201233887 六、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 [0001] 對相關申請的交互引用 此申請要求2010年10月8曰遞交的美國臨時申請案 61/391，530，專利名稱為“内燃機燃燒條件和廢氣排放 的控制”的優先權，此申請案以參考方式被合併於此。 [0002] 在此描述的本發明大體上涉及内燃機的排氣系統。 【先前技贫ί】 [0003] 在各種實際應用中被廣泛使用的内燃機通常將由燃料 燃燒釋放的化學能量轉化為機械能量，各種實際應用包 括汽車、摩托車、卡車、公共汽車、機車、飛機、其它 車輛、發電機設備、農業設備、工業設備、採礦設備， 等等。在機動車輛和其它應用中，來自内燃機的廢氣通 常經過消聲器以減少散發的噪音，且由於現今對空氣污 染物的關心，通過催化轉化器或其它設備，以產生由燃 燒礦物燃料所形成較不想需之燃燒副產品的反應，或以 其它方式減少該燃燒副產品之濃度。 【發明内容】 [0004] 一方面，本發明之系統包括：引導產生於廢氣源的廢氣 的管狀導管。管狀導管包括大致垂直於管狀導管内的廢 氣流動方向的管道橫截面流動區域。複數個通道被設置 在管狀導的一區段之管道橫截面流動區域内並且至少部 分在部分的管狀導管處填充管道橫截面流動區域。每一 組通道具有通道長度和通道截面流動區域，兩者配成對 用以為流經每組通道的廢氣產生大致相等的流動速率。 365#單編號 Α0101 第4頁/共23頁 1013040555-0 201233887 設置在通道下游的收集室接收排出通道的廢氣。收集室 具有足夠大的收集容積以使得收集容積内的廢氣在穿過 每組通道的出口面時呈現大致相當的壓力。 [0005]201233887 VI. Description of the Invention: [Technical Fields of the Invention] [0001] Interacting with the related application This application claims the US Provisional Application No. 61/391,530 filed on Oct. 8, 2010, entitled "Combustion Conditions for Internal Combustion Engines" And the control of exhaust emissions, the application of which is incorporated herein by reference. The invention described herein relates generally to an exhaust system of an internal combustion engine. [0003] Internal combustion engines, which are widely used in various practical applications, typically convert chemical energy released by combustion of fuel into mechanical energy. Various practical applications include automobiles, motorcycles, trucks, buses, locomotives, airplanes, Other vehicles, generator equipment, agricultural equipment, industrial equipment, mining equipment, and so on. In motor vehicles and other applications, exhaust gases from internal combustion engines typically pass through a muffler to reduce the amount of noise emitted, and due to current concerns about air pollutants, through catalytic converters or other equipment to create a less desirable formation from burning fossil fuels. The reaction of the by-product of combustion, or otherwise reduces the concentration of the by-product of combustion. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION [0004] In one aspect, the system of the present invention includes a tubular conduit that directs exhaust gases produced from an exhaust source. The tubular conduit includes a cross-sectional flow region of the conduit that is generally perpendicular to the direction of flow of exhaust gas within the tubular conduit. A plurality of channels are disposed in the cross-sectional flow area of the conduit of a section of the tubular guide and at least partially fill the cross-sectional flow area of the conduit at a portion of the tubular conduit. Each set of channels has a channel length and a channel section flow area that are paired to produce approximately equal flow rates for the exhaust gases flowing through each set of channels. 365#单号 Α0101 Page 4 of 23 1013040555-0 201233887 The collection chamber downstream of the channel receives the exhaust from the exhaust channel. The collection chamber has a sufficiently large collection volume such that the exhaust gases within the collection volume exhibit substantially equivalent pressure as they pass through the exit face of each set of channels. [0005]
D 在相關聯的方面，本發明之方法包括：引導廢氣源t的 廢氣通過管狀導管，管狀導管包括大致垂直於管狀導管 内的廢氣流動方向的管道橫截面流動區域。方法也包括 引起廢氣流經複數個通道，複數個通道被設置在管狀導 處之一區段之管道橫截面流動區域内，且至少部分地填 滿管道橫截面流動區域。每一通道具有通道長度和通道 截面流動區域，兩者配成對，用以為流經每一通道的廢 氣產生創造大致相等的流動速率。廢氣被收集在設置在 通道下游的收集室中。收集室具有足夠大的收集容積以 使得收集容積内的廢氣在穿過每組通道的出口面時呈現 大致相當的壓力。D In an associated aspect, the method of the present invention includes directing exhaust gas from an exhaust gas source t through a tubular conduit that includes a cross-sectional flow region of the conduit that is substantially perpendicular to the direction of flow of the exhaust gas within the tubular conduit. The method also includes causing exhaust gas to flow through the plurality of passages, the plurality of passages being disposed in the cross-sectional flow region of the conduit of one of the tubular guides and at least partially filling the flow region of the cross-section of the conduit. Each channel has a channel length and a channel cross-sectional flow area that are paired to create approximately equal flow rates for the waste gas flowing through each channel. The exhaust gas is collected in a collection chamber disposed downstream of the passage. The collection chamber has a sufficiently large collection volume such that the exhaust gases within the collection volume exhibit substantially equivalent pressure as they pass through the exit face of each set of channels.
[0006] G 在另一相關方面，本發明之方法包括形成由通道所組 成之一陣列，該通道陣列包括橫截面流動區域的一分佈 。每一通道具有通道長度和通道截面流動區域，兩者配 成對用以為流經每一通道的廢氣產生大致相等的流動速 率。為了引導來自於廢氣源的廢氣，通道陣列被設置以 使得通道陣列至少部分填充管狀管道的管道橫截面流動 區域。設置在通道陣列下游的收集室接收排出通道的廢 氣。收集室具有足夠大的收集容積以使得收集容積内的 廢氣在穿過每組通道的出口面時呈現大致相當的壓力。 [0007] 在一些變化中，一或多個下列特徵可選地被包括在任 何可行的組合中。複數個第二通道可選地備設置在收集 臟365#單編號鹿01 第5頁/共23頁 1013040555-0 201233887 至的管狀管道下游的第二區段中。每一第二通道可以包 括第二通道長度和第二通道截面流動區域’兩者成對用 以為流經每組第二通道的廢氣產生大致相等的第二流動 速率。至少部分的一或多個通道的内部表面區域可選地 包括一催化劑塗層。催化劑塗層可選地包括催化至少_ 個反應，該反應轉化至少—種呈現在廢氣中的燃燒副產 σ°為至少一種目標化合物。經粗化處理的表面提供相對 於未處理表面增加的表面積，以應用於—或多個通道的 至少部分的内表面。複數個通道可選地包括-金屬片， 金屬片被滾軋以安裝在管道橫截面流動區域中。金屬片 :選地包括不同長度的槽紋，、用以當金屬片被滾軋而在 官道橫截面流動區域内安料形成複數個通道。金屬片 可選地具有大致上三角形狀，三角形狀包括第一邊緣、 第二邊緣和第三邊緣。槽紋組中的每—槽紋的轴可選地 被大致對齊平行第—邊緣。金屬片可選地沿純製抽被 滾札，軋製軸至少大致垂直於第一邊緣。 8]本發明實施例可提供-個或多個優點。例如，整合消 音器和催化轉化器至單個單元和設備以節約尺寸和重量 此對J 車中有利，小型車例如摩托車、踏片車或輕 型汽車。 [0009] 1〇〇13653声舉編號 所的本發明-或多個變化令的細節在以下所附的圖例 和說明中破提出。提供的示例和說明試圖闡述有可能被 包括在本發明實施例巾的特徵以及除了由中請專利範圍 定義的不應解釋為限製本發明範圍特徵。通過說明附 圖和申请專利粑圍’本發明的其它特徵和優點可被清楚 1013040555-0 201233887 瞭解。 【實施方式】 [0010] 用於内燃機的消音器或者消音系統通常被沿著引自排 放歧管的排放管安裝，以收集從内燃__個或多個燃 燒室的排氣口流出的廢氣。消音器或者消音系統通常通 過吸收使廢氣噪音減少。例如，廢氣可以經由-系列内 襯有玻璃纖維毛料或其它非共振材料的通道以及室〜 ο [0011] 個或多個共振室可以被調節以引起破壞性干涉，在其中 相對的聲波彼此抵消。 Ο 術語“催化轉化器”通常指用於轉化廢氣中的不想要 的燃燒產品化合物至一或多個惰性的或至少較少不想要 的目標化合物。一或多種催化物質刺激化學反應，其中 燃燒產物進行化學反應，取決於安襞的催化劑類型而有 所不同。例如，在北美的汽油動力輕型汽車、摩托車， 或諸如此類的，通常利用三效催化轉化器，三效催化轉 化器減少氮氧化物（―氧化氮、二氧化氮以及一氧化_ 氮）並氧化未燃的烴類和一氧化礙以生成氮、二氧化碳 和水。催化轉化器的其它類型包括但不限於，使用健向 催化劑催化將一氧化碳和未燃燒的碳氫化合物轉換成_ 氧化碳和水的轉化器。 [0012] 本發明的一個實施例中，消音器設計可以包括不同長 度和直徑的管道陣列或通道陣列，管道或通道陣列的入 口的兩端橫跨管狀管道的橫截面流動區域，管狀技、首引 導來自例如内燃機的廢氣源的廢氣。如圖1八和丨Β所厂、 排放系統100包括用於傳輸廢氣的管狀管道1〇2，例如從 10013653^^^^ Α〇101 第7頁/共23頁 1013040555-0 201233887 内燃機排放的廢氣。多個小直徑通道或管道丨〇 4可以被排 列在管狀管道102上，其内部流軸設為至少大致與管狀管 道102的流軸平行。如圖ία和1B所示，通道或管道1〇4可 以被s又在密排陣列1 〇 6中，填充或者至少部分填充管狀管 道102的橫截面流動區域。密排陣列中的通道或管道 可以具有與每一通道或管道1〇4的管道直徑和長度相匹配 的直徑和長度範圍，以使得在密排陣列1〇6中的每一個通 道或管道104，從陣列1〇6的入口端11〇至出口端112的管 道或通道104的每一單位面積具有至少大致相等的流量。 較小直徑通道或管道1〇4因此較短於較大直徑的通道或管 道104。陣列1〇6中的通道或管道1〇4的出口端112可以打 開進入到收集器114中，收集器114具有足夠大的收集容 量而可以在所有通道或管道1〇4的出口面的各處呈現相似 的壓力。因為在所有管道或通道104中的氣體流速相似（ 因為各個管道的壓降係可比較的），所以廢氣的壓力波可 以不同的時間從每個不同尺寸的通道或管道1〇4到達收集 器114中。 [0013] 在所有通道或管道104的各處依靠給定的廢氣容積可以 提供相似壓降，廢氣同時進入陣列1〇6的進口端112的通 道或管道中，並稍後排出到收集器114中，可容易地在陣 歹Π06的出口端I〗〗處的所有通道或管道1〇4的各處等壓 机通。如前所述，長度和橫截面流動區域與陣列1〇6中的 "I道或管道104相配對以產生每條通道或管道在 或通道1〇4的橫截面的每單位面積上流過相似數量的 氣體。 10013653^^'^^ A〇101 第8頁/共23頁 1013040555-0 201233887 [0014] 在實施例中，每一尺寸的通道或管道104的數量可有利 地被選擇以使得大致相當的廢氣量通過每一尺寸的通道 或管道104。換言之，陣列中較小尺寸的管道或通道104 的數量可以大於較大尺寸的管道或通道104的數量以使得 穿過每一尺寸的所有通道或管道104的截面區域的總數是 大致相等的。這種計算可以從一組通道或管道尺寸的透 視和每一尺寸的通道或管道104的數量的調整或者從一組 管道或通道104的數量的預測和調整那些管道的橫截區域 ，以達到上述有利條件。 〇 KJ [0015] 如此，大致相當的聲音能量可以從每一尺寸的通道或 管道104被送入陣列106的出口端114。由於通道或管道 104的不同長度，來自於每一尺寸的通道或管道104的大 致相當的聲能時間上交錯地到達收集器中，以使得聲波 受到至少部分抵消其振幅的負面干擾。即使流經每一不 同尺寸的通道或管道104的總數在通道或管道104的尺寸 之中並不非常平衡，至少一部分聲能將會被減弱。 〇 [0016] 在可選的變化中，廢氣可以從一收集器114流向另一個 ，不同長度通道或管道的第二陣列（未顯示在圖1中）與 通道或管道104的陣列106相似。第二陣列可以更遠地傳 播排氣脈衝能量，超過相當於在第一或第二陣列中的管 道或通道104的大致兩倍的長度差異的距離。當脈衝長度 增加時振幅下降，因此聲音被減弱。 [0017] 本發明提供與實施例相同的整合消音器和催化轉化器 ，在第一陣列1 06和/或第二陣列的通道或管道104的内表 面可以被塗上一層催化劑。較小直徑或者橫截面積的通 10013653^^^^ Α0101 第9頁/共23頁 1013040555-0 201233887 道或管道在與廢氣化合物的反應中較有效儘管其長度較 短（因為擴散，氣體的隨機運動，在這些較小管道或通道 中的粒子可較快地使大多數分子接觸催化劑的表面。較 大直徑或橫截面積的通道或管道會因分子穿過較長距離 而需要更多時間。然而，如上所述，較大的通道或管道 更長，因此允許在管道或通道中較長停留時間以發生隨 機運動以在内表面上促使燃燒產品化合物接觸催化材料 〇 [0018] 圖2顯示一或多個可以呈現在本發明實施例中的方法特 徵流程圖。在202中，廢氣通過管狀管道從廢氣源中被排 出，管狀管道包括大致垂直於管狀管道内廢氣流動方向 的管道橫截面區域。管狀管道不需有對稱橫截面，並且 橫截面沿著管道長度也不需有不變的形狀或尺寸。在204 中，廢氣流經複數個通道，通道被設置在管狀導管之區 段之管道橫截面流動區域内並且至少部分地填充位在管 狀導管之一區段之管道橫截面流動區域。每一通道具有 通道長度和通道橫截面流動區域。對於每一通道，通道 長度和通道橫截面流動區域配成對，用以為流經每一通 道的廢氣在每一單位面積上產生大致相等的流量。在206 中，一或多個通道的至少部分的内表面可選地被塗上一 層催化材料，就像本文中其它地方所述的通過使廢氣接 觸催化塗層，來催化一反應，該反應轉化至少一種在廢 氣中的燃燒副產品為至少一種目標化合物。廢氣在210中 的位於複數個通道的下游的收集室中被收集。收集室收 具有足夠大的收集容積以使得收集容積内的廢氣在穿過 10013653^^'^^° A〇101 ^ 10 1 / * 23 1 1013040555-0 201233887 [0019] c) ❹ 每—通道的出口面時呈現大致相當的壓力。 或其〜材料， 擎產生的廢氣。通道或管道104的内 的塗广有—粗糙的塗層’例如通過應用粗化劑屢生 =層且粗縫表面可增加有用的通道或管道二表面 料可以被塗上或者至少部分被塗上1催化剩材 應：=中的一或多!燃燒物或污染物種的反 此類通道或管道可要的最終產σβ或目標化合物。例如， 一 U由冷軋瓦楞金屬片形 所形成的腔長度變化。可選地，不同直徑 可:被嫌成金屬或陶究刀片形以填充或至少部匕管 部分的管狀橫載面區域。鑽孔的 :=在-樣式中，《使得較小直㈣通料管道在金 S陶是概套的第-侧，且增加直徑之通道或管道{逐 漸排列於該金屬或陶竟襯套的相對側。金屬或陶究裸奢 的下游端可被切割成一角度以形成通道或營道的長度， 使得較小直徑或橫截面區域的通道或管道具有較短長度 ’且較大直徑或者較大直徑或橫截面區域的通道或管道 具有較長的長度，如此可使穿過管102的流動速率保持大 體上均一。每一通道或管道組在每一單元面積具有大致 相等的流量。 [0020] 在可選實施例中，如圖3所示的例子，具有第—側3〇2 、第二側3〇4和第三侧306的三角金屬片3〇〇可以具有一 系列形成於上的槽紋310 。槽紋可以在最接近第—側3〇2 處被相對較遠地間隔且平行於第一側302排列，以及可以 腿365#單威删1 第11頁/共23頁 1013040555-0 201233887 在遠離第一側302的地方逐漸接近彼此。當三角形金屬片 300沿著大致垂直於第一側302的滾動轴被碾軋時，各種 形式的通道可以由符合描述本發明各種實施例的特徵所 決定。換言之，由捲起的槽紋形成的通道可以是最小通 道的最短長度，最小通道具有為形成具有較大橫截面積 通道而逐漸增長的通道長度。應指出的是，圖3顯示直角 三角形金屬片，其它三角形也屬於本發明的範圍。金屬 片可選地包括一或多種除了（或代替）金屬片的材料。 [0021] 不同於現有的催化轉化器，需要催化材料的催化核或 者基片（例如陶瓷塗層）的支持，本發明實施例可以在 提供如前所述的聲音減弱的相同元素的流表面流體表面 提供對催化材料的支持。在一些實施例中，塗層可以是 用於在高層表面傳播材料的催化材料的載體，塗層被用 於至少部分的陣列106中的通道或管道的内表面。三氧化 二鋁，二氧化鈦，二氧化矽，二氧化矽，和矽鋁混合物 或其胎類似者，可以被用作塗層載體材料以泥漿方式應 用。催化材料可以在將塗層用於通道或管道内表面之前 被懸浮於泥漿塗層中的泥漿或其它被催化材料吸收或吸 附的物質中。塗層材料可選地被選擇去形成粗糙的、不 規則的表面，其可以較通道或管道的光材料的光滑表面 增加表面積以最大化可用的與廢氣反應的催化活性表面 。催化材料本身可選地包括貴金屬。例如，鈀可用作氧 化催化劑，铑可用作還原催化劑，和可同時用於還原和 氧化中或其一的鉑金。鈽，鐵，錳及鎳亦可被使用。 [0022] 圖4顯示本發明實施例中的一或多個方法特徵的流程圖 10013653^^ A〇101 第12頁/共23頁 1013040555-0 201233887[0006] In another related aspect, the method of the present invention includes forming an array of channels comprising a distribution of cross-sectional flow regions. Each channel has a channel length and a channel section flow area that are paired to produce approximately equal flow rates for the exhaust gases flowing through each channel. To direct exhaust from the exhaust source, the array of channels is positioned such that the array of channels at least partially fills the cross-sectional flow area of the tubular conduit. The collection chamber disposed downstream of the channel array receives the exhaust gas from the discharge passage. The collection chamber has a sufficiently large collection volume such that the exhaust gases within the collection volume exhibit substantially equivalent pressure as they pass through the exit face of each set of channels. [0007] In some variations, one or more of the following features are optionally included in any feasible combination. A plurality of second channels are optionally provided in the second section downstream of the tubular duct to collect the dirty 365# single number deer 01 page 5 of 23 1013040555-0 201233887. Each of the second passages may include a second passage length and a second passage cross-sectional flow region' paired to produce a substantially equal second flow rate for the exhaust gases flowing through each of the second passages. The inner surface area of at least a portion of the one or more channels optionally includes a catalyst coating. The catalyst coating optionally includes catalyzing at least one reaction that converts at least one of the combustion by-products present in the exhaust gas to at least one target compound. The roughened surface provides an increased surface area relative to the untreated surface for application to - or at least a portion of the inner surface of the plurality of channels. The plurality of channels optionally include a metal sheet that is rolled to be mounted in the flow region of the cross-section of the conduit. Metal sheet: The grounding includes flutes of different lengths for forming a plurality of channels in the flow region of the cross section of the official road when the metal sheet is rolled. The metal sheet optionally has a generally triangular shape including a first edge, a second edge, and a third edge. The axis of each of the flutes is optionally aligned substantially parallel to the first edge. The metal sheet is optionally rolled along the pure draw, the rolling axis being at least substantially perpendicular to the first edge. 8] Embodiments of the invention may provide one or more advantages. For example, integrating mufflers and catalytic converters into a single unit and equipment to save size and weight is beneficial in J-cars such as motorcycles, scooters or light cars. [0009] The details of the invention - or a plurality of variations of the 1 〇〇 13653 vocal number are set forth in the accompanying drawings and description below. The illustrations and illustrations provided are intended to be illustrative of the features of the embodiments of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. Other features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the description of the drawings and the appended claims. [Embodiment] [0010] A muffler or muffler system for an internal combustion engine is usually installed along a discharge pipe leading from an exhaust manifold to collect exhaust gas flowing from an exhaust port of the internal combustion engine or the plurality of combustion chambers. Silencers or silencers typically reduce exhaust noise by absorption. For example, the exhaust gases may be conditioned via a series of channels lined with fiberglass wool or other non-resonant materials and chambers or chambers to cause destructive interference in which the opposing acoustic waves cancel each other out. Ο The term "catalytic converter" generally refers to the conversion of unwanted combustion product compounds in the exhaust gas to one or more inert or at least less undesirable target compounds. One or more catalytic materials stimulate the chemical reaction, wherein the chemical reaction of the combustion products varies depending on the type of catalyst of the ampoule. For example, in gasoline-powered light vehicles, motorcycles, or the like in North America, three-way catalytic converters are commonly used, and three-way catalytic converters reduce nitrogen oxides (-nitrogen oxide, nitrogen dioxide, and nitrogen monoxide) and oxidize. Unburned hydrocarbons and oxidation hinder the formation of nitrogen, carbon dioxide and water. Other types of catalytic converters include, but are not limited to, converters that use a directed catalyst to catalyze the conversion of carbon monoxide and unburned hydrocarbons to carbon monoxide and water. [0012] In one embodiment of the invention, the muffler design may comprise a pipe array or a channel array of different lengths and diameters, the ends of the inlet of the pipe or channel array spanning the cross-sectional flow area of the tubular pipe, tubular technology, first The exhaust gas from an exhaust gas source such as an internal combustion engine is guided. As shown in Fig. 1 and the factory, the discharge system 100 includes a tubular pipe 1〇2 for transmitting exhaust gas, for example, from 10013653^^^^ Α〇101 page 7/23 pages 1013040555-0 201233887 exhaust gas discharged from the internal combustion engine . A plurality of small diameter passages or conduits 4 may be arranged on the tubular conduit 102 with an internal flow axis set at least substantially parallel to the flow axis of the tubular conduit 102. As shown in Figures ία and 1B, the channel or conduit 1 〇 4 can be filled or at least partially filled into the cross-sectional flow region of the tubular conduit 102 by s in the close-pack array 1 〇 6. The channels or conduits in the close-packed array may have a diameter and length range that matches the diameter and length of the conduits of each channel or conduit 1〇4 such that each of the channels or conduits 104 in the close-packed arrays 1〇6, Each unit area of the conduit or passage 104 from the inlet end 11 to the outlet end 112 of the array 1〇6 has at least substantially equal flow. The smaller diameter channels or tubes 1〇4 are therefore shorter than the larger diameter channels or tubes 104. The passages in the arrays 1〇6 or the outlet ends 112 of the conduits 1〇4 can be opened into the collector 114, which has a sufficiently large collection capacity to be available at all outlets of the passages or pipes 1〇4. Showing similar pressure. Since the gas flow rates in all of the tubes or channels 104 are similar (because the pressure drops of the individual tubes are comparable), the pressure waves of the exhaust gases can arrive at the collector 114 from each different sized channel or conduit 1 不同 4 at different times. in. [0013] A similar pressure drop can be provided across all of the passages or conduits 104 by a given exhaust volume, which simultaneously enters the passage or conduit of the inlet end 112 of the array 1〇6 and is later discharged to the collector 114. It can be easily connected to all channels or pipes 1〇4 at the outlet end of the array 06. As previously mentioned, the length and cross-sectional flow regions are paired with the "I track or conduit 104 in array 〇6 to produce a similar flow per unit area of each channel or conduit at the cross-section of channel 1〇4. The amount of gas. 10013653^^'^^ A〇101 Page 8 of 23 1013040555-0 201233887 [0014] In an embodiment, the number of channels or conduits 104 of each size may advantageously be selected such that a substantially equivalent amount of exhaust gas Pass through each size of channel or duct 104. In other words, the number of smaller sized pipes or channels 104 in the array can be greater than the number of larger sized pipes or channels 104 such that the total number of cross-sectional areas through all of the channels or pipes 104 of each size is substantially equal. This calculation can be achieved by adjusting the set of channels or pipe sizes and the number of channels or pipes 104 of each size or by predicting and adjusting the cross-sectional areas of those pipes or channels 104. Favorable conditions. 〇 KJ [0015] As such, substantially equivalent sound energy can be delivered to the exit end 114 of the array 106 from each size channel or conduit 104. Due to the different lengths of the channels or tubes 104, substantially equivalent acoustic energy from channels or tubes 104 of each size is staggered into the collector over time such that the acoustic waves are subject to negative interference that at least partially offsets their amplitude. Even though the total number of channels or conduits 104 flowing through each different size is not well balanced among the dimensions of the channels or conduits 104, at least a portion of the acoustic energy will be attenuated. [0016] In an alternative variation, the exhaust gases may flow from one collector 114 to the other, with a second array of different length channels or conduits (not shown in Figure 1) similar to array 106 of channels or conduits 104. The second array can propagate exhaust pulse energy further than the distance corresponding to approximately twice the length difference of the tube or channel 104 in the first or second array. As the pulse length increases, the amplitude decreases, so the sound is attenuated. The present invention provides the same integrated muffler and catalytic converter as the embodiment, and the inner surface of the first array 106 and/or the second array of channels or tubes 104 may be coated with a layer of catalyst. Passing smaller diameter or cross-sectional area 10013653^^^^ Α0101 Page 9/Total 23 page 1013040555-0 201233887 Road or pipe is more effective in reaction with exhaust compounds, although its length is shorter (because of diffusion, random gas Movement, particles in these smaller tubes or channels can quickly bring most molecules into contact with the surface of the catalyst. Channels or tubes of larger diameter or cross-sectional area require more time for molecules to travel longer distances. However, as noted above, larger passages or conduits are longer, thus allowing longer residence times in the conduit or passage to cause random motion to cause the combustion product compound to contact the catalytic material on the inner surface. [0018] Figure 2 shows a Or a plurality of method feature flow diagrams that may be present in an embodiment of the invention. In 202, exhaust gas is exhausted from a source of exhaust gas through a tubular conduit that includes a cross-sectional area of the conduit that is substantially perpendicular to the direction of flow of the exhaust gas within the tubular conduit. The tubular pipe does not need to have a symmetrical cross section, and the cross section does not need to have a constant shape or size along the length of the pipe. In 204, the exhaust gas flow Through a plurality of channels, the channels are disposed in the cross-sectional flow region of the conduit of the section of the tubular conduit and at least partially fill the cross-sectional flow region of the conduit in one of the sections of the tubular conduit. Each channel has a channel length and a channel cross-section Cross-sectional flow area. For each channel, the channel length and the channel cross-sectional flow area are paired to produce approximately equal flow per unit area for exhaust gas flowing through each channel. In 206, one or more At least a portion of the inner surface of the channel is optionally coated with a layer of catalytic material, as described elsewhere herein, by catalyzing a reaction by contacting the exhaust gas with a catalytic coating that converts at least one combustion byproduct in the exhaust gas. For at least one target compound, the exhaust gas is collected in a collection chamber located downstream of the plurality of channels in 210. The collection chamber has a collection volume that is large enough to allow the exhaust gas within the collection volume to pass through 10013653^^^^^° A〇101 ^ 10 1 / * 23 1 1013040555-0 201233887 [0019] c) ❹ Each channel has an approximately equivalent pressure at the exit face. Or its ~ material, the exhaust produced by the engine. The wide-rough coating within the channel or tube 104 can be applied or at least partially coated, for example, by applying a roughening agent to the layer and the rough surface can add useful channels or tubes. 1 Catalytic residual material should: = one or more of the !! Combustion or contaminant species of anti-such channels or conduits may ultimately produce σβ or target compounds. For example, a U varies in length of the cavity formed by the cold rolled corrugated metal sheet. Alternatively, the different diameters may be: a tubular cross-sectional area that is suspected of being metal or ceramic to fill or at least the portion of the manifold. Drilled: = in the - style, "Let the smaller straight (four) material pipe in the gold S Tao is the first side of the set, and increase the diameter of the channel or pipe {gradually arranged in the metal or ceramic bushing Opposite side. The downstream end of the metal or ceramic can be cut at an angle to form the length of the passage or the tract, such that the passage or conduit of the smaller diameter or cross-sectional area has a shorter length 'and a larger diameter or a larger diameter or cross The passage or conduit of the cross-sectional area has a relatively long length such that the flow rate through the tube 102 remains substantially uniform. Each channel or group of pipes has approximately equal flow at each cell area. [0020] In an alternative embodiment, as in the example shown in FIG. 3, the triangular metal sheet 3 having the first side 3〇2, the second side 3〇4, and the third side 306 may have a series of The flutes on the 310. The flutes may be spaced relatively far apart from the first side 3〇2 and parallel to the first side 302, and may be leg 365#单威除1 page 11/23 pages 1013040555-0 201233887 away from the first The sides 302 are gradually closer to each other. When the triangular metal sheet 300 is rolled along a rolling axis that is generally perpendicular to the first side 302, the various forms of passages can be determined by features consistent with the various embodiments of the present invention. In other words, the passage formed by the rolled flutes may be the shortest length of the minimum passage, and the minimum passage has a gradually increasing passage length for forming a passage having a larger cross-sectional area. It should be noted that Figure 3 shows a right-angled triangular metal sheet, and other triangles are also within the scope of the invention. The metal sheet optionally includes one or more materials in addition to (or instead of) the metal sheet. [0021] Unlike prior catalytic converters, which require the support of a catalytic core or a substrate (eg, a ceramic coating) of the catalytic material, embodiments of the present invention may provide a flow surface fluid of the same element that provides attenuated sound as previously described. The surface provides support for the catalytic material. In some embodiments, the coating can be a carrier for the catalytic material that propagates the material on the upper surface, the coating being applied to at least a portion of the inner surface of the channel or conduit in the array 106. A mixture of aluminum oxide, titanium dioxide, cerium oxide, cerium oxide, and yttrium aluminum or a tire similar thereto can be used as a coating carrier material in a slurry form. The catalytic material can be suspended in the mud or other material absorbed or adsorbed by the catalytic material prior to application of the coating to the inner surface of the passage or conduit. The coating material is optionally selected to form a rough, irregular surface that can increase the surface area compared to the smooth surface of the light material of the channel or tube to maximize the available catalytically active surface that reacts with the exhaust gas. The catalytic material itself optionally includes a precious metal. For example, palladium can be used as an oxidation catalyst, rhodium can be used as a reduction catalyst, and platinum can be used for both reduction and oxidation or one of them. Niobium, iron, manganese and nickel can also be used. 4 shows a flow chart of one or more method features in an embodiment of the invention. 10013653^^ A〇101 Page 12 of 23 1013040555-0 201233887
[0023] ❹ [0024] 。在402中，通道陣列包括複數個具有可形成的橫截面流 動區域的分佈的通道。通道組中的每一通道可具有通道 長度和通道截面流動區域，兩者配成對用以為流經每一 通道的廢氣在每一單位橫截面積產生大致相等的流量。 為了引導來自於廢氣源的廢氣，通道陣列可在404中被設 置以使得通道陣列至少部分填充位於管狀管道之區段的 管道橫截面流動區域。在406中，將一或多個通道的至少 部分的内部表面區域被包括催化材料的塗料覆蓋。位於 通道陣列下游的收集室接收通道排出的廢氣，通道可以 在410中被提供。收集室具有足夠大的收集容積以使得收 集容積内的廢氣在穿過每一通道的出口面時呈現大致相 當的壓力。 上述說明中的實施例並不代表所有與在此描述的發明 一致的實施例。相反，它們僅是一些與所述發明相關方 面相一致的一些例子。雖然一些變化在此被詳細描述， 但是其它的修改或增補亦為可能。特別地，進一步的特 徵和/或變化可以在除了所述的例子中被提供。例如，上 述實施例可以應用於公開的特徵和/或組合的不同組合和 子組合及上述公開的一些進一步特徵的子組合。另外， 在此描述的和在附圖中描述的邏輯流程並不必須要求所 顯示的特定順序或連續次序以得到所需結果。所附申請 專利範圍可以包括其它具體示例或實施例。 【圖式簡單說明】 附圖併入說明書的作為其一部分，反映公開的本發明的 某些方面，與說明書一起幫助理解與具體實施例相關的 10013653,單編號删1 第13頁/共23頁 1013040555-0 201233887 原則，在附圖中： 圖1 a疋m统第_橫截面的圖例，系統包括與本發 明實施例相-致的排氣消音和減少污染的特徵； 圖1B疋說明系統第—橫截面的圖例，系統包括與本發 月實把例相^'的排氣消音和減少污染的特徵； 圖2疋机㈣’闡述具有—或多個與本發明實施例相一 致的特徵的方法； ，圖3疋說明4造—個具有舆本發明實施例相一致的排氣 '肖曰和減v污染的特徵的系統的方法方面的圖例； 圖4疋",^程圖’闡述製造—個具有與本發明實施例相一 致的排氣消音和減少污染的特徵的系統的方法。 當是用時，類似的參考編號表示相似的結構、特徵、 或元素。 【主要元件符號說明】 [〇〇25] 1 0 0 系統 102管狀管道 104通道或管道 1 0 6陣列 110入口端 112出口端 114收集器 300金屬片 3 0 2第一側 304第二側 306第三侧 310槽紋 10013653#單編號A0101 第14頁/共23頁 1013040555-0[0023] [0024]. In 402, the array of channels includes a plurality of channels having a distribution of cross-sectional flow regions that can be formed. Each of the channels can have a channel length and a channel section flow area that are paired to produce approximately equal flow per unit cross-sectional area for exhaust gas flowing through each channel. To direct exhaust from the exhaust source, the array of channels can be positioned 404 such that the array of channels at least partially fills the cross-sectional flow area of the conduits in the section of the tubular conduit. At 406, at least a portion of the interior surface area of the one or more channels is covered by a coating comprising a catalytic material. The collection chamber located downstream of the channel array receives the exhaust gases from the channels, which may be provided at 410. The collection chamber has a sufficiently large collection volume such that the exhaust gases within the collection volume exhibit substantially equivalent pressure as they pass through the exit face of each channel. The embodiments in the above description do not represent all embodiments consistent with the invention described herein. Instead, they are just a few examples that are consistent with the invention. Although some variations are described in detail herein, other modifications or additions are possible. In particular, further features and/or variations may be provided in addition to the examples described. For example, the above-described embodiments can be applied to different combinations and sub-combinations of the disclosed features and/or combinations and sub-combinations of some of the further features disclosed above. In addition, the logic flows described herein and described in the drawings are not necessarily required to be in a particular order or in a sequential order. The scope of the appended patents may include other specific examples or embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS [0007] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a 1013040555-0 201233887 Principle, in the drawings: Figure 1 is a diagram of a cross-section of a 疋 cross-section, the system includes features of exhaust muffler and pollution reduction associated with embodiments of the present invention; Figure 1B illustrates the system - a cross-sectional illustration of the system comprising the features of the exhaust noise reduction and pollution reduction of the present invention; Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a machine having four or more features consistent with embodiments of the present invention. Method; FIG. 3A illustrates a schematic diagram of a method for a system having the characteristics of exhaust venting and reducing v pollution consistent with the embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 4 疋 " A method of manufacturing a system having exhaust damper and pollution reducing features consistent with embodiments of the present invention. Similar reference numbers indicate similar structures, features, or elements when used. [Main component symbol description] [〇〇25] 1 0 0 System 102 tubular pipe 104 channel or pipe 1 0 6 array 110 inlet end 112 outlet end 114 collector 300 metal piece 3 0 2 first side 304 second side 306 Three sides 310 groove 10013653# single number A0101 page 14 / total 23 page 1013040555-0