.
It is to be understood that there are the equivalent methods of many above-mentioned concepts of expression.For example, replacing being based on engine torque score (ETF) it models, modeling can be based on net engine torque (ET), because this tittle is simple proportional.Cylinder torque point Number (CTF) can be, and n-th horizontal igniting score (FF proportional to net mean effective pressure (NMEP)n) can be with Be with n-th of level (FEDn) operation cylinder score engine displacement it is proportional.Therefore equation 2 can be equal to earth's surface It is shown as
ET=NMEP1*FED1+NMEP2*FED2+...+NMEPn*FEDn(equation 4)
Above-mentioned equation 4, which is merely exemplary, to be improved and is contemplated that many equivalent improvement.They all it is common have with Engine output torque is relevant, be represented as multiple amounts summation amount, wherein each amount is that output to cylinder group is related , and there are at least two cylinder groups with different non-zero outputs.
Can multistage described below skip the example of ignition operation.Can by operating room a selected working cycles mistake It deactivated in journey, lighted a fire with high level output during next working cycles and then followed in next work It is lighted a fire with lower horizontal output (for example, 0-80% of high level output) during ring.In multiple and different realities In existing mode, low-level output, which can correspond essentially to, provides optimal fuel efficient, i.e. minimum BSFC (braking fuel consumptions Rate) operating point operating room load.As is it well known, the load of the operating rooms BSFC changes with the variation of RPM.In this way, In multiple and different embodiments of the present invention, ratio between the height and low ignition level can be with engine RPM and can Can its dependent variable variation and change.Coordinate these igniting and deactivate, to generate desirable engine torque.Multistage is jumped Crossing the availability of ignition operation allows engine control system that there are more more options to seek engine output, fuel efficiency, make an uproar Balance between sound and vibration.
It is to be understood that can realize that multistage skips ignition operation using any suitable technology.Such as in some realities It applies in example, operating room is controlled using throttle control, spark timing, valve timing, MAP adjustment and/or exhaust gas recirculation Torque exports.In this application, various operating room's control systems and arrangement are described.Such system is arranged to make work Multiple horizontal torque outputs can be generated by making room.It is a variety of different application also describes what can be implemented using above system Multistage skips ignition type engine control method (for example, as in conjunction with described in Figure 16-26).However, these methods are not limited to System described herein and it can be used for the design of any suitable operating room, system or mechanism.
Operating room's valve control system
Multiple and different embodiments of the present invention are related to a kind of operating room's valve control system.Initially referring to Figure 1A and 1B, Two section views of exemplary operation room valve control system 100 will be described.Operating room's valve control system 100 includes operating room 102, which carries piston 104, two intake valve 120a/120b and two air bleeding valve 122a/122b.Actuator 116a/116b controls the opening and closing of these intake valves.Intake channel 110a/110b by intake valve 120a/120b respectively with Inlet manifold (not shown) couples.
When intake valve is opened, air is deliverrf into work from the inlet manifold by corresponding intake channel 110a/110b Make in room 102.As known to persons of ordinary skill in the art, if operating room 102 needs to be ignited, air and the operating room Fuel mixing in 102, and the fuel-air mixture is ignited.The driving of piston 104 is arrived operating room by generated burning 102 bottom.It opens these air bleeding valves 122a/122b and pushes away from operating room 102 discharge gas as piston 104 is increased Go out into exhaust channel 112a/l12b.
In many conventional designs, the intake valve 120a/120b of the operating room 102 is opened simultaneously and closed.That is, they are It is being controlled by same actuator and/or be opened and closed according to same lifting curve.The timing of the lifting curve can use Cam phaser adjusts, which makes the time that valve opens and closes change relative to Crankshaft motion.However, more In a different conventional design, the mechanical devices of cam phaser generally allow for based on recycle one by one the valve timing only occur it is small Change and operates all cylinders of row in a similar way.However in the embodiment shown, intake valve 120a/120b be by Independent actuation and operation.From a working cycles to next working cycles, the timing of the opening and closing of an intake valve It can be similar and different with another intake valve.For example, during selected working cycles, intake valve 120a can be protected It holds and is deactivated or closes, and intake valve 120b is opened to allow air into the operating room.Alternatively, it is followed in selected work During ring, intake valve 120a can be opened and closed based on Otto cycle, and another intake valve 120b can be based on Ai Jinsen or other cycles are opened and closed.During arbitrary selected working cycles, one of these intake valves or The two can be deactivated or close.In a number of different embodiments, each intake valve of operating room 102 can be based on point one by one It is independently actuated or deactivates to fiery opportunity.
The ability of these intake valves of the same operating room of independent control provides varied advantage.For example, may be used To dynamically adjust the torque output of the operating room.For example, in multiple and different designs, if two intake valves into It opens during gas stroke and is then closed during subsequent compression stroke, then in the process of selected working cycles In deactivating for one of these intake valves less air will be caused to be delivered to the operating room.This is in turn relative to the two air inlets Torque caused by the igniting by the operating room is reduced for the situation that valve is opened.Equally, before the induction stroke terminates Closing one or both of these intake valves will cause less air to introduce and the output of lower working cycles torque.It is similar Ground, keeping one or both of these intake valves to be opened during induction stroke and a part of compression stroke will lead Lower working cycles are caused to export.It is introduced into the air in cylinder in this case before power stroke starts from the cylinder Discharge.By using each intake valve independent control and open/close timing using the different types of of each intake valve, Operating room's output of two, three or more level is possible, being discussed in this application as after.It is begged for as before Opinion, such as based on ignition timing one by one this ability of fast modulation operating room torque output can allow preferably to control Vibration, noise and fuel consumption.
Actuator 116a/116b can control the intake valve 120a/120b of operating room 102 using diversified mechanism Opening and closing.Such as in a number of different embodiments, each intake valve is by cam-actuated and/or Mechanical course 's.Such as in the embodiment shown, actuator 116a and 116b is point of independent operation intake valve 120a and 120b respectively The cam opened.In some designs, can stall campaign in the valve system be set, valve lifter can be collapsed, gap tune can be collapsed Section device can collapse roller and refer to follower or can collapse concentric bucket, to allow to deactivate the valve.These devices can allow intake valve in office It is activated or deactivates in what given working cycles.In some embodiments, can also be come using the camshaft axially moved Control valve moves, wherein different cam protrusions can deviate to engage with air inlet valve lever.In this case, these are convex It can be zero promotion protruding portion to take turns one of protruding portion, to effectively deactivate the cylinder.In some embodiments, it can use only Single intake valve, and the opening of valve can track two or more different lifting curves and based on its progress.It can be with Different curves is generated using different cams or by using more complicated valve system.It should, however, be understood that various differences Other design be also it is possible, it is such as discussed herein later.The actuating of intake valve can mechanically, electromechanical ground, Electricity hydraulically or using any other suitable mechanism carries out.
The intake valve and air bleeding valve of operating room 102 can be activated and controlled using diversified system.In Fig. 2-7 Illustrate some exemplary designs.Fig. 2-7 is exemplary operation room valve control system (for example, the work shown in Figure 1A and 1B Make room control system 100) diagrammatic top view.Fig. 2-7 respectively illustrates operating room 102, actuator 116a/116b, intake valve 120a/120b, air bleeding valve 122a and possible additional air bleeding valve 122b.It is drawn between actuator and specific valve Line indicates：The actuator controls the opening and closing of the valve.Generally, when being drawn between actuator and two or more valves When line, it means that when the actuator is activated, these valves must all be activated during selected working cycles； Alternatively, if the actuator is not activated during working cycles, these valves are during the working cycles It must all be deactivated.If without drawing line between actuator and specific valve, it means that the actuator does not control this A specific valve.Above-mentioned actuating can use any suitable technology or mechanism, for example by using including one or more convex The cam assembly of wheel and/or camshaft executes.
There may be various different valves to control arrangement.Such as in fig. 2, intake valve 120a and air bleeding valve 122a Side (that is, side of line of symmetry 105) in operating room 102.Intake valve 120b and air bleeding valve 122b is located at the another of operating room 102 Side (that is, other side of line 105).Actuator 116a controls these valves on the side of the operating room 102 (that is, intake valve 120a and air bleeding valve 122a), and another actuator (actuator 116b) controls these valves on the other side of the operating room (that is, intake valve 120b and air bleeding valve 122b).
Fig. 3 illustrates slightly different arrangement.In this example, each actuator 116a/116b controls the operating room Side on an intake valve and the operating room the other side on an air bleeding valve.That is, actuator 116a controls air inlet Valve 120a and air bleeding valve 122b, and actuator 116b controls intake valve 120b and air bleeding valve 122a.
It is above to arrange that different flowings is generated in the inside of the operating room 102.For example, if actuator control should Intake valve and air bleeding valve (for example, as shown in Figure 2) on the same side of operating room, then flow to the sky of the air bleeding valve from the intake valve Gas tends to the centre for being not passed through the operating room or central axial line 106.If the actuator controls on the not homonymy of the operating room Intake valve and air bleeding valve (for example, as shown in Figure 3), then the air flowed between the intake valve and air bleeding valve tend to across The centre of the operating room or central axial line.This may cause different shadows to the vortex of air and multiple gases in the room or rolling It rings.Different control programs and arrangement for actuator and valve may assist in the desired amount of vortex of interior realization.Generally, What the vortex of moderate was desirable to.It is vortexed if there is too many, then may cause too many thermal convection current to the wall of the operating room.Such as There are less vortexs for fruit, then the burn rate in the operating room may be very low.
The control of other valves arranges to be also possible.Such as in Fig. 4, actuator 116a controls the side of the operating room 102 On an intake valve 120a and the operating room the other side on two air bleeding valve 122a/122b.Another actuator 116b controls remaining intake valve (intake valve 120b).Therefore, whenever enabling actuator 116b carrys out the mistake in selected working cycles Intake valve 120b is opened in journey and it is desirable that when discharge event occurs, it is also necessary to enable actuator 116a.In other words, Mei Dang When wishing to occur discharge event in selected working cycles, it is necessary to enable actuator 116a and be incited somebody to action during the working cycles Open intake valve 120a and the two discharges 122a and 122b.Exhaust can be helped improve by opening the two air bleeding valves, that is, just Discharge gas is discharged from the operating room (i.e. before induction stroke starts) before the piston reaches top of dead center.
Fig. 5 illustrates another valve control system.In this example, actuator 116a controls the side of the operating room 102 On an intake valve 120a and the two air bleeding valves 122a and 122b.Another actuator 116b has similar work( Can, i.e., it controls the intake valve 120b on the other side of the operating room and also has the two air bleeding valves 122a and 122b.This arrangement Also cause the two air bleeding valves 122a/122b it is desirable that occur exhaust events selected working cycles during and/or whenever One of these intake valves 120a/120b is activated when being activated during selected working cycles.If actuator 116a or 116b is activated, then these air bleeding valves 122a and 122b will be activated.However, compared with Fig. 4, when it is desirable that combustion incident occurs When, intake valve 120b can be opened during selected working cycles, without opening intake valve 120a.
Although above example is related to band there are two the operating room of intake valve and two air bleeding valves, this is not required, and And the operating room may include any appropriate number of intake valve and air bleeding valve.For example, Fig. 6 illustrates air inlet there are two bands The operating room 102 of valve 120a/120b and single air bleeding valve 122a.Actuator 116a controls the air inlet on the side of the operating room Valve 120a and control air bleeding valve 122a.Actuator 116b control the intake valve 120b on the other side of the operating room 102 and Control air bleeding valve 116b.Therefore during selected working cycles, if it is desired to if discharge event occurs, whichever into Air valve is opened, and air bleeding valve 122a is opened.
Fig. 7 describes different control programs, which is directed to band, and there are two intake valve 120a/120b and lists The operating room 102 of one air bleeding valve 122a.In this exemplary arrangement, actuator 116a is controlled on the side of the operating room 102 Intake valve 120a and control air bleeding valve 122a.Actuator 116b controls the intake valve on the other side of the operating room 120b.Compared with control system demonstrated in Figure 6, actuator 116b does not control air bleeding valve 122b yet.Therefore, if selected Wish that exhaust events occur during working cycles, then must enable actuator 116a and be switched on intake valve 120a. That is, during occurring to burn and discharge the selected working cycles of event in the operating room 102, intake valve 120b will not be Unique intake valve for activateding but activated always with together with intake valve 120a.However, during selected working cycles Intake valve 120a and air bleeding valve 122a can be opened, while intake valve 120b keeps deactivating.
Fig. 8 and 9 describes another type of control program, which is related to that continuing for intake valve opening can be changed The actuator of time and timing.In other words, in some examples in the above example, actuator can only realize two states- It deactivates corresponding intake valve or enables corresponding intake valve.If intake valve is activated, the timing of the opening of the intake valve and hold The continuous time is fixed during selected working cycles.However, in other embodiments, which has the function of additional. That is, the actuator can realize following multiple cam contours or valve promotes setting, each of they have different valves just Shi Tezheng.
The example of this approach is illustrated in figs. 8 and 9.Fig. 8 and 9 is related to single intake valve 120a, air bleeding valve The operating room 102 (Fig. 9) of 122a and actuator 116a.As seen in Figure 9, actuator 116a is controlled in the operating room 102 All valves.In order to change the output of the operating room, actuator 116a is arranged to for promoting adjustment setting or cam based on valve Profile is promoted selectively to adjust the valve of intake valve 120a.
Fig. 8 is the curve graph 800 for indicating valve promotion with time change.Curve 802 and 804 represents two valves and promotes tune Whole setting.Actuator 116a is arranged to operate the intake valve for promoting any of adjustment setting based on these valves 120a.In a number of different embodiments, actuator 116a can be based on converting between multiple settings to working cycles one by one. Curve 800 indicates the duration that intake valve 120a is opened and how degree becomes from a setting to next setting Change.That is, for the setting representated by curve 804, intake valve 120a is opened most during selected working cycles Big valve lifting capacity and time quantum are more than by the setting representated by curve 802.Therefore, different settings causes different amounts of air It is delivered to operating room 102, which results in the outputs of the torque of the different level of operating room 102.Any suitable skill can be used Art or valve adjustment mechanism promote the implementation that adjustment is arranged to execute different valves.
As indicated above, it can help to control the indoor gas of the work using some in the above valve control system Rolling and/or vortex.It can further improve the control to the indoor gas stream that works by the design of specific intake channel.Figure Multiple and different examples of such design are illustrated in 10 and 11.
For comparative purposes, Figure 10 is the intake channel 1006a/ of operating room 1002 and its associated conventional design The top view of 1006b.This two intake channel 1006a/1006b are respectively by two intake valves of the operating room 102 and air inlet discrimination Pipe 1014 is connected.In this example, separated intake channel 1006a/1006b is by using altogether single intake channel 1004 Channel wall 1112 is demarcated and is formed.It should be noted that every intake channel central axial line (axis 1008a and Do not intersect with the central axial line of the operating room 1010 1008b).(central axial line 1010 is construed as rising from the page Line)
Figure 11 illustrates another intake channel design according to a particular embodiment of the present invention.In fig. 11, two air inlets are logical Road 1106a/1106b inlet manifold 1114 and operating room 1102 are connected and respectively with the independent air inlet in the operating room 1102 Valve is connected.These intake channels 1106a/1106b is in splayed, i.e., they are not parallel to extend each other and are with certain angle Degree is connected with the operating room 1102.In the embodiment shown, the intake channel 1106b and use of an operating room 1102 are used for Intake channel 1122 in operated adjacent room 1120 shares inlet air flow path, but in other embodiments, it is used for adjacent work The intake channel for making room is distinct.
Every intake channel 1106a/1106b institute's angle degree that is connected with operating room 1102 causes every intake channel The central axial line 1108a/1108b (substantially) of 1106a/1106b intersects with the central axial line 1110 of operating room 1102.Due to this Kind design, the air delivered using these intake channels 1106a/1106b are directly delivered to the center of the operating room, thus Vortex or mixed amount may be reduced for being arranged in Figure 10.Such arrangement (is optionally shown with Fig. 1-7 Valve system it is combined) control to the gas motion in the operating room 1102 can be helped improve.
Additional adjustment can be made to the design of the operating room and entered in the operating room further to control air Delivering and/or the flowing of the gas in the operating room.In some embodiments, for example, the intake valve of operating room is (for example, Figure 1A With the intake valve 120a/120b of 1B) there is different size and/or diameter.That is, their shape, size or design cause to wear The air velocity for crossing these valves is different.Air is asymmetrically delivered in operating room to may assist in the operating room and is drawn It rises and is vortexed, what this may be desirable in some cases.
When the intake valve of operating room is independently controlled (for example, as described in Fig. 1-7), they can also be followed not With valve lifting curve and/or open/close the time with different.These curves and valve, which open/close the time, to be mixed And be consistent with available valve control device matching as desired.For example, can activate an intake valve makes to realize The lifting curve that valve is opened in entire induction stroke and closed soon after the bdc.This lifting curve allows to introduce most Big air inlet amount and common timing and lifting curve can be referred to as.Another intake valve is actuated to realize that intake valve carries Preceding closing (EIVC) or intake valve late release (LIVC) curve.Both EIVC and LIVC curves and timing cause and are commonly promoted Curve is introduced compared to reduced air.Engine will be caused to be run with Otto cycle using common timing and lifting curve, i.e., its Middle valve timing generates substantially maximum air inlet amount.Less air inlet amount will be generated using the timing of EIVC or LIVC valves simultaneously And therefore lead to lower effective compression ratio.This is commonly known as started using Ai Jinsen or Miller (Miller) cycle to run Machine.It may assist in operating room's output, vibration, noise and fuel efficiency using different lifting curves and timing and volume be provided Outer control.
It is related to use about the specific lifting curve of one or more intake valves and/or valve timing to generate specified torque water Flat specified scheme is referred to herein as valve control program.Accordingly, it is possible to which there are multiple and different to be used for from the operating room being ignited Generate the valve control program of corresponding different level (for example, low, moderate and/or high) torque.Each valve control program is related to solely The vertical each intake valve controlled in the operating room so that each intake valve recycles (example using specific lifting curve and/or timing Such as, Otto, Ai Jinsen etc.) it operates.Multiple intake valves that particular valve control program may cause to operating room be using same or Different lifting curves and/or timing recycle to operate.
Referring now to Figure 12 A-12E, some between such valve control system and the valve control system of routine are described Difference.For comparative purposes, Figure 12 A illustrate the mistake of air inlet and compression stroke that operating room is recycled in exemplary Otto (Otto) Multiple and different operation phase in journey, the cycle use in many automobile engines at present.The operating room include two into Air valve (intake valve 1202a and 1202b), the two intake valves are all based on common timing to be come in an identical manner with lifting curve Operation, it is run with Otto cycle so as to cause engine.
During the induction stroke, the two valves 1202a/1202b is opened.Piston 1206 is from top dead centre (TDC) It is moved to lower dead center (BDC).Substantially 40 ° before the piston 1206 reaches BDC, which, which is promoted, reaches its maximum point.Once should Piston 1206 reaches BDC, and compression stroke is begun to.The piston is then returned towards top dead centre (TDC) is mobile.After BDC substantially 40 °, these intake valves are turned off.
In Ai Jinsen cycles, these intake valves can be advanced or delayed closing.The former is referred to as intake valve and closes in advance It closes (EIVC).The example of EIVC valves operation is illustrated in Figure 12 B.In Figure 12 B, the two intake valves 1202a/1202b is root It is operated according to EIVC Ai Jinsen cycles.Intake valve 1202a/1202b at the end of induction stroke the piston 1206 reach BDC it When be closed.This is more much earlier than the Otto cycle shown in Figure 12 A, in the cycle the 40 ° of closings of these intake valves evening.Cause This, compared with Otto cycle, these intake valves are closed early and stay open the shorter period, in the operating room It is middle to generate less air and generate lower torque output.
Figure 12 C illustrate alternative Ai Jinsen cycles, and two intake valves are followed relative to the Otto of standard in the cycle Closing is delayed by for ring.This approach is referred to as intake valve late release (LIVC).Exemplary L IVC valves are illustrated in Figure 12 C Control system.As shown, in the centre of the compression stroke, these intake valves 1202a/1202b is closed for substantially 90 ° after the bdc It closes.In contrast, in exemplary Otto cycle, the 40 ° of closings after the bdc of these intake valves.This causes relatively small amounts of Air is delivered to the operating room, because being delivered to the more air of the operating room during charging stage in the pressure The operating room is pushed out in contracting stroke procedure.
Due to being delivered to the air of the operating room for Otto cycle from the inlet manifold in being recycled in Ai Jinsen Reduce, so the torque output generated by the operating room lights a fire is less.However, Ai Jinsen cycles are generally followed than Otto Ring has more fuel efficiency, because the burning capacity of major part can be converted to useful torque.With the work of Ai Jinsen circular flows Making room can make the operating room be run at its minimum BSFC operating point or near it.
In the example shown in figure 12 above A-12C, based on same cycle while two intake valves are enabled.Figure 12 D- 12E contemplates a variety of realization methods, and in these realization methods, multiple independent controls are opened and closed based on different cycles Intake valve.These described intake valves can use any one of above-mentioned technology (such as to combine figure in these embodiments Described in 1A, 1B and 2-11) it controls or activates.
In fig. 12d, intake valve 1202b is operated using EIVC Ai Jinsen cycles.Air inlet is operated using Otto cycle Valve 1202a.Therefore, as shown, when piston 1206 is in compression stroke early stage, intake valve 1202a is after the bdc substantially 40 ° of closings.However, when piston is in BDC, intake valve 1202b earlier, is i.e. probably closed at the end of induction stroke.
It is to be operated using Otto cycle and intake valve 1202b is ended using LIVC that Figure 12 E, which illustrate intake valve 1202a, The system that Jin Sen recycles to operate.Therefore during compression stroke, intake valve 1202b more close laters than intake valve 1202a, i.e., At substantially 90 ° after the bdc rather than about 40 ° after the bdc.
Using different cycles various potential advantages are provided to operate intake valve.For example, it is provided Control another means of the indoor flowing of work.For example, in fig. 12d, air asymmetrically enters operating room 1206 In.That is, during the charging stage, when passing through the air of an intake valve (intake valve 1202a) more than another intake valve Between it is longer.This may run the gas in the operating room and cause desirable influence, such as may cause increased vortex. In Figure 12 E, during compression stroke, the air released from an intake valve (for example, intake valve 1202b) is than another air inlet The valve more time is longer.This asymmetry air stream can advantageously increase burning charge movement (that is, be vortexed and roll), to Improve combustion characteristic.
In some approach, these intake valves are to deviate, i.e., they are relative to each other stage by stage.In Figure 12 F Illustrate the example of this approach.Intake valve 1202a and 1202b is operated based on same Otto cycle but is opened and closed Time is to deviate.That is, intake valve 1202a is opened than intake valve 1202b and is closed earlier earlier.This system is substantially It works similar to the system shown in Figure 12 E.Air leaves the operating room in a manner of asymmetric, this may influence the work Make the vortex in room.Bias can be widely varied according to the needs of specific application.
It is that can depend on how to carry out the additional advantage of multiple intake valves of independent operation operating room using different cycles These valves are operated to provide the high level control of the torque output to the operating room.Referring next to Figure 13 A and 13B, describe Multiple and different example valve control programs.That is, the chart shown in Figure 13 A and 13B is indicated how with different sides Formula operates intake valve to generate the torque of different level.In some embodiments, the valve control shown in Figure 13 A and 13B Scheme has used the system shown in Figure 12 D and 12E respectively.
Figure 13 A describe a kind of operating room's valve control system, for example logical there are two in operating room's valve control system It crosses different actuators or cam carrys out the intake valve of independent control.The valve control system, which can have, combines Fig. 2-7 and/or Figure 12 D The arbitrary characteristics of described system.During selected working cycles, intake valve 1202a can be by using Otto cycle It is deactivated or activates (hereinafter referred to as " common valve ").During the selected working cycles, intake valve 1202b can also lead to It crosses and is deactivated or activates on (hereinafter referred to as " EIVC valves ") using Ai Jinsen (EIVC) cycles.Therefore, to the common valve and EIVC Valve, four different valve control programs are possible, this will generate four kinds of different results 1302/1304/1306/1308, this A little results are shown in the chart 1300 of Figure 13 A.
In result 1302,1304 and 1306, operating room is ignited during selected working cycles and by this The torque output level lighted a fire and generated depends on the valve control program.Result 1302 in the chart indicates, if this two A intake valve is activated, then the torque output of highest operating room may be implemented.This also creates the vortex of some moderate amount.If EIVC Valve is deactivated and the common valve is activated, then can generate time high-caliber operating room's output (result 1306).As the EIVC When valve is activated and the common valve is deactivated, the operating room for generating next highest level exports (that is, than 1302 He of result 1306 lower outputs) (result 1304).This is because EIVC operations limit the air capacity for being delivered to the operating room.It is tying In fruit 1304 and 1306, the vortex (that is, than higher in result 1302) of higher amount can be generated, is promoted because enabling only one valve Into the flowing and mixing of the gas in the operating room.Furthermore it is possible to deactivate the two intake valves, it means that in selected work Do not occur to burn and do not generate torque output during cycle, such as be indicated by result 1308 in the chart of Figure 13 A.
Figure 13 B include the chart 1350 of similar structures, but in this drawing, intake valve 1202b can be by using Chinese mugwort Jin Sen (LIVC) recycles (hereinafter referred to as LIVC valves) to deactivate or operate.Valve 1202a can be based on Otto cycle (hereafter by Referred to as common valve) it deactivates or operates.Therefore, for selected working cycles, the different valve control program of following four is same It is possible：1) LIVC valves are activated, common valve is activated, combustion incident occurs；2) LIVC valves are deactivated, common valve is caused Dynamic, generation combustion incident；3) LIVC valves are activated, common valve is deactivated, combustion incident occurs；4) LIVC valves are deactivated, commonly Valve is deactivated, combustion incident does not occur.The result of each valve control program is shown in Figure 13 B.Valve control for implementing Figure 13 B The valve control system of any one of scheme processed can have the arbitrary spy for combining system described in Fig. 2-7 and/or Figure 12 E Sign.
These results shown in chart 1350 in the chart 1300 of Figure 13 A these are quite different.Specifically, When common valve is activated and LIVC valves are deactivated, highest operating room torque output (result 1356) is realized.If the two Valve is activated, then realizes lower, moderate level operating room's output (result 1352).This is because in the two valves quilt When actuating, due to late release of LIVC valves during compression stroke, some air for being passed through the two valves are pushed away Go out the operating room.If common valve is deactivated and LIVC valves are activated, the output of low-level operating room is also achieved (that is, small In the output in result 1352) (result 1354).In result 1358, two intake valves are deactivated and do not generate torque Output.
As previously discussed, as a result 1354 and 1356 it is related to the vortex than 1352 higher amount of result, this is because air Asymmetrically it is delivered to operating room.In addition, LIVC valves and the common valve can also be all deactivated (result 1358), that is, skip The operating room.
The chart shown in Figure 13 A and 13B indicates, using independent control intake valve and different valves is made Allowed to obtain increased flexibility in the operation of the operating room with different cycles.That is, the operating room can realize three or The torque output of four different levels.In addition, the operating room can selectively to single valve using Ai Jinsen recycle so as to Some other technologies (for example, being exported by adjusting spark timing, air throttle etc. to reduce torque) are compared to have more fuel efficiency Mode generate reduced levels torque output.
It is to be understood that not needing all working room valve control system all having the same in engine.But it can be with Operating room is divided into two or more different groups, these groups respectively have different abilities.For example, one or more A operating room can only realize both of which (that is, deactivate or light a fire when activating all intake valves) or only one mode (that is, igniting is without being skipped in each engine cycles).However, other operating rooms can have above in association with Fig. 1- The intake valve of multiple independent controls described in 13.The operating room of such mixing group still allows more for conventional engine Big flexibility and control and for each operating room therein can realize the engine of multistage torque output Help to reduce hardware cost and complexity.
Figure 14 A-14H describe various different exemplary operation room and arrange.Each of these figures figure includes tool There are multiple cells and the chart about motivation level and the index of number of cylinders.Each chart is indicated in exemplary four cylinder The different dynamic that each cylinder (being identified with number 1-4) can be realized in engine is horizontal (that is, torque output level).That is, such as Fruit cylinder has cell associated with motivation level 1 is filled in, then this means that the cylinder can be ignited to generate height Torque output (for example, the maximum permissible outputs of CTF=1.0 or 100%).If cylinder has and fills in 2 phase of motivation level Associated cell, then this means that the cylinder can be ignited generate the output of low or part torque (for example, CTF=0.7 or 70% maximum permissible output).If cylinder has cell associated with motivation level 3 is filled in, this means that should Cylinder can be deactivated (therefore not generating torque output during selected working cycles).
In the embodiment shown, only three motivation levels are obtainable, however these vapour in other embodiments At least some of cylinder can generate more than three motivation levels, such as shown in Figure 13 A-13B.In Figure 14 A-14H Each chart indicates different arrangement and the combination of operating room/valve system with different abilities.Described in these charts These cylinders are arranged to using (for example, being discussed in conjunction with Fig. 1-13) valve control system described herein, operation Different motivation levels is generated with any one of feature.
Each chart is also associated with fuel efficiency values.Each fuel efficiency values are the simulations carried out based on inventor.This A value is indicated to be had relative to conventional four cylinder engine (for example, without any ability for capableing of cylinder deactivation) configuration Estimation fuel efficiency gain.It is to be understood that with the associated fuel of each of these charts in Figure 14 A-14H Efficiency value is preliminary, is based on experimental simulation and may variation for different engine designs and application.
For comparative purposes, Figure 14 A are the charts for indicating following cylinder configuration, and all cylinders are only capable of in the cylinder configuration Enough realize two motivation levels, i.e., the torque output that each cylinder can be skipped or light a fire to generate single level.It can be with Such configuration is used in skipping ignition type engine control system.In this type of design, during primary igniting in office, Two intake valves are activated.Pass through the MAP of the cam phaser and all cylinders of control of the opening and closing time of control valve Air throttle can adjust air inlet amount associated with lighting a fire.These control systems do not allow to the defeated of the operating room of isolation Go out to carry out big quick adjustment.Although the output of operating room can be reduced by postponing spark timing, it is generally desirable to It is to avoid this control method, because it is low fuel efficiency.There is cylinder configuration shown in Figure 14 A moderate fuel to imitate Rate, because igniting helps to reduce the pumping loss in operating room and in some cases can be close to most under such conditions Good fuel efficiency by cylinder firings.
The configuration of the conventional engine of Figure 14 B shows with cylinder deactivation.Two cylinders are in each cycle of engine It is ignited, cannot be deactivated in the process.During selected working cycles, two other cylinders can be ignited to generate The torque of single level is exported or is deactivated.Since such engine cannot skip each cylinder, so its fuel efficiency can The configuration shown in Figure 14 A can be slightly less than.However, relative to the single-stage for all cylinders (for example, as shown in Figure 14 A) For skipping ignition type engine design, it may be required that less hardware supports such system.
Figure 14 C describe following configuration, and in the configuration, each cylinder can realize three output level：It is deactivated and (does not have Have torque output) and lighted a fire with other two different motivation level.Such configuration can be by using institute in the application (such as independent control is recycled etc. for the intake valve of each cylinder, based on Otto and Ai Jinsen to grasp the valve control system of description Make intake valve) any one of realize.Such approach can provide the notable gain of fuel efficiency.However, it is also possible to want Each cylinder is asked to have additional hardware and valve control correlated characteristic.
Figure 14 D represent simpler approach, and two cylinders can realize three power marked in Figure 14 C in the approach It is horizontal.However, other two cylinder is can not deactivating and horizontal with single power during each cycle of engine Igniting.Accordingly, with respect to the conventional non-cylinder skipped in ignition type engine, cylinder 2 and 3 may require few or should not Seek additional hardware.
In some embodiments, the cylinder 1-4 marked in Figure 14 D is arranged to utilize in the engine in maximum efficiency Space.The example of such arrangement is shown in Figure 15.Figure 15 is the top view of one group or an exhaust casing 1-4 in engine 1500 Figure.Cylinder 1 and 4 is positioned at the both ends of this group, and cylinder 2 and 3 is located at the centre of this exhaust casing.
Figure 15 illustrates following instance, can realize more output level/can realize deactivated cylinder in this example It is positioned at the both ends of one group of cylinder, and is positioned in less output level and/or the cylinder that cannot be deactivated Between.This allows additional hardware to be more easily attached on the cylinder at the both ends of this group；With this of less hardware requirement A little cylinders are positioned in the centre of this group, there is less space herein and each cylinder in either side by another vapour Cylinder defines.The embodiment shown includes four cylinders, it is to be understood that similar arrangement can be used for having more Or group/row (for example, there are three tools, the row of five or more cylinders) of less cylinder.In other words, multiple and different In realization method, outermost cylinder (such as one or more cylinders at the both ends of this row or near it) can be realized more multiple Output level, and internal cylinder (for example, closer to the centre of this row and/or both sides by other cylinders circular one or Multiple cylinders) there is less a output level.With two or more inblock cylinders/group engine in, each cylinder group/ Row can have arrangement same as shown in Figure 15.
The configuration that Figure 14 E are represented is the modification of shown configuration in Figure 14 D and/or Figure 15.In Figure 14 E just as In Figure 14 D, cylinder 1 and 4 can realize three output level.However, cylinder 2 and 3 can realize two output level (that is, They can be skipped or be lighted a fire with single torque output level).The configuration shown in Figure 14 E could be arranged to as Shown in Figure 15, because most inner casing (cylinder 2 and 3) may require less hardware than outermost cylinder (cylinder 1 and 4) and have Less associated output level.
In Figure 14 F, there are two output level for each cylinder tool, but the type of output level can be different.At this In illustrative configuration, there are two output level-, they can be ignited to generate single torque output level simultaneously the tool of cylinder 1 and 4 And it can also be deactivated during selected working cycles.Cylinder 2 and 3 cannot be deactivated but can export water with two differences Flat spot fire.The configuration of three or more output level can be generated relative to each cylinder therein, shown in Figure 14 F Configuration may require less hardware.Preliminary test further indicates, and such configuration is even skipped ignition type with single-stage and started It can quite have fuel efficiency that machine system (as shown in Figure 14 A), which is compared,.
Figure 14 G illustrate following configuration, and there are three two cylinders (cylinder 1 and 4) tools in the configuration in these cylinders Output level (that is, be deactivated and lighted a fire with two different torque output level).Another two cylinder (cylinder 2 and 3) cannot It is deactivated but can be ignited to generate two different torque output level.Configuration described in Figure 14 G can also be by It is arranged to as shown in figure 15.That is, with more multiple output level cylinder 1 and 4 be placed in the inblock cylinder/group both ends at, and Cylinder (cylinder 2 and 3) with less a output level be positioned in the row/group centre or interior section in.The institute as before It discusses, in a number of different embodiments, cylinder 1 and 4 requires more hardware to support additional output level, and the vapour Cylinder row/group outer end provide more spaces for such hardware to install.
Figure 14 H represent the variant that wherein all cylinders all cannot be deactivated or skip.However, each cylinder can be by It lights a fire to generate two different torque output level.In multiple and different realization methods, this configuration is relative to routine Smaller NVH can be had and can be realized more relative to cylinder therein by skipping for ignition type engine control system It may require less hardware for the system of multiple output level.
What any one of valve control system described herein may serve to implement to be shown in Figure 14 A-14H Embodiment.That is, the multiple and different embodiments shown in Figure 14 A-14H are related to one or more cylinders, these cylinders can be with The torque output for being deactivated and/or being ignited to generate multiple levels.Such multilevel torque output can be with varied Mode realize.For example, in some embodiments, each cylinder includes two intake valves, wherein each intake valve is by difference Actuator (for example, as described in Fig. 2-7) control.In order to generate high torque output, in the mistake of selected working cycles Cheng Zhong passes air through the two intake valves.In order to generate low torque output, during selected working cycles, make air It is released from the cylinder across only one intake valve or by LIVC valves by air.As shown in Fig. 2-7, one or more The control of a air bleeding valve can be completed by one or more actuators.In some approach, which is configured to have single One intake valve, valve promotion is adjustable in the valve so that the cylinder can be ignited defeated to generate multiple and different torques Go out horizontal (for example, as discussed in conjunction with Fig. 8 and 9).The configuration shown in Figure 14 A-14H can also be logical with above-mentioned valve It is used in the engine system of any one of road arrangement (for example, as in conjunction with described in Figure 10 A, 10B and 11).It sets at some In meter, it can realize that each cylinder of multilevel torque output operates different intake valves (for example, such as using different cycles It is discussed in conjunction with Figure 12 A-12E and 13A-13B).I.e., it is possible to technology (the example described in chart using Figure 13 A and 13B Such as, EIVC/LIVC valves and common valve are activated to generate specified torque output and deactivate one of these valves different to generate Second torque output, etc.) it is exported to generate the torque of the different level described in the chart of Figure 14 A-14H.
Multistage skips ignition type engine control system
Multiple and different embodiments of the present invention are related to a kind of multistage and skip ignition type engine control system.The engine One or more operating rooms can be ignited generate at least two different levels non-zero torque output.It can be based on one by one Control to ignition timing operating room's output torque.It can be based on ignition timing one by one by the way that cylinder firings or skip be controlled Make total engine torque output.Based on desirable engine torque, which determines for skip a little The mode of fire runs the igniting sequence of the engine.The sequence, which indicates, a series of to be skipped and lights a fire.For each igniting, the sequence Row indicate associated horizontal torque output.The operating room of the engine is run desired to deliver based on the igniting sequence Torque.It is such skip ignition type igniting sequence be referred to herein as multistage skip ignition type igniting sequence.
Described multistage skip ignition type engine control system embodiment can be used for it is described herein Any one of engine, operating room, intake channel and valve control system.Such as in a number of different embodiments, this is System generates igniting sequence, which is related to that one or more operating rooms lighting a fire with multiple torque output level.These works Make room respectively can by using independent control intake valve and/or air bleeding valve, by according to different cycle (such as Otto and Ai Jinsen) generated to run the intake valve of same operating room, and/or any other feature or technology in conjunction with described in attached drawing Such high or low torque output.It should, however, be understood that skip ignition type engine control system unlimited for described multistage In such system and operation, and they can be applied to can to generate operating room's output of multiple levels any engine or It designs operating room.It is particularly suitable for making the control system that igniting determines based on ignition timing one by one, but is not limited to this The control system of type.
Referring next to Figure 16, particular embodiments of the inventions herein is skipped into ignition type engine controller to describe multistage 1630.The engine controller 1630 includes igniting interpolater 1602, ignition timing determining module 1606, ignition control list Member 1610, powertrain parameter adjustment module 1608 and engine diagnostic module 1650.Engine controller 1630 is pacified It lines up and runs the engine in a manner of ignition type to skip.
Engine controller 1630 receives the input signal 1614 for representing desirable engine output and a variety of differences Vehicle operating parameters, such as engine speed 1632 and gearbox-gear 1634.Input signal 1614 can be as to wishing The engine of prestige exports or the requirement of torque is handled.Signal 1614 can be received from or be sensed from accelerator pedal position Device (APP) or other suitable sources, such as cruise control system, torque calculation machine, etc..Optional preprocessor can be with Change accelerator pedal signal before being supplied to engine controller 1630.It is to be understood, however, that in other embodiments, Accelerator pedal position sensor can be with 1630 direct communication of engine controller.
Igniting interpolater 1602 receives input signal 1614 (and when there are other suitable sources) and starts It machine speed 1632 and is arranged to be suitable for delivering the desired igniting score exported for determination.Multiple and different In embodiment, which is the ratio between instruction or representative igniting number and ignition timing number (that is, igniting number adds and skips number) Any data.
In some implementations, which initially generates effectively igniting score.It is multiple not In same embodiment, effectively igniting score (EFF) is that igniting score is normalized with the weighted average for ignition event with reference to vapour The product of cylinder air inflow.(score (different from igniting score) of correspondingly, in such embodiments, effectively lighting a fire may not have Explicitly indicate that out the ratio between igniting number and ignition timing number).In a number of different embodiments, which refers to cylinder air inlet It is individually associated with cylinder group that amount or cylinder torque score, which have at least two potential different nonzero values, the two values, 's.Mathematically, engine torque score (ETF) can be expressed as about effective igniting score (EFF)
ETF=EFF*CTFact H(equation 5a)
Wherein CTFact HIt is practical air inflow in highest air inflow horizontal cylinder group.It is there are two air inflow level to tool For system, high-level torque air inflow can be referred to as full air inflow, and low-level torque air inflow can be referred to as part Air inflow.In multiple and different example described above in this application, the torque capacity of generation by operating room lights a fire It is characterized as cylinder torque score (CTF), which gives instruction of operating room's the output phase for reference value.Example Such as, these CTF values can be relative under referenmce atomsphere pressure and temperature, that is, 100kPa and 0 DEG C and air valve appropriate With the operating room under spark timing to open the output torque of maximum possible that big air throttle generates.Of course, it is possible to use it His range and reference value.In this application, CTF is generally the value between 0 and 1.0, although it can be in some cases More than 1.0, such as in low atmospheric temperature and/or b.s.l. is operated in or in engine with supercharger.To being retouched in the application For some embodiments stated, full air inflow is related to 1.0 CTF values, and partial-air admission amount is related to 0.7 CTF values.It is clear For the sake of, these values will be used in the following description of the present invention, it should be appreciated that these values will depend on exact start Machine design and engine operational conditions and change.It is to be understood that the practical CTF that operating room is delivered can be according to these parameters Value adjusts.
In some embodiments, which is arranged to for determining horizontal score and the cylinder of lighting a fire Torque level (for example, as seen in equation 2), will be suitable for delivering desired by one or more combinations for exporting.These Combination can also be expressed as score (EFF) 1611 of effectively lighting a fire.In some designs, engine torque score (ETF) can be with table Reach the product of EFF and Dynamic gene α：
ETF=EFF*CTFact H=EFF*CTFR H* α (equation 5b)
Wherein CTFR HIt is reference cylinder torque score associated with the cylinder group with highest cylinder air inlet amount.As above It is described, CTF in the description provided hereR HIt is assumed to be 1, but this is not required.Dynamic gene α depends on starting Machine parameter setting (such as spark timing and air throttle and cam phaser position) and change.
The igniting interpolater 1602 can in a wide variety of ways be generated depending on the needs of concrete application Igniting score.Such as in some implementations, effectively igniting score be selected from effective igniting point bank for limiting in advance and/or Look-up table.Multiple and different realization methods is related to using look-up table, engine parameter is (for example, gear, hair based on one or more Motivation speed etc.), fuel consumption, maximum permissible CTF, and/or NVH associated with each effective igniting score determined Effect igniting score.These and other approach is more fully hereinafter described.
Once calculator 1602 determines that effectively igniting score, the score are communicated to ignition timing determining module 1606.Based on the effective igniting score received, which is arranged to send out a series of igniting lives Enable, these ignition orders make engine deliver the igniting number of the percentage and deliver required igniting output torque level with Generate desirable engine output.With various modes, for example using sigma delta converter or it can pass through This sequence is generated using one or more look-up tables or use state machine.Ignition timing determining module 1606 export this A series of firing command (sometimes referred to as drive pulse signal 1616) is delivered to ignition control unit 1610, the ignition control Unit commands actual ignition by guiding the ignition signal 1619 to these engine operating rooms 1612.
This serial ignition order sent out by the ignition timing determining module 1606 indicate skip and light a fire and with point The combination of the associated torque level of fire.In a number of different embodiments, for each igniting, which indicates specifically Torque output level, the torque output level are selected from two or more possible torque output level.The sequence can be taken Any suitable form.Such as in some embodiments, which is made of multiple values such as 0,0,0.7,1.This reality Example indicate, during next four ignition timings, associated operating room should be to skip, skip, lighting a fire (with compared with Low-level operating room's output, such as with reference to 70% etc. of the output of cylinder torque) and light a fire (defeated with high-caliber operating room Go out, such as 100% etc. exported with reference to cylinder torque).Indicate skipping and lighting a fire for the output of the operating room with multiple levels Igniting sequence be referred to herein as multistage skip ignition type igniting sequence.
The ignition timing determining module 1606 can determine igniting decision or igniting sequence in a wide variety of ways.Example Such as in multiple and different realization methods, it is multiple to determine which searches for one or more look-up tables Level igniting sequence.Multiple horizontal igniting sequences appropriate can be arranged to for maximizing while real fuel economy Existing acceptable NVH features.Influence NVH factor may include transmission gear, engine speed, cylinder air inlet amount and/or its His engine parameter.Based on one or more in effective igniting score, fuel economy, NVH Considerations and/or above-mentioned factor A, module 1606 selects multilevel igniting sequence from multiple igniting sequence options.In other realization methods, module 1606 makes Suitable igniting sequence is determined with sigma delta converter or algorithm.It can be come using any suitable algorithm or method It generates the igniting sequence of engine torque desired by delivering.It is described below in conjunction with Figure 17-22 for determining the igniting sequence Multiple technologies.
In the embodiment shown in the Figure 16 shown, the power cooperated with ignition timing determining module 1606 is provided Train Parameters adjust module 1608.Powertrain parameter adjustment module 1608 guides these engine operating rooms 1612 appropriate Setting selected powertrain parameter in ground is exported with ensuring that real engine output is substantially equal to required engine.Example Such as, in some conditions, in order to deliver desirable engine torque, it is necessary to adjust operating room and light a fire every time the output of generation. Powertrain parameter adjustment module 1608 be responsible for any suitable engine setting of setting (for example, aeration quantity, spark timing, Cam timing, Air Valve Control, exhaust gas recirculation, air throttle, etc.) so as to assist in ensuring that real engine output matching institute It is required that engine output.Therefore engine output be not limited to only under multiple discrete levels operation but it is multiple not With realization method in can be adjusted in a manner of continuously simulating by adjusting engine setting.Mathematically, one In a little approach, this can be expressed as in the output of each cylinder group including multiplication factor.Therefore can change equation 2 and It is combined with equation 5 so that
ETF=α * CTFR H* EFF=α1*CTFR 1*FF1+α2*CTFR 2*FF2+...+αn*CTFR n*FFn(equation 6)
Wherein α1、α2And αnRepresent the Dynamic gene in cylinder load associated with each cylinder group, and CTFR 1、 CTFR 2And CTFR nRepresent the reference cylinder torque score of each cylinder group.It is to be understood that the setting of some engines (such as Throttle position) adjustment of the influence to all cylinder groups, and some settings (such as spark timing and/or injection fuel mass) can To organize ground one by one or even adjust to cylinder one by one.In multiple and different realization methods, each different cylinder group will have Different spark timings and injection fuel mass.Every group of spark timing can be adjusted to provide optimum fuel effect for the group Rate, and injection fuel mass can be adjusted with to all groups of acquisitions substantially chemically correct fuel.In this case, injection combustion Doses will be generally proportionate with generated cylinder torque.
The engine controller 1630 further includes engine diagnostic module 1650.The engine diagnostic module 1630 is arranged At for detecting any engine problem in the engine (for example, pinking, loss of ignition etc.).It can use any of Technology, sensor or detection process detect these problems.In a number of different embodiments, if detecting problem, the hair Motivation diagnostic module 1650 just orders the ignition control unit 1610 to execute what multiple operations occurred to reduce the problem in future Possibility.In a number of different embodiments, it generates multistage and skips ignition type igniting sequence to solve the potential problems.Exist later The multiple exemplary operations that can be executed by engine diagnostic unit 1650 for example are described in conjunction with Figure 24 and 26 in the application.
It is to be understood that engine controller 1630 is not limited to ad hoc arrangement shown in Figure 16.It can be by institute's display module One or more of combine.Alternatively, the feature of specific module can be instead distributed in multiple modules.It comes from The one or more features of one module/component (alternatively) can be executed by another module/component.Based on following patent Application, engine controller can also include multiple additional features, module or operation：Including U.S. Patent number 7,954,474, 7,886,715,7,849,835,7,577,511,8,099,224,8,131,445,8,131,447 and 8,616,181；The U.S. is special Sharp application number 13/774,134,13/963,686,13/953,615,13/953,615,13/886,107,13/963,759,13/ 963,819、13/961,701、13/963,744、13/843,567、13/794,157、13/842,234、13/654,244、13/ 654,248,14/638,908,14/799,389,14/207,109 and 14/206,918；And U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 61/080,192,61/104,222 and 61/640,646, these applications are respectively incorporated herein by quoting for all purposes. Any feature, module and operation described in patent documents above can be added to shown engine controller 1630. In different replacement realization methods, a microprocessor, ECU or other computing devices can be used, analog component or number are used Word component, using programmable logic, using aforementioned items combination and/or come in any other suitable manner algorithmically real These existing functional blocks.
Referring next to Figure 17, will illustrate according to the specific embodiment of the invention for determining that multistage skips ignition type igniting The method of sequence.This method can be executed by the engine controller 1630 shown in Figure 16.
Initially, at step 1705, which is based on input signal 1614 (Figure 16), current power The machine speed of service, transmission gear, and/or other engine parameters determine desirable engine torque.Input signal 1614 are originated from any suitable one or more sensors or operating parameter, including, for example, accelerator pedal position sensor.
At step 1710, which determines the effective igniting point for being suitable for delivering desired torque Number.In a number of different embodiments, as previously discussed, which includes the igniting score of each cylinder group And both associated torque levels of the cylinder group.Effectively the determination of igniting score can be based on any suitable engine ginseng Number, such as gear, engine speed etc. and other engine features such as NVH and fuel efficiency.In some embodiments, Effective igniting score is selected from one group of predetermined effectively igniting score, this group effectively igniting score is determined as fuel efficiency And/or there is acceptable NVH features for given engine parameter.Can use any suitable mechanism, for example in conjunction with One or more look-up tables described in Figure 18 of the application generate or select effective igniting score.It illustrates in figure 18 An approach for determining suitable effectively igniting score.Figure 18 illustrates exemplary look-up table 1800, which includes The index of engine speed and igniting score (EFF).This table is associated with particular gears, it is possible to be existed for other Other tables of gear.Alternatively, in another version of the table shown, gear is the additional index to the table.For each Effectively igniting score and engine speed, the table indicate the permissible high-level work of maximum for still providing acceptable NVH performances Make room torque output.Each effectively igniting score is based on the horizontal associated igniting score of each igniting and in each level Under output combination.For tool, there are two the feelings that the multistage of the cylinder group with different torque levels skips ignition type engine Condition, the score (EFF) that will can effectively light a fire are expressed as igniting score (FF), and by the ratio between high level igniting number and total igniting number It is represented as HLF (height).The effective igniting score associated FF value different from these and HLF values are shown in Figure 19.
The fact that the maximum allows operating room's output valve to reflect is that NVH is generally tended in the operating room of higher level Output is lower to increase.Therefore, for any given engine speed and effective igniting score, it is desirable to ensure that operating room exports No more than specified level, so that NVH is maintained at acceptable level.In a number of different embodiments, the igniting score meter Device 1602 is calculated to search all over the table, to find it is one or more be suitable for delivering desired by torque and also meet the table Effective igniting score that operating room's output requires.
How the table can be used to help to illustrate, an example will be described.In this example, desirable to start Machine torque score is 0.2, and engine speed is 1300RPM.If associated with high-level firing cylinder group with reference to torsion Square value is maximum torque, then it is desirable to generate that score of effectively lighting a fire must equal or exceed the engine torque score Torque.Therefore in this example, only 0.2 or the EFF values of bigger can generate required torque output.Table in Figure 18 1800 list the possibility EFF value arrays more than 0.2 in row 1802.
The igniting interpolater can be searched all over row 1802 about these rows for 1300RPM engine speeds, be come It finds and optimal fuel efficient and suitable effective igniting of acceptable NVH is provided while engine torque required by delivering Score.
For example, consider that effectively igniting score is 0.57 when engine loading (engine torque score) is 0.2.Inspection It looks into the table 1800 to show, with the relevant torque level (CTF of equation 5a and 5b of high torque ignitingact H) it is necessarily less than 0.14 CTF (entry 1804) is to obtain acceptable NVH performances.However, it will only will produce the ETF of 0.57*0.14=0.08, this is remote Less than required torque level.Therefore, in this case, it will be not excluded for the EFF using 0.57, because it cannot expire simultaneously Sufficient NVH and torque demand.In a number of different embodiments, which it is straight to search these rows all over table 1800 To finding suitable effectively igniting score.Such as in 0.70 effective igniting score, desired torque is delivered and desired work Make room output (CTF)=0.2/0.70=0.29.Check that table shown in Figure 19 indicates, 0.7 EFF correspond to FF=1 with And HLF=0.Therefore, all these igniting are to light a fire with reference to the corresponding low-levels of CTF with 0.7 low-level, and own These ignition timings will be related to igniting and in this case there will be no skip.
The high-level operating room output for delivering desired torque and requiring is 0.29, and the value is less than described in table 1800 High-level operating room's output threshold value (0.58, entry 1806), it can be considered to start effective igniting score for running Machine.The igniting interpolater 1602 continues to search all over these rows and it was determined that multiple effective igniting scores meet the table The output of maximum functional room requires.Each such effectively igniting score is referred to herein as candidate effectively igniting score.
The igniting interpolater 1602 then selects one in these candidate effectively igniting scores.This selection can be used Any suitable way carries out.Such as in some implementations, the igniting interpolater 1602 search for another table or Module, the table or module indicate the opposite fuel consumption or efficiency for each in multiple effective igniting scores. Based on this fuel consumption information, which selects one in these candidate effectively igniting scores.That is, calculator 1602 selects Select most or highest fuel efficiency candidate effectively igniting score.Selected effective igniting score shows by adjusting starting Machine parameter delivers the output of desirable engine and necessary to realize desirable Dynamic gene (as described in about equation 5) , according to high level and low-level igniting torque export.In multiple and different realization methods, selected effective igniting point Number, which is normally based on, to be run with acceptable NVH performances while there is maximization fuel economy to carry out selection.Once Effective igniting score is selected or generated, the ignition timing determining module 1606 is just transmitted to.
Later, at the step 1715 of Figure 17, which determines that multistage skips ignition type igniting Sequence.The multistage skips ignition type igniting sequence and indicates a series of igniting decisions (that is, light a fire and skip).For in the sequence Each igniting, select operating room's torque output level.In a number of different embodiments, this choosing is indicated in the sequence It selects.
The multistage is skipped ignition type igniting sequence and can be generated with various modes, this depends on concrete application It needs.Such as in some implementations, which searches for one or more look-up tables, these lookups Table indicates the suitable igniting sequence of selected engine parameter (including score of preferably lighting a fire) based on one or more.Volume Other places or alternatively, the ignition timing determining module 1606 may include export these igniting determine and/or igniting sequences west Lattice agate delta converter or circuit.Various different example implementation is described in Figure 19-22 below.
Figure 19-20 illustrates a concrete implementation mode.In this realization method, the ignition timing determining module 1606 determine the multistage multiple features for skipping ignition type igniting sequence using one or more look-up tables.It is illustrated in Figure 19 Exemplary look-up table.Figure 19 is the igniting score indicated for each during one group is effectively lighted a fire score (EFF) (FF) and the table of high-level score (HLF).Igniting score (FF) indicates light a fire on the section of multiple ignition timings number and point The ratio between fiery opportunity number (for example, light a fire and skip).The igniting score not necessarily shows the torsion of fixed level for lighting a fire every time Square exports.Horizontal score (LF) be to aid in instruction respectively generate the igniting number of specific (such as high or low) horizontal torque output with it is total Any value of the ratio between igniting number.In the embodiment shown, high-level score (HLF) has been used, high level score instruction The ratio between high-level torque output igniting number and total igniting number.
In this particular instance, the operating room that operating room's igniting can be generated to two different levels exports：High level Torque output (such as 100% exported with reference to cylinder torque) and low-level torque data with reference to cylinder torque (for example, export 70%).Two horizontal torque outputs can be generated due to lighting a fire every time, so if HLF is 1/3, in some section The 1/3 of upper igniting number generates high-level torque output and the 2/3 of number of lighting a fire generates the output of low-level torque.Above system and refer to It is defeated with operating room's torque suitable for different realization methods, such as more than two level to show that object can be changed optionally Go out.
Using the look-up table shown in Figure 19, the ignition timing determining module 1606 is based on determined by step 1710 Score (EFF) effectively light a fire to determine that multistage skips the spy of ignition type igniting sequence (such as high-level score and igniting score) Sign.Therefore, in the example shown in Figure 19, if EFF is 0.57, score of lighting a fire is 2/3, and the high level score It is 1/2.
In a number of different embodiments, which, which then generates, meets identified igniting spy The multistage of sign skips ignition type igniting sequence.That is, in order to use examples detailed above, if igniting score is 2/3 and the high level Score is 1/2, then the ignition timing determining module 1606 generates the mixing for including multiple ignition timing results on selected section Igniting sequence.In the section, the 2/3 of decision of lighting a fire is igniting and 1/3 is to skip.In igniting, 1/2 is and high torque Export that associated and remaining is associated with low torque output.In some embodiments, which takes a system Arrange the form of CTF numerical value, for example, 0,1,0.7,0 sequence can indicate to skip, high torque output igniting, low torque output igniting And it another time skips.The igniting sequence can be generated using any suitable algorithm, circuit or mechanism.
Such circuit is illustrated in Figure 20.Figure 20 illustrate be the ignition timing determining module 1606 a part Sigma delta circuit 2000.In the example shown, which will be from the table of Figure 19 The igniting score (FF) of acquisition and high-level score (HLF) input suitable more to generate in sigma delta circuit 2000 Grade skips ignition type igniting sequence.Circuit 2000 can be realized using hardware or software (for example, as a part for software module Or realized with computer executable code).In the accompanying drawings, symbol 1/z indication lags.
The top section of circuit 2000 effectively implements single order sigma delta algorithm.In the circuit 2000, defeated Enter and igniting score (FF) is provided at 2002.At subtracter 2004, igniting score 2002 is added with feedback 2006.Summation 2008 It is transferred into accumulator 2010.Summation 2008 is added with feedback 2014 to generate summation 2012 by the accumulator 2010.Summation 2012 are used as feedback 2014 to be fed back to accumulator 2010.Summation 2012 is transferred into quantizer 2018 and is converted into binary system Stream.That is, quantizer 2018 generates igniting value 2020, which forms 0 and 1 sequence.Each 0 instruction should skip associated work Make room.Each 1 instruction should light a fire associated operating room.The igniting value be converted at converter 2019 floating number so as to Generation value 2022, the value are entered as feedback 2006 in subtracter 2004.
The bottom part of the circuit delivers desirable torsion about being indicated by each igniting indicated by value 2020 Square, the igniting should generate any horizontal torque output.Value 2022 is transferred into multiplier 2023, which also receives HLF 2001.The two input values are multiplied by the multiplier 2023.Therefore, if indicating to skip at value 2022, this causes multiplication The output of device 2023 is 0.Value 2026 is produced with comultiplication, which is transferred into subtracter 2035.The subtracter 2035 is from value Feedback 2027 is subtracted in 2026.The value 2037 of gained is transferred into accumulator 2028.The accumulator 2028 is by value 2037 and feeds back 2030 are added.The value 2032 of gained is fed back to accumulator 2028 and is also communicated to quantizer 2040 as feedback 2030. The quantizer 2040 converts the input into binary value, i.e., and 0 or 1.(for example, if input value 2032>=1, then quantizer Output valve is 1, and otherwise 0) output valve is.The high-level mark 2042 of gained indicates associated igniting and (is such as worth by igniting Indicated by 2020) whether it is the igniting that should generate high water twist square output.That is, in this example, if the high level indicates 2042 be 0, then associated igniting should generate low-level output.If the high level mark 2042 is 1, associated igniting High-level output should be generated.If (instruction of igniting value 2020 is skipped, and high-level mark 2042 will be 0 and be uncorrelated ).The high level mark 2042 is transferred into converter 2044, which converts the value to floating number.Gained number 2046 are used as feedback 2027 to be transferred into subtracter 2035.
Therefore foregoing circuit provides the multistage that can be used for running engine and skips ignition type igniting sequence.In this reality In example, based on igniting score (FF) (such as determination in the step 1710 of Figure 17 and/or in the look-up table of Figure 19), produce Igniting value 2020.If igniting value 2020 is 1, associated operating room is lighted a fire.For such igniting every time, high level Mark 2042 can be 0 or 1, this depends on (height) horizontal score 2001 (for example, as determined using the look-up table of Figure 19 ).If the high level mark is 1, which should generate the igniting of high level output.If it is 0, then the igniting should be Generate the igniting of low-level output.If igniting value 2020 is 0, associated operating room should be skipped.This zero is transmitted Associated high-level mark will be caused also to become 0 to multiplier 2023.Over time, which can generate two The value of binary stream, these values indicate igniting determine and operating room's output level, such as 1-0 (that is, igniting value 2020 be 0 or Person 1, high-level mark 2042 be 0 or 1), 0-0,1-0,0-1,1-1.
Figure 21 illustrates another circuit 2100, which is arranged to determined by such as step 1710 of Figure 17 Effectively igniting score (EFF) skips ignition type igniting sequence to generate multistage.Such circuit is sometimes referred to as multidigit or multistage Sigma delta.Since the input 2102 for representing effective igniting score, which is arranged to generate output 2130, should Output instruction is skipped, is exported with high-level torque and lighted a fire to light a fire or be exported with low-level torque.
In the circuit, 2102 (being the identified EFF in step 1710) of input are transferred into subtracter 2104.From this Feedback 2132 is subtracted in input 2102.The value 2106 of gained is transferred into accumulator 2107.The accumulator 2107 will feed back 2108 It is added with value 2106.The summation 2110 of gained is fed back to accumulator 2107 as feedback 2108.The summation 2110 is also transmitted To subtracter 2126 and subtracter 2112.Value 2124 is defined as 1, which indicates high-level operating room's output.2124 quilt of value It is sent to switch 2122 and subtracter 2126.Subtracter 2126 subtracts value 2124 with generation value 2128, the value from summation 2110 It is transferred into switch 2122.
Value 2114 is defined as 0.7 and is intended to refer to the output of low-level operating room in this example.Value 2114 is passed It send to subtracter 2112 and switch 2118.Subtracter 2112 subtracts value 2114 with generation value 2140, the value from summation 2110 It is transferred into switch 2118.
Switch 2118 receives three input values：Value 2114, value 2140 and value 2116.Value 2116 indicates floor level work Room exports (such as not generating skipping for torque).Switch 2118 according to value 2140 by value 2114 or value 2116 as its output valve come It transmits.If value 2140 is less than 0, the output valve of switch 2118 is equal to value 2116.It, should if value 2140 is greater than or equal to 0 The output valve of switch 2118 is value 2114.The output valve 2120 of the switch is passed to switch 2122.
Switch 2122 receives three input values：Value 2120, value 2128 and value 2124.The switch will be worth according to value 2128 2120 or value 2124 transmitted as output valve.If summation 2128 is less than 0, the output valve of switch 2130 is value 2120.Such as Fruit value 2128 is greater than or equal to 0, then the output valve of the switch 2130 is value 2124.The output valve of switch 2122 is as feedback 2132 It is sent to subtracter 2104.
The output valve 2130 of switch 2122 indicates igniting and determines, and if igniting decision is related to lighting a fire, it indicates that The torque output level of the igniting is how many.In the embodiment shown, which is 0,1 or 0.7.Therefore, base In input value 2102, output valve 2130 indicates that associated operating room is skipped, with height during particular duty cycle Horizontal output is ignited or is ignited with low-level output.Over time, circuit 2100 is arranged to for generating A succession of value (for example, 0,1,0.7,0.7,0,1 etc.), these values form multistage and skip ignition type igniting sequence (for example, indicating It skips, lights a fire with the igniting of high-level torque, with the igniting of low-level torque, with low-level torque, skip, lighted a fire with high-level torque Deng).
It should be noted that in the above-described example, multistage skip ignition type igniting sequence have at least three different levels 0, 0.7 and 1 mixing.By using these three different levels, many different sequences can generate same or analogous effective Igniting score.It can determine that these are more with the igniting interpolater 1602 or the ignition timing determining module 1606 (Figure 16) Grade is skipped which of igniting sequence and is produced most while output torque level required by delivering and acceptable NVH features Good fuel economy.Slightly violate intuitively, sometimes it may be desirable that be even when can be by using all low output torques When pulse provides total engine torque output, it is inserted into high torque output igniting, because may make using height output torque pulse The noise and vibration deviation resonance or other undesirable frequencies that engine generates.
Figure 22 is illustrated for determining multistage based on identified effective igniting score (EFF) in the step 1710 of Figure 17 Skip the another way of ignition type igniting sequence.In this approach, ignition timing determining module 1606 uses one or more A look-up table come based in step 1710 identified effective igniting score (EFF) selection multistage skip ignition type and light a fire sequence Row.
Figure 22 includes exemplary look-up table 2200.The look-up table 2200 indicates multiple and different multistages and skips ignition type point Fiery sequence.Each sequence (such as often going in the table) is related to multiple ignition timing results and is and different effective igniting point Number is associated.In the table, each ignition timing result is defined as 0 (specified to skip), 1 (specified to export water with high torque Flat spot fire) or 0.7 (specified to be lighted a fire with low torque output level).Each ignition timing is associated with specific cylinder, such as Indicated by these row associated with the cylinder 1-4 of 4 Cylinder engines.
In this example, the ignition timing determining module 1606 using the table 2200 come determine will delivering substantially with Identified effective multistage for lighting a fire the identical amount of engine torque of score skips ignition type igniting sequence in step 1710.Citing For, if effective igniting score is 0.47, associated igniting sequence is 0.7,0.7,0,0.7,0.7,0,0.7, 0.7、0、0.7、0.7、0.This means that in coherent working cycles, operating room is ignited, is ignited, being skipped, being ignited, It is ignited, is skipped, is ignited, is ignited, is skipped, is ignited, is ignited and is skipped.To being lighted a fire every time using 0.7 And there is no 1 to indicate, all operating rooms being ignited are ignited to generate low torque output, do not generate high torque output.
It is to be understood that Figure 18-22 is illustrated for determining that multistage skips only some modes of ignition type igniting sequence, and And above-mentioned technology can be changed optionally to meet the needs of different application.Such as in some implementations, it does not need Effectively igniting score is calculated, and/or does not require sigma delta converter.Multiple and different embodiments is related to determining that request is turned round Square (for example, as in conjunction with described in step 1705 of Figure 17) and the one or more look-up tables of inquiry are turned round to be based on the request Square come determine this skip ignition type light a fire sequence.In some approach, the function of these tables is instead by software module, software What code, algorithm or circuit provided.
Referring back to Figure 17, at step 1720, which skips igniting sequence by this and transmits To ignition control unit 1610.The ignition control unit 1610 then determines igniting to be assigned to associated operating room and phase Run these operating rooms with answering.That is, as discussed in conjunction with step 1715, in a number of different embodiments, in the sequence Each igniting is associated with a series of torque output level (such as high torque output, low torque export).The ignition control Unit 1610 is lighted a fire by each of the sequence and its associated torque output level is assigned to specific operating room.These works It is ignited and runs as room to generate its associated torque output level.
For example, if igniting sequence is indicated multiple operating rooms and is skipped, is ignited, simultaneously with high torque output in succession And be then ignited with low torque output, then the ignition control unit 1610 orders associated operating room to transport by this method Row.In a number of different embodiments, this can be related to being independently controlled the intake valve of associated operating room to generate This skips the different torque output level indicated in ignition type igniting sequence.It these operating rooms can be by using described herein In the valve control technology of (for example, being discussed in conjunction with Figure 1A, 1B, 2-11,12A-12F, 13A-13B, 14A-14H and 15) It is any to run the torque output level to generate different.These operating rooms can also have to be begged in this or the figures above The design of opinion or any one person in arrangement.It is to be understood that can be ignited in not every operating room/or skip or Person is with different torque levels come in multiple and different embodiments for controlling, the control method described in Figure 17-22 may include The limitation of identification engine hardware and command job room carry out high-level igniting/low-level igniting is suitably lighted a fire/and skip.
In a number of different embodiments, effectively igniting score (step 1710), determining igniting sequence, and/or needle are determined It is based on ignition timing one by one that selected working cycles and operating room's (step 1715) are selected with high or low horizontal torque output It executes.Therefore, multiple operations as described above can rapidly be held in response to the variation of requested torque or other conditions Row.In other embodiments, the above operation (such as is followed with slightly smaller frequency every an ignition timing or each engine Ring) it executes.
The operation of the method 1700 of Figure 17 can be executed using any one of these systems described in Fig. 1-15. For example, method 1700 is related to generating igniting sequence, and each igniting in the igniting sequence is and specific torque output level It is associated.In a number of different embodiments, these torque output level are begged in conjunction with Figure 13 A-13B and Figure 14 A-14H The different dynamic level or torque output level of opinion.That is, when implementing the igniting sequence in engine, (step 1720) of Figure 17 is simultaneously And selected operating room be ignited generate different level torque output when, using described in attached drawing valve control device and/ Or any one of other systems export to generate the torque of these different levels.
Transition between engine torque score and effectively igniting score
It is between managing different engine output torque levels to skip in ignition type engine control challenge Transition.Following instance is considered, wherein slightly stepping on acceleration pedal to indicate to wish more torques.The increase of this torque is asked Asking can only be realized by increasing to cylinder load more than the level of acceptable level of NVH is provided.So having selected difference Igniting score and horizontal score.However, if using new model suddenly, generated delivering change in torque may too suddenly And lead to the problem of individual NVH.Accordingly, it may be desirable to be two effectively igniting score between have more progressive transition.
Such transition can be managed using various technologies.For example, can adjust spark timing so as to Torque output is reduced in transient process.However, not having fuel economy usually using spark timing by this method.It is another A option is to skip ignition type engine control using multistage to manage transition.
A kind of example technique is described in Figure 23.Figure 23, which is illustrated, a kind of skipping ignition type engine control using multistage To manage the method 2300 of the transition between first and second score of effectively lighting a fire.Initially, at step 2305, use is specific Score effectively light a fire to run engine.Later, the engine (step is run using the second different preferred igniting score 2310).These different effective igniting scores are generally associated from different engine output torque levels, but Engine torque can be remained unchanged in effectively igniting score transition period under some cases.
These effectively igniting scores can respectively be related to running engine in a manner of skipping igniting.In some cases Under, it is understood that there may be various igniting patterns, and in other cases, it is understood that there may be the igniting pattern of limited quantity, such as Cylinder deactivation (rolling cylinder deactivation) in turn, wherein cylinder thus the point in alternate ignition timing Fire and skip.In some cases, effectively igniting score can correspond to variable displacement operation, such as wherein fix one group of cylinder It is deactivated or is run using whole cylinders.Even if the variable displacement operation carried out by fixed cylinder group is not to skip igniting behaviour Make (if engine hardware support), it is nonetheless possible to use arcing control carrys out the transition between multiple fixed displacement levels.At some In the case of, score of effectively lighting a fire can be zero, such as when sliding.Each of engine is being run using particular ignition score During operating status, which can use any one of these technologies in conjunction with described in Figure 16 to 22 to run.
At step 2315, the transition period between two effectively igniting score, engine skips ignition type using multistage Igniting sequence is run.The multistage is skipped ignition type igniting sequence and can be generated with various modes, this depends on tool The needs of body application.Such as in some implementations, which gradually rises during transition to one or more A medium igniting score.Multistage skip ignition type igniting sequence be based on the medium igniting score of the one or more come generating and And it is used to run engine during transition.The transition period this it is effective igniting score rate of change can be based on it is any Suitable engine parameter, such as absolute manifold pressure.Any in these technologies in conjunction with described in attached drawing can be used Kind (such as one or more look-up tables, sigma delta converter etc.) skips ignition type igniting sequence to generate the multistage. Extraly, it is described for the transitional period between multiple patterns in commonly assigned U.S. Patent Application No. 13/799,389 Between using the multiple technologies for skipping ignition operation, for all purposes, all the contents of the application are incorporated herein.It can also use Wherein described any technology.
A kind of approach, which is related to scheduled multistage skipping ignition type igniting sequence, to be stored in library (for example, one or more In look-up table).In a number of different embodiments, each skipping ignition type igniting sequence is and specific effectively igniting score phase It is associated.It is used for transition in order to determine suitable multilevel igniting sequence, the ignition timing determining module 1606 inquiry library And a sequence is selected from these predetermined sequences.Then engine is run during transition using selected sequence.
Consider following instance, in this example, use and four cylinder engine is run with down-firing sequence, wherein four work It lights a fire or skips based on pattern 0.7,0,0.7,0 in room.That is, these operating rooms 1-4 be repeatedly ignited, be skipped, being ignited, Be skipped, wherein every time igniting be low-level output igniting (such as being related to CTF=0.7).Therefore it is directed to such hair Motivation is run, and equivalent effective igniting score is 0.35.The engine then transitions to another type of engine operation, midpoint Fiery pattern will be 0.7,0.7,0.7,0.7.That is, these operating rooms will be lighted a fire repeatedly and no operating room is skipped.Every time Igniting will generate identical low-level output (such as CTF=0.7).Therefore it is run for such engine, this is effectively Score of lighting a fire is 0.7.I.e., it is assumed that other engine parameters (such as MAP and spark timing) are kept fixed, then from the first effectively igniting For score (0.35) to the transition period of second effective igniting score (0.7), engine output torque will be double.
In this example, which inquires one or more look-up tables.Based on associated Effectively igniting score, the one or more look-up table provide following transition multistage and skip (lower stroke below of ignition type igniting sequence Line)：
0,0.7,0,0.7 (first effective igniting score)
0,1,0.7,0
0.7,0.7,0,0.7
0.7,0.7,0.7,0.7 (second effective igniting score)
Next, with engine transition between two effectively igniting score, work is run based on above-mentioned transition mode Make room 1-4.Engine torque increases more step by step as a result, therefore helps to make the transition smoothly and improve occupant comfort Degree.
It is to be understood that igniting can be skipped using the traditional multistage being used above in varied engine type Formula igniting sequence.Accordingly it is not required to which each operating room in engine can be deactivated and/or in multiple torques Output level down-firing.It is possible that only one in these operating rooms or some will have an above-mentioned function, such as before combine Figure 14 A-14H are discussed.In the above example, for example, only first and third cylinder can be deactivated.This second and the 4th vapour Cylinder is ignited in each engine cycles and can be exported adjuster operating room between high level and low-level.
In some cases, the transition period between two effectively igniting score, in some applications it may be desirable to change the level Score.That is, in the engine control system of operating room's torque output for allowing to obtain multiple levels, effectively igniting score it Between transition period, it may be useful to, change using specific studio output level frequency.
Consider following instance, in this example, engine is lighted a fire at two and converted between score.When the first available point of use Fiery score is come when running engine, which is 1/2, and the operating room 1-4 of the engine uses 1-0-1-0 (for example, high-level operating room's torque export down-firing, skip, high-level operating room's torque export down-firing, skip) Sequence is run.When using second effectively igniting score come when running engine, which is 1, and this starts Machine is run using the sequence of 1-1-1-1 (that is, each operating room is ignited with high level output).Thus, it is supposed that other start Machine parameter is kept fixed, and transition period of the engine torque output between the two effectively igniting score is double.
Since above-mentioned igniting all refers to generate the output of maximum functional room, so for each of above-mentioned operating status Igniting score is equal to effectively igniting score (assuming that igniting is related to CTF=1.0 every time) and for the high level of both states Score (HLF) was 1 (that is, igniting 100% is related to high-level output).In this example, these operating rooms respectively also can be Low-level operating room torque exports (for example, CTF=0.7) down-firing.The feature of each effectively igniting score can be following values： (X, Y), wherein X=igniting score, and Y=HLF, as shown in figure 19.Therefore, both states be characterized as (1/2,1) with And (1,1).
Transition period between the two different effective igniting scores, it is sometimes desirable to, using with engine with Used different horizontal score when one or both of these states are run is started in a manner of skipping igniting to run this Machine.Under the background of above example, during transition, there is the variation that (1,0) is arrived from (1/2,1), i.e. 0.7-0.7-0.7-0.7 Igniting sequence.That is, in igniting subset in transient process between the two states, these operating rooms are exported with low-level (for example, CTF=0.7) lights a fire.Therefore effective igniting score is transitioned into 0.7 again to 1 from 1/2.It is used in the transition period low The advantages of level igniting is that NVH is relatively low caused by the igniting of this class.This is because these igniting are related to lower cylinder load And also because there is no skip in the igniting pattern.
In the above example, engine is used 1 when being run with fixed effective igniting score and in these fixed point Transition period between fiery score is run using 0 high-level score.Vice versa.In other words, following instance is considered, at this In example, each operating room can equally light a fire with one of following two output level：Height output level is (for example, CTF= Or low output level (for example, CTF=0.7) 1.0).In initial effectively igniting score, engine uses (1/2,0) to run. In target effective lights a fire score, engine uses (1,0) to run.That is, when being run with fixed effective igniting score, hair Motivation is run using 0 high-level score (that is, the torque that igniting generates reduced levels exports).However, the transition is related to Different high-level scores.In this example, engine is come using the horizontal score of 1 (1/2,1) in a manner of skipping igniting Operation.Therefore, which, which changes from 0.35 to 0.5, changes to 0.7.
In other embodiments, which can be filtered and is divided with final igniting initial to slow down Transition between number.This can be by filtering the igniting score, filtering the horizontal score or filtering the two quantity come real It is existing.It can be identical according to the property of transition or not for the igniting score and the filtering technique and time constant of horizontal score Together.The method for filtering and managing transition is described in U.S. Patent Application No. 13/654,244 and 14/857,371, is gone out In all purposes, these applications are incorporated in their entirety herein.These methods can be used in the transition period Any one of.Such as in some embodiments, by by FF with constant rate and by LF with computation rate list appropriate Ground is adjusted to be subject to transition to make EFF with constant rate transition.Alternatively, intermediate point can be first transitioned to and then be transitioned into Final score (such as 1/2 to 0.7, to 1), therefore LF or FF will not monotonously change.The median can according to look-up table come It determines；For example, the effect of 2D tables is fine, wherein be a dimension being starting score, second dimension is target fractional.It can add Add third dimension, such as the rate of change of engine parameter or accelerator pedal position.Also, in some cases, Ke Nengxi It hopes, maintain constant effective igniting score but changes the igniting score and horizontal score.In this case, FF and LF can be with constant opposite rate transition so that their product EFF is kept constant.
Knock detection and management
Ignition type engine control can be skipped using multistage to help to manage pinking.Pinking is tended in higher pressure More frequently occur at a temperature of or, such as when the maximum amount of air in operating room and fuel are come the torsion to generate highest possible of lighting a fire When square exports.Therefore, under selected conditions, it is desirable to, when having been detected by pinking, with lower torque output level It lights a fire to operating room.
Referring now to Figure 24, describe a kind of pinking skipped for reducing multistage in igniter motor control system can The exemplary method 2400 of energy property.Initially, it at step 2405, skips ignition type igniting sequence using multistage and starts to run Machine.That is, multistage, which skips the reception torque request of ignition type engine controller 1630 and generates multistage, skips ignition type igniting sequence It arranges to deliver desirable torque.The engine is run based on the igniting sequence.In a number of different embodiments, this is used The multistage of (for example, as described in Figure 16 or 17) described in application skips any in ignition operation, mechanism and/or system Person runs engine.
At step 2410, engine diagnostic module 1650 (Figure 16) detects one or more operating rooms of engine 1612 In pinking.The possibility pinking in engine can be detected using any suitable technology or sensor.Such as in some realities In existing mode, which receives the sensing data from one or more detonation sensor, these biographies Vibration patterns caused by these operating rooms of sensor detection by engine 1612.The engine diagnostic module 1650 analyzes these Vibration patterns are to determine whether to have occurred and that pinking.
(potential) pinking in operating room in response to detecting engine 1612, the engine diagnostic module 1650 requirement During working cycles so that operating room selected by one or more is only with one or more relatively low defeated selected by one or more Go out the fiery (step 2415) of level point.It considers exemplary multi-stage and skips ignition type engine control system, it is specific within the system Operating room can get off igniting in low (for example, CTF=0.5), medium (CTF=0.7) and high (CTF=1.0) level.Response In detecting (potential) pinking in specific studio, these operating rooms of the engine diagnostic module 1650 prevention are with one or more A selected horizontal (such as medium level and/or high level) lights a fire.In other words, can make (height) horizontal score reduce/ Change (from 1 to 0).This limitation can be applied to single operating room, operating room's subgroup or all working room.It can also be applied to The working cycles of selected quantity are applied to all working cycle with continuing predetermined time period.
In a number of different embodiments, which it is true by requirements above to be transferred to the ignition timing Cover half block 1606 so that the igniting sequence of skipping in future considers such limitation when determining that sequence carrys out delivery request torque It is interior.At step 2420, which is run in a manner of skipping igniting based on the requirement.That is, such as the institute in step 2405 Description ground operation engine, but carry out delivery request torque using only the operating room's output level being allowed to.
Pinking is tended to more frequently send out to generate when high torque exports (i.e. at higher CTF) when operating room is ignited It is raw.This is because the indoor pressure and temperature of the work tends to notable higher in such a situa-tion.In the presence of reduction operating room In pressure and temperature means, such as pass through adjust spark timing.However, such technology generally tend to have it is less Fuel efficiency.It is lighted a fire to limit to reduce torque output level by reducing air inlet amount, it can be to have more fuel efficiency Mode reduce the possibility of pinking.
Optionally, engine diagnostic module 1650 include for asked in response to high torque realize again high torque export The feature of igniting.At step 2425, engine controller 1630 receives high torque request, for example, being based on from accelerator pedal position Set the data that sensor receives.In a number of different embodiments, high torque request must be over predetermined threshold so that should Method proceeds to step 2430.
It at step 2430, is asked in response to the high torque, engine diagnostic module 1650 causes the engine control system System is continuing with height output igniting.That is, eliminating some or all of these limitations in height output igniting (in step 2415 What place implemented).At step 2435, engine diagnostic module 1650, ignition control unit 1610, and/or powertrain ginseng Number adjustment module 1608 executes one or more suitable operations to reduce the risk of further pinking.It can use any known Technology (such as spark timing adjustment) reduce the risk of pinking.
Deceleration cylinder interrupts service and startup/stopping feature
It is ignited in no operating room and manifold absolute pressure is increased to can also make in some situations of atmospheric level Ignition type engine control is skipped with multistage.For example, when vehicle is sliding and/or will stop, driver can be by him Or her foot is removed from accelerator pedal.It is referred to as subtracting it that case, multiple and different engine systems can be transformed into Fast cylinder interrupts the pattern of service (DCCO).In this mode in order to save fuel, these cylinders of engine are not needing It is deactivated when engine torque.During this period section, intake valve and air bleeding valve are switched off and do not have air from inlet manifold It is delivered in the operating room of engine.
Another situation is when implementing startup/stopping feature.That is, in some engine systems, when vehicle stop over When only, engine is not idle running but is switched off to save fuel.Under both situations above, due to do not have air from into Gas manifold is delivered in operating room, so manifold absolute pressure (MAP) is equal with atmospheric pressure.This existing problem is, when It depresses under accelerator pedal or when other certain engine demand for control torques again, high MAP may cause engine to deliver Than the torque of required bigger.If taken no action to mitigate this torque surge, vehicle and/or engine may dash forward So accelerate.
Ignition type engine control can be skipped using multistage to solve problem above.A kind of example is illustrated in fig. 25 Property method 2500.Initially, at step 2505, ignition type igniting sequence is skipped using multistage to run engine.That is, multistage It skips ignition type engine controller 1630 and receives multiple torque requests and generate multiple multistages and skip ignition type and skip igniting Formula lights a fire sequence to deliver desirable torque.The engine is run based on these igniting sequences.In multiple and different implementation In example, ignition operation, mechanism or system are skipped using the multistage of (for example, as described in Figure 16 or 17) described herein Any one of run engine.
In step 2510, there are one for engine controller 1630 (or any suitable module in the controller) detection A or multiple conditions.Such as in some embodiments, controller 1630 detects engine and slide/slow down, have been enter into DCCO and/or have requested that torque.In other embodiments, controller 1630 detects engine and has used startup/stopping Feature stops and/or requested torque again.
In response to detecting that the one or more condition, controller 1630 require the working cycles selected by one or more In the process so that operating room selected by one or more is only with one or more lower torque output level come (step of lighting a fire 2515).The requirement can take diversified form.Such as in some embodiments, controller 1630 prevent to one or Any use of multiple higher operating room's output level (for example, CTF=1.0).In other words, by high-level score reduce or by It maintains lower horizontal (for example, being set as 0,1/2 etc.).The requirement may include being retouched above in association with the step 2415 of Figure 24 Any operation stated and feature, for example, any amount of operating room or working cycles etc. can be limited in this way.
At step 2515, which is run in such a way that multistage skips igniting based on the requirement.That is, such as in step Engine is run described in 2505, but carrys out delivery request torque using only the operating room's output level being allowed to.One In a little embodiments, which effectively, hereafter restores normal multistage and jumps before meeting specified conditions or within a predetermined period of time Cross ignition type engine operation.Alternatively or additionally, high-level score can be gradually increased until that recovery is normal at any time Multistage skips ignition type engine operation.Dynamic can be carried out by engine parameter (such as manifold absolute pressure) based on one or more Ground adjusts this and gradually increases.Help to mitigate using lower high-level score and/or lower operating room's torque output level The influence of high MAP.
Optionally, engine controller 1630 can have realizes height output point again for being required in response to high torque The feature of fire.At step 2525, engine controller 1630 receives high torque request, for example, being based on from accelerator pedal position The data that sensor receives.In a number of different embodiments, high torque request must be over predetermined threshold so that the party Method proceeds to step 2530.
It at step 2530, is asked in response to the high torque, engine controller 1630 causes the ignition control unit 1610 are continuing with height output igniting.That is, eliminating some or all of these limitations in high torque output igniting (in step Implement at rapid 2515).
Any one step in method 2500 can be changed optionally for different applications.For example, the U.S. Number of patent application 14/743,581 (hereinafter referred to as apply and for all purposes by quoting in its whole by ' 581 Hold and be incorporated herein) it describes for implementing to start the multiple technologies for stopping feature by skipping igniter motor control.' Any one feature or operation described in 581 applications can also include in method 2500.
Engine diagnostic application
Ignition type engine control is skipped using multistage to impact the design of engine diagnosis system.More In the different engine diagnosis system of kind, hair is detected based on the certain engine parameters (for example, crankshaft accelerations) measured Motivation problem.In a number of different embodiments, such system will generate the effect of the igniting of the torque output of different level It takes into account.
Referring to Figure 26, the illustrative methods 2600 for diagnosing engine problem are described.Initially, in step 2605 Place, engine diagnostic module 1650 are for example lighted a fire from ignition timing determining module 1606 and/or ignition control unit 1610 Information.The firing information includes but not limited to light a fire to determine (for example, skip or light a fire), igniting sequence and associated work The mark of room.The firing information further includes indicating operating room's output level associated with the decision that each operating room lights a fire Information.
At step 2610, engine diagnostic module 1650 assigns window to each ignition timing.The window can be pair Any suitable period or interval on one target ignition opportunity of Ying Yuyi target operation room.It would span across the window later A certain engine parameters are measured, whether have been sent out in the target operation room to assist in the window procedure Raw engine problem.The characteristic of the window may be different according to the type that engine parameter measures.
Consider the example for being related to four stroke eight cylinder engines.In this example, the window assigned corresponds to bent axle 90 ° rotation quarter window mouth regions section.The window excessively in, target operation room igniting.That is, in this example, window covering The front half section of the power stroke of the target operation room.It is to be understood that the window can have any suitable length, this takes Certainly with the needs of concrete application.
At step 2615, engine diagnostic module 1650 determines, in the window procedure assigned, with the window procedure In the associated operating room's torque output in operating room of one or more of these operating rooms.In other words, multiple and different Embodiment in, ignition timing determining module 1606 and/or ignition control unit 1610 have given each operating room to assign a little Fire determines.During the certain window assigned in step 2610, the igniting of target operation room.During the same window, His operating room is in the different phase of operation cycle.In order to use above example, a few thing room to complete power stroke；Its His operating room still completes or will enter later power stroke.For its associated power stroke, each operating room is arranged At being skipped or light a fire.For each igniting, specific operating room's output level is assigned, such as with low torque output point Fire exports igniting etc. with high torque.Engine diagnostic module 1650 determine in assigned window procedure in these operating rooms One, the output of the associated operating room's torque in some or all operating rooms.
At step 2620, engine diagnostic module 1650 provides engine parameter threshold value or model.Such as in some realities It applies in example, engine diagnostic module 1650 determines engine parameter threshold value (such as crankshaft accelerations threshold value), the engine parameter Threshold value will be used to assist in determining whether that there are engine problems later.That is, given firing information (step 2605) and torque export Level determines that (step 2615), the threshold value help to indicate the desired value for subsequent engine parameter measurement.In other embodiment In, engine diagnostic module 1650 determines the model (for example, torque model) that can be equally used for helping to identify engine problem. For example, it can help to indicate the expectation torque that should be generated by operating room in the window procedure with torque model.The mould Type, which is considered, determines (for example, such as by being obtained in step 2605 igniting that one or more operating rooms make in window procedure Firing information indicated by) and consider associated torque output level (for example, such as in step for lighting a fire every time Indicated by the determination carried out in 2615).
At step 2625, engine diagnostic module 1650 measures engine parameter in the window procedure.According to specific The needs of application and the engine problem just diagnosed can use various engine parameters.For example, some designs relate to And crankshaft accelerations, MAP and/or lambda sensor output are measured in window procedure, although any suitable parameter can be measured. It is to be understood that different measurements can use different windows.
It is then determined based on measurement (step 2625) and threshold value/model (step 2620), engine diagnostic module 1650 With the presence or absence of engine problem.This determination can be executed with various modes.Such as in some embodiments, it measures bent Axle acceleration (step 2625).It can estimate generated actual torque in the window procedure with the measured value.By this reality Border torque is with the use calculated expectation torque of torque model (for example, step 2620) is compared.If the actual torque is small In desired torque, then there may be engine problem (for example, loss of ignition) for the determination of engine diagnostic module 1650.At other In realization method, by crankshaft accelerations measured value and threshold value (for example, step 2620) is compared and does not need torque estimation. If the actual measured value be more than the threshold value, it assumes that engine problem exist or there may be.
How some embodiments of this method can be executed to help to show, provide following instance.At this In example, engine is four stroke eight cylinder engines, and wherein these cylinders are ignited by the sequence of 1-8-7-2-6-5-4-3.Often Intake valve of a cylinder with independent control and/or these valves can be operated using different cycles, as combined Fig. 1-15 institutes Description.Therefore each cylinder can be lighted a fire when being ignited with one of two torque output level：Such as low torque output (for example, CTF=0.7) or height output (CTF=1.0).
Engine diagnostic module 1650 be arranged to for determine operating room 8 whether loss of ignition.The module is lighted a fire Information (step 2605), the firing information indicate that during a sequence of ignition timing, operating room 1,8,7,2,6,5,4 and 3 is distinguished It is to be skipped, be ignited, be skipped, be ignited, be skipped, be ignited, be skipped and be ignited.The module is to operating room 8 The above ignition timing assigns window (step 2610).The window assigned is happened at the first half that cylinder 8 is in its power stroke Section and when covering 90 ° of bent axle rotations.
In this example, engine diagnostic module 1650, which further defines each in the above igniting, is exported with low torque (step 2615), including the igniting of operating room 8.In this example, it is defeated to consider cylinder torque for the module 1650 determination Go out horizontal crankshaft accelerations threshold value.That is, if engine diagnostic module 1650 instead it is well established that in the above igniting one It is a, some or all alternatively high torque output under, then threshold value will be different.
In a number of different embodiments, the crankshaft accelerations threshold value is especially seriously by operation (the i.e. cylinder 8 of operating room 8 To be lighted a fire with low torque output or high torque output) influence.However, torque output level associated with other cylinders Can also have influences.For example, in the window procedure assigned, when cylinder 8 is in the front half section of power stroke, cylinder 1 Second half section in its power stroke.Whether cylinder 1 is exported with low torque rather than high torque output igniting may also significant shadow Ring threshold values.
The engine diagnostic module 1650 then measures the actual crank acceleration (step 2625) in the window procedure.Mould The measured value is compared by block 1650 with threshold value.If measured value (substantially) is less than threshold value, it is determined that the igniting of operating room 8 is lost It loses (or there is a possibility that it is ignited failure).
Above example and method 2600 can be changed for different applications with various modes.Citing and Speech, commonly assigned U.S. Patent Application No. 14/207,109,14/582,008,14/700,494 and 14/206,918 (go out In all purposes, these applications are incorporated in their entirety herein) describe a variety of different engine diagnosis systems And operation.Any feature or operation described in these applications can be in introducing methods 2600.
It can be by any and all described arrangements of components at quickly updating their determination/calculating.One It is by ignition timing to update these determination/calculating (although this is not a requirement) in a little preferred embodiments.Such as one In a little embodiments, determine that (step 1710) of Figure 17 determines that multistage skips ignition type igniting sequence (step to (effective) igniting score 1715) engine (step 1720) is run based on by ignition timing executing, and/or based on sequence.By ignition timing It is so that engine has response very much to the input of change and/or condition that ground, which controls the advantages of a variety of different components,.Although It is highly effective by ignition timing operation, it is to be understood that, these different components can be more slowly updated, and simultaneously still Good control is provided (for example, igniting score/sequence can be executed with each turn of bent axle, each two or more ignition timing and other places Row determine).
Mainly naturally aspirated, 4 strokes, the piston-engined back of the body of internal combustion in motor vehicles are suitable for use in operation The present invention is elaborated under scape.It will be appreciated, however, that described application is highly suitable for diversified internal combustion engine In.It includes automobile that these internal combustion engines, which include for almost any type of vehicle-, truck, ship, aircraft, motorcycle, light Just the engine of motorcycle etc.；And it is relate suitable to the igniting of operating room and is answered using substantially any other of internal combustion engine Engine.These described different approaches are together with the engine operated under diversified different thermodynamic cycles Work, including almost any type of two reciprocating pistons engine, diesel engine, Otto engine, Two-way Cycle start Machine, miller cycle engine, the gloomy cycle engine of Acker gold, rotor (Wankel) engine and other kinds of rotating engine Machine, Sabath'e-cycle engine (for example, Otto and Diesel's two-cycle engine), hybrid engine, radial engines etc..Also recognize To be highly suitable for internal combustion engine newly developed for described method, no matter they whether using it is currently known or with The thermodynamic cycle developed afterwards is run.Can also be using engine with supercharger, such as those are increased using superpressure booster or turbine The engine of depressor.Maximum in-cylinder load corresponds to pressurize to air inlet and the maximum of acquisition in this case Cylinder charging amount.
It is also understood that any method described here or operation can be stored in the form of computer executable code In suitable computer-readable medium.These operations are carried out when processor executes computer code.This generic operation Including but not limited to igniting interpolater 1602, ignition timing determining module 1606, ignition control unit 1610, power transmission It is parameter adjustment module 1608, engine controller 1630, engine diagnostic module 1650 or described herein any The arbitrary and all operation that other modules, component or controller execute.
Some in above example are related to deactivating operating room.In multiple and different realization methods, deactivated operating room relates to And it prevents from that air is pumped across to the operating room being skipped in the working cycle process being skipped selected by one or more.It can be with Operating room is skipped or deactivated with various modes.In multiple and different approach, low pressure bullet is formed in the operating room Spring, i.e., discharge gas in the operating room after discharging in previous operational cycle, and both intake valve or air bleeding valve are subsequent It is not opened in working cycle process, thus forms low-voltage vacuum in the operating room.In going back other embodiment again, in quilt High pressure spring is formed in the operating room skipped, that is, prevents air and/or discharge gas from escaping the operating room.The operating room can use Any suitable way is deactivated so that is contributed some power during its power stroke or is not contributed power in the operating room.
The application further relates to torque for generating different level or with different air inlet amount or cylinder water load The concept of flat operating room.For example, these torque output level can indicate in multistage skips ignition type igniting sequence And/or it is stored in look-up table or library.As previously discussed, in some embodiments, each such torque output level It is to be implemented using different groups of operation, these operations description in this application is (for example, open intake valve and another A intake valve is not opened, opens two intake valves, uses different cycles etc. for different intake valves).In some approach, The torque level generated by operating room can be based on changing by ignition timing, for example, cylinder can in working cycle process quilt Skip, in next working cycle process with high torque output come light a fire, in next working cycle process with low torque It exports to light a fire and then be skipped or be lighted a fire with any torque output level.
Multiple embodiments that the present invention has mainly been described under a kind of background for skipping ignition control arrangement, at this In arrangement, these cylinders are deactivated to prevent by deactivating both intake valve and air bleeding valve in the working cycle process skipped Air is pumped in the working cycle process skipped across cylinder.It will be appreciated, however, that some skip lighting valve actuating side Case is expected only deactivating air bleeding valve or only deactivating these intake valves wearing effectively to deactivate these cylinders and air is prevented to be pumped Cross these cylinders.Several approach in described approach are equally applicable to such application.In addition, although being generally preferably Cylinder deactivation, and therefore prevent air from passing through these cylinder deactivations in the working cycle process skipped, it can but exist It can wish to pass air through some specific times of a cylinder in working cycle process in selected skips.Pass through act Example, when being desired with engine braking, this may be desirable, and/or discharge device-dependent diagnosis or operation with specific It is required that desirable.It may also be useful when converting out DCCO (deceleration cylinder interrupts service) state.Described valve control way Diameter is equally applicable to such application.
This application involves the torques for selectively generating multiple and different (for example, high or low) from the operating room being ignited The a variety of different systems and technology of output level.In a number of different embodiments, it will thus be appreciated that in selected working cycles mistake (operating room is ignited in the process) multiple engine conditions can be kept substantially that identical (but this is not required in journey ).Such engine condition includes but not limited to manifold absolute pressure, cam phaser setting, engine speed and/or solar term Door position.In other words, This application describes various exemplary valve control system and technology (for example, in conjunction with Figure 1A, 1B, 2-11, 12A-12F, 13A, 13B, 14A-14H and 15 are discussed), these valve control systems are arranged to for making the work being ignited Make room and generate different torque output level, without for example changing throttle position, MAP, engine speed and/or cam phase Position device is arranged to generate those different torque output level.
The present invention multiple realization methods be highly suitable for combine dynamic skips ignition operation, in this operation accumulator or The tracking of other mechanisms required but be not delivered or be delivered but ignition section of failed call so that can be based on by Igniting is made to ignition timing to determine.However, described technology is applied equally well to include using such as using in turn The jump of fixed ignition pattern or sequence of lighting a fire that cylinder deactivation and/or a variety of different other may occur when skipping firing technique The substantially any of ignition operation is crossed to skip igniter applications (wherein independent cylinder is sometimes during with carrying out practically mode operation It is ignited and in the operational mode that is skipped sometimes).Similar technology can also be used in variable stroke engine control, Change the stroke quantity in each operating room in the variable stroke engine effectively to change the discharge capacity of engine.
Although several embodiments of the present invention are described in detail, it is to be understood that, the present invention can be with many other Form is implemented without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention.Term igniting score is referred to several times.It is to be understood that can be with Igniting score is expressed or indicated with diversified mode.For example, igniting score can take igniting pattern, sequence or Be related to or inherently express above-mentioned igniting percentage any other ignition Characteristics form.Term " vapour is also referred to several times Cylinder ".It should be understood that in a number of different embodiments, term cylinder is interpreted as broadly covering any suitable type Operating room.Engine can also use the technology for skipping igniting class, wherein be skipped and light a fire instead of cylinder, it with low torque or High torque output is lighted a fire to run.In this control program, it is expressed as Dynamic ignition level modulation, cylinder is simultaneously not skipped. In Dynamic ignition level modulation, the output of the cylinder being ignited is at skipping/ignition type pattern ground dynamic change.For example, specific Cylinder can be fought sometimes with "high" or " higher " torque output level point and can be sometimes with " low " or " relatively low " torque output Level igniting, wherein " low " output level corresponds to " skipping " and "high" output level corresponds to the point skipped in igniting pattern Fire.Therefore, the embodiment of the present invention should be considered illustrative and not restrictive, and the present invention is not limited to provide herein These details.

Claims (43)

1. a kind of method delivering desirable output for controlling the operation of the internal combustion engine with multiple operating rooms, In each operating room with by cam-actuated at least one intake valve and at least one air bleeding valve, this method includes：
The engine is run in a manner of skipping igniting, which is to skip the selected working cycles being skipped and make institute Select movable working cycles igniting to deliver desirable transmitter output, wherein being based in the operational process of the engine It is to light a fire also to be to skip by ignition timing to be dynamically determined each working cycles；And
High torque output or low torque output are selected in the operating room being ignited, wherein the base in the operational process of the engine It is exported using high torque output or low torque in by ignition timing being dynamically determined；And based on the work being ignited High torque output or low torque output are selected on room, to adjust the air inlet amount of the operating room being ignited.
2. the method as described in claim 1, wherein being worked by independently controlling each in the operating room being ignited At least two intake valves in room export to adjust the air inlet amount to generate high torque output or low torque.
3. the method as described in claim 1 further comprises：
The operating room being skipped is deactivated in the selected working cycle process being skipped, thus to prevent in the selected quilt Air is pumped across to the operating room being skipped in the working cycle process skipped.
4. the method as described in claim 1, wherein all intake valves and air bleeding valve are joined with one or more camshafts The one or more cam protrusions actuating connect.
5. the method as described in claim 1 further comprises：
Ignition type igniting sequence is skipped in generation, this, which is skipped ignition type igniting sequence and indicates current igniting for igniting every time, is related to It is exported using high torque output or low torque；And
Ignition type igniting sequence is skipped based on this to run the engine.
6. the method as described in claim 1 further comprises：
Determine that horizontal score and igniting score, wherein horizontal score help indicate high torque output or low torque output igniting number Ratio relative to the igniting sum including high torque output and low torque output igniting number；And
The engine is run in a manner of skipping igniting based on the horizontal score and the igniting score.
7. the method as described in claim 1 wherein at least determines the quilt in part with sigma delta converter It is the selection of high torque output or low torque output in the operating room of igniting.
8. the method as described in claim 1, the wherein high torque export or the selection of low torque output be based on look-up table and One or more of state machine.
9. the method as described in claim 1, wherein the multiple operating room includes respectively the first intake valve and the second intake valve, This method further comprises：
When running the engine in a manner of skipping igniting and during selected movable working cycles, based on difference Timing recycle and open and close first intake valve and the second intake valve.
10. method as claimed in claim 9, wherein first intake valve are operated based on Ai Jinsen cycles, and should Second intake valve is operated based on Otto cycle.
11. the method as described in claim 1, wherein：
The igniting of selected movable working cycles is related to based on what is selected in the operating room being ignited being that high torque output is gone back It is that low torque exports to make the operating room with high torque output or low torque output igniting；
The operating room being each ignited includes the first intake valve and the second intake valve；
When the operating room being ignited is exported with high torque lights a fire, based on high torque valve control program, come independent control, this is ignited Operating room the first intake valve and the second intake valve；And
When the operating room being ignited is exported with low torque lights a fire, based on the low torque valve different from the high torque valve control program Control program and the first intake valve and the second intake valve of the independent control operating room being ignited.
12. method as claimed in claim 11, wherein：
The high torque valve control program be related to during selected movable working cycles by air delivery pass through this first into Air valve and the second intake valve；And
The low torque valve control program be related to not allowing during selected movable working cycles air pass through this first into Air valve.
13. method as claimed in claim 11, wherein：
The high torque valve control program be related to during selected movable working cycles by air delivery pass through this first into Air valve and it is not passed through second intake valve；
The high torque valve control program further to during the selected movable working cycles based on Otto cycle come Operate first intake valve；
The low torque valve control program be related to during selected movable working cycles by air delivery pass through this first into Air valve and second intake valve；And
The low torque valve control program further to during the selected movable working cycles based on Otto cycle come It runs first intake valve and is followed based on intake valve late release Ai Jinsen during the selected movable working cycles Ring operates second intake valve.
14. the method as described in claim 1 further comprises：
Detect the pinking in the operating room of the engine；And
In response to the detection, it is desirable that one or more operating rooms are exported with the low torque and lighted a fire without being exported with the high torque； And
The engine is run in a manner of skipping igniting based on the requirement.
15. the method as described in claim 1 further comprises：
Detect the condition of one of the following terms：1) it vehicle deceleration and slides；And 2) stop the hair using startup/stopping feature Motivation；
Detect the engine torque having requested that；
It is operated in response to the detection, it is desirable that operating room selected by one or more is not exported with the high torque to light a fire；And
The engine is run in a manner of skipping igniting based on the requirement.
16. the method as described in claim 1 further comprises：
Window is assigned to the target ignition opportunity of target operation room；
Determine selected in operating room of one or more of the multiple operating room be high torque output or low torque output；
The target operation room is lighted a fire in the window procedure；
Engine parameter is measured in the window procedure；And
It is based at least partially on the torque and exports the determining and engine parameter measurement to determine whether there is engine problem.
17. the method as described in claim 1, wherein：
The engine includes the first subgroup of one or more operating rooms and the second subgroup of one or more operating rooms；
Each operating room in first subgroup is arranged to selectively be ignited or deactivate；And
Each operating room in second subgroup is arranged to be ignited and at this during each cycle of engine Engine cannot be deactivated during running.
18. the method as described in claim 1, wherein：
The engine includes the of the one or more operating rooms that can respectively generate selected high torque output and low torque output One subgroup；
The engine further comprises the one or more work that can respectively generate selected high torque output and low torque output Second subgroup of room；And
It is the operating room being ignited from first subgroup rather than in second subgroup to select the high torque to export or low Torque exports.
19. the method as described in claim 1, wherein：
It is defeated to generate the low torque with one of the operating room that is ignited described in substantially minimum Brake specific Fuel Consumption condition operation Go out.
20. the method as described in claim 1, wherein：
Noise, vibration and sound vibration roughness is based at least partially on to consider to select high torque defeated in the operating room being ignited Go out or low torque exports.
21. the method as described in claim 1 further comprises：
For selected the high torque export described in the operating room that is ignited use than for having selected the low torque to export The higher air inlet amount in the operating room being ignited.
22. the method as described in claim 1 further comprises：
Based on the selection so that selected operating room is lighted a fire with high torque output；And
Based on the selection so that selected operating room is lighted a fire with low torque output, wherein low torque output igniting is than the high torsion Square output igniting has more fuel efficiency.
23. the method as described in claim 1 further comprises：
Multiple candidate effectively igniting scores of the desired engine torque of delivering are determined, wherein each candidate effectively igniting score is It is worth based on cylinder torque level and the one or more of light a fire the ratio between number and ignition timing number；
The fuel efficiency of the candidate effectively igniting score is compared；
Based on the comparison, one in the selection candidate effectively igniting score；And
The engine is run based on the effectively igniting score of selected one in the candidate effectively igniting score.
24. the method as described in claim 1 further comprises：
The operating room being each ignited includes the first intake valve and first row air valve；And
First intake valve is activated by air delivery to the operating room being ignited, wherein the operating room being ignited this One intake valve and the first row air valve are arranged so that during selected movable working cycles no matter when activate this First intake valve also activates the first row air valve during the same selected movable working cycles.
25. the method as described in claim 1, the wherein intake valve and air bleeding valve are cam-actuated.
26. the method as described in claim 1, the wherein engine are four cylinder engines.
27. the method as described in claim 1, wherein：
Multiple operating room uses multiple and different valve actuation systems；And
Each valve actuation system can be different groups of one or more features, one be each characterized in the following terms：(1) So that operating room deactivates；2) operating room is lighted a fire with low torque output；And 3) operating room is lighted a fire with high torque output.
28. a kind of engine controller for including the engine of one or more operating rooms, each operating room includes one Or it is multiple by cam-actuated intake valve, which includes：
Igniting interpolater, the igniting interpolater are arranged to turn round suitable for engine desired by delivering for determining The igniting score of square；
Ignition timing determining module, the ignition timing determining module are arranged to for being skipped a little based on the igniting score to determine Fiery formula is lighted a fire sequence, and wherein this is skipped ignition type igniting sequence and indicates selected operating room during selected ignition timing It is deactivated or is ignited, and further indicate for igniting every time, which produces low torque and export still high turn round Square exports；And
Ignition control unit, the ignition control unit are arranged to for being transported in a manner of skipping igniting based on the igniting sequence The one or more operating room of the row engine, and wherein the ignition control unit is further arranged for being based on the igniting Sequence is intended that low torque output or high torque output to adjust the work being ignited for the operating room being each ignited Make the air inlet amount of room.
29. engine controller as claimed in claim 28, wherein the ignition timing determining module are arranged to for from pre- This is selected to skip ignition type igniting sequence in the library for skipping ignition type igniting sequence first limited.
30. engine controller as claimed in claim 28, wherein the ignition timing determining module be arranged to by using Sigma delta converter skips ignition type igniting sequence to generate this.
31. engine controller as claimed in claim 28, the wherein ignition control unit are arranged to independently control institute It selects multiple intake valves of operating room and skips ignition type igniting sequence to be based on this with high torque is horizontal or low torque level is by institute Operating room is selected to light a fire.
32. engine controller as claimed in claim 28, wherein：
One or more of operating rooms of the engine include respectively the first intake valve and the second intake valve；
During the ignition control unit is further arranged to the movable working cycles selected by first selectively It opens first intake valve and does not open second intake valve；And
During the ignition control unit is further arranged to the movable working cycles selected by second selectively Open first and second intake valve so that first intake valve and during the movable working cycles selected by second The closing of two intake valves and the timing of opening are different.
33. engine controller as claimed in claim 28, wherein：
The ignition timing determining module is arranged to for based on igniting decision by ignition timing is made, each igniting to determine to refer to Show that selected operating room is deactivated or is ignited during selected ignition timing；And it further indicates for each Igniting, the igniting generate low torque output or high torque output.
34. engine controller as claimed in claim 28, the wherein engine are four cylinder engines.
35. engine controller as claimed in claim 28, wherein：
The one or more operating room uses multiple and different valve actuation systems；And
Each valve actuation system can be different groups of one or more features, one be each characterized in the following terms：(1) So that operating room deactivates；2) operating room is lighted a fire with low torque output；And 3) operating room is lighted a fire with high torque output.
36. a kind of method for controlling the operation of the internal combustion engine with multiple operating rooms, wherein each operating room has By cam-actuated at least one intake valve and there is at least one air bleeding valve, this method includes：
The engine is run using the first igniting score；
The engine is run using the second igniting score different from the first igniting score；And
In transient process between the first igniting score and the second igniting score, ignition type igniting sequence is skipped based on multistage The engine is run, wherein the multistage is skipped ignition type igniting sequence and indicated during selected ignition timing, selected Operating room is deactivated or is ignited；And further indicate that, for igniting every time, which produces low torque output also It is high torque output.
37. method as claimed in claim 36, wherein this is skipped ignition type igniting sequence and indicates multiple igniting decisions, wherein The igniting determines to be each based on by ignition timing to make.
38. method as claimed in claim 36, further comprises：
Ignition type igniting sequence is skipped based on the multistage selected operating room lights a fire with high torque output and low torque output；
By independently control respective at least two intake valve in operating room being ignited adjust air inlet amount so as to High torque output and low torque output are generated at the operating room being ignited.
39. method as claimed in claim 36, further comprises：
While running the engine, which is being run based on first level score using the first igniting score, Wherein horizontal score help indicates high torque output or low torque output igniting number relative to including high torque output and low torsion The ratio of igniting sum including square output igniting number；
While running the engine, which is being run based on the second horizontal score using the second igniting score； And
This first igniting score and second igniting score between transient process in while run the engine, be based on At least one of the following different horizontal score runs the engine：1) the first level score；And 2) this Two horizontal scores.
40. method as claimed in claim 36, wherein based on one of the first igniting score and the second igniting score It is related to variable displacement operation to run the engine.
41. method as claimed in claim 36, further comprises：
Based on the first igniting score come request of the detection to desired torque when running the engine；
In response to the request, determine the second igniting score suitable for the delivering desired torque；
Based on the determination of the second igniting score, in the transient process between the first igniting score and the second igniting score Score of lighting a fire among one or more is automatically selected, it is to be based on the one or more that wherein the multistage, which skips ignition type igniting sequence, Centre igniting score；And
In the transient process, which is run based on igniting score among the one or more.
42. method as claimed in claim 41, further comprises：
The transition igniting score for running the engine in the transient process is gradually changed, the wherein multistage skips ignition type Igniting sequence is to be based on transition igniting score, and the rate of change of transition igniting score is to start based on one or more Machine parameter.
43. method as claimed in claim 42, wherein one of one or more of engine parameters are absolute manifold pressure.
CN201580059861.XA 2014-11-10 2015-11-09 Multistage skips igniting Active CN107076041B (en)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201810728715.7A CN109139278B (en) 2014-11-10 2015-11-09 Method for controlling an internal combustion engine and engine controller
CN201810728990.9A CN109026411B (en) 2014-11-10 2015-11-09 Internal combustion engine diagnostic method and engine controller
CN201810728850.1A CN109113878B (en) 2014-11-10 2015-11-09 Method for controlling an internal combustion engine and engine controller
CN201810729225.9A CN109026407B (en) 2014-11-10 2015-11-09 Method for operating an internal combustion engine and engine control unit
CN201810728778.2A CN109026493B (en) 2014-11-10 2015-11-09 Method for controlling an internal combustion engine and ignition controller

Applications Claiming Priority (11)

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US201462077439P 2014-11-10 2014-11-10
US62/077,439 2014-11-10
US201562117426P 2015-02-17 2015-02-17
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