CN107054043A - 具有混合驱动模块的车轴 - Google Patents

具有混合驱动模块的车轴 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107054043A
CN107054043A CN201611197672.1A CN201611197672A CN107054043A CN 107054043 A CN107054043 A CN 107054043A CN 201611197672 A CN201611197672 A CN 201611197672A CN 107054043 A CN107054043 A CN 107054043A
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China
Prior art keywords
axle
drive
combustion engine
flywheel
wheel
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Granted
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CN201611197672.1A
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CN107054043B (zh
Inventor
M·约根松
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Volvo Car Corp
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Volvo Car Corp
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/50—Architecture of the driveline characterised by arrangement or kind of transmission units
    • B60K6/52—Driving a plurality of drive axles, e.g. four-wheel drive
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/24—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the combustion engines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
    • B60K17/34—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles for driving both front and rear wheels, e.g. four wheel drive vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K23/00—Arrangement or mounting of control devices for vehicle transmissions, or parts thereof, not otherwise provided for
    • B60K23/08—Arrangement or mounting of control devices for vehicle transmissions, or parts thereof, not otherwise provided for for changing number of driven wheels, for switching from driving one axle to driving two or more axles
    • B60K23/0808—Arrangement or mounting of control devices for vehicle transmissions, or parts thereof, not otherwise provided for for changing number of driven wheels, for switching from driving one axle to driving two or more axles for varying torque distribution between driven axles, e.g. by transfer clutch
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/26—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the motors or the generators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/30—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by chargeable mechanical accumulators, e.g. flywheels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
    • B60K6/365—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings with the gears having orbital motion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/38—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
    • B60K6/387—Actuated clutches, i.e. clutches engaged or disengaged by electric, hydraulic or mechanical actuating means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/40—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the assembly or relative disposition of components
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48—Parallel type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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Abstract

动力传动系统(45)，设有燃烧发动机(44)、前驱动车轴(46)、纵向驱动轴(5)和后驱动车轴(9)，燃烧发动机(44)连接至前驱动车轴(46)、纵向驱动轴(5)和后驱动车轴(9)，燃烧发动机能与前驱动车轴(46)、纵向驱动轴(5)和后驱动车轴(9)驱动连接，后驱动车轴(9)设有包括至少一驱动单元(20，30)和传输齿轮组(15)的混合驱动模块(10)，齿轮组(15)包括输入和输出(11，13)及操作地设在输入和输出(11，13)之间的第一连接离合器(12)，由此齿轮组(15)的输出(13)适于与后驱动车轴(9)驱动连接，纵向驱动轴(5)设有第二连接离合器(6)，第一和第二连接离合器(12，6)被液压控制且连接至相同液压回路。

Description

具有混合驱动模块的车轴
技术领域
本发明涉及车辆动力传动系统(powertrains)领域，尤其涉及车辆的混合驱动动力传动系统，例如具有电动机和燃烧发动机的车辆。
背景技术
已知，例如从WO 2013/077736A1，提供了一种具有电驱动后车轴的前轮驱动车辆来获得混合动力车辆。这是产生混合动力车辆的简单易行方式，仅需要车辆构架的微小调整。然而，由于具有电驱动后车轴的车辆在一些情形下是前轮驱动而在其他情形下是后轮驱动，所以其行驶行为变得不可预期。因此，存在改进的需求。
发明内容
本发明的一个目的是建议一种用于车辆的混合动力传动系统，该动力传动系统给出了车辆行为的更好的可预期性，并且还易于实施。所述目的通过根据权利要求1的本发明来实现。其他优点通过从属权利要求及整个说明书中所公开的本发明来提供。
根据本发明，动力传动系统具有燃烧发动机、前驱动车轴、纵向驱动轴和后驱动车轴，由此，所述燃烧发动机连接至前驱动车轴、纵向驱动轴和后驱动车轴，使得所述燃烧发动机能与所述前驱动车轴、所述纵向驱动轴和所述后驱动车轴驱动连接。
所述后驱动车轴设有混合驱动模块。所述混合驱动模块包括至少一个驱动单元和传输齿轮组，其中所述传输齿轮组包括输入和输出以及操作地设在所述输入和输出之间的第一连接离合器。所述传输齿轮组的输入和输出与所述第一连接离合器连接，使得能通过将所述第一连接离合器设定在接合或分离位置而接合和分离所述输入和输出。
所述纵向驱动轴还设有第二连接离合器，并且所述第一和第二连接离合器被液压地控制且连接至相同的液压回路。
由于所述第一和第二连接离合器都连接至相同的液压回路，所需的控制结构不那么复杂，因此能减少液压回路的数量。另外，较少的部件和回路导致更小的封装体积。
通过驱动/操作连接被限定为彼此连接的两个部分，使得驱动力/扭矩能在这两个部分之间直接地或者通过一个或几个中间部分间接地传递。驱动/操作连接并不必须是永久的，而是可通过两个部分之间的一个或几个联轴器或离合器来获得。
在所述动力传动系统的示例实施方式中，所述混合驱动模块包括电动机和/或飞轮。所述混合驱动模块可构造成只包括一个驱动源或多个驱动源。通过提供具有多个驱动源的混合驱动模块，可组合各自驱动源的优点。
在所述动力传动系统的示例实施方式中，所述混合驱动模块还包括电动机、飞轮和行星齿轮组，其中所述电动机、所述飞轮和所述传输齿轮组通过所述行星齿轮组连接，所述传输齿轮组的输出适于驱动所述驱动车轴的第一输入齿轮。
在所述动力传动系统的示例实施方式中，所述行星齿轮组包括齿圈、行星架和太阳轮。所述电动机的驱动轴连接至所述齿圈，所述飞轮的驱动轴连接到所述太阳轮，所述传输齿轮组的输入连接到所述行星齿轮组的行星架。
在所述动力传动系统的另一示例实施方式中，所述太阳轮直接连接至制动器，并且通过分离离合器(release clutch)连接到所述飞轮。所述分离离合器优选为摩擦式离合器。通过经由分离离合器将所述飞轮连接至所述太阳轮，能够控制从飞轮传递出或传递至飞轮、及从太阳轮传递出或传递至太阳轮的扭矩量，从而控制通过制动、减速等由飞轮再生的能量的量以及从所述飞轮提供的能量的量。
应理解，所公开的动力传动系统的示例实施方式适于设在车辆中，例如轿车或货车中。
一种用于控制设置有动力传动系统的车辆的方法，包括如下步骤：控制所述第一和第二输入连接离合器，使得在前车轴与后车轴之间(即车辆的车轮之间)获得期望的扭矩分配。通过所述第一和第二连接离合器的共同控制，能最优化从所述混合驱动模块提供的能量，即便从所述燃烧发动机和混合驱动模块输送的动力的量正在改变，也能获得前轮与后轮之间的平顺动力分配。
车辆中的所述动力传动系统及其实施提供了具有由所述混合驱动模块辅助的机械全轮驱动。由于所述混合驱动模块通过所述车轴连接到机械全轮驱动的所有车轮而不是仅后轮对或前轮对，因此当为提高性能增加额外的动力时、当仅使用所述混合驱动模块用于车辆的推进时或者在例如制动期间再生能量时，车辆的所有车轮被影响。这可与如果仅使用传统的电动后驱动单元以将前轮驱动车辆转换为混合动力车而仅影响一个后轮对作比较。本发明使车辆的行驶行为与仅影响前轮对或后轮对的情况相比更加可预期。
在包括具有电动机的混合驱动模块的动力传动系统的实施方式中，所述混合模块优选连接至电池，所述电池配置成存储由电动机产生的电能，并在期望额外推进动力时将存储的电能提供给电动机。所述电动机可用于车辆的推进以提高车辆的性能，或在车辆的制动或减速期间用于再生能量。存储的电能也可用于给车辆的其他电气部件提供电力。
通过还添加飞轮，所述混合模块中的能量再生可执行得更加有效。电动机的使用包括，动能被转换为电能，以及在用于推进时再转换回动能。这种能量转换会有许多的能量损失，例如，由于电流流过电线，一些能量会作为热量损失掉。再生能量的量越高，损失的能量越高。与使用飞轮再生能量相关的能量损失更少，飞轮将动能存储为动能，不必有能量转换。因此，通过将飞轮用于能量再生，可降低能量损失。
由于为提高性能或车辆混合推进期间所用的动力越大，能量损失越大，所以本发明对于高性能车辆是特别有利的。
除了提供更好的车辆行为可预期性和改进的车辆性能，由于例如通过使用再生可更加有效地利用车辆的能量，所以示例的动力传动系统降低了CO2印迹。
封装也常常是现今车辆的问题。对于混合动力车辆，在需要额外部件例如电动机的地方，封装是更大的问题。根据本发明的方面，所述混合驱动模块和所述车轴在共同的壳体内。通过这样布置所述混合驱动模块和所述车轴，可进一步优化其封装。
通过控制所述第二连接离合器，能够控制通过所述纵向驱动轴从所述燃烧发动机和所述前驱动车轴传递到包括所述后驱动车轴的车轴的扭矩。
前车轴与后车轴之间的示例性期望扭矩分配为70％的前轮驱动(即，前车轴)和30％的后轮驱动(后车轴)，或者50％的前轮驱动和50％的后轮驱动。应理解，这两个提及的分配比率是纯示例性的。然而，当期望前轮占最大的推进部分时，例如可能是在光滑道路条件的情况，示例的70/30的扭矩分配是优选的。均匀分配扭矩，即50/50的扭矩分配，可能在例如期望更高的车辆性能时是优选的。通常，前后车轴之间的扭矩分配是持续地调节的，以适应瞬时的主要道路和行驶条件。
在所述动力传动系统及其控制方法的一个示例实施方式中，所述期望扭矩分配取决于环境状况。这种示例性环境状况可为下列任意，但不限于：雨、雪、道路表面条件和道路表面倾斜。通过根据主要环境状况调节扭矩分配，可提高车辆的驱动性能。例如，在光滑道路条件，例如在大雨或潮湿条件以及环境温度低于冰点，可能期望车辆的驱动是均匀地分配在所有车轮上，而在干燥的天气条件及超过冰点的温度，可能期望后轮驱动高于前轮以提高性能。扭矩分配的适应进一步取决于示例的车辆和驾驶员参数，例如行驶模式、轮胎压力和加速度需求。
本发明还包括依据从所述混合模块到所述后驱动车轴的扭矩贡献，通过控制所述第二连接离合器而控制经由所述第二连接离合器从所述燃烧发动机到所述后驱动车轴的扭矩贡献的方法。
在下面的描述和附属权利要求中公开了本发明的其他优点和有利特征。
附图说明
参考附图，下面跟着本发明引为实例的实施方式的更加详细的描述。
图1公开了车辆的示意图；
图2公开了混合驱动模块的示意图；
图3公开了本发明的车轴的示意图；和
图4公开了混合动力传动系统的示意图。
具体实施方式
图1公开了包括混合动力传动系统45的车辆1的示意图。混合动力传动系统45设有本发明的包括混合驱动模块10的车轴9。包括混合驱动模块10的车轴9设在车辆1的后端，并联接至一对后轮2、3，使得混合驱动模块10可驱动后轮2、3。混合动力传动系统45还包括设在车辆前端的燃烧发动机44和变速器52。燃烧发动机44经由变速器52联接至一对前轮48、49，使得燃烧发动机可驱动所述前轮48、49。
具有驱动前轮的燃烧发动机和仅驱动后轮的混合驱动模块的混合动力车辆的行驶行为常常是不可预期的。在例如由混合驱动模块提供额外推进动力的硬加速(hardacceleration)期间，或者混合驱动模块用于制动再生(brake regeneration)的制动期间，难以保持前后轮之间的持续完美同步。取决于所述车辆是由燃烧发动机还是混合驱动模块驱动，车辆为前轮驱动或后轮驱动。同样，再生这个用于这种车辆的功能被与这种车辆当前是前轮驱动还是后轮驱动无关地应用于后轮，这可能影响行驶行为可预期性和整体的操纵性。
图1中所公开的车辆1的混合动力传动系统45还包括经由变速器52将燃烧发动机44连接到车轴9的纵向驱动轴5。纵向驱动轴5使得扭矩能够从设在车辆前端的燃烧发动机44传递到设在车辆后端的车轴9，反之亦然，其中前轮48、49和后轮2、3能由燃烧发动机44和/或车轴9的混合驱动模块10驱动。这使得能够同步驱动前轮48、49和后轮2、3，而与车辆当前主要由燃烧发动机44还是混合驱动模块10驱动无关，这将提高车辆1的行驶行为的可预期性。这也改善了车辆1的操纵性。
图2公开了混合驱动模块10的示意图。混合驱动模块10包括电动机20、行星齿轮组40和飞轮30。行星齿轮组包括太阳轮43、齿圈41、行星轮47和行星架42。行星齿轮组40的组成部件41、42、43、47如何彼此啮合不是本发明本身的一部分，其被认为是公知常识的一部分。在图2所示的实施方式中，电动机20通过电动机20的驱动轴21联接到齿圈41。飞轮30通过飞轮30的驱动轴31联接到太阳轮43。另外，飞轮30的驱动轴31设有分离离合器32，其中飞轮30能接合太阳轮30或从太阳轮30分离。通过控制分离离合器32，能控制从飞轮30传递到太阳轮43的旋转动力。
另外，混合驱动模块10包括传输齿轮组15。传输齿轮组15包括输入11、输出13和第一连接离合器12。输入11联接至输出13，其中输入11被设置为与行星架42啮合，使得提供给电动机20和/或飞轮30或从电动机20和/或飞轮30得到的旋转动力能经由传输齿轮组15传递到输出13。传输齿轮组15的第一连接离合器12设置为控制从输入11传递到输出13的旋转动力。
混合驱动模块10还包括制动器33。设置所述制动器是为了能够提高混合驱动模块10的可控性。
现在参考图3，公开了根据本发明的车轴9的一个实施方式的示意图。车轴9包括如前参考图2公开的混合驱动模块10、第一输入齿轮4、后差速齿轮16、输出齿轮8和后驱动车轴17。混合驱动模块10的输出13被设置为与第一输入齿轮4啮合。第一输入齿轮4通过至少第一对锥齿轮或类似物旋转地联接到后差速齿轮16。后差速齿轮16通过至少第二对锥齿轮或类似物旋转地联接到输出齿轮8。输出齿轮8旋转地联接到第二输入齿轮7。后驱动车轴17具有一对后轮2、3，其中通过转动后驱动车轴17来驱动后轮2、3。
因此，通过控制第一连接离合器12，能控制从电动机20和飞轮30传递到后驱动车轴17的扭矩。
在图3所公开的本发明的实施方式中，混合驱动模块10和车轴9布置在共同的壳体19中。从封装观点来看，将混合驱动模块10和车轴9布置在共同的壳体中是优选的。
图4公开了如前参考图1所公开的混合动力传动系统45的示意图，包括如前参考图3所公开的车轴9，其中车轴9包括如前参考图2所公开的混合驱动模块10。动力传动系统45另外包括布置在第二输入齿轮7与纵向驱动轴5之间的第二连接离合器6。如前所公开的，后驱动车轴17具有后轮2、3，前驱动车轴46具有前轮48、49。
在纵向驱动轴5的相对端，意指纵向轴5未联接至第二连接离合器6的一端，纵向驱动轴5旋转地联接至锥齿轮53。动力传动系统46还包括所述燃烧发动机44，所述燃烧发动机44连接至变速器52，变速器52传递由燃烧发动机44产生的扭矩。燃烧发动机44通过变速器52、被前差速器54的至少一对锥齿轮旋转地联接到前驱动车轴46，纵向驱动轴通过锥齿轮53旋转地联接到前驱动车轴46。
通过控制第二连接离合器6，通过分离和接合第二连接离合器6，能控制在包括后驱动车轴17的车轴9与联接至燃烧发动机44的前驱动车轴46之间传递的扭矩。因此，通过控制第二连接离合器6，能控制用于机械全轮驱动的从燃烧发动机44传递到后驱动车轴17的扭矩。当飞轮30和/或车轴9的电动机20用于车辆1的推进时，或用于提高车辆1的性能时，第二连接离合器6也控制从车轴9传递到前驱动车轴46的扭矩。当车轴9用于在车辆1的制动或减速期间再生时，第二连接离合器6还控制前驱动车轴46是否参与到动力再生中以及控制其参与到什么程度。在车辆1的制动或减速期间通过还接合前驱动车轴46，比仅使用车轴9的后驱动车轴17能再生更多的动力。
如何设计包括锥齿轮的差速器不是本发明本身的一部分，其被认为是公知常识的一部分。这里，当提及包括至少一对锥齿轮的差速器时，也考虑到不必包括一对锥齿轮的差速器的其他设计。
应理解，本发明不限于上面描述的及附图中所图示的实施方式；相反，技术人员会认识到，在所附权利要求范围内可做出许多改变和修改。

Claims (10)

1.动力传动系统(45)，设置有燃烧发动机(44)、前驱动车轴(46)、纵向驱动轴(5)和后驱动车轴(9)，由此所述燃烧发动机(44)连接至前驱动车轴(46)、纵向驱动轴(5)和后驱动车轴(9)，使得所述燃烧发动机能与所述前驱动车轴(46)、所述纵向驱动轴(5)和所述后驱动车轴(9)驱动连接，其中所述后驱动车轴(9)设置有混合驱动模块(10)，所述混合驱动模块(10)包括至少一个驱动单元(20，30)和传输齿轮组(15)，其中所述传输齿轮组(15)包括输入和输出(11，13)以及操作地设在所述输入和输出(11，13)之间的第一连接离合器(12)，由此所述传输齿轮组(15)的所述输出(13)适于与所述后驱动车轴(9)驱动连接，其中
所述纵向驱动轴(5)设置有第二连接离合器(6)，并且所述第一和第二连接离合器(12，6)被液压地控制且连接至相同的液压回路。
2.根据权利要求1所述的动力传动系统(45)，其中所述混合模块(10)还包括电动机(20)和/或飞轮(30)。
3.根据权利要求1所述的动力传动系统(45)，其中所述混合模块(10)还包括电动机(20)、飞轮(30)和行星齿轮组(40)，其中所述电动机(20)、所述飞轮(30)和所述传输齿轮组(15)通过所述行星齿轮组(40)连接，并且所述传输齿轮组(15)的输出(13)适于驱动所述后驱动车轴(9)的第一输入齿轮(4)。
4.根据权利要求3所述的动力传动系统(45)，其中所述行星齿轮组(40)包括齿圈(41)、行星架(42)和太阳轮(43)，并且所述电动机(20)的驱动轴(21)连接至所述齿圈(41)，并且所述飞轮(30)的驱动轴(31)连接到所述太阳轮(43)，并且所述传输齿轮组(15)连接到所述行星齿轮组(40)的行星架(42)。
5.根据权利要求4所述的动力传动系统(45)，其中所述太阳轮(43)直接连接至制动器(33)，并且通过分离离合器(32)连接到所述飞轮(30)。
6.车辆(1)，设置有根据前面权利要求1-5中任一项所述的动力传动系统(45)。
7.用于控制根据权利要求6所述的车辆(1)的方法，由此在行驶中：
·控制所述第一和第二输入连接离合器(12，6)，使得在前轮(48，49)与后轮(2，3)之间获得期望扭矩分配。
8.根据权利要求7所述的方法，其中所述期望扭矩分配为70％的前轮驱动和30％的后轮驱动，或者50％的前轮驱动和50％的后轮驱动，作为全轮驱动的起始分配。
9.根据权利要求7或8所述的方法，其中所述期望扭矩分配取决于环境状况。
10.根据权利要求7-9中任一项所述的方法，其中，取决于从所述混合模块(10)到所述后驱动车轴(17)的扭矩贡献，从所述燃烧发动机(44)到所述后驱动车轴(17)的扭矩贡献通过第二连接离合器(12)控制。
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