CN107063445A - A kind of high-frequency acoustic performance detecting system and method - Google Patents
A kind of high-frequency acoustic performance detecting system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107063445A CN107063445A CN201710307364.8A CN201710307364A CN107063445A CN 107063445 A CN107063445 A CN 107063445A CN 201710307364 A CN201710307364 A CN 201710307364A CN 107063445 A CN107063445 A CN 107063445A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01H—MEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
- G01H17/00—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves, not provided for in the preceding groups
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of high-frequency acoustic performance detecting system and method, belong to acoustical behavior calibrating field.High-frequency sound source system is arranged on the outside of anechoic room, high-frequency sound source system transmits sound wave into anechoic room by acoustic waveguide tube, when high-frequency sound source institute radiated sound field has good uniformity, acoustic waveguide tube can not be used, and directly high-frequency sound source system is arranged in anechoic room, test bracket front end is installed by microphone and data acquisition device, test bracket is under control system control, the noise data that can be moved between wedge exemplar and acoustic waveguide tube along bracing wire steel wire and obtain sound source between wedge exemplar；The noise data taken is averaging processing, changed, the noise data for obtaining 1/3 octave band to be detected is analyzed and supersonic range attenuation of air calculating is carried out；The noise data of the 1/3 octave band to be detected of acquisition is modified；Sound-filed simulation attenuation curve is drawn, and is contrasted with the calculated results.The present invention improves calibrating efficiency, measuring accuracy.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to acoustical behavior Calibration Technology field, and in particular to a kind of high-frequency acoustic performance detecting system and side
Method.
Background technology
Fan/Compressor Operated noise fest device is that essential experiment is set in engine low noise design and development process
Apply, be the key for carrying out the research of high-efficient low-noise fan test and verification experimental verification.But due to reasons such as construction cost, flow, power
Limitation, Fan/Compressor Operated, which carries out generally requiring to follow aeroacoustics similarity rules during component test, carries out reduced scale experiment, this
Cause fan noise frequency to increase and enter supersonic frequency (more than 20kHz) scope.Therefore, Fan/Compressor Operated noise fest
The construction of device whole elimination room and Calibrating method just generate difference with traditional anechoic room, and propose higher requirement：Need
To carry out audio range (below 20kHz) and ultrasonic frequency range for Fan/Compressor Operated exerciser anechoic room
The acoustics calibration method research of (more than 20kHz), assesses noise elimination wedge and anechoic room at whole frequency range (such as 100Hz-40kHz)
Acoustical behavior, checking anechoic room reach desired design, for contract than fan noise test accurate experimental test data are provided.
The detection method of noise elimination wedge and anechoic room only is given in audible sound frequency range in prior art, and utilizes existing
There is technological means to carry out " transplanting " when applying, following major defect will be faced in supersonic range scope：
1) during supersonic range scope, the wavelength dimension of sound wave will become minimum, and standing acoustic waves pipeline will be unable to design, cause
The difficulty that the test of wedge sound absorption characteristics is assessed can not be carried out using standing acoustic waves Manifold technology of the prior art；
2) during supersonic range scope, decay (relaxation effect) of the air to noise will become more and more significant, can not ignore,
Therefore, how to combine prior art and consider that anechoic room sound free field radius is detected under high frequency condition, is just seemed particularly significant.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention：In order to solve the above problems, the present invention propose a kind of high-frequency acoustic performance detecting system and
Method, employs multipath free found field calibrating synchronism detection scheme, solves noise elimination wedge high-frequency acoustic characteristic evaluation and noise elimination
Room high frequency sound free field testing radius assessment technology problem.
Technical scheme：A kind of high-frequency acoustic performance detecting system, it is adaptable to eliminate the noise wedge or anechoic room
High-frequency acoustic performance detecting is tested；
The high-frequency acoustic performance detecting system includes：High-frequency sound source system, acoustic waveguide tube, test bracket, microphone, drawing
Line steel wire, data acquisition device and control system；
When carrying out the anechoic room acoustic characteristic detection, the high-frequency sound source system is arranged on the outside of anechoic room, and energy
High-frequency sound source is enough produced, the acoustic waveguide tube is connected through the anechoic room with high-frequency sound source system, the acoustic waveguide tube is installed
The center line of axis and anechoic room is located on sustained height, and the high-frequency sound source system is eliminated the noise by the acoustic waveguide tube to described
Indoor transmission sound wave；
, can be and straight without using the acoustic waveguide tube when high-frequency sound source radiated sound field has good sound field uniform properties
Connect and high-frequency sound source is positioned in anechoic room, and cause high-frequency sound source system to be located at sustained height with anechoic room center line to be detected
On, the high-frequency sound source directly transmits sound wave into anechoic room；
When carrying out the noise elimination wedge acoustic characteristic detection, the acoustic waveguide tube is passed through into the anechoic room and high-frequency sound source
System is connected, and the acoustic waveguide tube mounting axis is located on sustained height with wedge exemplar to be detected and anechoic room center line, institute
State high-frequency sound source system and sound wave is transmitted into anechoic room by the acoustic waveguide tube；
, can be and straight without using the acoustic waveguide tube when high-frequency sound source radiated sound field has good sound field uniform properties
Connect and high-frequency sound source is positioned in anechoic room, and cause high-frequency sound source system and wedge exemplar to be detected and anechoic room center line position
In on sustained height, the high-frequency sound source directly transmits sound wave into anechoic room；
The test bracket is arranged between the acoustic waveguide tube and wedge exemplar or anechoic room to be checked, the test bracket
The microphone and data acquisition device are installed in front end, and the test bracket, can be along described under control system control
Bracing wire steel wire is moved between the acoustic waveguide tube and wedge exemplar or anechoic room to be checked.
Preferably, the microphone is free field microphone, and the detector probe of the free field microphone is towards Sounnd source direction
Place.
Preferably, the control system is made up of computer and stepper motor, and the computer is by controlling stepper motor
Operating, the test bracket can be made to be moved on the bracing wire steel wire.
Preferably, the data acquisition device is provided with preamplifier.
Preferably, the high-frequency sound source system include loudspeaker and power amplifier, can more than 20kHz supersonic range
Produce the noise radiation of high s/n ratio.
Preferably, the high-frequency acoustic performance detecting system also includes a plurality of bracing wire steel wire, and the control system can be controlled
The test bracket is made synchronously to move in a plurality of bracing wire steel wire.
A kind of high-frequency acoustic performance detecting method, it is adaptable to the high-frequency acoustic performance detecting examination of eliminate the noise wedge or anechoic room
Test, comprise the following steps：
Step a：Obtained by high-frequency acoustic performance detecting system between sound source and wedge exemplar to be checked or anechoic room to be checked
Noise data；
The centerline of the high-frequency sound source, wedge exemplar to be checked or anechoic room to be checked is in sustained height, using computer
Control test bracket is moved between the high-frequency sound source and wedge exemplar or anechoic room, and completes noise at diverse location
Test；Need to complete environment temperature, the test of humidity and record in test process；Can by above test system and testing scheme
To obtain the noise data between sound source and wedge to be detected or anechoic room to be detected；
Step b：Multiple averaging processing is carried out first to the noise data taken, FFT conversions is secondly carried out, finally carries out 1/
3 octave analysis obtain the noise data of 1/3 octave band to be detected；
Step c：Supersonic range attenuation of air meter is carried out based on the environment temperature in test process, humidity and detection frequency
Calculate；
Step d：The noise data of the 1/3 octave band to be detected of acquisition is entered based on supersonic range attenuation of air result of calculation
Row amendment；
Step e：Sound-filed simulation attenuation curve is drawn, and is contrasted with the calculated results；
If wedge exemplar to be checked or anechoic room to be checked meet test result and reason in the range of detection frequency and detecting distance
By the requirement for calculating deviation ± 1.5dB, then assay approval.
Preferably, in the step a, mobile test support is no less than 1 minute in the time of diverse location noise testing, position
Put interval and be not more than 1cm, position control error is less than 1/4 wavelength of tested sound wave.
Preferably, in the step b, noise testing data at each test position are averaging processing, average time
No less than 10 times.
The technique effect of the present invention：A kind of high-frequency acoustic performance detecting system and method for the present invention, greatly improves calibrating
Efficiency, measuring accuracy, save calibrating cost, have filled up and have completed noise elimination wedge sound absorption spy in ultrasonic frequency range (more than 20kHz)
Property test, anechoic room free field radius calibrating etc. anechoic room Calibration Technology blank.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural representation of a preferred embodiment of high-frequency acoustic performance detecting system of the invention；
Fig. 2 is a kind of principle schematic of a preferred embodiment of high-frequency acoustic performance detecting method of the invention；
Fig. 3 is the schematic flow sheet of embodiment illustrated in fig. 2；
Fig. 4 is the supersonic range noise elimination wedge of embodiment illustrated in fig. 2 or the result evaluation schematic diagram of anechoic room sound absorption characteristics；
Wherein, 1- high-frequency sound sources system, 2- acoustic waveguide tubes, 3- test brackets, 4- microphones, 5- bracing wire steel wires, 6- data
Harvester, 7- control systems, 8- anechoic rooms, 9- wedge exemplars.
Embodiment
To make the purpose, technical scheme and advantage of the invention implemented clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention
Accompanying drawing, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is further described in more detail.In the accompanying drawings, identical from beginning to end or class
As label represent same or similar element or the element with same or like function.Described embodiment is the present invention
A part of embodiment, rather than whole embodiments.The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary, it is intended to uses
It is of the invention in explaining, and be not considered as limiting the invention.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, ordinary skill people
The every other embodiment that member is obtained under the premise of creative work is not made, belongs to the scope of protection of the invention.Under
Embodiments of the invention are described in detail with reference to accompanying drawing for face.
In the description of the invention, it is to be understood that term " " center ", " longitudinal direction ", " transverse direction ", "front", "rear",
The orientation or position relationship of the instruction such as "left", "right", " vertical ", " level ", " top ", " bottom " " interior ", " outer " is based on accompanying drawing institutes
The orientation or position relationship shown, is for only for ease of the description present invention and simplifies description, rather than indicate or imply signified dress
Put or element there must be specific orientation, with specific azimuth configuration and operation, therefore it is not intended that to present invention protection
The limitation of scope.
Embodiments of the invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, Fig. 1 are referred to Fig. 4；
As shown in Figure 1 to Figure 2：A kind of high-frequency acoustic performance detecting system, including：High-frequency sound source system 1, acoustic waveguide tube 2,
Test bracket 3, microphone 4, bracing wire steel wire 5, data acquisition device 6 and control system 7；
High-frequency sound source system 1 includes loudspeaker and power amplifier, can be produced enough in more than 20kHz supersonic range
The noise radiation of high s/n ratio, and with good signal to noise ratio；
High-frequency sound source system 1 is arranged on the outside of anechoic room 8, and acoustic waveguide tube 2 passes through anechoic room 8 and high-frequency sound source system 1
Connection, wedge exemplar 9 is hung on inside anechoic room, the mounting axis of acoustic waveguide tube 2 and wedge exemplar 9 and the center line of anechoic room 8 position
In on sustained height, sound source is kept to send the symmetry of sound field；
When the radiated sound field of high-frequency sound source 1 has good sound field uniform properties, can without using the acoustic waveguide tube 2, and
Directly high-frequency sound source 1 is positioned in anechoic room 8, and causes high-frequency sound source system 1 and wedge to be detected or anechoic room to be detected 8
Center line is located on sustained height, and the high-frequency sound source 1 directly transmits sound wave into anechoic room 8.
Test bracket 3 is arranged on the front end of test bracket 3 between acoustic waveguide tube 2 and wedge exemplar 9 and installs microphone 4 and data
Harvester 6, test bracket 3 is under the control of control system 7, and control system 7 is made up of computer and stepper motor, and computer leads to
The operating of control stepper motor is crossed, the test bracket 3 can be made to be automatically moved on the bracing wire steel wire 5, it is possible to achieve is appointed
The test of meaning setting position noise, test bracket 3 has minimum sound wave reflection characteristic, and its surface carries out Acoustic treatment, prevented
Support reflection causes quadratic noise source to produce.
In the present embodiment, microphone 4 is free field microphone, and the impression portion of free field microphone is put towards Sounnd source direction
Put, effectively can weaken influence of the sound wave reflection to test using free directivity of microphone feature.
In the present embodiment, data acquisition device 6 includes preamplifier, is conducive to the collection of noise data.
When carrying out the high-frequency acoustic performance detecting experiment of noise elimination wedge and anechoic room, increase on the basis of high-frequency sound source 1
Acoustic waveguide tube 2, by acoustic waveguide tube 2 transmits sound wave into anechoic room 8；Shortcoming to overcome ultrasonic sound source directive property difference,
The characteristics of small, wave surface is plane is lost in suitable diameter pipeline internal communication based on sound wave, a kind of high-frequency sound source is formd
High-frequency sound source system being combined with acoustic waveguide tube, with good directive property, the sound source for solving anechoic room high-frequency detection is asked
Topic.
Acoustic waveguide tube 2 need to by optimization calculate, by optimizing pipe size, can solve in the test process of anechoic room 8 because
Sound wave interference problem caused by acoustic source separation difference；Control system can control test bracket synchronously to be carried out in a plurality of bracing wire steel wire
It is mobile, the multipath free found field calibrating synchronous test system of ultra-large type whole elimination room can be completed, calibrating can be greatly enhanced
Efficiency, raising data test precision, saving calibrating cost.
As shown in figure 3, a kind of high-frequency acoustic performance detecting method, comprises the following steps：
Step a：Make high-frequency sound source, treat wedge exemplar or the centerline of anechoic room to be detected is in sustained height, using meter
Calculation machine control test bracket is moved between the high-frequency sound source and wedge exemplar or anechoic room, and is completed at diverse location
The test of noise；Need to complete environment temperature, the test of humidity and record in test process；Pass through above test system and test side
Case can obtain the noise data between sound source and wedge to be detected or anechoic room；
The time of diverse location noise testing is no less than 1 minute, and location interval is not more than 1cm, and position control error is small
In 1/4 wavelength of tested sound wave；
Step b：First, multiple averaging processing is carried out to the noise data taken, and number of times is no less than 10 times, eliminates extraneous
Interference, improves signal to noise ratio, obtains steady state noise test result；
Next, carries out FFT conversions to the noise data after average, finally carries out third-octave analysis, obtain to be detected 1/
The noise data of 3 octave bands；
Step c：Carry out completing environment temperature, humidity in test process and detect test and the record of frequency, based on test
During environment temperature, humidity and detection frequency using SAE-ARP-866A carry out supersonic range attenuation of air calculating；
Step d：Carry out completing environment temperature, humidity in test process based on supersonic range attenuation of air result of calculation to obtaining
The noise data of the 1/3 octave band to be detected obtained is modified；
Step e：Sound-filed simulation attenuation curve is drawn, and is contrasted with the calculated results；
As shown in Figure 4：If wedge exemplar to be checked or anechoic room are in the range of detection frequency and detecting distance, test knot is met
Fruit and theoretical calculation deviation ± 1.5dB requirement, then assay approval.
A kind of high-frequency acoustic performance detecting system and method for the present invention, employs multipath free found field calibrating synchronism detection
Scheme, solves noise elimination wedge high-frequency acoustic characteristic evaluation and anechoic room high frequency sound free field testing radius assessment technology problem, pole
It is big to improve calibrating efficiency, measuring accuracy, calibrating cost is saved, has filled up and has completed to disappear in ultrasonic frequency range (more than 20kHz)
The blank of the anechoic room Calibration Technologies such as the test of sound wedge sound absorption characteristics, the calibrating of anechoic room free field radius.
It is last it is to be noted that：The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than its limitations.To the greatest extent
The present invention is described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments for pipe, it will be understood by those within the art that：It is still
Technical scheme described in foregoing embodiments can be modified, or which part technical characteristic is equally replaced
Change；And these modifications or replacement, the essence of appropriate technical solution is departed from the essence of various embodiments of the present invention technical scheme
God and scope.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of high-frequency acoustic performance detecting system, it is characterised in that the high-frequency acoustic performance detecting system is applied to eliminate the noise
The high-frequency acoustic performance detecting experiment of wedge or anechoic room；
The high-frequency acoustic performance detecting system includes：It is high-frequency sound source system (1), acoustic waveguide tube (2), test bracket (3), transaudient
Device (4), bracing wire steel wire (5), data acquisition device (6) and control system (7)；
When carrying out the anechoic room acoustic characteristic detection, the high-frequency sound source system (1) is arranged on the outside of anechoic room (8), and
High-frequency sound source can be produced, the acoustic waveguide tube (2) is connected through the anechoic room (8) with high-frequency sound source system (1), the sound
Waveguide (2) mounting axis and the center line of anechoic room (8) are located on sustained height, and the high-frequency sound source system (1) passes through institute
State acoustic waveguide tube (2) transmission sound wave into the anechoic room (8)；
, can be and direct without using the acoustic waveguide tube (2) when high-frequency sound source radiated sound field has good sound field uniform properties
High-frequency sound source (1) is positioned in anechoic room (8), and causes high-frequency sound source system (1) and anechoic room to be detected (8) center line position
In on sustained height, the high-frequency sound source (1) directly transmits sound wave into anechoic room；
When carrying out the noise elimination wedge acoustic characteristic detection, the acoustic waveguide tube (2) is passed through into the anechoic room (8) and high frequency sound
Source system (1) is connected, and acoustic waveguide tube (2) mounting axis is located at wedge exemplar (9) to be detected and anechoic room (8) center line
On sustained height, the high-frequency sound source system (1) transmits sound wave into anechoic room by the acoustic waveguide tube (2)；
, can be and direct without using the acoustic waveguide tube (2) when high-frequency sound source radiated sound field has good sound field uniform properties
High-frequency sound source (1) is positioned in anechoic room (8), and causes high-frequency sound source system (1) and wedge exemplar (9) to be detected and noise elimination
Room (8) center line is located on sustained height, and the high-frequency sound source (1) directly transmits sound wave into anechoic room；
The test bracket (3) is arranged between the acoustic waveguide tube (2) and wedge exemplar (9) or anechoic room to be checked, described to survey
Try support (3) front end and the microphone (4) and data acquisition device (6) are installed, the test bracket (3) is in the control system
(7), can be along the bracing wire steel wire (5) between the acoustic waveguide tube (2) and wedge exemplar (9) or anechoic room to be checked under controlling
It is mobile.
2. high-frequency acoustic performance detecting system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The microphone (4) is freely
Field microphone, the detector probe of the free field microphone (4) is placed towards Sounnd source direction.
3. high-frequency acoustic performance detecting system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The control system (7) is by counting
Calculation machine and stepper motor composition, the computer can make the test bracket (3) in institute by controlling the operating of stepper motor
State and moved on bracing wire steel wire (5).
4. high-frequency acoustic performance detecting system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The data acquisition device (6)
It is provided with preamplifier.
5. high-frequency acoustic performance detecting system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The high-frequency sound source system (1)
Comprising loudspeaker and power amplifier, the noise radiation of high s/n ratio can be produced in more than 20kHz supersonic range.
6. high-frequency acoustic performance detecting system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The high-frequency acoustic performance detecting
System also includes a plurality of bracing wire steel wire (5), and the control system can control the test bracket (3) in a plurality of bracing wire steel
Silk (5) is synchronously moved.
7. a kind of high-frequency acoustic performance detecting method, it is characterised in that：Suitable for noise elimination wedge or the high-frequency acoustic of anechoic room
Performance detecting is tested, and is comprised the following steps：
Step a：Making an uproar between sound source and wedge exemplar to be checked or anechoic room to be checked is obtained by high-frequency acoustic performance detecting system
Sound data；
The centerline of the high-frequency sound source, wedge exemplar to be checked or anechoic room to be checked is adopted and computerizedd control in sustained height
Test bracket is moved between the high-frequency sound source and wedge exemplar or anechoic room, and completes the survey of noise at diverse location
Examination；Need to complete environment temperature, the test of humidity and record in test process；It can be obtained by above test system and testing scheme
Take the noise data between sound source and wedge to be detected or anechoic room to be detected；
Step b：Multiple averaging processing is carried out first to the noise data taken, FFT conversions are secondly carried out, 1/3 times is finally carried out
Sound interval analysis obtains the noise data of 1/3 octave band to be detected；
Step c：Supersonic range attenuation of air calculating is carried out based on the environment temperature in test process, humidity and detection frequency；
Step d：The noise data of the 1/3 octave band to be detected of acquisition is repaiied based on supersonic range attenuation of air result of calculation
Just；
Step e：Sound-filed simulation attenuation curve is drawn, and is contrasted with the calculated results；
If wedge exemplar to be checked or anechoic room to be checked are in the range of detection frequency and detecting distance, meet test result and counted with theoretical
Deviation ± 1.5dB requirement is calculated, then assay approval.
8. high-frequency acoustic performance detecting method according to claim 7, it is characterised in that：In the step a, mobile test
Support is no less than 1 minute in the time of diverse location noise testing, and location interval is not more than 1cm, and position control error is less than
1/4 wavelength of tested sound wave.
9. high-frequency acoustic performance detecting method according to claim 7, it is characterised in that：In the step b, surveyed to each
Noise testing data are averaging processing at examination position, and average time is no less than 10 times.
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| CN108180985A (en) * | 2018-01-24 | 2018-06-19 | 无锡市计量测试院 | A kind of sound level meter calibrating installation automatic control system |
| CN109556707A (en) * | 2018-12-10 | 2019-04-02 | 山东国金汽车制造有限公司 | A kind of test method of automobile cooling module fan monomer vibration noise |
| CN110332986A (en) * | 2019-07-31 | 2019-10-15 | 中国航发沈阳发动机研究所 | A kind of turbulence control holds one's breath and keep quiet calibration system and method |
| CN113108895A (en) * | 2021-04-06 | 2021-07-13 | 绍兴市质量技术监督检测院 | High-accuracy complete-elimination detection system |
| CN115507943A (en) * | 2022-10-07 | 2022-12-23 | 西北工业大学 | High-temperature sound field scanning test device with temperature control function and test method |
| CN117596536A (en) * | 2024-01-18 | 2024-02-23 | 杭州爱华仪器有限公司 | Device and method for switching incident angle during microphone frequency weighting test |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108180985A (en) * | 2018-01-24 | 2018-06-19 | 无锡市计量测试院 | A kind of sound level meter calibrating installation automatic control system |
| CN108180985B (en) * | 2018-01-24 | 2023-06-27 | 无锡市检验检测认证研究院 | Automatic control system of sound level meter calibrating device |
| CN109556707A (en) * | 2018-12-10 | 2019-04-02 | 山东国金汽车制造有限公司 | A kind of test method of automobile cooling module fan monomer vibration noise |
| CN110332986A (en) * | 2019-07-31 | 2019-10-15 | 中国航发沈阳发动机研究所 | A kind of turbulence control holds one's breath and keep quiet calibration system and method |
| CN113108895A (en) * | 2021-04-06 | 2021-07-13 | 绍兴市质量技术监督检测院 | High-accuracy complete-elimination detection system |
| CN113108895B (en) * | 2021-04-06 | 2024-06-14 | 绍兴市质量技术监督检测院 | Total elimination detection system |
| CN115507943A (en) * | 2022-10-07 | 2022-12-23 | 西北工业大学 | High-temperature sound field scanning test device with temperature control function and test method |
| CN115507943B (en) * | 2022-10-07 | 2024-04-26 | 西北工业大学 | High Wen Shengchang scanning test device with temperature control function and test method |
| CN117596536A (en) * | 2024-01-18 | 2024-02-23 | 杭州爱华仪器有限公司 | Device and method for switching incident angle during microphone frequency weighting test |
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