CN107052341B - A kind of continuous preparation process of advanced pore morphology foamed aluminium bead - Google Patents
A kind of continuous preparation process of advanced pore morphology foamed aluminium bead Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN107052341B CN107052341B CN201710049185.9A CN201710049185A CN107052341B CN 107052341 B CN107052341 B CN 107052341B CN 201710049185 A CN201710049185 A CN 201710049185A CN 107052341 B CN107052341 B CN 107052341B
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- Prior art keywords
- powder
- expandable
- atomization
- hot rolling
- preparation process
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/10—Sintering only
- B22F3/11—Making porous workpieces or articles
- B22F3/1121—Making porous workpieces or articles by using decomposable, meltable or sublimatable fillers
- B22F3/1125—Making porous workpieces or articles by using decomposable, meltable or sublimatable fillers involving a foaming process
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/18—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces by using pressure rollers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/18—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces by using pressure rollers
- B22F2003/185—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces by using pressure rollers by hot rolling, below sintering temperature
Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of continuous production technology of APM foam stuffings bead, can be with the production APM foam stuffing beads of continuous batch using the equipment.The technical solution used for：Added in hot press be uniformly mixed with certain mass than Al powder, Si powder and TiH2Powder mixed-powder, for the plank that hot pressing goes out by reversible hot rolling mill, cutting sheet edge has the part of crackle, obtains the prefabricated board with certain consistency；The prefabricated panels that hot rolling in second step goes out is cut into the expandable precursor of strip that several sections are square using cutting roller, and subsequently enter limit plain-barreled roll, and the strip precursor for stretching out certain length is cut into the square fritter of certain specification by flying shear, by the expandable fritter of square as transmission is brought into high-temperature electric heat continuous tunnel furnace, heats up and foam in high-temperature electric heat continuous tunnel furnace；When the heating of expandable body is expanded into subsphaeroidal, into range of atomization, the cooling water of atomization is sprayed, bead is made to be quickly cooled to type.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of advanced pore morphologies（Advanced Pore Morphology）Foamed aluminium bead it is continuous
Preparation process belongs to foam metal material preparation field.
Background technology
It is light-weighted to material structure to want with automobile, the rapid development of aerospace and other high-new industrial circles
Ask higher and higher.Foam metal composite construction has many excellent properties such as lightweight, high rigidity, vibration damping, just meets production and city
Field demand, is paid close attention to by each side scholar and manufacturer, is occupied an important position in field of new materials.
From the point of view of the market of foamed aluminium is using angle, it is used to integrate composite construction use with compact metal mostly.People
Using powder metallurgic method it is expected to obtain near net-shaped foamed aluminium to reduce aftertreatment technology.But the method is needed to foam and be moulded
Property mold up-front investment, and the production of composite construction at present is required to technological parameter and the flow of strict definite to ensure to steep
The reproducibility of the structure and performance of foam body opening gap, the tune of whole set process parameter and flow can be caused when structure has a little variation
Whole replacement, flexibility are poor.Extensive preparation in particular for some large-scale, special-shaped foam metals or composite construction and continuously
It prepares, process difficulties show especially prominent：As temperature field extension is long, it is difficult to accurately control local foaming effect；In advance
Heating mould size caused by body processed is excessive increases, squeeze pressure improves, to improve production cost；It is sent out in polymorphic structure
When bubble, phenomenon of Heat is complicated, it is difficult to obtain and completely fill type effect and the problems such as cell stability, uniformity cannot be guaranteed.
Fraunhofer research group proposes powder metallurgy foaming method producing the foaming process of foam metal and moulding mistake
Journey detaches, and is influenced to make the parameter of each step no longer mutually restrain, can take the optimum parameter in every step with simplification respectively
Production technology problem.Thus research group proposes advanced pore morphology（APM）The concept of foam cell, the institute of pore structure
With it is advanced compared with other types be due to each APM foam cells three-dimensional length very little, and its maximum pore volume is controllable, by ingredient
Composition is determined.This means that can be obtained the foam with good pore structure by very easy process control procedure
Metal unit.
After foam cell with advanced pore morphology, the method that only need to consider integrated composite construction is optional
The techniques such as filling in bulk, gluing be compound prepare large-scale, profiled member, are not in occur in traditional preparation methods due to temperature
Structure is uneven caused by the limitation such as degree, mold, the process difficulties such as foaming effect difference.Substantially increase technological process simplicity and
The flexibility of technique adjustment, to reduce production cost.
And the research and development of country's APM foam ball fillers at present are not commercially produced, also in the starting stage in laboratory
In preparation method, generally require by matching the techniques steps such as powder, mixed powder, cold pressing, hot extrusion, cutting, polishing, foaming, cooling, screening
Suddenly.Period mold is more and complicated and higher to dimension precision requirement；And whole flow process needs whole artificial accurate operation, takes
It is long, and operation dispersion, production process discontinuously cause accidental error to greatly increase；And not according to the performance requirement of composite construction
Together, uniform foam body core, multiphase foam core and local density's gradient foam body core are required to a large amount of different size, close
The different APM foam ball fillers of degree, porosity equal-specification, Laboratory Production small scale, technological operation dispersion, production process is not
Continuously, low yield causes APM fillers spherical macrospore, specific strength, specific stiffness control difficulty to increase, it is difficult to ensure properties of product
The reproducibility of structure；And production finished product is excessively high, is far difficult to meet the needs of standardized size mass production.
Invention content
The invention overcomes the deficiencies of the prior art, and provides a kind of continuous productions of APM foam stuffings bead
Technique, including powder hot-pressing system, prefabricated board hot rolling system, expandable panel cutting system, foamable system and atomization cooling
System forms, can be with the production APM foam stuffing beads of continuous batch using the equipment.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is：A kind of advanced pore morphology foamed aluminium is small
The continuous preparation process of ball, including precast body building control system and foamed building control system, wherein the precast body at
Type control system includes powder hot pressing area, prefabricated board hot rolling area and expandable plate cutting area, the foamed building control system
Including foamable area and atomization cooling zone, two systems complement each other, and realize the semi-automatic production of serialization of APM beads.Tool
Antibody preparation procedures include the following steps：
The first step：Powder hot pressing；
Added into hot press be uniformly mixed with certain mass than Al powder, Si powder and TiH2Powder mixed powder
End, wherein mass fraction shared by Al powder are 84-92%, and mass fraction shared by Si powder is 7-15%, TiH2Powder accounts for 0.6-1%.
Second step：Prefabricated board hot rolling；
For the plank that hot pressing in the first step is gone out by reversible hot rolling mill, cutting sheet edge has the part of crackle, obtains
Prefabricated board with certain consistency.
Third walks：Expandable plate cutting；
The prefabricated panels that hot rolling in second step goes out is cut into the strip that several sections are square using cutting roller
Expandable precursor, and limit plain-barreled roll is subsequently entered, and the strip precursor for stretching out certain length is cut by certain specification by flying shear
Square fritter.
4th step：Foamable；
The expandable fritter of square during third is walked is brought into high-temperature electric heat continuous tunnel furnace with transmission, in high-temperature electric heat
It heats up and foams in continuous tunnel furnace.
5th step：It is cooling；
When expandable body heating is expanded into subsphaeroidal in the 4th step, into range of atomization, several fog-spray nozzles are arranged in range of atomization,
The cooling water for spraying atomization, makes bead be quickly cooled to type.
Preferably, the hot press is pressurized to 160MPa first, and powder is heated to 450 DEG C, protected with this condition
Warm 25min.
Preferably, the reversible hot rolling mill rolls 2~3 passages, draught per pass 10%~40%, successive passes pressure
Amount is gradually reduced；The threading speed of last frame is determined according to the thickness of expandable precast body plate, but is not greater than 6m/s.
Preferably, the cutting roller is placed side by side, and rotating speed is identical, tooth socket intermeshing, and the side peace of the cutting roller
Comb tooth is filled, the thickness of expandable precast body plank is equal with the distance between cutting roller tongue and groove.
Preferably, high temperature tunnel furnace furnace zone width is 620~870mm, and The concrete specification is roller-way spacing 20mm；Fire door
Height is 50mm；Furnace chamber uses single temperature zone, sets furnace temperature as 750 DEG C~780 DEG C, heating element uses Si-Mo rod；Temperature control mode
To set up fixed point intelligent instrument control, PLD is adjusted, SCR control；Temperature-controlled precision is≤± 2 DEG C；Constant temperature zone cross-section error≤± 5
℃。
Preferably, the equal fog-spray nozzle of vertical-transmission direction arrangement spacing, quantity are 6~9 in the range of atomization；It is described
Range of atomization height is set as 15~20cm, and atomized drop diameter control is within 50 μm；Output quantity TOR is 6300mg/min.
The present invention has the advantages that compared with prior art.
1, it is small to breach laboratory to method proposed by the invention compared to domestic existing APM foams aluminium ball material manufacturing technique
The limitation of scale, small lot is, it can be achieved that serialization produces automatically；Due to precast body building control system and foamed molding control
The preparation of system co- controlling and foam process, parameter stability.Accidental error caused by substantially eliminating human factor ensures
The structure reproduction and performance uniformity of finished product APM foamed aluminium beads.
2, the present invention can be realized not by the control to precast body building control system and foamed building control system
The line up regulation of the APM foamed aluminium beads of same porosity, density, size, to obtain the different APM foamed aluminium units of specification.
3, method proposed by the invention and continuous producing apparatus are not limited to aluminium and aluminium alloy system metal, while also fitting
It need to only be changed according to corresponding foam process for alloys such as some other plastic powders such as zinc, copper, lead, titanium, steel, when preparation prefabricated
Body preparation parameter and foaming parameters.
4, method simple equipments proposed by the invention, easy to operate, each equipment that executes is by precast body building control system
Or the control of foamed building control system, the degree of automation are higher；And integral device floor space is small, it is easy to accomplish a plurality of, more
Batch production line continuous production.
Description of the drawings
Following further describes the present invention with reference to the drawings.
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of production line involved in the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of comb tooth in the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of cutting roller in the present invention
In figure：1 it is powder hot-pressing machine, 2 be mold, 3 be roller-way, 4 be vertical rod milling train, 5 is reversible hot rolling mill, 6 to cut
Side machine, 7 be comb tooth, 8 be cutting roller, 9 be limit roller, 10 be flying shear, 11 be expandable square, 12 be high-temperature electric heat tunnel
Stove, 13 be nozzle, 14 be spraying area, 15 be finished product bead, 16 be material box.
Specific implementation mode
As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2 and Figure 3, the present invention is a kind of continuous preparation process of advanced pore morphology foamed aluminium bead,
Entire preparation system is made of powder hot-pressing area, prefabricated board hot rolling area, cutting area, foaming zone and range of atomization.Specific preparation process
Include the following steps：
（1）Powder hot pressing：To charge door addition be uniformly mixed with certain mass than Al powder, Si powder, Mg powder and
TiH2Powder mixed-powder, wherein mass fraction shared by Al powder be mass fraction shared by 83~91%, Si powder be 7~15%, Mg powder about
Account for 1%, TiH2Powder accounts for about 0.6~1%.And entered in mold cavity by conveying pipeline, then under the action of hydraulic pressure head not
Disconnected consolidation, stops pressurization when pressure reaches 300 ± 15MPa.Temperature control system starts at this time, and setting is warming up to 500 DEG C and pressurize
20min.Setting time seaming chuck automatically unloading and lifts top board after reaching, and lifts mold, and plank, which enters, lower arrives process.
（2）Prefabricated board hot rolling：The（1）Plank in step enters hot rolling area with roller-way, is rubbed by what hot roll rotation generated
Wiping power forces plank to bite, and starts course of hot rolling.Hot rolling system is made of vertical miller, reversible hot rolling mill, bead cutter.Vertical rod
Equipped with automatic width control system（AWC）With short stroke control system（SSC）, to reduce on strip width and length direction
Deviation improves Product Precision.
（3）Cutting：The（2）The plank that hot rolling goes out in step enters with roller-way in cutting area, cutting area by a pair of of cutting roller, fly
Cut composition.The frictional force generated by cutting roller rotation bites, and generates a pair of reversed shearing in the extremely short distance of plank and answer
Power leads to central tear of the plank along shear stress, expandable to be cut into the strip that several sections are square
Wire rod body.The strip precursor then stretched out enters limit plain-barreled roll, and all a plurality of strips are limited in same level, are then passed through
The strip precursor for stretching out certain length is cut into expandable square fritter by flying shear.
（4）Foaming：The（3）It cuts the expandable square fritter finished in step to fall on conveyer belt, as transmission is brought into
Enter heating zone, heating zone is made of high-temperature electric heat continuous tunnel furnace, digital display adjusting apparatus, thermocouple etc..Square fritter is in heating zone
It is brought rapidly up softening, and starts foamed over time.During this period, conveyer belt with constant speed constantly to forward pass
Send, line speed adjusted according to foamed time and continuous tunnel furnace heating zone length, when it being made just to obtain subsphaeroidal epidermis from
Open heating zone.
（5）It is cooling：The（4）It is expanded into step after subsphaeroidal bead leaves heating zone, enters range of atomization with conveyer belt, be atomized
Several fog-spray nozzles are arranged in area, spray the cooling water of atomization, material box is fallen into after so that bead is quickly cooled to type.
Entire former is controlled by two systems in the present invention, and one is precast body building control system, and one is bubble
Foam building control system.The hot pressing area of precast body formation system control device, hot rolling area, cutting area；Foamed molding control
The foaming zone and cooling zone of system control equipment.Two systems complement each other, and realize the semi-automatic production of serialization of APM beads.
Powder hot-pressing area takes alternate mode to improve production effect by the pressurize room of multiple side-by-side configurations in the present invention
Rate.Each pressurize room into powder amount and ejecting plate time by precast body molding decorum control, with ensure serialization course of hot rolling into
Row.
Hot rolling area is made of edger roll, reversible hot rolling mill, bead cutter in the present invention.The main transmission of vertical miller is using exchange
Frequency conversion, the kind of drive are upper vertical type transmission, and vertical miller is closely configured with hot-rolling mill.Reversible hot rolling mill is by working roll, branch
Support roller, transmission system, other devices etc., other devices include changing rig, and regulating device, control are integrated etc..Foaming precursor
Plank relies on roller transport system, roller-way diameter can use 150~250mm, roller-way length be work roll face length -100~+
100mm, roller-way spacing 600mm~850mm, to ensure being smoothed out for the operation of rolling, roller-way 0.6~1.0um of roughness, gradient
1/ (30~40), 3~7mm of bead cutter trimming thickness.
Cutting area is made of cutting roller, comb tooth in the present invention.Two sides of cutting roller tongue and groove cooperate, and have and cut
The effect of cutting, the distance between it is equal.There are cutting, the distance between cutting roller tongue and groove to be equal to 6~9mm on cutting roller.Comb tooth
Material is high-carbon steel, and the compaction degree of comb tooth and cutting roller should be according to the moulding decision of expandable precast body plate.
Wherein, flying shear parameter sheared length 3000mm, shearing force：Max4000N, shearing frequency are true according to the size of bead
It is fixed.It is moved ahead under the frictional force of roller by the parallel precast body item of limit roller, by precast body formed body after reaching designated length
System control flying shear, realizes cutting to length.
Foaming zone is made of high-temperature electric heating tunnel stove, digital display temperature-control adjuster, conveyer belt speed modulator in the present invention.Tunnel
Road furnace temperature is generally located on 750~800 DEG C, and since foamed time caused by powder ratio difference or precursor specification difference is different
It determines the transmission speed of conveyer belt, just obtains subsphaeroidal surface layer when disengaging it from continuous tunnel furnace.
Range of atomization is made of atomizer, spray chamber, cooling water automation controller in the present invention.Viscous state bead enters it
Afterwards since the cooling water of the atomization of disperse in air makes its rapid cooled and solidified, while will not be because of close caused by water impact
Spherical form destroys.Serious drain phenomenon does not occur in viscous state bead and stomata is caused to merge, it is before caving in that it is rapid cold
But, it is conducive to obtain uniform foam cell, circularity is high, the controllable foamed aluminium bead of pore size.
The implementation of the present invention is explained in detail above in conjunction with attached drawing, but the present invention is not limited to examples detailed above,
Those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of knowledge, can also make various without departing from the purpose of the present invention
Variation.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of continuous preparation process of advanced pore morphology foamed aluminium bead, which is characterized in that including precast body molding control
System and foamed building control system, wherein the precast body building control system includes powder hot pressing area, prefabricated board hot rolling
Area and expandable plate cutting area, the foamed building control system include foamable area and atomization cooling zone, two systems
It complements each other, realizes the semi-automatic production of serialization of APM beads；Specific preparation flow includes the following steps：
The first step：Powder hot pressing；
Added into hot press be uniformly mixed with certain mass than Al powder, Si powder and TiH2Mixed-powder, wherein Al powder
Shared mass fraction is 84-92%, and mass fraction shared by Si powder is 7-15%, TiH2Mass fraction 0.6-1% shared by powder；
Second step：Prefabricated board hot rolling；
For the plank that hot pressing in the first step is gone out by reversible hot rolling mill, cutting sheet edge has the part of crackle, is had
The prefabricated board of certain consistency；
Third walks：Expandable plate cutting；
The prefabricated panels that hot rolling in second step goes out is cut into the strip that several sections are square using cutting roller to be sent out
Precursor is steeped, and subsequently enters limit plain-barreled roll, and the strip precursor for stretching out certain length is being cut into just by certain specification by flying shear
Cube fritter；
4th step：Foamable；
The expandable fritter of square during third is walked is brought into high-temperature electric heat continuous tunnel furnace with transmission, in high-temperature electric heat tunnel
It heats up and foams in stove；
5th step：It is cooling；
When expandable body heating is expanded into subsphaeroidal in the 4th step, into range of atomization, several fog-spray nozzles are arranged in range of atomization, spray
The cooling water of atomization, makes bead be quickly cooled to type.
2. a kind of continuous preparation process of advanced pore morphology foamed aluminium bead according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
The hot press is pressurized to 160MPa first, and powder is heated to 450 DEG C, keeps the temperature 25min with this condition.
3. a kind of continuous preparation process of advanced pore morphology foamed aluminium bead according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
The reversible hot rolling mill rolls 2~3 passages, draught per pass 10%~40%, and successive passes drafts is gradually reduced；Last frame
Threading speed determined according to the thickness of expandable precast body plate, but be not greater than 6m/s.
4. a kind of continuous preparation process of advanced pore morphology foamed aluminium bead according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
The cutting roller is placed side by side, and rotating speed is identical, tooth socket intermeshing, and comb tooth is installed in the side of the cutting roller, expandable pre-
The thickness of body plank processed is equal with the distance between cutting roller tongue and groove.
5. a kind of continuous preparation process of advanced pore morphology foamed aluminium bead according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
High-temperature electric heat continuous tunnel furnace furnace zone width is 620~870mm, and The concrete specification is roller-way spacing 20mm；Fire door height is 50mm；
Furnace chamber uses single temperature zone, sets furnace temperature as 750 DEG C~780 DEG C, heating element uses Si-Mo rod；Temperature control mode is to set up fixed point intelligence
Energy instrument control, PLD are adjusted, SCR control；Temperature-controlled precision is≤± 2 DEG C；Constant temperature zone cross-section error≤± 5 DEG C.
6. a kind of continuous preparation process of advanced pore morphology foamed aluminium bead according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
The equal fog-spray nozzle of vertical-transmission direction arrangement spacing, quantity are 6~9 in the range of atomization；The range of atomization height setting
For 15~20cm, atomized drop diameter control is within 50 μm；Output quantity TOR is 6300mg/min.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710049185.9A CN107052341B (en) | 2017-01-23 | 2017-01-23 | A kind of continuous preparation process of advanced pore morphology foamed aluminium bead |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710049185.9A CN107052341B (en) | 2017-01-23 | 2017-01-23 | A kind of continuous preparation process of advanced pore morphology foamed aluminium bead |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN107052341A CN107052341A (en) | 2017-08-18 |
| CN107052341B true CN107052341B (en) | 2018-10-16 |
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| CN111073023B (en) * | 2019-11-26 | 2020-12-08 | 福建兴迅新材料科技有限公司 | Low-temperature supercritical foaming process |
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| EP1731247A1 (en) * | 2005-06-07 | 2006-12-13 | Vlaamse Instelling Voor Technologisch Onderzoek (Vito) | Titanium, titanium alloy and NiTi foams with high ductility |
| CN103589892B (en) * | 2013-11-29 | 2016-06-22 | 沈阳工业大学 | A kind of preparation method of low-density small pore size powder metallurgy foam aluminum composite structure |
| CN104550972B (en) * | 2014-12-05 | 2017-02-22 | 沈阳工业大学 | Preparation method of special-shaped aluminum foam irregular parts |
| CN105618763B (en) * | 2016-01-29 | 2017-11-14 | 太原科技大学 | A kind of Fe Al Aluminum Foam with Composite Structure plate preparation method |
| CN106064241B (en) * | 2016-07-09 | 2017-11-10 | 大连理工大学 | A kind of preparation method of internal diameter controllable foam metal |
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