CN107033910A - A kind of composition for adjusting soil aciditiy and its application - Google Patents
A kind of composition for adjusting soil aciditiy and its application Download PDFInfo
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- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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- C09K17/02—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing inorganic compounds only
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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Abstract
A kind of composition for adjusting soil aciditiy and its application, belong to soil improvement and regulation technology field.It is made up of straw biomass charcoal, alkaline residue and organic fertilizer, the ratio of wherein straw biomass charcoal, alkaline residue and organic fertilizer is（80~100）:（6~15）:50.Three kinds of materials with apply can notable improved soil acidity, increase soil fertility, and then increase crop yield, while improving the anti-acid ability of soil, the extension improved effect time, slow down multiple acidization.The Opsonizing method is a kind of cheap long-acting synthesis soil acidification Opsonizing method.The comprehensively regulating method of the red soil acidity, mainly prepares conditioner using industry and agricultural wastes as raw material, is that new way is opened up in utilization of waste as resource.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to soil improvement and the technical field of Opsonizing method, and in particular to a kind of combination of regulation soil aciditiy
Thing and its application.
Background technology
Due to the weather conditions of high temperature and rainy, strong eluviation causes South China Tropical and subtropical zone soil
Typically in acidity（Zhao Qiguo etc., 2002. Science Presses）.In recent years, ammonium fertilizer is excessively applied in acid deposition and agricultural production
(Guo et al., 2010. Science, 327 are greatly speeded up with soil acidification speed is caused: 1008–1010.).Soil
Low pH and aluminium poison seriously endangers plant growth on such soil caused by accelerating acidifying, causes bad plant growth, yield and product
Matter declines.At present, for the harm of soil aciditiy, traditional modification method is the alkaline matter such as liming sweetening of the soil acid
Degree, improves soil pH value, although this method effectively, consumes substantial amounts of mineral resources.On the other hand, because acid deposition is to soil
The influence long-term existence of earth acidifying, ammonium fertilizer will be applied largely in agricultural production, even if therefore acid soil liming
Modifying agent improves soil pH, can still occur multiple acidifying problem after a while, it is necessary to frequent liming modifying agent.If changing
While good acidity, acid buffering capacity of soil is improved, resistivity of the soil to external source acid can be improved, effectively slow down farmland soil
The multiple acidifying of earth.The acidic buffer capacity of Southern Red Soil is low, and its anti-acid ability has greatly improved space, but needs to research and develop lifting
The key technology of the anti-acid ability of soil.
Deacidification is outside one's consideration, and Southern Red Soil rate of decay is high, and soil clay mineral is with 1:Based on 1 type kaolinite.Strong leaching
Effect makes a large amount of leaching losses of soil base cations.The weather conditions of high temperature and rainy promote soil organism fast decoupled, are difficult accumulation.
Therefore, the fertility level of acid soil is typically relatively low, and this is to influence another unfavorable factor of this area's agricultural production.In improvement
While soil aciditiy, level of increasing soil fertility can just make full use of the hydro-thermal money that southern subtropical and tropical zones are abundant
Source, maximizes the productive potentialities of soil, ensures the sustainable development of this area's agricultural.
In view of the above-mentioned problems, the biomass carbon that the present invention is prepared using alkaline residue, organic fertilizer and agricultural crop straw is raw material, grind
A kind of energy improved soil acidity of system, and the long-acting integrated approach of Synchronous lifting soil fertility and the anti-acid ability of soil.
The content of the invention
The technical problem of solution：The purpose of the present invention be for the sour evil of south China acid soil, malicious aluminium, low fertility,
The problems such as being easily acidified again, designs a kind of industry byproduct and agricultural wastes using low cost as raw material, both improved soil acidity,
Soil fertility is lifted again, while composition and its application of the regulation soil aciditiy of the anti-acid ability of soil are improved, so as to improve
The Comprehensive Productivity of such soil, reduces acid soil improvement cost.
Technical scheme：A kind of composition for adjusting soil aciditiy, is made up of straw biomass charcoal, alkaline residue and organic fertilizer, its
The mass ratio of middle straw biomass charcoal, alkaline residue and organic fertilizer is（80~100）:（6~15）:50.
It is preferred that, the stalk is peanut straw, dries peanut straw after harvesting peanut, crushes, charing is put into afterwards
In stove, natural cooling is made after heating charing 3 hours at a temperature of 400 DEG C.
It is preferred that, the alkaline residue is the byproduct that produces during ammonia-soda process soda ash.
It is preferred that, the organic fertilizer is the organic commercial fertilizer that animal dung is produced through decomposition.
The application of the composition of above-mentioned regulation soil aciditiy, sends out matrixs such as Quaternary Period red clay, basalt and plate shales
The clayey acid soil educated, the amount of application of peanut straw charcoal is 15000 kg/ha；pH<When 4.5, alkaline residue amount of application is 2250
kg/ha；5.0>pH>When 4.5, alkaline residue amount of application is 1500 kg/ha.To granite and the sandy soil of sandstone parent material development, flower
Raw straw charcoal amount of application is 12000 kg/ha；pH<When 4.5, alkaline residue amount of application is 1500 kg/ha；5.0>pH>When 4.5, alkaline residue
Amount of application is 900 kg/ha.All acid soils, organic manure application rate is 7500 kg/ha；To pH<4.5 acid soil, is pressed
Above-mentioned metering continuous administration 2 years, annual 1 time, can be spaced 4 years and apply again afterwards；To 5.0>pH>4.5 acid soil, by upper
Metering is stated using after 1 time, interval is applied for 4 years again.
Concrete application method is uniformly to spread fertilizer over the fields alkaline residue, organic fertilizer and biomass carbon in upper soll layer, then by artificial
Crop is sowed or transplanted or rotary cultivator uniformly mixes conditioner with topsoil soils, after one week.
Beneficial effect：Alkaline residue is administered alone, although soil pH can be effectively improved, but soil fertility can not be lifted, solves
The problem of Red Soil Fertility is not low.Single organic fertilizer is limited to the improved effect of soil aciditiy, especially to pH<4.5 it is strong
Acid soil.But organic fertilizer improves soil by improving soil texture, raising soil organic matter content and soil nutrient content
Fertility.Alkaline residue and organic fertilizer are matched somebody with somebody and applies and can be improved and fertility Upgrade Problem while solving soil aciditiy.But with ammonium fertilizer
Continuation apply, soil multiple acidification phenomenon occurs, it is necessary to frequently apply modifying agent.Straw biomass charcoal can improve soil and delay
Capacity is rushed, so as to improve the anti-acid ability of soil.Compare the effect of different straw charcoals, find peanut straw charcoal in lifting soil
Effect in terms of anti-acid ability is substantially better than straw charcoal, maize straw charcoal and rape stalk charcoal.Therefore, by peanut straw charcoal with
Alkaline residue and organic fertilizer can be lifted soil fertility and improve the anti-acid ability of soil, slowed down soil with applying with sweetening of the soil acidity
Multiple acidifying, so as to reduce the application times of modifying agent, extends the action time of modifying agent.This, which can greatly reduce, applies modifying agent
The labor cost of consumption.
Material therefor of the present invention is biology prepared by organic fertilizer and agricultural crop straw prepared by industry byproduct and animal dung
Matter charcoal, this provides new way for the recycling of industry and agricultural wastes.Current animal dung and agricultural crop straw disposal are still
It is so an insoluble problem, unreasonable disposal brings a series of environmental problems.The recycling pair of these discarded objects
Preserve the ecological environment and be highly profitable.Alkaline residue used of the invention is free of poisonous and harmful substance, and it is applied will not be to agricultural production band
To endanger.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is that Anhui red soil matches somebody with somebody the comparison figure applied alkaline residue and organic fertilizer and do not apply conditioner processing yield of rape；
Fig. 2 is that Anhui red soil matches somebody with somebody the comparison figure applied alkaline residue and organic fertilizer and do not apply conditioner processing soil pH and Exchange alkalinity；
Fig. 3 is that Anhui red soil matches somebody with somebody the comparison figure applied alkaline residue and organic fertilizer and do not apply conditioner processing soil organic matter content；
Fig. 4 is that the productivity ratio for the soil acidification conditioner that Different Crop stalk fires 3h preparations at 400 DEG C is relatively schemed；
Fig. 5 is the soda acid automatic Titration curve map (acid used for the soil acidification conditioner that Different Crop stalk is prepared into
For 0.2M HNO3, initial solid-to-liquid ratio is 1:100)；
The comparison figure that Fig. 6 Jiangxi arenosols applies soil acidification conditioner mud acid buffer capacity prepared by Different Crop stalk is (raw
5%) addition of thing charcoal is；
Fig. 7 is that Jiangxi arenosols applies soil acidification conditioner and Ca (OH) prepared by Different Crop stalk respectively2Simulated Soil
Acidization compares figure (pH simulation contexts are 6.5-4.6)；
Fig. 8 matches somebody with somebody for Anhui red soil applies alkaline residue, organic fertilizer and peanut straw charcoal and alkaline residue, organic fertilizer and Ca (OH)2Handle soil
Mimicry acidifying process compares figure (peanut straw charcoal adding proportion is 3% and 5%).
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
Alkaline residue matches somebody with somebody the influence applied to red soil acidity, Red Soil Fertility and yield of rape with organic fertilizer.
Conditioner-alkaline residue, which is dried to moisture, is less than 15%（Weight）After crush levigate；Organic fertilizer is organic commercial fertilizer.
Field experiment is carried out on Southern Part of Anhui Province acid soil, and selection physical features is flat, uniform soil quality field, hillslope processes
10m × 2m is set to, the wide protection rows of 2m are stayed on test block periphery.Setup Experiments control, alkaline residue, organic fertilizer and alkaline residue+organic fertilizer etc.
Processing, every group of processing is repeated 3 times, and processing is arranged by random.Conditioner is uniformly applied to cell upper soll layer, rake is turned over
It is even, sow, apply fertilizer according to a conventional method after one week, and each processing dose is identical.Modifying agent consumption is the kg/ha of alkaline residue 2250, is had
Machine 7500 kg/ha of fertilizer, are next year applied.Harvested respectively by cell after rape is ripe, rape seed and stalk are weighed after drying.Receive
After obtaining, topsoil is gathered respectively by cell（0-20 cm）Pedotheque, levigate rear measure soil pH, Exchange alkalinity are air-dried by sample
And the content of organic matter.Fig. 1 for it is each processing yield of rape result, compared with the control, using alkaline residue, organic fertilizer and both with apply
The yield of rape stalk and seed is significantly improved, but alkaline residue and organic fertilizer match somebody with somebody the effect applied better than the effect that both are administered alone
Really.Fig. 2 is soil pH and Exchange alkalinity content after crop harvesting, is as a result shown, singly applies alkaline residue and significantly improves soil pH, but single
The effect of organic fertilizer lifting soil pH is limited, and alkaline residue is better than with the effect for applying lifting soil pH with organic fertilizer but applies alkaline residue.Alkali
The effect of slag and organic fertilizer processing reduction soil exchangeable acid is consistent with the effect for lifting soil pH.Fig. 3 results show, alkaline residue with
Organic fertilizer, which matches somebody with somebody to apply, significantly improves soil organic matter content, compared with the control content of organic matter increase by 6.5%.Therefore, alkaline residue and organic
Fertile compounding application can improve soil organic matter content while improved soil acidity, lift soil fertility, greatly improve acid
Crop yield on property soil.
Embodiment 2
The anti-acid ability of straw biomass charcoal compares.
The preparation of conditioner and property-will peanut straw charcoal shine dry grinding after be put into ceramic crucible, cover crucible cover,
It is put into Muffle furnace and is heated to 400 DEG C, constant 3 hours of keeping temperature takes out sample after closing Muffle furnace power supply, natural cooling,
Peanut straw biomass carbon is made.Biomass carbon is prepared with same method as raw material using corn, rape, rice straw to be used to
Comparative studies.Fig. 4 stalks show that biomass carbon yield prepared by peanut straw is higher than life prepared by maize straw and rape stalk
Material charcoal, but it is close with biomass carbon prepared by straw.
The anti-acid ability of conditioner-weigh the g of biomass carbon 0.6 prepared by Different Crop stalk respectively, adds 60 mL
After deionized water, in logical N2Under the conditions of, balance 1h with magnetic stirrer.By autotitrator, with 0.2M HNO3Will be outstanding
Liquid system pH is titrated to 2.0.From accompanying drawing 5 as can be seen that in the four kinds of straw biological charcoals prepared, peanut straw charcoal is to sour buffering
Ability is most strong.In the range of identical pH, more polyacid can be consumed.Therefore, in 4 kinds of straw biomass charcoals, peanut straw charcoal
Anti-acid ability is most strong.
Embodiment 3
Influence of the straw biomass charcoal to the anti-acid ability of red soil.
The preparation be the same as Example 2 of the preparation of conditioner --- straw biomass charcoal.
By taking the red soil that Jiangxi Yingtan Tertiary Period Red Sandstone is developed as an example, 120 g pedotheques are weighed, respectively with the 5% of native weight
Biomass carbon prepared by different stalks is added, is put into after being sufficiently mixed uniformly in plastic beaker, addition deionized water contains soil
Runoff investigation seals plastic cup to the 70% of water-retaining quantity among field of soil with preservative film, and stays an aperture therebetween, so as to gas
Body exchanges and reduces moisture loss.Then plastic cup is placed in incubated in 25 DEG C of constant incubator, weighed simultaneously every 3 days
Keep the skin wet, to keep soil moisture content constant.After culture 30 days, soil sample is taken out, it is levigate after air-drying to cross 0.25mm sieves, use soda acid
Titration curve method determines acid buffering capacity of soil (pHBC).The result of accompanying drawing 6 shows that four kinds of straw biomass charcoals of addition are significantly carried
The pHBC of high soil, but peanut straw charcoal lifts effect to soil pH BC preferably, and the pHBC of peanut straw charcoal processing is significantly higher than
Other three kinds of biomass carbon processing, about the 2 of control treatment times, the processing compared with other straw charcoals improve 23%-62%.
By adding Ca (OH)2Soil pH is adjusted to similar to addition biomass carbon, identical culture is then carried out real
Test, the pedotheque obtained is used as the control of Mimicry acidifying.Different disposal pedotheque 4.00g is weighed respectively in plastic centrifuge
Guan Zhong, adds the HNO of 20mL increasing concen-trations respectively3Solution, carries out simulation soil acidification experiment, after sample is mixed with acid solution
2h is shaken, stands and suspension pH is determined after 24h.The Mimicry acidifying result of accompanying drawing 7 shows, although addition Ca (OH)2With addition stalk
The initial soil pH of biomass carbon processing is identical, but they and HNO3After reaction, there is very big difference in the fall of soil pH,
Addition plus Ca (OH)2The fall of processing is maximum, and addition peanut straw charcoal processing soil pH fall is minimum, other 3 kinds
Charcoal processing is between 2.This explanation straw biological charcoal improves the anti-acid ability of soil, and peanut straw charcoal is to soil
The lifting effect of the anti-acid ability of earth is best.Therefore, the biomass carbon prepared by peanut straw can more efficiently improve acid
The anti-acid ability of property soil, slows down multiple acidization.
Embodiment 4
Peanut straw charcoal is to administration alkaline residue and the lifting effect of the anti-acid ability of the red soil of organic fertilizer
The preparation of conditioner --- alkaline residue and organic fertilizer be the same as Example 1, peanut straw charcoal be the same as Example 2.
So that alkaline residue in embodiment 1 and organic fertilizer match somebody with somebody the pedotheque for applying cell collection as an example, air-dried pedotheque 120 is weighed
G, adds 3% and 5% peanut straw charcoal respectively, then carries out culture experiment by the method applied in example 2.In addition, preparing addition Ca
(OH)2Pedotheque carries out identical culture experiment, the control treatment as Mimicry acidifying.After all processing cultures terminate, soil
Earth sample is air-dried, the levigate mesh sieve of mistake 60, then carries out Mimicry acidifying experiment.Mimicry acidifying method is same as Example 3.Accompanying drawing 8
As a result show, soil and alkaline residue+organic fertilizer after acid reaction that+the processing soil pH fall of peanut straw charcoal is less than alkaline residue+has
Machine fertilizer+Ca (OH)2Processing, illustrate that adding peanut straw charcoal improves the anti-acid ability of soil, has significantly slowed acid soil
The multiple acidization of earth, the effect for adding 5% peanut straw charcoal is more preferable.Therefore, alkaline residue+organic fertilizer+peanut straw charcoal is matched somebody with somebody and applied not only
Can notable improved soil acidity, lift soil fertility, and then increase crop yield, and improved effect can be extended, slow down
Multiple acidization.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of composition for adjusting soil aciditiy, it is characterised in that be made up of straw biomass charcoal, alkaline residue and organic fertilizer, wherein
The mass ratio of straw biomass charcoal, alkaline residue and organic fertilizer is（80~100）:（6~15）:50.
2. the composition of soil aciditiy is adjusted according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the stalk is peanut straw, peanut
Peanut straw is dried after harvest, crushed, is put into afterwards in retort, it is natural after heating charing 3 hours at a temperature of 400 DEG C
Cooling is made.
3. the composition of soil aciditiy is adjusted according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the alkaline residue is that ammonia-soda process is pure
The byproduct produced during alkali.
4. the composition of soil aciditiy is adjusted according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the organic fertilizer is animal dung through corruption
Solve the organic commercial fertilizer of production.
5. the application of the composition of soil aciditiy is adjusted described in claim 1, it is characterised in that to Quaternary Period red clay, basalt
With the clayey acid soil of the parent material development such as plate shale, the amount of application of peanut straw charcoal is 15000 kg/ha；pH<When 4.5, alkali
Slag amount of application is 2250 kg/ha；5.0>pH>When 4.5, alkaline residue amount of application is 1500 kg/ha；Granite and sandstone matrix are sent out
The sandy soil educated, peanut straw charcoal amount of application is 12000 kg/ha；pH<When 4.5, alkaline residue amount of application is 1500 kg/ha；
5.0>pH>When 4.5, alkaline residue amount of application is 900 kg/ha；All acid soils, organic manure application rate is 7500 kg/ha；To pH
<4.5 acid soil, by above-mentioned metering continuous administration 2 years, annual 1 time, can be spaced 4 years and apply again afterwards；To 5.0>pH>
4.5 acid soil, after being applied 1 time by above-mentioned metering, interval is applied for 4 years again.
6. the application of the composition of regulation soil aciditiy according to claim 5, it is characterised in that described by alkaline residue, organic fertilizer
Uniformly spread fertilizer over the fields in upper soll layer, then uniformly mixed conditioner with topsoil soils by artificial or rotary cultivator with biomass carbon,
Crop is sowed or transplanted after one week.
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Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107955614A (en) * | 2017-11-29 | 2018-04-24 | 南昌大学 | A kind of Southern Red Soil modifying agent and its application method based on mining area tailings |
| CN108299122A (en) * | 2017-12-08 | 2018-07-20 | 江苏省农业科学院 | A kind of soil conditioner for repairing acidified soil |
| CN108441227A (en) * | 2018-03-27 | 2018-08-24 | 广东省生态环境技术研究所 | A kind of soil conditioner and its method of administration |
| CN108641729A (en) * | 2018-06-21 | 2018-10-12 | 遵义师范学院 | Tea place acid soil improving agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN108676564A (en) * | 2018-08-20 | 2018-10-19 | 沂南县迎辉农业开发有限公司 | A kind of acidic soil conditioner and preparation method being suitable for by heavy metal pollution |
| CN108998048A (en) * | 2018-09-27 | 2018-12-14 | 江西省农业科学院土壤肥料与资源环境研究所 | A kind of modification method of Southern Red Soil |
| CN109287355A (en) * | 2018-09-28 | 2019-02-01 | 华中农业大学 | The vegetation vertical structure optimization method that southern soil erosion scabland ecological functions are promoted |
| CN109565992A (en) * | 2018-12-25 | 2019-04-05 | 烟台市农业技术推广中心(烟台市国际农发基金项目管理办公室） | A kind of method of regulating apple Orchard Soil quality |
| CN111778039A (en) * | 2020-08-12 | 2020-10-16 | 浙江省地质调查院 | Preparation of calcined biochar type conditioner and application method of conditioner |
| CN111943778A (en) * | 2020-08-20 | 2020-11-17 | 甘肃省农业科学院土壤肥料与节水农业研究所 | Organic agricultural acid soil potassium conditioner |
| CN113504344A (en) * | 2021-08-18 | 2021-10-15 | 中国科学院南京土壤研究所 | Method and device for evaluating long-acting performance of acid soil conditioner |
| CN115109598A (en) * | 2022-07-22 | 2022-09-27 | 中南民族大学 | Biochar-based acid soil conditioner and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN115141063A (en) * | 2022-04-02 | 2022-10-04 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Soil conditioner for acidified soil in northern orchard and application of soil conditioner |
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Cited By (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107955614A (en) * | 2017-11-29 | 2018-04-24 | 南昌大学 | A kind of Southern Red Soil modifying agent and its application method based on mining area tailings |
| CN108299122A (en) * | 2017-12-08 | 2018-07-20 | 江苏省农业科学院 | A kind of soil conditioner for repairing acidified soil |
| CN108441227A (en) * | 2018-03-27 | 2018-08-24 | 广东省生态环境技术研究所 | A kind of soil conditioner and its method of administration |
| CN108641729A (en) * | 2018-06-21 | 2018-10-12 | 遵义师范学院 | Tea place acid soil improving agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN108676564A (en) * | 2018-08-20 | 2018-10-19 | 沂南县迎辉农业开发有限公司 | A kind of acidic soil conditioner and preparation method being suitable for by heavy metal pollution |
| CN108998048A (en) * | 2018-09-27 | 2018-12-14 | 江西省农业科学院土壤肥料与资源环境研究所 | A kind of modification method of Southern Red Soil |
| CN109287355A (en) * | 2018-09-28 | 2019-02-01 | 华中农业大学 | The vegetation vertical structure optimization method that southern soil erosion scabland ecological functions are promoted |
| CN109565992A (en) * | 2018-12-25 | 2019-04-05 | 烟台市农业技术推广中心(烟台市国际农发基金项目管理办公室） | A kind of method of regulating apple Orchard Soil quality |
| CN111778039A (en) * | 2020-08-12 | 2020-10-16 | 浙江省地质调查院 | Preparation of calcined biochar type conditioner and application method of conditioner |
| CN111943778A (en) * | 2020-08-20 | 2020-11-17 | 甘肃省农业科学院土壤肥料与节水农业研究所 | Organic agricultural acid soil potassium conditioner |
| CN111943778B (en) * | 2020-08-20 | 2022-03-25 | 甘肃省农业科学院土壤肥料与节水农业研究所 | Organic agricultural acid soil potassium conditioner |
| CN113504344A (en) * | 2021-08-18 | 2021-10-15 | 中国科学院南京土壤研究所 | Method and device for evaluating long-acting performance of acid soil conditioner |
| CN115141063A (en) * | 2022-04-02 | 2022-10-04 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Soil conditioner for acidified soil in northern orchard and application of soil conditioner |
| CN115109598A (en) * | 2022-07-22 | 2022-09-27 | 中南民族大学 | Biochar-based acid soil conditioner and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN115109598B (en) * | 2022-07-22 | 2023-01-24 | 中南民族大学 | Biochar-based acid soil conditioner and preparation method and application thereof |
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Application publication date: 20170811 |