CN107056308A - 一种保温砖及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种保温砖及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN107056308A CN107056308A CN201710219827.5A CN201710219827A CN107056308A CN 107056308 A CN107056308 A CN 107056308A CN 201710219827 A CN201710219827 A CN 201710219827A CN 107056308 A CN107056308 A CN 107056308A
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- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000003837 high-temperature calcination Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 56
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 235000019355 sepiolite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 28
- 229910052624 sepiolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 28
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000011265 semifinished product Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 5
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- 238000002789 length control Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- QDOXWKRWXJOMAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichromium trioxide Chemical compound O=[Cr]O[Cr]=O QDOXWKRWXJOMAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021502 aluminium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- KLZUFWVZNOTSEM-UHFFFAOYSA-K Aluminum fluoride Inorganic materials F[Al](F)F KLZUFWVZNOTSEM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004645 aluminates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
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- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001635 magnesium fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001562 pearlite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000004113 Sepiolite Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011496 polyurethane foam Substances 0.000 description 3
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种保温砖及其制备方法,涉及保温砖技术领域,包括以下重量份的原料:包膜膨胀珍珠岩60~80份、秸秆包覆颗粒40~60份、水泥20~30份、助烧剂2~10份、高温粘结剂2~6份、氢氧化镁2~6份和水100~120份。制备方法包括:(1)、制备包膜膨胀珍珠岩;(2)、制备秸秆包覆颗粒;(3)、原料混合;(4)、压制成型;(5)、养护;(6)、高温煅烧。本发明不仅具有良好的保温性能,而且质轻、强度大和耐水性好,另外,本发明制备方法简单,易操作,原料来源广泛,成本低廉,节约能源,具有良好的社会效益和经济效益。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及保温砖技术领域,具体涉及一种保温砖及其制备方法。
背景技术
建筑外墙使用保温材料时,多使用苯板、挤塑板或聚氨酯发泡等保温材料,虽然这些材料保温隔热效果比较好,但是它们的防火性能差,存在安全隐患;同时,在用到高层建筑物时,抗风压性较低;聚氨酯在使用时用聚氨酯发泡剂发泡,聚氨酯发泡剂在发泡过程中会产生有毒气体,而且在做隔热材料后不能完全排除,所以环保系数大大降低,而且成本也很高。虽然胶粉聚苯颗粒正逐渐被广泛使用,该保温材料现场施工,因材料为固体颗粒,便于运输,在使用过程中使用方法简单,具有防火性能优良,成本较低等优势特点,但是其材料保温性能差,保温层外层需要涂抹防裂材料,且保温层涂抹后需固化干燥后方可进行防裂处理,这就需要较长的干燥时间,因此施工周期长。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种保温砖及其制备方法,不仅具有良好的保温性能,而且质轻、强度大和耐水性好,另外,本发明制备方法简单,易操作,原料来源广泛,成本低廉,节约能源,具有良好的社会效益和经济效益。
本发明提供了如下的技术方案:一种保温砖,包括以下重量份的原料:包膜膨胀珍珠岩60~80份、秸秆包覆颗粒40~60份、水泥20~30份、助烧剂2~10份、高温粘结剂2~6份、氢氧化镁2~6份和水100~120份;
所述包膜膨胀珍珠岩包括以下重量份的原料:珍珠岩30~40份、碳酸钙10~20份和环氧树脂粉料2~8份;
所述秸秆包覆颗粒包括以下重量份的原料:硅藻土10~20份、植物秸秆粉10~15份、水玻璃2~10份、羧甲基纤维素2~10份、粘土2~8份和改性海泡石2~6份。
优选地,包括以下重量份的原料:包膜膨胀珍珠岩70份、秸秆包覆颗粒50份、水泥25份、助烧剂6份、高温粘结剂4份、氢氧化镁4份和水110份;
所述包膜膨胀珍珠岩包括以下重量份的原料:珍珠岩35份、碳酸钙15份和环氧树脂粉料5份;
所述秸秆包覆颗粒包括以下重量份的原料:硅藻土15份、植物秸秆粉12.5份、水玻璃6份、羧甲基纤维素6份、粘土5份和改性海泡石4份。
优选地,所述水泥为普通硅酸盐水泥、高铝水泥、粉煤灰水泥、矾土水泥和铝酸盐水泥中的任一种。
优选地,所述助烧剂为TiO2微粉、MgO微粉、Cr2O3微粉、MgF2微粉和AlF3微粉中的任一种。
优选地,所述高温粘结剂为氢氧化铝或者硅熔胶。
优选地,所述植物秸秆粉的制备方法为:将植物秸秆放入粉碎机粉碎,纤维长度控制为5~10mm,干燥至含水率为5~8%,得到植物秸秆粉。
优选地,所述改性海泡石的制备方法为:将海泡石置于300~500℃窑炉中焙烧1~4h,粉碎研磨成100~180目粉末,研细后即得改性海泡石。
本发明中还提供一种保温砖的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)、制备包膜膨胀珍珠岩
称取珍珠岩,粉碎过130~140目筛,放入煅烧炉,在500~600℃下高温煅烧1~2h后得到珍珠岩粉末取出,自然冷却后加入到包衣机中加热至150~180℃,并加入碳酸钙粉末,搅拌均匀,然后包衣机一端喷洒蒸馏水将珍珠岩粉末浸湿,一端喷洒环氧树脂粉料,并不断搅拌40~50min,即得到所述包膜膨胀珍珠岩;
(2)、制备秸秆包覆颗粒
将硅藻土和改性海泡石干燥后与羧甲基纤维素加入高速混合机中,在110~120℃下以500~800rpm的速度搅拌混合20~30min,再加入水玻璃继续搅拌10~15min后,然后加入植物秸秆粉、粘土以1000~1500rpm的速度共混5~10min,烘干后送入造粒机中造粒,粒径控制在2~4mm,即得秸秆包覆颗粒;
(3)、原料混合
称取剩余原料与步骤(1)得到的包膜膨胀珍珠岩和步骤(2)得到的秸秆包覆颗粒混合均匀;
(4)、压制成型
采用压力机对步骤(3)混合后的原料压制成型,压制时间为5~10秒,得到半成品;
(5)、养护
将步骤(4)压制后的半成品在常温下进行养护处理,养护时间为1~3天;
(6)、高温煅烧
将步骤(5)养护后的半成品进行高温煅烧处理,煅烧温度为800~1200℃,高温煅烧时间为10~20h,煅烧后得到所述保温砖。
本发明的有益效果:不仅具有良好的保温性能,而且质轻、强度大和耐水性好,另外,本发明制备方法简单,易操作,原料来源广泛,成本低廉,节约能源,具有良好的社会效益和经济效益,具体如下:
(1)、本发明中珍珠岩通过碳酸钙以及环氧树脂粉料进行包膜处理,不仅能够降低珍珠岩的吸水率,而且还能够增强整体强度,充分利用珍珠岩理化性能稳定、耐老化耐候性强等优点,制备出的保温砖吸水率低、抗压强度和保温性能高;
(2)、本发明中添加植物秸秆粉,一方面,用于制备秸秆包覆颗粒,提高了保温砖的保温效果和强度,很好地解决强度和保温性能不能兼得的矛盾,另一方面,增加本发明保温砖的孔隙率,在焙烧过程中形成大量的微孔;另外,可以利用廉价的、资源量丰富的植物秸秆,同时解决了农村燃烧秸秆所带来的环境污染问题,达到了即绿色环保、综合利用的效果;
(3)、本发明中添加氢氧化镁,提高了整体的耐火性;
(4)、本发明中添加改性海泡石,改性后的海泡石可以提高其对有害气体、重金属等有害物质的吸附性。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例,进一步阐述本发明。这些实施例仅用于说明本发明而不用于限制本发明的范围。
实施例1
一种保温砖,包括以下重量份的原料:
包膜膨胀珍珠岩 60份;
秸秆包覆颗粒 40份;
水泥 20份;
助烧剂 2份;
高温粘结剂 2份;
氢氧化镁 2份;
水 100份;
所述包膜膨胀珍珠岩包括以下重量份的原料:珍珠岩30份、碳酸钙10份和环氧树脂粉料2份;
所述秸秆包覆颗粒包括以下重量份的原料:硅藻土10份、植物秸秆粉10份、水玻璃2份、羧甲基纤维素2份、粘土2份和改性海泡石2份。
其中,所述水泥为普通硅酸盐水泥,所述助烧剂为TiO2微粉,所述高温粘结剂为氢氧化铝。
其中,所述植物秸秆粉的制备方法为:将植物秸秆放入粉碎机粉碎,纤维长度控制为5mm,干燥至含水率为5%,得到植物秸秆粉。
优选地,所述改性海泡石的制备方法为:将海泡石置于300℃窑炉中焙烧1h,粉碎研磨成100目粉末,研细后即得改性海泡石。
本实施例中还提供一种保温砖的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)、制备包膜膨胀珍珠岩
称取珍珠岩,粉碎过130目筛,放入煅烧炉,在500℃下高温煅烧1h后得到珍珠岩粉末取出,自然冷却后加入到包衣机中加热至150℃,并加入碳酸钙粉末,搅拌均匀,然后包衣机一端喷洒蒸馏水将珍珠岩粉末浸湿,一端喷洒环氧树脂粉料,并不断搅拌40min,即得到所述包膜膨胀珍珠岩;
(2)、制备秸秆包覆颗粒
将硅藻土和改性海泡石干燥后与羧甲基纤维素加入高速混合机中,在110℃下以500rpm的速度搅拌混合20min,再加入水玻璃继续搅拌10min后,然后加入植物秸秆粉、粘土以1000rpm的速度共混5min,烘干后送入造粒机中造粒,粒径控制在2mm,即得秸秆包覆颗粒;
(3)、原料混合
称取剩余原料与步骤(1)得到的包膜膨胀珍珠岩和步骤(2)得到的秸秆包覆颗粒混合均匀;
(4)、压制成型
采用压力机对步骤(3)混合后的原料压制成型,压制时间为5秒,得到半成品;
(5)、养护
将步骤(4)压制后的半成品在常温下进行养护处理,养护时间为1天;
(6)、高温煅烧
将步骤(5)养护后的半成品进行高温煅烧处理,煅烧温度为800℃,高温煅烧时间为10h,煅烧后得到所述保温砖。
实施例2
一种保温砖,包括以下重量份的原料:
包膜膨胀珍珠岩 80份;
秸秆包覆颗粒 60份;
水泥 30份;
助烧剂 10份;
高温粘结剂 6份;
氢氧化镁 6份;
水 120份;
所述包膜膨胀珍珠岩包括以下重量份的原料:珍珠岩40份、碳酸钙20份和环氧树脂粉料8份;
所述秸秆包覆颗粒包括以下重量份的原料:硅藻土20份、植物秸秆粉15份、水玻璃10份、羧甲基纤维素10份、粘土8份和改性海泡石6份。
其中,所述水泥为高铝水泥,所述助烧剂为MgO微粉,所述高温粘结剂为硅熔胶。
其中,所述植物秸秆粉的制备方法为:将植物秸秆放入粉碎机粉碎,纤维长度控制为10mm,干燥至含水率为8%,得到植物秸秆粉。
其中,所述改性海泡石的制备方法为:将海泡石置于500℃窑炉中焙烧4h,粉碎研磨成180目粉末,研细后即得改性海泡石。
本发明中还提供一种保温砖的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)、制备包膜膨胀珍珠岩
称取珍珠岩,粉碎过140目筛,放入煅烧炉,在600℃下高温煅烧2h后得到珍珠岩粉末取出,自然冷却后加入到包衣机中加热至180℃,并加入碳酸钙粉末,搅拌均匀,然后包衣机一端喷洒蒸馏水将珍珠岩粉末浸湿,一端喷洒环氧树脂粉料,并不断搅拌50min,即得到所述包膜膨胀珍珠岩;
(2)、制备秸秆包覆颗粒
将硅藻土和改性海泡石干燥后与羧甲基纤维素加入高速混合机中,在120℃下以800rpm的速度搅拌混合30min,再加入水玻璃继续搅拌15min后,然后加入植物秸秆粉、粘土以1500rpm的速度共混10min,烘干后送入造粒机中造粒,粒径控制在4mm,即得秸秆包覆颗粒;
(3)、原料混合
称取剩余原料与步骤(1)得到的包膜膨胀珍珠岩和步骤(2)得到的秸秆包覆颗粒混合均匀;
(4)、压制成型
采用压力机对步骤(3)混合后的原料压制成型,压制时间为10秒,得到半成品;
(5)、养护
将步骤(4)压制后的半成品在常温下进行养护处理,养护时间为3天;
(6)、高温煅烧
将步骤(5)养护后的半成品进行高温煅烧处理,煅烧温度为1200℃,高温煅烧时间为20h,煅烧后得到所述保温砖。
实施例3
一种保温砖,包括以下重量份的原料:
包膜膨胀珍珠岩 70份;
秸秆包覆颗粒 50份;
水泥 25份;
助烧剂 6份;
高温粘结剂 4份;
氢氧化镁 4份;
水 110份;
所述包膜膨胀珍珠岩包括以下重量份的原料:珍珠岩35份、碳酸钙15份和环氧树脂粉料5份;
所述秸秆包覆颗粒包括以下重量份的原料:硅藻土15份、植物秸秆粉12.5份、水玻璃6份、羧甲基纤维素6份、粘土5份和改性海泡石4份。
其中,所述水泥为粉煤灰水泥,所述助烧剂为Cr2O3微粉,高温粘结剂为氢氧化铝。
其中,所述植物秸秆粉的制备方法为:将植物秸秆放入粉碎机粉碎,纤维长度控制为7mm,干燥至含水率为6%,得到植物秸秆粉。
优选地,所述改性海泡石的制备方法为:将海泡石置于400℃窑炉中焙烧2.5h,粉碎研磨成140目粉末,研细后即得改性海泡石。
本实施例中还提供一种保温砖的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)、制备包膜膨胀珍珠岩
称取珍珠岩,粉碎过135目筛,放入煅烧炉,在550℃下高温煅烧1.5h后得到珍珠岩粉末取出,自然冷却后加入到包衣机中加热至165℃,并加入碳酸钙粉末,搅拌均匀,然后包衣机一端喷洒蒸馏水将珍珠岩粉末浸湿,一端喷洒环氧树脂粉料,并不断搅拌45min,即得到所述包膜膨胀珍珠岩;
(2)、制备秸秆包覆颗粒
将硅藻土和改性海泡石干燥后与羧甲基纤维素加入高速混合机中,在115℃下以650rpm的速度搅拌混合25min,再加入水玻璃继续搅拌12min后,然后加入植物秸秆粉、粘土以1250rpm的速度共混7min,烘干后送入造粒机中造粒,粒径控制在3mm,即得秸秆包覆颗粒;
(3)、原料混合
称取剩余原料与步骤(1)得到的包膜膨胀珍珠岩和步骤(2)得到的秸秆包覆颗粒混合均匀;
(4)、压制成型
采用压力机对步骤(3)混合后的原料压制成型,压制时间为7秒,得到半成品;
(5)、养护
将步骤(4)压制后的半成品在常温下进行养护处理,养护时间为2天;
(6)、高温煅烧
将步骤(5)养护后的半成品进行高温煅烧处理,煅烧温度为1000℃,高温煅烧时间为15h,煅烧后得到所述保温砖。
实施例4
对实施例1~3值得的保温砖进行性能测试,结果如下表一:
表一
实施例1 | 实施例2 | 实施例3 | 检测标准 | |
抗压强度(N/mm2) | 8.9 | 9.3 | 9.1 | GB/T11969-2008 |
导热系数(常温)(W/mK) | 0.055 | 0.046 | 0.051 | GB/T10294-2008 |
隔音量dB | 86 | 88 | 87 | GB/T8485-2008 |
燃烧性能 | A级不燃 | A级不燃 | A级不燃 | GB/T8624-2006 |
参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明,对于本领域的技术人员来说,其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改,或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (8)
1.一种保温砖,其特征在于,包括以下重量份的原料:包膜膨胀珍珠岩60~80份、秸秆包覆颗粒40~60份、水泥20~30份、助烧剂2~10份、高温粘结剂2~6份、氢氧化镁2~6份和水100~120份;
所述包膜膨胀珍珠岩包括以下重量份的原料:珍珠岩30~40份、碳酸钙10~20份和环氧树脂粉料2~8份;
所述秸秆包覆颗粒包括以下重量份的原料:硅藻土10~20份、植物秸秆粉10~15份、水玻璃2~10份、羧甲基纤维素2~10份、粘土2~8份和改性海泡石2~6份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的保温砖,其特征在于,包括以下重量份的原料:包膜膨胀珍珠岩70份、秸秆包覆颗粒50份、水泥25份、助烧剂6份、高温粘结剂4份、氢氧化镁4份和水110份;
所述包膜膨胀珍珠岩包括以下重量份的原料:珍珠岩35份、碳酸钙15份和环氧树脂粉料5份;
所述秸秆包覆颗粒包括以下重量份的原料:硅藻土15份、植物秸秆粉12.5份、水玻璃6份、羧甲基纤维素6份、粘土5份和改性海泡石4份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的保温砖,其特征在于,所述水泥为普通硅酸盐水泥、高铝水泥、粉煤灰水泥、矾土水泥和铝酸盐水泥中的任一种。
4.根据权利要求1所述的保温砖,其特征在于,所述助烧剂为TiO2微粉、MgO微粉、Cr2O3微粉、MgF2微粉和AlF3微粉中的任一种。
5.根据权利要求1所述的保温砖,其特征在于,所述高温粘结剂为氢氧化铝或者硅熔胶。
6.根据权利要求1所述的保温砖,其特征在于,所述植物秸秆粉的制备方法为:将植物秸秆放入粉碎机粉碎,纤维长度控制为5~10mm,干燥至含水率为5~8%,得到植物秸秆粉。
7.根据权利要求1所述的保温砖,其特征在于,所述改性海泡石的制备方法为:将海泡石置于300~500℃窑炉中焙烧1~4h,粉碎研磨成100~180目粉末,研细后即得改性海泡石。
8.一种根据权利要求1~7任一项所述的保温砖的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(1)、制备包膜膨胀珍珠岩
称取珍珠岩,粉碎过130~140目筛,放入煅烧炉,在500~600℃下高温煅烧1~2h后得到珍珠岩粉末取出,自然冷却后加入到包衣机中加热至150~180℃,并加入碳酸钙粉末,搅拌均匀,然后包衣机一端喷洒蒸馏水将珍珠岩粉末浸湿,一端喷洒环氧树脂粉料,并不断搅拌40~50min,即得到所述包膜膨胀珍珠岩;
(2)、制备秸秆包覆颗粒
将硅藻土和改性海泡石干燥后与羧甲基纤维素加入高速混合机中,在110~120℃下以500~800rpm的速度搅拌混合20~30min,再加入水玻璃继续搅拌10~15min后,然后加入植物秸秆粉、粘土以1000~1500rpm的速度共混5~10min,烘干后送入造粒机中造粒,粒径控制在2~4mm,即得秸秆包覆颗粒;
(3)、原料混合
称取剩余原料与步骤(1)得到的包膜膨胀珍珠岩和步骤(2)得到的秸秆包覆颗粒混合均匀;
(4)、压制成型
采用压力机对步骤(3)混合后的原料压制成型,压制时间为5~10秒,得到半成品;
(5)、养护
将步骤(4)压制后的半成品在常温下进行养护处理,养护时间为1~3天;
(6)、高温煅烧
将步骤(5)养护后的半成品进行高温煅烧处理,煅烧温度为800~1200℃,高温煅烧时间为10~20h,煅烧后得到所述保温砖。
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CN108774075A (zh) * | 2018-08-27 | 2018-11-09 | 湖州德海新型建材有限公司 | 一种不易破损的保温砖及制作方法 |
CN111908842A (zh) * | 2020-07-31 | 2020-11-10 | 航天特种材料及工艺技术研究所 | 一种纳米隔热材料及其制备方法 |
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