CN107057392A - 一种再生橡胶生态木及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种再生橡胶生态木及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN107057392A
CN107057392A CN201710350603.8A CN201710350603A CN107057392A CN 107057392 A CN107057392 A CN 107057392A CN 201710350603 A CN201710350603 A CN 201710350603A CN 107057392 A CN107057392 A CN 107057392A
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孔晓静
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Abstract

本发明提供了一种再生橡胶生态木,其成分包括有:木粉、聚氯乙烯树脂、碳酸钙、再生橡胶粉等;本发明还提供了一种再生橡胶生态木的制备方法:步骤一、原料预烘干备用;步骤二、将再生橡胶粉和聚氯乙烯树脂开炼得脂胶混合料;步骤三、脂胶混合料在造粒机进行造粒;步骤四、混料:将脂胶混合颗粒、润滑剂、木粉、碳酸钙在混料机中混料;步骤五、将混料所得物料经螺杆挤出机熔融挤出;步骤六、成型:混料经熔融挤出后到达熔喷模头,并经由成型冷却、牵引切割,即得再生橡胶生态木。本发明提供了一种再生橡胶生态木及其制备方法,在聚氯乙烯树脂与木粉等原料中添加再生橡胶粉,提高了生态木的加工性能,降低成本,具有环境保护的意义。

Description

一种再生橡胶生态木及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于复合材料领域,涉及一种生态木的制备方法,尤其是涉及一种再生橡胶生态木及其制备方法。
背景技术
生态木是木塑材料的一种,广泛应用于家装,工装等各个场合,涉及:室内外墙板,室内天花吊顶,户外地板,室内吸音板,隔断,广告牌等各个场所。生态木具有绿色环保、防水阻燃、安装快捷、质优价廉、木质纹理美观等特点,生态木通常是由木质纤维和树脂以及少量高分子材料挤压而成,其物理表观性能具有实木的特性,同时生态木还具有防水、防蛀、防腐、保温隔热等特点,可长期使用在室内、室外、干燥、潮湿等恶劣环境中,且不会产生变质、发霉、开裂、脆化,可以应对一些复杂环境的应用,如厨房卫生间等。由于此产品采用挤压工艺制造而成,可以根据需要对产品的色彩、尺寸、形状进行控制,真正实现按需定制,最大程度降低使用成本,节约森林资源。而且由于木质纤维和树脂都可回收重复利用,是真正可持续发展的新兴产业。
再生橡胶是以橡胶制品生产中已硫化的边角废料为原料加工而成,有一定的可塑性,可重新投入使用。再生橡胶作为一类特殊的材料,具有塑性好,易于和配合剂混合,节省工时,降低能耗;收缩性好,能使制品有平滑的表面和准确的尺寸;流动性好,易于制作模压制品;耐老化性好;具有良好的耐热、耐油、耐酸碱性;能够促进硫化,加快硫化速度。丁腈再生橡胶是丁腈橡胶含量高的丁腈橡胶非制品经过粉碎脱硫及改性而制成的再生橡胶,用途广泛、是常见的一种再生橡胶。
发明内容
本发明涉及一种再生橡胶生态木及其制备方法,通过在聚氯乙烯树脂与木粉等原料中添加再生橡胶粉,提高了生态木的加工性能,降低成本,同时还可以增加废旧橡胶回收利用,具有环境保护的意义。
为了实现上述目的,本发明提供了如下技术方案:
一种再生橡胶生态木,其特征在于:所述再生橡胶生态木包括以下组分:按质量分数的木粉55~70份、聚氯乙烯树脂15~20份、碳酸钙5~10份、润滑剂5~8份、再生橡胶粉3~10份、稳定剂2~4份、补强剂1~2份。
进一步的,所述再生橡胶粉为再生丁腈橡胶粉。
进一步的,所述木粉为100~300目的杨木粉。
进一步的,所述润滑剂为硬脂酸、石蜡、PE蜡中的一种。
进一步的,所述稳定剂为有机锡稳定剂、或者钙锌系稳定剂。
进一步的,所述补强剂为秸秆短纤维、陶土、炭黑、硅烷类偶联剂中的一种或多种.
进一步的,所述再生橡胶生态木还包括发泡剂、发泡调节剂、色粉、增塑剂、增韧剂。
本发明还提供了一种再生橡胶生态木的制备方法,其特征在于:具体步骤为:
步骤一、原料预处理:木粉、聚氯乙烯树脂、再生橡胶等原料放入烘干机中烘干备用;
步骤二、制胶:调整开炼机辊距,在80~90℃加入混合过后的再生橡胶粉和聚氯乙烯树脂;将辊轮温度降低至60℃时,再生橡胶粉与聚氯乙烯树脂转移至开炼机,薄通3~5次,依次加入稳定剂、补强剂,继续开炼得脂胶混合料,保持温度为90~115℃;
步骤三、造粒:将步骤二得到的脂胶混合料在造粒机进行造粒,造粒所得颗粒粒径为5~25mm;
步骤四、混料:在加热条件下,将造粒所得脂胶混合颗粒、润滑剂加入混料机中,再分批加入烘干后的木粉、碳酸钙,保持混料机温度在100~115℃,混料30~90min;
步骤五、熔融挤出:将混料所得物料经螺杆挤出机熔融挤出,螺杆挤出机外加热区为分段加热,设置4个独立的加热模块,螺杆挤出机各区温度控制在160~180℃,混料经螺杆挤压机熔融挤出时,熔体温度控制在150~170℃;
步骤六、成型:混料经熔融挤出后到达熔喷模头,并经由成型冷却、牵引切割,即得再生橡胶生态木。
进一步的,所述螺杆挤压机的四个加热区,第一区温度为165~170℃,第二区温度为170~180℃,第三区温度为170~180℃,第四区温度为160~170℃。
进一步的,所述螺杆挤出机为双螺杆挤出机。
本发明在聚氯乙烯树脂与木粉等原料中添加再生橡胶粉,聚氯乙烯树脂与所用再生丁腈橡胶极性相似,两者共混均有一定的相容性;再生橡胶生态木原料经由制胶、造粒、混料、熔融挤出等步骤得以共混均匀,在混料过程中木粉和碳酸钙分阶段加入,混料更为均匀;再生橡胶粉具有塑性好、抗老化性、高收缩性、流动性好等优点,提高了再生橡胶生态木的韧性、减少制品中增塑剂的迁移和挥发,延长制品的使用寿命;在与聚氯乙烯树脂与木粉等原料的制胶、混炼、造粒以及挤出等过程中,提高了生态木原料的加工性能,缩短混料时间,降低加工强度,提高加工效率与节省加工能源;生态木作为一种性能优良、需求广泛的建材,日常需求量较大,该发明提供的方法拓宽了再生橡胶的应用,增加废旧橡胶回收利用的产品,具有环境保护意义。
本发明的有益效果如下所示:
1.本发明在聚氯乙烯树脂与木粉等原料中添加再生橡胶粉,氯化聚乙烯与所用再生丁腈橡胶极性相似,都属于极性橡胶,两者共混均有一定的相容性;
2.再生橡胶粉先经由制胶与氯化聚乙烯树脂混炼制备脂胶混合料,再经由造粒、混料、熔融挤出等步骤逐步与生态木原料的其他原料共混,多次混料,物料混合均匀;
3.在混料过程中,木粉和碳酸钙分阶段加入润滑剂湿润的脂胶混合颗粒,脂胶混合颗粒在木粉中的分散更为均匀;
4.再生橡胶粉的加入提高了再生橡胶生态木的韧性、减少制品中增塑剂的迁移和会发,延长制品的实用寿命;
5.在制胶过程中首先加入了再生橡胶粉,提高了后续工艺中生态木原料的加工性能,缩短混料时间,降低加工强度,进一步提高加工效率与降低能耗;
6.该发明提供的方法拓宽了再生橡胶的应用,增加废旧橡胶回收利用的产品,具有环境保护意义。
具体实施方式
一种再生橡胶生态木,其特征在于:所述再生橡胶生态木包括以下组分:按质量分数的木粉55~70份、聚氯乙烯树脂15~20份、碳酸钙5~10份、润滑剂5~8份、再生橡胶粉3~10份、稳定剂2~4份、补强剂1~2份。
进一步的,所述再生橡胶粉为再生丁腈橡胶粉。
进一步的,所述木粉为100~300目的杨木粉。
进一步的,所述润滑剂为硬脂酸、石蜡、PE蜡中的一种。
进一步的,所述稳定剂为有机锡稳定剂、或者钙锌系稳定剂。
进一步的,所述补强剂为秸秆短纤维、陶土、炭黑、硅烷类偶联剂中的一种或多种.
进一步的,所述再生橡胶生态木还包括发泡剂、发泡调节剂、色粉、增塑剂、增韧剂。
本发明还提供了一种再生橡胶生态木的制备方法,其特征在于:具体步骤为:
步骤一、原料预处理:木粉、聚氯乙烯树脂、再生橡胶等原料放入烘干机中烘干备用;
步骤二、制胶:调整开炼机辊距,在80~90℃加入混合过后的再生橡胶粉和聚氯乙烯树脂;将辊轮温度降低至60℃时,再生橡胶粉与聚氯乙烯树脂转移至开炼机,薄通3~5次,依次加入稳定剂、补强剂,继续开炼得脂胶混合料,保持温度为90~115℃;
步骤三、造粒:将步骤二得到的脂胶混合料在造粒机进行造粒,造粒所得颗粒粒径为5~25mm;
步骤四、混料:在加热条件下,将造粒所得脂胶混合颗粒、润滑剂加入混料机中,再分批加入烘干后的木粉、碳酸钙,保持混料机温度在100~115℃,混料30~90min;
步骤五、熔融挤出:将混料所得物料经螺杆挤出机熔融挤出,螺杆挤出机外加热区为分段加热,设置4个独立的加热模块,螺杆挤出机各区温度控制在160~180℃,混料经螺杆挤压机熔融挤出时,熔体温度控制在150~170℃;
步骤六、成型:混料经熔融挤出后到达熔喷模头,并经由成型冷却、牵引切割,即得再生橡胶生态木。
进一步的,所述螺杆挤压机的四个加热区,第一区温度为165~170℃,第二区温度为170~180℃,第三区温度为170~180℃,第四区温度为160~170℃。
进一步的,所述螺杆挤出机为双螺杆挤出机。
为了更好的说明本发明,下面结合具体实施例对其进行解释:
实施例1
一种再生橡胶生态木,其特征在于:所述再生橡胶生态木包括以下组分:按质量分数的100~300目的杨木粉64份、聚氯乙烯树脂15份、碳酸钙5份、润滑剂PE蜡5份、再生丁腈橡胶粉3份、有机锡稳定剂2份、补强剂秸秆短纤维1份、AC发泡剂与小苏打2份、发泡调节剂甲酸甲酯0.5份、钛白粉1份、邻苯二甲酸二辛酯0.5份、氯化聚乙烯1份。
按照上述再生橡胶生态木原料的份数,进一步制备再生橡胶生态木,具体步骤为:
步骤一、原料预处理:木粉、聚氯乙烯树脂、再生橡胶原料放入烘干机中烘干备用;
步骤二、制胶:调整开炼机辊距为1mm,在80℃加入混合过后的再生橡胶粉和聚氯乙烯树脂粉料;将辊轮温度降低至60℃时,再生橡胶粉与聚氯乙烯树脂转移至开炼机,薄通3次,依次加入稳定剂、补强剂,继续开炼得脂胶混合料,保持温度为90℃;
步骤三、造粒:将步骤二得到的脂胶混合料在造粒机进行造粒,造粒所得颗粒粒径为5mm;
步骤四、混料:在加热条件下,将造粒所得脂胶混合颗粒、润滑剂加入混料机中,再分批加入烘干后的木粉、碳酸钙,保持混料机温度在100℃,每隔10分钟加入一次木粉与碳酸钙,混料30min;
步骤五、熔融挤出:将混料所得物料经双螺杆挤出机熔融挤出,螺杆挤出机外加热区为分段加热,设置4个独立的加热模块,螺杆挤出机各区温度控制在160~180℃,第一区温度为165℃,第二区温度为170℃,第三区温度为170℃,第四区温度为160℃;混料经螺杆挤压机熔融挤出时,熔体温度控制在150℃;
步骤六、成型:混料经熔融挤出后到达熔喷模头,并经由成型冷却、牵引切割,即得再生橡胶生态木。
实施例2
一种再生橡胶生态木,其特征在于:所述再生橡胶生态木包括以下组分:按质量分数的100~300目的杨木粉55份、聚氯乙烯树脂15份、碳酸钙5份、润滑剂石蜡5份、再生丁腈橡胶粉10份、钙锌稳定剂4份、补强剂炭黑2份、AC发泡剂与碳酸氢钠盐1份、发泡调节剂甲基丙烯酸1份、有机黄粉1份、环氧大豆油0.5份、氯化聚乙烯0.5份。
按照上述再生橡胶生态木原料的份数,进一步制备再生橡胶生态木,具体步骤为:
步骤一、原料预处理:木粉、聚氯乙烯树脂、再生橡胶原料放入烘干机中烘干备用;
步骤二、制胶:调整开炼机辊距为6mm,在90℃加入混合过后的再生橡胶粉和聚氯乙烯树脂粉料;将辊轮温度降低至70℃时,再生橡胶粉与聚氯乙烯树脂转移至开炼机,薄通5次,依次加入稳定剂、补强剂,继续开炼得脂胶混合料,保持温度为115℃;
步骤三、造粒:将步骤二得到的脂胶混合料在造粒机进行造粒,造粒所得颗粒粒径为25mm;
步骤四、混料:在加热条件下,将造粒所得脂胶混合颗粒、润滑剂加入混料机中,再分批加入烘干后的木粉、碳酸钙,保持混料机温度在115℃,每隔20分钟加入一次木粉与碳酸钙,混料90min;
步骤五、熔融挤出:将混料所得物料经双螺杆挤出机熔融挤出,螺杆挤出机外加热区为分段加热,设置4个独立的加热模块,螺杆挤出机各区温度控制在160~180℃,第一区温度为170℃,第二区温度为180℃,第三区温度为180℃,第四区温度为170℃;混料经螺杆挤压机熔融挤出时,熔体温度控制在170℃;
步骤六、成型:混料经熔融挤出后到达熔喷模头,并经由成型冷却、牵引切割,即得浅黄色再生橡胶生态木。
实施例3
一种再生橡胶生态木,其特征在于:所述再生橡胶生态木包括以下组分:按质量分数的100~300目的杨木粉56份、聚氯乙烯树脂20份、碳酸钙5份、润滑剂硬脂酸5份、再生丁腈橡胶粉6份、钙锌稳定剂3份、补强剂炭黑与硅烷类偶联剂1份、AC发泡剂与碳酸氢钠盐1.5份、发泡调节剂甲基丙烯酸0.5份、红粉0.2份、环氧大豆油0.8份、氯化聚乙烯1份。
按照上述再生橡胶生态木原料的份数,进一步制备再生橡胶生态木,具体步骤为:
步骤一、原料预处理:木粉、聚氯乙烯树脂、再生橡胶原料放入烘干机中烘干备用;
步骤二、制胶:调整开炼机辊距,在85℃加入混合过后的再生橡胶粉和聚氯乙烯树脂粉料;将辊轮温度降低至65℃时,再生橡胶粉与聚氯乙烯树脂转移至开炼机,薄通4次,依次加入稳定剂、补强剂,继续开炼得脂胶混合料,保持温度为100℃;
步骤三、造粒:将步骤二得到的脂胶混合料在造粒机进行造粒,造粒所得颗粒粒径为10mm;
步骤四、混料:在加热条件下,将造粒所得脂胶混合颗粒、润滑剂加入混料机中,再分批加入烘干后的木粉、碳酸钙,保持混料机温度在110℃,每隔20分钟加入一次木粉与碳酸钙,混料60min;
步骤五、熔融挤出:将混料所得物料经双螺杆挤出机熔融挤出,螺杆挤出机外加热区为分段加热,设置4个独立的加热模块,螺杆挤出机各区温度控制在160~180℃,第一区温度为168℃,第二区温度为175℃,第三区温度为175℃,第四区温度为165℃;混料经螺杆挤压机熔融挤出时,熔体温度控制在165℃;
步骤六、成型:混料经熔融挤出后到达熔喷模头,并经由成型冷却、牵引切割,即得再生橡胶生态木。

Claims (10)

1.一种再生橡胶生态木,其特征在于:所述再生橡胶生态木包括以下组分:按质量分数的木粉55~70份、聚氯乙烯树脂15~20份、碳酸钙5~10份、润滑剂5~8份、再生橡胶粉3~10份、稳定剂2~4份、补强剂1~2份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种再生橡胶生态木,其特征在于:所述再生橡胶粉为再生丁腈橡胶粉。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种再生橡胶生态木,其特征在于:所述木粉为100~300目的杨木粉。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种再生橡胶生态木,其特征在于:所述润滑剂为硬脂酸、石蜡、PE蜡中的一种。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种再生橡胶生态木,其特征在于:所述稳定剂为有机锡稳定剂、或者钙锌系稳定剂。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种再生橡胶生态木,其特征在于:所述补强剂为秸秆短纤维、陶土、炭黑、硅烷类偶联剂中的一种或多种。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种再生橡胶生态木,其特征在于:所述再生橡胶生态木还包括发泡剂、发泡调节剂、色粉、增塑剂、增韧剂。
8.根据权利要求1所述的一种再生橡胶生态木的制备方法,其特征在于:具体步骤为:
步骤一、原料预处理:木粉、聚氯乙烯树脂、再生橡胶粉原料放入烘干机中烘干备用;
步骤二、制胶:调整开炼机辊距,在80~90℃加入混合过后的再生橡胶粉和聚氯乙烯树脂;将辊轮温度降低至60~70℃时,再生橡胶粉与聚氯乙烯树脂转移至开炼机,薄通3~5次,依次加入稳定剂、补强剂,继续开炼得脂胶混合料,保持温度为90~115℃;
步骤三、造粒:将步骤二得到的脂胶混合料在造粒机进行造粒,造粒所得颗粒粒径为5~25mm;
步骤四、混料:在加热条件下,将造粒所得脂胶混合颗粒、润滑剂加入混料机中,再分批加入烘干后的木粉、碳酸钙,保持混料机温度在100~115℃,混料30~90min;
步骤五、熔融挤出:将混料所得物料经螺杆挤出机熔融挤出,螺杆挤出机外加热区为分段加热,设置4个独立的加热模块,螺杆挤出机各区温度控制在160~180℃,混料经螺杆挤压机熔融挤出时,熔体温度控制在150~170℃;
步骤六、成型:混料经熔融挤出后到达熔喷模头,并经由成型冷却、牵引切割,即得再生橡胶生态木。
9.根据权利要求8所述的一种再生橡胶生态木的制备方法,其特征在于:所述螺杆挤压机的四个加热区,第一区温度为165~170℃,第二区温度为170~180℃,第三区温度为170~180℃,第四区温度为160~170℃。
10.根据权利要求8所述的一种再生橡胶生态木的制备方法,其特征在于:所述螺杆挤出机为双螺杆挤出机。
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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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CN109133724A (zh) * 2018-09-28 2019-01-04 佛山齐安建筑科技有限公司 一种高韧性集成墙板
CN111844820A (zh) * 2020-06-09 2020-10-30 四川大学 利用废弃皮革材料和废弃nbr/pvc类橡塑保温材料制备类人造革材料的方法

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109133724A (zh) * 2018-09-28 2019-01-04 佛山齐安建筑科技有限公司 一种高韧性集成墙板
CN111844820A (zh) * 2020-06-09 2020-10-30 四川大学 利用废弃皮革材料和废弃nbr/pvc类橡塑保温材料制备类人造革材料的方法
CN111844820B (zh) * 2020-06-09 2021-07-06 四川大学 利用废弃皮革材料和废弃nbr/pvc类橡塑保温材料制备类人造革材料的方法

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