CN108081943A - 一种具有超级电容的四驱混合动力系统 - Google Patents

一种具有超级电容的四驱混合动力系统 Download PDF

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CN108081943A
CN108081943A CN201711441889.7A CN201711441889A CN108081943A CN 108081943 A CN108081943 A CN 108081943A CN 201711441889 A CN201711441889 A CN 201711441889A CN 108081943 A CN108081943 A CN 108081943A
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super capacitor
drive
vehicle
electric
controller
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王守军
刘吉顺
杜艳蒙
刘欢
李振文
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IAT Automobile Technology Co Ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/28Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the electric energy storing means, e.g. batteries or capacitors
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/38Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
    • B60K6/387Actuated clutches, i.e. clutches engaged or disengaged by electric, hydraulic or mechanical actuating means
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/50Architecture of the driveline characterised by arrangement or kind of transmission units
    • B60K6/52Driving a plurality of drive axles, e.g. four-wheel drive
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/40Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by capacitors
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/62Hybrid vehicles
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Hybrid Electric Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种具有超级电容的四驱混合动力系统,包括由发动机单元驱动的四驱传动系统和由电动机辅助驱动的后驱传动系统,所述后驱传动系统包括电动机驱动单元和配套设置的超级电容单元;当车辆加速或爬坡时,所述超级电容单元放电以对所述电动机驱动单元提供电力;当车辆减速或下坡时,所述电动机驱动单元为所述超级电容单元充电。本发明所述的具有超级电容的四驱混合动力系统中,将现有技术中使用的蓄电池组更换为超级电容单元,使得车辆在低温环境下能够正常运行;而且,采用超级电容单元后大电流放电能力更强,能量转换效率也更高,在能量转换过程中的能量损失更小,大大提高了车辆的加速和爬坡能力。

Description

一种具有超级电容的四驱混合动力系统
技术领域
本发明涉及一种汽车四驱混合动力系统,尤其涉及一种具有超级电容的四驱混合动力系统。
背景技术
对于目前广泛使用的混合动力汽车的驱动系统而言,均是设置了发动机驱动单元和由电力辅助的驱动单元,二者配合工作而实现对混合动力汽车的驱动。
混合动力车辆加速或爬坡时要求电力辅助驱动单元进行大电流放电,减速或下坡时要对电力辅助驱动单元进行快速充电以实现制动能量回收,这就要求电力辅助驱动单元具有优良的高倍率快充快放特性和相当长的使用寿命。而目前使用的以蓄电池为主的电力辅助驱动单元中,因蓄电池功率密度小,充放电效率低,且大电流充放电会使其寿命大大缩短,故而越来越不适应当前的需求。
发明内容
本发明针对现有技术的弊端,提供一种具有超级电容的四驱混合动力系统。
本发明所述的具有超级电容的四驱混合动力系统,包括由发动机单元驱动的四驱传动系统和由电动机辅助驱动的后驱传动系统,所述后驱传动系统包括电动机驱动单元和配套设置的超级电容单元;
当车辆加速或爬坡时,所述超级电容单元放电以对所述电动机驱动单元提供辅助;
当车辆减速或下坡时,所述电动机驱动单元为所述超级电容单元充电。
本发明所述的具有超级电容的四驱混合动力系统中,所述电动机驱动单元包括电动机和对应的电机控制器;
所述超级电容单元包括超级电容组和对应的超级电容控制器;
所述超级电容组与所述电机控制器电性连接,所述超级电容控制器控制所述超级电容组放电或者充电。
本发明所述的具有超级电容的四驱混合动力系统中,还包括整车控制器;
所述整车控制器与所述超级电容控制器通过CAN总线连接,所述超级电容控制器通过CAN总线与所述电机控制器连接。
本发明所述的具有超级电容的四驱混合动力系统中,还包括设置于电动机和后驱动轴之间的电磁离合器;
所述四驱传动系统包括发动机和变速箱,在所述发动机和变速箱之间设置有变速箱离合器;
当车辆处于高速工况下时,所述变速箱离合器接合,所述发动机工作并将动力输出至所述变速箱;所述整车控制器控制所述电磁离合器分离,所述电动机关闭;
当车辆处于加速或爬坡工况时,所述变速箱离合器接合,所述发动机工作并将动力输出至所述变速箱;同时,所述超级电容控制器控制所述超级电容组放电,所述整车控制器控制所述电磁离合器接合,所述电动机工作并将动力输出至所述后驱动轴;
当车辆处于减速或者下坡制动工况时,所述发动机工作;所述整车控制器控制所述电磁离合器接合,所述超级电容控制器控制所述超级电容组利用电动机运转来充电;
当车辆处于普通行驶工况时,所述变速箱离合器接合,所述发动机工作并将动力输出至所述变速箱;同时,所述电动机工作并将动力输出至所述后驱动轴,所述整车控制器控制所述电磁离合器接合,所述超级电容控制器控制所述超级电容组利用电动机运转来充电。
本发明所述的具有超级电容的四驱混合动力系统中,将现有技术中使用的蓄电池组更换为超级电容单元,使得车辆在低温环境下能够正常运行;而且,采用超级电容单元后大电流放电能力更强,能量转换效率也更高,在能量转换过程中的能量损失更小,大大提高了车辆的加速和爬坡能力。
附图说明
图1为本发明所述具有超级电容的四驱混合动力系统的示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明做进一步的详细说明,以令本领域技术人员参照说明书文字能够据以实施。
如图1所示,本发明所述的具有超级电容的四驱混合动力系统,包括由发动机单元驱动的四驱传动系统和由电动机辅助驱动的后驱传动系统。所述四驱传动系统可采用现有技术中的结构形式,为了弥补现有技术中采用蓄电池的弊端,本发明中还设置了超级电容单元,即所述后驱传动系统包括电动机驱动单元和配套设置的超级电容单元;当车辆加速或爬坡时,所述超级电容单元放电以对所述电动机驱动单元提供辅助,即利用超级电容单元快速放电(充电10秒~10分钟即可达到其额定容量的95%以上)的特性为电动机驱动单元提供辅助,以满足加速或爬坡的功率需求;当车辆减速或下坡时,所述电动机驱动单元为所述超级电容单元充电,即利用超级电容单元快速充电的特性,在车辆减速或者下坡时,实现制动能量回收。本发明中设置的超级电容单元存储能量大(单体容量可达5000F,而且其功率密度大,一般可达蓄电池的5~10倍)、深度充放电循环使用寿命长、质量轻、性能稳定,非常便于在车辆内布置。并且,相对于蓄电池而言,超级电容单元的大电流放电能力更强,能量转换效率也更高,在能量转换过程中的能量损失更小;该超级电容单元的充放电线路简单,故而安全系数更高;相对于蓄电池在低温环境下工作状况不佳的缺点,采用超级电容单元可适应零下40摄氏度至零上70摄氏度的温度范围,尤其能够适应北方寒冷地区的使用环境。
本发明中,所述电动机驱动单元具体包括电动机和对应的电机控制器。所述超级电容单元包括超级电容组和对应的超级电容控制器;所述超级电容组与所述电机控制器电性连接,所述超级电容控制器控制所述超级电容组放电或者充电。此外,还设置了整车控制器;所述整车控制器与所述超级电容控制器通过CAN总线连接,所述超级电容控制器通过CAN总线与所述电机控制器连接。
本发明所述的具有超级电容的四驱混合动力系统中,还包括设置于电动机和后驱动轴之间的电磁离合器;所述四驱传动系统包括发动机和变速箱,在所述发动机和变速箱之间设置有变速箱离合器。
在本发明所述的四驱混合动力系统中,有四种工作模式,现分别说明如下:
当车辆处于高速工况下时,所述变速箱离合器接合,所述发动机工作并将动力输出至所述变速箱;所述整车控制器控制所述电磁离合器分离,所述电动机关闭。为了在高速工况下保护电机,需要令电磁离合器分离,以确保电动机不工作。
当车辆处于加速或爬坡工况时,所述变速箱离合器接合,所述发动机工作并将动力输出至所述变速箱;同时,所述超级电容控制器控制所述超级电容组放电,所述整车控制器控制所述电磁离合器接合,所述电动机工作并将动力输出至所述后驱动轴。此种工况即为混合驱动模式,此时,发动机和电动机均处于工作状态,可有效提升车辆加速或爬坡性能。
当车辆处于减速或者下坡制动工况时,所述发动机工作;所述整车控制器控制所述电磁离合器接合,所述超级电容控制器控制所述超级电容组利用电动机运转来充电。此种工况是为了提升能量利用率,并减轻制动片的磨损,因此,利用电机反转发电降低车速的性能,能够达到无需踩刹车踏板就能够减速的目的。
当车辆处于普通行驶工况时,所述变速箱离合器接合,所述发动机工作并将动力输出至所述变速箱;同时,所述电动机工作并将动力输出至所述后驱动轴,所述整车控制器控制所述电磁离合器接合,所述超级电容控制器控制所述超级电容组利用电动机运转来充电。此时,所述超级电容组处于充电状态,当需要加速或者爬坡时,所述超级电容会进入放电状态,从而提升车辆加速或者爬坡性能。
尽管本发明的实施方案已公开如上,但其并不仅仅限于说明书和实施方式中所列运用,它完全可以被适用于各种适合本发明的领域,对于熟悉本领域的人员而言,可容易地实现另外的修改,因此在不背离权利要求及等同范围所限定的一般概念下,本发明并不限于特定的细节和这里示出与描述的图例。

Claims (4)

1.一种具有超级电容的四驱混合动力系统,包括由发动机单元驱动的四驱传动系统和由电动机辅助驱动的后驱传动系统,其特征在于,所述后驱传动系统包括电动机驱动单元和配套设置的超级电容单元;
当车辆加速或爬坡时,所述超级电容单元放电以对所述电动机驱动单元提供电力;
当车辆减速或下坡时,所述电动机驱动单元为所述超级电容单元充电。
2.如权利要求1所述的具有超级电容的四驱混合动力系统,其特征在于,所述电动机驱动单元包括电动机和对应的电机控制器;
所述超级电容单元包括超级电容组和对应的超级电容控制器;
所述超级电容组与所述电机控制器电性连接,所述超级电容控制器控制所述超级电容组放电或者充电。
3.如权利要求2所述的具有超级电容的四驱混合动力系统,其特征在于,还包括整车控制器;
所述整车控制器与所述超级电容控制器通过CAN总线连接,所述超级电容控制器通过CAN总线与所述电机控制器连接。
4.如权利要求3所述的具有超级电容的四驱混合动力系统,其特征在于,还包括设置于电动机和后驱动轴之间的电磁离合器;
所述四驱传动系统包括发动机和变速箱,在所述发动机和变速箱之间设置有变速箱离合器;
当车辆处于高速工况下时,所述变速箱离合器接合,所述发动机工作并将动力输出至所述变速箱;所述整车控制器控制所述电磁离合器分离,所述电动机关闭;
当车辆处于加速或爬坡工况时,所述变速箱离合器接合,所述发动机工作并将动力输出至所述变速箱;同时,所述超级电容控制器控制所述超级电容组放电,所述整车控制器控制所述电磁离合器接合,所述电动机工作并将动力输出至所述后驱动轴;
当车辆处于减速或者下坡制动工况时,所述发动机工作;所述整车控制器控制所述电磁离合器接合,所述超级电容控制器控制所述超级电容组利用电动机运转来充电;
当车辆处于普通行驶工况时,所述变速箱离合器接合,所述发动机工作并将动力输出至所述变速箱;同时,所述电动机工作并将动力输出至所述后驱动轴,所述整车控制器控制所述电磁离合器接合,所述超级电容控制器控制所述超级电容组利用电动机运转来充电。
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