CN103438988A - Method for automatically measuring and testing sound field of complete anechoic chamber and standard device - Google Patents
Method for automatically measuring and testing sound field of complete anechoic chamber and standard device Download PDFInfo
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- CN103438988A CN103438988A CN2013103931000A CN201310393100A CN103438988A CN 103438988 A CN103438988 A CN 103438988A CN 2013103931000 A CN2013103931000 A CN 2013103931000A CN 201310393100 A CN201310393100 A CN 201310393100A CN 103438988 A CN103438988 A CN 103438988A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for automatically measuring and testing a sound field of a complete anechoic chamber and a standard device. A traditional manual sound field measuring and testing method is low in measuring efficiency and poor in measuring accuracy. The standard device comprises a signal generator, a power amplifier, a sound source, a standard microphone, a microphone fixture, a signal collecting and analyzing system, a traction fish wire, a fixed steel wire, a pulley, a traction wire rotating wheel, a telescopic rod, an H-shaped piece, and a mainframe box. The signal generator sends out sound signals through the sound source after going through the power amplifier. The sound signals are received by the standard microphone and then are processed and analyzed. The standard microphone automatically walks in a preset path. The method and the standard device enable measuring data of the sound field of the complete anechoic chamber to be more accurate, more credible and more authorized.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of automatic gauge detection method and standard set-up, be specifically related to a kind of sound field automatic gauge detection method and standard set-up of whole elimination room.
Background technology
Along with the enhancing of China's economic strength, people's living standard has had significant raising, corresponding also more and more higher to the requirement of quality of the life.People also improve day by day to the requirement of acoustic connection (as electroacoustic, building sound, material acoustics etc.), as the requirement of some Fanciers to sound equipment sound quality, the requirement of people to the quiet degree of household electrical appliance noise, build requirement of hall vocal music effect etc. to theatre, cinema, music hall etc.Above demand can corresponding proposition be carried out research evaluation and the building hall is carried out to the requirements such as acoustical behavior evaluation the sound quality of electro-acoustic product, and this will relate to the research of sound field characteristic in anechoic room (comprising whole elimination room and semianechoic room), reverberation chamber and the building hall.The construction quantity of current domestic whole elimination room, semianechoic room, reverberation chamber and the building hall is increasing, and the metrology and measurement research of above experiment room sound field seems particularly necessary and important.
For whole elimination room, one of most important technical indicator of weighing its acoustics precision is the free found field scope, it has determined the size of actual available sound field spatial dimension in anechoic room, if carry out the acoustic metrology test outside this scope, measurement result will there will be gross differences, therefore definite free found field scope is to actual anechoic room user by most important, and the technique index will be also the content that needs consideration emphatically and research for the anechoic room constructor.On the other hand, metrological service is when utilizing anechoic room research experiment (as microphone free field reciprocity metering, electroacoustic metering, acoustical power test, standard source metering etc.), the sound field that need to accurately find out in anechoic room distributes, and in anechoic room, be subject to acoustic scattering affect larger zone analyze with research and in addition Acoustic Optimization improve, to improve free found field characteristic in anechoic room.
For whole elimination room, determining that free found field scope and sound field thereof distribute be unable to do without the metrology and measurement that sound field distributes.Current traditional manual sound field metrology and measurement mode, not only measuring inefficiency (measures consuming time long, the long sound source stability that directly causes in same path testing consuming time is poorer, and then affect accuracy of measurement), and due to manual mobile microphone causes the microphone mobile route can not be point-blank, and then affected the accuracy of measuring, therefore the conventional manual acoustic field can not meet the nowadays metrology and measurement demand of large-scale acoustical laboratory, therefore be necessary very much to carry out the research for the key issue in sound field automatic gauge test in whole elimination room, and develop corresponding standard set-up, to reach sound field distribution automatic gauge test purpose in acoustical laboratory, provide very necessary method and hardware supported for improving free found field characteristic in whole elimination room.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of whole elimination room sound field automatic gauge detection method and standard set-up thereof are provided.
Whole elimination room sound field automatic gauge detection method is: dodecahedron non-directive sound source (50Hz～10kHz) or high-frequency sound source (10kHz～20kHz) are placed in to one meter, top, whole elimination room earth mat geometric center position, by the software control signal generator, signal sends white noise or tonal signal sound wave via the spherical sound source of power amplifier control dodecahedron or high-frequency sound source, on the other hand an expansion link is placed in to the centre position of whole elimination room earth mat near the wedge end wall surface, another root expansion link is placed in to the centre position (two expansion link lines be divided into two anechoic room) of whole elimination room earth mat near opposite wedge end wall surface, sound source is in two bar centre positions, steel wire is fixed on two expansion link top I-shaped parts and forms two guide rails that can guide the microphone walking, standard microphone is installed on the steel wire guide rail, standard microphone height and Sound Source Center height are consistent, the standard microphone walking path be from the sound source surface location to the standard microphone place one side expansion link position, bidirectional walking back and forth, by the software control stepper motor, rotate, two draught line pulleys on motor start reverse direction and take up respectively and loosen the traction fishing line, take up the fishing line head sheave and drive the continuous or interval walking on the steel wire guide rail of fishing line control criterion microphone, the speed of travel, spacing distance, delay sampling time all can be as required by software controls.Before measurement first to being debugged apart from internal standard microphone walking between two expansion links, when standard microphone is between two expansion links, by debug function button control in software, make standard microphone from middle position to " 0 " number limit switch walking, when microphone reaches " 0 " number limit-switch positions and trigger " 0 " number limit switch, standard microphone starts reverse walking, now electric machine controller carries out step-by-step counting, until microphone reaches " 1 " number limit-switch positions and triggers " 1 " number limit switch, standard microphone stops walking, now in electric machine controller record walking " 0 " number limit switch with " 1 " number limit switch apart from corresponding umber of pulse, and then obtain the distance value that individual pulse is corresponding, thereby complete debugging.By controlling the selected standard microphone walking manner of software, and the sound-source signal type can start test, and standard microphone is covered the predetermined paths distance and just completed the single test, changes signal type or standard microphone walking manner and can test next time.Line of whole elimination room can be moved the acoustic characteristic on another circuit of expansion link position measurement after having tested.
The standard set-up of realizing said method comprises: signal generator, power amplifier, sound source, standard microphone, microphone fixture, signal processing and analysis system, traction fishing line, fixedly steel wire, pulley, draught line runner, expansion link, I-shaped part and mainframe box.Described signal generator is for generation of white noise or tonal signal; Described power amplifier carries out power amplification for the signal that signal generator is produced; Described sound source is the part of automatic gauge pick-up unit, electric signal to power amplifier output converts acoustic signals to, comprise low-frequency sound source and high-frequency sound source, low-frequency sound source is dodecahedron non-directive sound source, and high-frequency sound source is comprised of the acoustic resonance chamber of tweeter and Four types; Described standard microphone is for measuring acoustic signals; Described microphone fixture is for the fixed standard microphone and with draught line, fixedly steel wire is connected; Described traction fishing line is for drawing the standard microphone moving linearly; Described fixedly steel wire is comprised of two steel wires, and as the two guide rails of the straight line of the microphone fixture that is mounted with standard microphone, the major function of the two guide rails of straight line is to guarantee that the microphone fixture can not vacillate now to the left, now to the right by product in the process of motion; Described pulley is mainly used in connecting draught line to reduce the friction of transmission; Described draught line runner is comprised of the runner of two parallel placement switched in opposite, for driving the traction fishing line, makes the microphone fixture that is mounted with standard microphone make the horizontal linear back and forth movement; Described expansion link is mainly used in regulating the steel wire level height, and different anechoic room sizes are regulated by steel wire length; Article two, steel wire is fixed on expansion link by described I-shaped part, forms the line slideway of two levels; Described mainframe box has two, a placement that is mainly used in circuit part and motor part, inside comprises: power supply, stepper motor, driver, controller and limit switch, limit switch connects respectively " 0 " and " 1 " position, " 0 " controls motor reversal, and " 1 " is controlled motor and stopped; Another mainframe box is the pure iron piece, plays a supportive role, and above-mentioned expansion link is separately fixed on two mainframe boxes.
Described acoustic resonance chamber one has four kinds of different sizes, mainly together with tweeter, form high-frequency sound source, can meet two requirements: the one, approximate point sound source, the outlet sound mouth size is in frequency range 1/10 of the shortest wave length of sound, and directive property meets the requirement of non-directive sound source; The 2nd, the sound pressure level amplification is carried out to corresponding frequencies point sound wave in the acoustic resonance chamber, and sound level reaches the signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) requirement.
In the 10kHz-20kHz frequency range, through acoustical waveguide is theoretical, to derive, the diameter of outlet sound mouth is not more than 6mm, and the length in acoustic resonance chamber should be selected:
L=(2n-1)*λ/4 n=1，2，3……(1)
That is: the odd-multiple that the acoustic resonance cavity length is corresponding 1/4 wavelength of each frequency of sound wave.
The present invention is corresponding to 10kHz, 12.5kHz, and 16kHz, tetra-frequencies of 20kHz, build length and be respectively 147.1mm, 117.6mm, 91.9mm, the acoustic resonance chamber of 73.5mm.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: filled up the blank that domestic whole elimination room sound field automatic gauge detects, made the data of sound field metering of whole elimination room more accurate, more credible, more authoritative.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 whole elimination room sound field automatic gauge pick-up unit hardware connection layout;
Fig. 2 whole elimination room sound field automatic gauge detection method process flow diagram;
Fig. 3 is whole elimination room sound field automatic gauge pick-up unit schematic diagram;
Fig. 4 is microphone fixture schematic diagram;
Fig. 5 is whole elimination room pulley connection diagram;
Fig. 6 is whole elimination room draught line runner schematic diagram;
Fig. 7 is I-shaped part schematic diagram;
Fig. 8 is the inner formation of mainframe box schematic diagram;
Fig. 9 is acoustic resonance chamber schematic diagram.
Embodiment
Below by example, and by reference to the accompanying drawings the present invention is carried out to further detailed description.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, dodecahedron non-directive sound source (50Hz～10kHz) or high-frequency sound source (10kHz～20kHz) are placed in to one meter, top, whole elimination room earth mat geometric center position, by self-programmed software control signal generator, signal sends white noise or tonal signal sound wave via the spherical sound source of power amplifier control dodecahedron or high-frequency sound source, on the other hand cabinet and expansion link are placed in to the centre position of whole elimination room earth mat near the wedge end wall surface, another expansion link is placed in to the centre position (two expansion link lines be divided into two anechoic room) of whole elimination room earth mat near opposite wedge end wall surface, sound source is in two bar centre positions, another expansion link is placed in to the whole elimination room earth mat near wedge end centre position, opposite, sound source and two telescopic rods are on a surface level, sound source is in two bar centre positions, steel wire is fixed on two expansion link top I-shaped parts and forms two guide rails that can guide the microphone walking, microphone is installed on the steel wire guide rail, microphone height and Sound Source Center height are consistent, the microphone walking path be from the sound source surface location to the microphone place one side expansion link position, bidirectional walking back and forth, by the software control stepper motor, rotate, two draught line pulleys on motor start reverse direction and take up respectively and loosen the traction fishing line, take up the fishing line head sheave and drive the continuous or interval walking on the steel wire guide rail of fishing line control measuring microphone, the speed of travel, spacing distance, delay sampling time all can be as required by software controls.First the interior microphone of distance between two expansion links is walked and debugged before measurement, when microphone is between two expansion links, by debug function button control in software, make microphone from middle position to " 0 " number limit switch walking, when microphone reaches " 0 " number limit-switch positions and trigger " 0 " number limit switch, microphone starts reverse walking, now electric machine controller carries out step-by-step counting, until microphone reaches " 1 " number limit-switch positions and triggers " 1 " number limit switch, microphone stops walking, now in electric machine controller record walking " 0 " number limit switch with " 1 " number limit switch apart from corresponding umber of pulse, and then obtain the distance value that individual pulse is corresponding, thereby complete debugging.By the selected microphone walking manner of self-editing control software, and the sound-source signal type can start test, and microphone is covered the predetermined paths distance and just completed the single test, changes signal type or microphone walking manner and can test next time.Line of whole elimination room can be moved the acoustic characteristic on another circuit of expansion link position measurement after having tested.
As shown in Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5, Fig. 6, Fig. 7 and Fig. 8, the standard set-up in the present invention comprises: signal generator, power amplifier, sound source, standard microphone, microphone fixture, signal processing and analysis system, traction fishing line, fixedly steel wire, pulley, draught line runner, expansion link, I-shaped part and mainframe box.Described signal generator is for generation of white noise or tonal signal; Described power amplifier carries out power amplification for the signal that signal generator is produced; Described sound source is the part of automatic gauge pick-up unit, electric signal to power amplifier output converts acoustic signals to, comprise low-frequency sound source and high-frequency sound source, low-frequency sound source is dodecahedron non-directive sound source, and high-frequency sound source is comprised of the acoustic resonance chamber of tweeter and Four types; Described microphone is for measuring acoustic signals; Described microphone fixture is for fixing microphone and with draught line, fixedly steel wire is connected; Described traction fishing line is for drawing the microphone moving linearly; Described fixedly steel wire is comprised of two steel wires, and as the two guide rails of the straight line of the microphone fixture that is mounted with microphone, the major function of the two guide rails of straight line is to guarantee that the microphone fixture can not vacillate now to the left, now to the right by product in the process of motion; Described pulley is mainly used in connecting draught line to reduce the friction of transmission; Described draught line runner is comprised of the runner of two parallel placement switched in opposite, for driving the traction fishing line, makes the microphone fixture that is mounted with microphone make the horizontal linear back and forth movement; Described expansion link is mainly used in regulating the steel wire level height, and different anechoic room sizes are regulated by steel wire length; Article two, steel wire is fixed on expansion link by described I-shaped part, forms the line slideway of two levels; Described mainframe box has 2,1 placement that is mainly used in circuit part and motor part, inside comprises: power supply, stepper motor, driver, controller and limit switch, limit switch connects respectively " 0 " and " 1 " position, " 0 " controls motor reversal, and " 1 " is controlled motor and stopped; Another mainframe box is the pure iron piece, plays a supportive role, and above-mentioned expansion link is separately fixed on 2 mainframe boxes.
As shown in Figure 9, acoustic resonance chamber one has four kinds of different sizes, form high-frequency sound source by port b together with tweeter, can meet two requirements: the one, approximate point sound source, be that the outlet sound mouth size is in frequency range 1/10 of the shortest wave length of sound, and directive property meet the requirement of non-directive sound source; The 2nd, the sound pressure level amplification is carried out to corresponding frequencies point sound wave in the acoustic resonance chamber, and sound level reaches the signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) requirement.
In the 10kHz-20kHz frequency range, through acoustical waveguide is theoretical, derive, the diameter a of outlet sound mouth is not more than 6mm, and the length c in acoustic resonance chamber should select:
c=(2n-1)*λ/4 n=1，2，3……(1)
That is: the odd-multiple that the acoustic resonance cavity length is corresponding 1/4 wavelength of each frequency of sound wave.
Corresponding to 10kHz, 12.5kHz, 16kHz, tetra-frequencies of 20kHz, build length c and be respectively 147.1mm, 117.6mm, 91.9mm, the acoustic resonance chamber of 73.5mm.
Embodiment mono-
With reference to Fig. 3, with reference to Fig. 3, whole elimination room sound field automatic gauge pick-up unit is by mainframe box 1, draught line runner 2, expansion link 3, traction fishing line 4, pulley 5, fixedly steel wire 6, microphone fixture 7, sound source 8, mainframe box 11, standard microphone 12, I-shaped part 13, signal processing and analysis system 20, signal generator 21, power amplifier 22 form, wherein draught line runner 2 is comprised of the runner of two parallel placement switched in opposite, and is fixed on above mainframe box 1 by motor; 2 expansion links 3 are separately fixed on mainframe box 1 and mainframe box 11, and pulley 5 is fixed on expansion link 3 by I-shaped part 13; Two fixedly steel wire 6 by I-shaped part 13, with two expansion links, be fixed up respectively, and form the line slideway of two levels; Microphone fixture 7 is in order to fixing microphone 12, and steel wire 6 and traction fishing line 4 are connected respectively with fixedly.For mainframe box 1, with reference to Fig. 8, its inside comprises: power supply, stepper motor, driver, controller and limit switch, and limit switch connects respectively " 0 " and " 1 " position, and " 0 " controls motor reversal, and " 1 " is controlled motor and is stopped; Another mainframe box is the pure iron piece, plays a supportive role, and above-mentioned expansion link is separately fixed on 2 mainframe boxes.Mainframe box 1 its inside comprises: power supply 14, stepper motor 15, driver 16, controller 17 and limit switch 18,19, and limit switch 18,19 connects respectively " 0 " and " 1 " position, and " 0 " controls motor reversal, and " 1 " is controlled motor and is stopped.
When actual metered detects, sound source 8 is fixed on to the whole elimination room center, sound source is apart from 1 meter of earth mat 10 height, microphone setting height(from bottom) and Sound Source Center height are consistent, make the microphone walking path through Sound Source Center, the microphone stationary installation that is fixed with microphone is carried out to operation automatically by the driven by motor draught line and detect.
At first need to carry out the distance debugging by software, as we record the path length that needs microphone to walk, it is 1.80 meters, at two ends, microphone path destination county, do lower mark, debug button in hit testing software, now microphone starts near sound source according to preset path under the fishing line traction, when walking sound source end mark, triggers by microphone limit switch 0, microphone is oppositely walking immediately, until microphone triggers limit switch 1 while running to wedge end mark, now microphone stop motion, click in software and read position button, show that current microphone is in 1.80 meters positions (sound source end mark is 0 meter), now in electric machine controller record walking " 0 " number limit switch with " 1 " number limit switch apart from corresponding umber of pulse, and then obtain the distance value that individual pulse is corresponding, thereby complete debugging.
After having debugged, just can be tested, by software, make sound source send white noise, selecting the microphone route is away from wedge, interval measurement, microphone speed of travel 1cm/s, each measuring point interval 2cm, test time delay 30s, click and start to measure button (the sound source surface distance is 0.24m), system just starts to carry out the automatic gauge detection, software shows microphone position in real time, when microphone, has walked and has clicked and stop testing button 1.80 meters the time, and test completes.Due to signal source used, be white noise therefore only need to measure once on every line, just can in measurement result, analyze 50Hz, 63Hz, 80Hz, 100Hz, 125Hz, 250Hz, 500Hz, 1000Hz, 2000Hz, 4000Hz, 5000Hz, 6300Hz, 8000Hz, 10000Hz, 12500Hz, 16000Hz, anechoic room acoustic characteristic under the 20000Hz equifrequent, test data is as shown in table 1.
Table 1 white noise, interval measurement, distance is spaced apart 2cm
Table 1 continues white noise, interval measurement, and distance is spaced apart 2cm
If using tonal signal is tested, need sound source to send respectively respective frequencies (50Hz, 63Hz, 80Hz, 100Hz, 125Hz, 250Hz, 500Hz, 1000Hz, 2000Hz, 4000Hz, 5000Hz, 6300Hz, 8000Hz, 10000Hz, 12500Hz, 16000Hz, sound-source signal 20000Hz), each frequency is once tested, microphone all can be tested back and forth, be that the test that can carry out back and forth two frequencies of microphone walking is (if will test the 10kHz-20kHz frequency, need to change the dodecahedron sound source into high-frequency sound source), microphone continuous walking mode is measured the sound pressure level signal, speed of travel 4cm/s.Article one, after line test completes, mobile host case 1, expansion link 3 and mainframe box 11, restart the debugging test after changing the circuit needed into, and test data is as shown in table 2.
Table 2 tonal signal, continuous coverage, the speed of travel is 4cm/s
Table 2 continues tonal signal, continuous coverage, and the speed of travel is 4cm/s
Claims (6)
1. whole elimination room sound field automatic gauge detection method is characterized in that: sound source is placed in to one meter, top, whole elimination room earth mat geometric center position, and by the software control signal generator, signal sends acoustical signal via the power amplifier control sound source, an expansion link is placed in to the centre position of whole elimination room earth mat near the wedge end wall surface, another expansion link is placed in the centre position of whole elimination room earth mat near opposite wedge end wall surface, two expansion link lines are divided into two anechoic room, sound source is in two expansion link centre positions, steel wire is fixed on two expansion link top I-shaped parts and forms two guide rails that can guide the standard microphone walking, standard microphone is installed on the steel wire guide rail, standard microphone height and Sound Source Center height are consistent, the standard microphone walking path be from the sound source surface location to the standard microphone place one side expansion link position, bidirectional walking back and forth, by the software control stepper motor, rotate, two draught line pulleys on motor start reverse direction and take up respectively and loosen the traction fishing line, take up the fishing line head sheave and drive the continuous or interval walking on the steel wire guide rail of fishing line control criterion microphone, the speed of travel, spacing distance, delay sampling time all can be as required by software controls, by the selected microphone walking manner of self-editing control software, and the sound-source signal type can start test, and microphone is covered the predetermined paths distance and just completed the single test, changes signal type or microphone walking manner and can test next time, line of whole elimination room can be moved the acoustic characteristic on another circuit of expansion link position measurement after having tested.
2. whole elimination room sound field automatic gauge detection method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described sound source is 50Hz～10kHz dodecahedron non-directive low-frequency sound source or 10kHz～20kHz high-frequency sound source, all can send white noise or tonal signal.
3. whole elimination room sound field automatic gauge detection method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: before measurement first to being debugged apart from internal standard microphone walking between two expansion links, when standard microphone is between two expansion links, by debug function button control in software, make microphone from middle position to " 0 " number limit switch walking, when microphone reaches " 0 " number limit-switch positions and trigger " 0 " number limit switch, microphone starts reverse walking, now electric machine controller carries out step-by-step counting, until microphone reaches " 1 " number limit-switch positions and triggers " 1 " number limit switch, microphone stops walking, now in electric machine controller record walking " 0 " number limit switch with " 1 " number limit switch apart from corresponding umber of pulse, and then obtain the distance value that individual pulse is corresponding, thereby complete debugging.
4. realize the standard set-up of whole elimination room sound field automatic gauge detection method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: comprise signal generator, power amplifier, sound source, standard microphone, microphone fixture, signal processing and analysis system, traction fishing line, fixedly steel wire, pulley, draught line runner, expansion link, I-shaped part and mainframe box; Described signal generator is for generation of white noise or tonal signal; Described power amplifier carries out power amplification for the signal that signal generator is produced; Described sound source is the part of automatic gauge pick-up unit, and the electric signal that power amplifier is exported converts acoustic signals to; Described standard microphone is for measuring acoustic signals; Described microphone fixture is for the fixed standard microphone and with draught line, fixedly steel wire is connected; Described traction fishing line is made horizontal rectilinear motion for drawing microphone; Described fixedly steel wire is comprised of two steel wires, and as the two guide rails of the straight line of the microphone fixture that is mounted with microphone, the assurance microphone fixture of the two guide rails of straight line can not vacillated now to the left, now to the right by product in the process of motion; Described pulley is for connecting draught line to reduce the friction of transmission; Described draught line runner is comprised of the runner of two parallel placement switched in opposite, for driving the traction fishing line, makes the microphone fixture that is mounted with standard microphone make the horizontal linear back and forth movement; Described expansion link has a pair of, arranges two opposite faces of whole elimination room earth mat near the wedge end, and for regulating the steel wire level height, different anechoic room sizes are regulated by steel wire length; Article two, steel wire is fixed on expansion link by described I-shaped part, forms the line slideway of two levels; Described mainframe box has two, a placement that is mainly used in circuit part and motor part, inside comprises: power supply, stepper motor, driver, controller and limit switch, limit switch connects respectively " 0 " position and " 1 " position, " 0 " controls motor reversal, and " 1 " is controlled motor and stopped; Another mainframe box is the pure iron piece, plays a supportive role, and above-mentioned expansion link is separately fixed on corresponding mainframe box, and described signal processing and analysis system is connected with signal generator, controller signals.
5. device according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: described sound source is 50Hz～10kHz dodecahedron non-directive low-frequency sound source or 10kHz～20kHz high-frequency sound source, all can send white noise or tonal signal.
6. device according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: described high-frequency sound source is comprised of tweeter harmony resonant cavity, the diameter of acoustic resonance chamber outlet sound mouth is not more than 6mm, described acoustic resonance cavity length is 147.1 mm, 117.6mm, 91.9 mm or 73.5mm, correspond respectively to 10kHz, 12.5kHz, 16kHz, tetra-frequencies of 20kHz.
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