CN107024714A - A kind of processing method and processing device for realizing air gun source Quality Control - Google Patents
A kind of processing method and processing device for realizing air gun source Quality Control Download PDFInfo
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- CN107024714A CN107024714A CN201710181117.8A CN201710181117A CN107024714A CN 107024714 A CN107024714 A CN 107024714A CN 201710181117 A CN201710181117 A CN 201710181117A CN 107024714 A CN107024714 A CN 107024714A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/02—Generating seismic energy
- G01V1/133—Generating seismic energy using fluidic driving means, e.g. highly pressurised fluids; using implosion
- G01V1/137—Generating seismic energy using fluidic driving means, e.g. highly pressurised fluids; using implosion which fluid escapes from the generator in a pulsating manner, e.g. for generating bursts, airguns
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V13/00—Manufacturing, calibrating, cleaning, or repairing instruments or devices covered by groups G01V1/00 – G01V11/00
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V2210/00—Details of seismic processing or analysis
- G01V2210/10—Aspects of acoustic signal generation or detection
- G01V2210/12—Signal generation
- G01V2210/121—Active source
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V2210/00—Details of seismic processing or analysis
- G01V2210/10—Aspects of acoustic signal generation or detection
- G01V2210/12—Signal generation
- G01V2210/129—Source location
- G01V2210/1293—Sea
Abstract
The application provides a kind of processing method and processing device for realizing air gun source Quality Control.Methods described includes：The corresponding near-field wavelet record of single-shot earthquake record is subjected to linear superposition at the wave detector receiving point nearest apart from pneumatic gun seismic source array center, near-field wavelet after superposition is formed and records；Calculate the bubble ratio that near-field wavelet is recorded after the superposition；The average value for taking continuous K in the range of the same depth of water bubble ratios that normally the corresponding near-field wavelet of single-shot is recorded to make, is used as the standard bubble ratio of normal single-shot, K >=3；The quality information of the air gun source seismic acquisition data is determined based on the standard bubble ratio.Utilize each embodiment in the application, failure of the air-gun array with the presence or absence of bubble pressing result difference can be fast and effeciently recognized using near-field wavelet information, so as to targetedly remove to exclude related airgun trouble, and then ensure earthquake-capturing data quality, realize air gun source Quality Control monitoring and handle.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the technologies such as air gun source seismic acquisition, the geologic survey of marine environment and inland lake neck
Domain, more particularly to a kind of processing method and processing device for realizing air gun source Quality Control.
Background technology
Air gun source seismic acquisition technology is widely used in marine environment, with exploration engineering level
Continue to develop, to the quality control requirement more and more higher of air gun source, be embodied in such as gun pressure, capacity, sinking depth, no
In terms of synchronous, self-excitation and bubble compacting.
Air gun source type is mainly air cannon integrated mode, and total rifle number is general between 20-40 branch.The rifle of gun array battle array
Sum is more, the easier appearance of the bad phenomenon such as the asynchronous of rifle, self-excitation and bubble compacting, and the quality of bubble pressing result,
Data result influence on single-shot earthquake-capturing is great.The asynchronous failure of rifle can by rifle control system and its Log files
Quickly to recognize.When air-gun array bubble pressing result is poor, air-gun array will produce serious bubble effect, correspondingly
Abnormal first arrival just occurs in shake single-shot, and similar repeated impacts phenomenon directly affects the seismic data quality of acquisition.
In general, can be by using the sinking depth of relevant rifle combination and optimization array in pneumatic gun seismic source array design
The bubble amplitude that epicenter excitation is produced diminishes, and reaches the purpose of compacting bubble.But, current existing open source information also not on
Quality Control method of discrimination in terms of air-gun array bubble compacting, differentiates that air-gun array whether there is failure to realize qualitative, quantitative.
The content of the invention
The application purpose is to provide a kind of processing method and processing device for realizing air gun source Quality Control, it is possible to use near field
Ripple information fast and effeciently recognizes failure of the air-gun array with the presence or absence of bubble pressing result difference, so as to targetedly go to exclude phase
Airgun trouble is closed, and then ensures earthquake-capturing data quality, air gun source Quality Control monitoring is realized and handles.
What a kind of processing method and processing device for realizing air gun source Quality Control that the application is provided was realized in：
A kind of processing method for realizing air gun source Quality Control, methods described includes：
The corresponding near-field wavelet record of single-shot earthquake record is connect in the wave detector nearest apart from pneumatic gun seismic source array center
Linear superposition is carried out at sink, near-field wavelet after superposition is formed and records；
The bubble ratio that near-field wavelet is recorded after the superposition is calculated, the bubble ratio includes near field after the superposition
The peak swing value of first pressure pulse of ripple record and after being superimposed first bubble pulse of near-field wavelet record maximum
The ratio between amplitude；
What the bubble ratios for taking the corresponding near-field wavelet of the individual normally single-shots of the continuous K in the range of same depth of water to record were made is averaged
Value, is used as the standard bubble ratio of normal single-shot, K >=3；
The quality information of the air gun source seismic acquisition data is determined based on the standard bubble ratio.
In preferred embodiment, the linear superposition is realized using following formula：
In above formula, F (t) is expressed as being superimposed wavelet, and f (t) is single bullet ripple, and g (t) is ghost wavelet, diFor i-th gas
Distance of the rifle away from the nearest wave detector receiving point, di'For i-th air gun the virtual image away from the nearest wave detector receiving point
Distance, N be array in air gun number, c be speed of the sound wave in water.
In preferred embodiment, the value of the K is set to：K≥10.
In preferred embodiment, the value of the K is set to 10.
It is described that the air gun source seismic acquisition data is determined based on the standard bubble ratio in preferred embodiment
Quality information, including：
When occurring the corresponding bubble ratio of more than continuous N single-shot less than the standard bubble ratio, it is determined that no
Meet air-gun array bubble pressing requirements, M >=1.
In preferred embodiment, the value of the M is 5.
In preferred embodiment, it is less than the standard pressure when occurring the corresponding bubble ratio of more than continuous N single-shot
During the predetermined percentage of ratio, it is determined that do not meet air-gun array bubble pressing requirements, M >=1.
A kind of processing unit for realizing air gun source Quality Control, described device includes processor and the storage processor can
The memory of execute instruction,
It can be realized down during the computing device instruction：
The corresponding near-field wavelet record of single-shot earthquake record is connect in the wave detector nearest apart from pneumatic gun seismic source array center
Linear superposition is carried out at sink, near-field wavelet after superposition is formed and records；
The bubble ratio that near-field wavelet is recorded after the superposition is calculated, the bubble ratio includes near field after the superposition
The peak swing value of first pressure pulse of ripple record and after being superimposed first bubble pulse of near-field wavelet record maximum
The ratio between amplitude；
What the bubble ratios for taking the corresponding near-field wavelet of the individual normally single-shots of the continuous K in the range of same depth of water to record were made is averaged
Value, is used as the standard bubble ratio of normal single-shot, K >=3；
The quality information of the air gun source seismic acquisition data is determined based on the standard bubble ratio.
In preferred embodiment, the instruction of the memory storage is configured to include so that realizing profit during computing device
The linear superposition is realized with following formula：
In above formula, F (t) is expressed as being superimposed wavelet, and f (t) is single bullet ripple, and g (t) is ghost wavelet, diFor i-th gas
Distance of the rifle away from the nearest wave detector receiving point, di' for i-th air gun the virtual image away from the nearest wave detector receiving point
Distance, N be array in air gun number, c be speed of the sound wave in water.
In preferred embodiment, the value of the K is set to：K≥10.
It is described that the air gun source seismic acquisition data is determined based on the standard bubble ratio in preferred embodiment
Quality information, including：
When occurring the corresponding bubble ratio of more than continuous N single-shot less than the standard bubble ratio, it is determined that no
Meet air-gun array bubble pressing requirements, M >=1.
Or,
When occur the corresponding bubble ratio of more than continuous N single-shot be less than the standard pressure ratio predetermined percentage
When, it is determined that do not meet air-gun array bubble pressing requirements, M >=1.
In preferred embodiment, the value of the M is 5.
In preferred embodiment, the predetermined percentage is 50%.
A kind of processing method and processing device for realizing air gun source Quality Control that the application is provided, can be by calculating near-field wavelet
Bubble ratio and combine earthquake single shot record, quick effectively identification air-gun array causes ground with the presence or absence of bubble pressing result difference
Shake the phenomenon that abnormal first arrival occurs in single shot record, it is ensured that earthquake-capturing data quality, fill up an air gun source earthquake-capturing
The blank of Quality Control technology.
Brief description of the drawings
, below will be to embodiment or existing in order to illustrate more clearly of the embodiment of the present application or technical scheme of the prior art
There is the accompanying drawing used required in technology description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are only this
Some embodiments described in application, for those of ordinary skill in the art, are not paying the premise of creative labor
Under, other accompanying drawings can also be obtained according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a kind of method flow of embodiment of a kind of processing method for realizing air gun source Quality Control that the application is provided
Figure；
Fig. 2 is that a kind of modular structure of embodiment of a kind of processing unit for realizing air gun source Quality Control that the application is provided is shown
It is intended to；
Fig. 3 is the continuous normal single shot record schematic diagram of 10 big gun in one example of the application；
Fig. 4 is the corresponding linear superposition near-field wavelet record signal of the normal single shot record of 10 big guns in one example of the application
Figure；
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of the abnormal single shot record of continuous 5 big gun in one example of the application；
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram that near-field wavelet is recorded after multiple superpositions in one example of the application,
Fig. 7 is the abnormal single-shot of project and its corresponding near-field wavelet schematic diagram in one example of the application
Fig. 8 is the schematic diagram of normal single-shot and its corresponding near-field wavelet in one example of the application；
Fig. 9 is the schematic diagram of abnormal single-shot and its corresponding near-field wavelet in one example of the application.
Embodiment
In order that those skilled in the art more fully understand the technical scheme in the application, it is real below in conjunction with the application
The accompanying drawing in example is applied, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present application is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described implementation
Example only some embodiments of the present application, rather than whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the application, this area is common
The every other embodiment that technical staff is obtained under the premise of creative work is not made, should all belong to the application protection
Scope.
It would generally be mounted with that near-field wavelet wave detector obtains near-field wavelet information in the rifle battle array of air gun source, in general,
Near-field wavelet mainly has two big purposes, and one is Simulation of far-field wavelet, and two be monitoring focus working condition.In current practice,
Generally all be using near-field wavelet monitoring focus be mainly checklist rifle whether misplaced, judge whether the depth of depthkeeping rope wrong,
Whether the rifle for observing its position misfires, with the presence or absence of delay mistake and self-excitation phenomena (qualitative) etc., without utilizing near field
The information that wavelet is obtained carries out the Quality Control in terms of bubble compacting, does not form a kind of fast and effectively quality control method and comes qualitative fixed
Measure to differentiate that air-gun array whether there is failure.In the prior art also it has been proposed that the computational methods of a little bubble ratios, are mainly used in
The phenomena of the failure such as air gun self-excitation, and do not combined with earthquake record.Therefore, one kind that the application is provided realizes air gun source matter
The processing method of control has very important significance to the work of actual seismic data collection.
The method that the application is provided mainly is utilized on the basis of quantitative analysis rifle battle array near-field wavelet information, with reference near field
The seismic wave corresponding relation of abnormal information and single-shot on ripple, fast and effeciently differentiates that air-gun array suppresses effect with the presence or absence of bubble
Failure that is really poor and causing the abnormal first arrival of single-shot appearance.Fig. 1 is a kind of herein described processing side for realizing air gun source Quality Control
A kind of method flow diagram of embodiment of method.Although this application provides such as following embodiments or method operating procedure shown in the drawings
Or apparatus structure, but based on conventional or can include in methods described or device without performing creative labour more or more
Few operating procedure or modular unit.In the step of necessary causality is not present in logicality or structure, these steps
The modular structure of execution sequence or device is not limited to the embodiment of the present application or execution sequence shown in the drawings or modular structure.It is described
Method or the device in practice or end product of modular structure when applying, can be according to embodiment or shown in the drawings
Method or modular structure carry out order execution parallel perform the (environment of such as parallel processor or multiple threads, very
Extremely include the implementation environment of distributed treatment).
The method that the application one embodiment is provided, can be by calculating the bubble ratio of near-field wavelet and combining earthquake single-shot
Record, quick effectively identification air-gun array causes earthquake single shot record abnormal first arrival occur with the presence or absence of bubble pressing result difference
Phenomenon.Air-gun array can be by single or multiple group of subarrays into and subarray is by branched single rifle or multigroup relevant
Rifle is constituted.Generally, near-field wavelet sensor is being mounted with above the source center of single rifle or relevant rifle at 1m.Air gun
Focus is often excited once, and these near-field wavelet sensors can receive the near-field wavelet information of air gun source generation, and pass through
BigShot rifle control systems recorded in HYD files (similar SEG-Y files), while seismic instrument can receive corresponding earthquake
Collection information simultaneously forms single shot record.In the present embodiment, some known parameters needed for calculating, such as air gun battle array can be obtained
The coordinate position of each list rifle, the coordinate position of near-field wavelet sensor, the detection from array source center minimum distance in row
Speed, earthquake single shot record and the near field of the actual reception of air-gun array of point coordinates position, the reflection coefficient of sea surface, sound wave in water
Wavelet etc..These described known parameters to those skilled in the art can actual field application in read, mapping or
Calculating is obtained, of course it is not excluded being also possible to use other specification, or is equal with known parameters of the present invention or is deformed, converts
Other specification afterwards, detailed discussion one by one is not done herein.Specifically as described in Figure 1, one kind that the application is provided realizes air gun
A kind of embodiment of the processing method of focus Quality Control can include：
S1：By the corresponding near-field wavelet record of single-shot earthquake record in the wave detector nearest apart from pneumatic gun seismic source array center
Linear superposition is carried out at receiving point, near-field wavelet after superposition is formed and records.
In the present embodiment real-time scene, when air gun source is excited, the single-shot earthquake record of each big gun can be obtained in real time
Corresponding all near-field wavelets record, it is specific as the air gun source received mentioned by near-field wavelet sensor is produced
Near-field wavelet information.Then the corresponding near-field wavelet record of the earthquake single shot record of each big gun can be subjected to linear superposition, folded
Plus mode can gather at the position of the wave detector receiving point nearest apart from pneumatic gun seismic source array center.Described is linear folded
Plus, it is primarily referred to as referring to the time shift amount calculated according to the position relationship of shot point and receiving point, will be all near in receiving point position
Ground radio frequency channel carries out time shift summation, so as to obtain the near-field wavelet after one of new superposition, the near-field wavelet considers gas simultaneously
Rifle excites and received influence of two links to seismic data, its near-field wavelet characteristic value (bubble ratio, etc.) carried for data evaluation
Foundation is supplied.After linear superposition, the record of the near-field wavelet after one of new superposition can be formed.
In a kind of embodiment that the application is provided, the linear superposition of near-field wavelet record can be realized using following manner.
Specifically, in another embodiment of herein described method, it is possible to use following formula realize the linear superposition：
In above formula, F (t) is expressed as superposition wavelet (near-field wavelet is recorded after the superposition formed after superposition), f (t)
For single bullet ripple, g (t) is ghost wavelet, diBe i-th air gun arrives distance, d away from the nearest wave detector receiving pointi'
For distance of the virtual image away from the nearest wave detector receiving point of i-th air gun, N is air gun number in array, and c is sound wave in water
In speed.The acquisition of ghost wavelet data, it is possible to use ghost wavelet and direct wave in sea level location opposite polarity,
Amplitude is identical, and its energy and propagation distance these information that are inversely proportional determine to obtain.It is symmetrical on sea level based on the virtual image and focus
This information can obtain distance of the virtual image apart from receiving point.
Currently, the formula of above-mentioned offer is only to realize one of mode of the present embodiment linear superposition, by the deformation of parameter,
Conversion of formula etc. can also have other Superposition Formulas.It should be appreciated that anti-based on the present embodiment list bullet ripple and void
The technology practical range of the application all should be belonged to by penetrating the result that wavelet obtains after the summation of the nearest wave detector is subtracted each other, on
State the calculating implementation that formula is only a kind of exercisable embodiment of the reality provided.
In the embodiment of the present application, it can gather and obtain the near-field wavelet record that air gun source is produced, then by single-shot earthquake
Record corresponding near-field wavelet record and linear superposition carried out at the wave detector receiving point nearest apart from pneumatic gun seismic source array center,
Near-field wavelet after superposition is formed to record.
S2：The bubble ratio that near-field wavelet is recorded after the superposition is calculated, the bubble ratio includes near after the superposition
The peak swing value of first pressure pulse of signature record and first bubble pulse of near-field wavelet record after being superimposed
The ratio between peak swing value.
Wherein, first described pressure pulse can setting by air-gun array with first bubble pulse position
Count bubble period to obtain, by seclected time window, it is peak swing value that can take maximum true value.
S3：Take what continuous K in the range of the same depth of water bubble ratios that normally the corresponding near-field wavelet of single-shot is recorded were made
Average value, is used as the standard bubble ratio of normal single-shot, K >=3.
Specific processing procedure can be included in the range of same depth of water (can allow the presence of certain error, such as 20 meters
± 2 meters, now should be understood the same depth of water scope described in symbol the present embodiment), take the continuous K normal corresponding near fields of single-shot
The bubble ratio that signature record is calculated after being overlapped, and calculate the average value of K bubble ratio, using this average value as
The standard bubble ratio of normal single-shot, normal single-shot here can refer to that the pressure, capacity, sinking depth of rifle battle array are identical, and
There is no asynchronous, self-excitation, abnormal first arrival phenomenon in single-shot.Currently, can also be according to actual field handling situations or Quality Control requirement
Other normal single-shot conditions are set.
In the present embodiment, described K span can be a bubble ratio (nothing for the normal single-shot of at least three
Meaning, two almost without practical value).In the application embodiment, generally, if calculating standard bubble ratio institute
The value number of the normal single-shot used is less, then reliability is poor, the Quality Control result reference significance for judging air gun source
It is relatively low with accuracy.Based on this, in a kind of embodiment of the application, described K value is more than or equal to 3.The application's
In another embodiment, with reference to the Quality Control anticipated demand under actual most scenes, continuous 10 in the range of same depth of water can be taken
Big gun or the corresponding bubble ratio of the normal single-shot of the above are averaged, and described K value could be arranged to：K≥10.Certainly, it is excellent
In another embodiment of choosing, K value can be 10, and so, technical ability meets certain Quality Control requirement, due to being 10 times
Meaning sign of number, data processing and Quality Control etc. is all easy to operating personnel and understands and calculate.
It should be noted that this depth of water scope can have operating personnel according to actual field condition of construction and Quality Control requirement
Chosen and set.In addition, when there is the continuous K in many places satisfactory bubble ratio, a kind of embodiment can appoint
Meaning choose wherein one section as average value be used as standard bubble ratio.For example, when the continuous K for having numbering 1010~1020 is individual just
During the bubble ratio of the individual normal single-shot of bubble ratio and 1050~1060 continuous K of normal single-shot, wherein one can be arbitrarily selected
Section average value as Quality Control standard bubble ratio.
S4：The quality information of the air gun source seismic acquisition data is determined based on the standard bubble ratio.
The standard bubble ratio for judging seismic data quality is determined through the above way, then can further utilize
The standard bubble ratio realizes air gun source Quality Control.The processing of Quality Control requirement is specifically realized using the standard bubble ratio
Mode can require to use different processing modes according to actual Quality Control.For example directly the single-shot of collection is calculated after and
Standard bubble ratio is compared, if meeting certain preset requirement, it is considered that the single-shot meets Quality Control requirement.Also may be used
To occur judging when the bubble ratio of multiple single-shots is too small occurring abnormal first arrival scene etc. in contact.
A kind of processing method for realizing air gun source Quality Control that the embodiment of the present application is provided, air gun source can be found in time
Excite the phenomenon for causing single-shot abnormal first arrival occur because of bubble pressing result difference in operation process, it is ensured that earthquake-capturing data product
Matter, has filled up the blank of an air gun source earthquake-capturing Quality Control technology.
Another embodiment of methods described provides a specific quantization output Quality Control processing method.Specifically, institute
It is described that the air gun source seismic acquisition data is determined based on the standard bubble ratio in another embodiment for stating method
Quality information can include：
S401：When occurring the corresponding bubble ratio of more than continuous N single-shot less than the standard bubble ratio, then really
Surely air-gun array bubble pressing requirements, M >=1 are not met.Now can be with outputting alarm or prompt message.
In a kind of embodiment, it is believed that when there is the corresponding bubble ratio of earthquake single-shot less than standard bubble ratio then
Bubble pressing result is poor.In other embodiments, general, multiple bubble ratios can occur in contact and be less than standard bubble
Just think occur the scene of the abnormal first arrival of single-shot occur because of bubble pressing result difference during ratio.General seismic prospecting at sea
In, it is not allow for continuous 5 big gun single-shot and quality problems occurs, if there is then requires this 5 big gun being mended big gun again.Therefore, originally
Application is combined in another embodiment that practical application effect provides methods described, and the value of the M is 5.When having more than continuous 5
, can be by after the corresponding superposition of earthquake single-shot when the corresponding bubble ratio of big gun earthquake single shot record is less than standard bubble ratio
Near-field wavelet carry out record temporal correspondence, if near-field wavelet bubble pulse can be right with the abnormal first arrival occurred in single-shot
Ying Shang, illustrates whole rifle battle array compacting bubble effect difference, it is necessary to carry out rifle battle array maintenance.
Or, it is described to determine that the air gun source earthquake is adopted based on the standard bubble ratio in another embodiment
The quality information of collection data can include：
S402：It is predetermined less than the standard pressure ratio when occurring the corresponding bubble ratio of more than continuous N single-shot
During percentage, it is determined that do not meet air-gun array bubble pressing requirements.Now can be with outputting alarm or prompt message.
Under the implement scene of this embodiment, directly it can be compared with standard bubble ratio, but it is certain with it
The numeric ratio of percentage compared with.In the specific one embodiment of the application, the predetermined percentage is 50%, you can will continuously go out
, can be corresponding by earthquake single-shot when the bubble ratio of existing more than M single-shot is respectively less than the 50% of standard bubble ratio
Near-field wavelet after superposition carries out recording temporal correspondence, if near-field wavelet bubble pulse and the abnormal first arrival occurred in single-shot
On can corresponding to, illustrate whole rifle battle array compacting bubble effect difference, it is necessary to carry out rifle battle array maintenance.
The processing method for the sequential air gun source Quality Control that the above embodiments of the present application are provided, it is bright to find that air gun shakes in time
Single-shot is caused the phenomenon of abnormal first arrival occur because of bubble pressing result difference in source excitation operation process, it is ensured that earthquake-capturing data
Quality, has filled up the blank of an air gun source earthquake-capturing Quality Control technology.
Based on the processing method for realizing air gun source Quality Control described above, the application also provides one kind and realizes air gun source
The processing unit of Quality Control.Described device can include the use of herein described method system (including distributed system),
Software (application), module, component, server etc. and the device for combining necessary implementation hardware.Based on same innovation thinking, this Shen
Device in a kind of embodiment that please be provided is as described in the following examples.Because device solves the implementation and method of problem
It is similar, therefore the implementation of the specific device of the application may refer to the implementation of preceding method, repeats part and repeats no more.Following institute
Use, term " unit " or " module " can realize the combination of the software and/or hardware of predetermined function.Although implementing below
Device described by example is preferably realized with software, but hardware, or the realization of the combination of software and hardware is also possible
And be contemplated it is specific.Fig. 2 is a kind of a kind of embodiment of the processing unit for realizing air gun source Quality Control that the application is provided
Modular structure schematic diagram, as shown in Fig. 2 described device can include processor and store the processor-executable instruction
Memory,
It can be realized down during the computing device instruction：
The corresponding near-field wavelet record of single-shot earthquake record is connect in the wave detector nearest apart from pneumatic gun seismic source array center
Linear superposition is carried out at sink, near-field wavelet after superposition is formed and records；
The bubble ratio that near-field wavelet is recorded after the superposition is calculated, the bubble ratio includes near field after the superposition
The peak swing value of first pressure pulse of ripple record and after being superimposed first bubble pulse of near-field wavelet record maximum
The ratio between amplitude；
What the bubble ratios for taking the corresponding near-field wavelet of the individual normally single-shots of the continuous K in the range of same depth of water to record were made is averaged
Value, is used as the standard bubble ratio of normal single-shot, K >=3；
The quality information of the air gun source seismic acquisition data is determined based on the standard bubble ratio.
In a kind of embodiment, the instruction of the memory storage is configured to include to utilize so that realizing during computing device
Following formula realize the linear superposition：
In above formula, F (t) is expressed as superposition wavelet (near-field wavelet is recorded after the superposition formed after superposition), f (t)
For single bullet ripple, g (t) is ghost wavelet, diFor distance of i-th air gun away from the nearest wave detector receiving point, di' be
Distance of the virtual image of i-th air gun away from the nearest wave detector receiving point, N is air gun number in array, and c is sound wave in water
Speed.
In a kind of preferred embodiment of described device, the value of the K is set to：K≥10.
As it was previously stated, in another embodiment of described device, it is described described to determine based on the standard bubble ratio
The quality information of air gun source seismic acquisition data, including：
When occurring the corresponding bubble ratio of more than continuous N single-shot less than the standard bubble ratio, it is determined that no
Meet air-gun array bubble pressing requirements, M >=1.
Or,
When occur the corresponding bubble ratio of more than continuous N single-shot be less than the standard pressure ratio predetermined percentage
When, it is determined that do not meet air-gun array bubble pressing requirements, M >=1.
M in above two mode, value can be as described in preceding method for 5, and the predetermined percentage can take
It is worth for 50%.The corresponding bubble ratio of continuous 5 big gun earthquake single shot record ought be had more than less than or equal to standard bubble ratio
50% when, by after the corresponding superposition of earthquake single-shot near-field wavelet carry out record temporal correspondence, if near-field wavelet
Bubble pulse and the abnormal first arrival that occurs in single-shot can it is corresponding on, illustrate whole rifle battle array compacting bubble effect difference, it is necessary to carry out
Rifle battle array maintenance.
Device concrete implementation mode described in above-described embodiment may be referred to the associated description of preceding method embodiment,
This does not do and repeated one by one.The method or apparatus that the embodiment of the present application is provided, gas is fast and effeciently recognized using near-field wavelet information
Rifle array so as to targetedly go to exclude related airgun trouble, and then ensures ground with the presence or absence of the failure of bubble pressing result difference
Shake collection data quality, realizes air gun source Quality Control monitoring and handles.
Following is a concrete application using the application method or apparatus, and the innovation of the application is further illustrated with this
Thought and practical operation application.The embodiment of the present application has obtained fully should in certain bottom cable three dimensional seismic data collection project
With.Work area is located at Southern Bohai, and the source type that the project is used combines for air gun arrays, and combination is 3 winding displacements
Areal array, has 29 rifles, is mounted with 17 near-field wavelet sensors.Specific implementation includes as follows：
1st, taking the continuous normal single shot record of 10 big gun, (as shown in figure 3, Fig. 3 is, Fig. 4 is that the normal single-shot of 10 big guns is corresponding in Fig. 3
Linear superposition near-field wavelet schematic diagram) corresponding near-field wavelet record carries out linear superposition respectively.Single rifle, near-field wavelet in array
The position coordinates of sensor is as shown in table 1.The reception geophone station position coordinates of each single-shot recently is as shown in table 2, sound velocity in seawater
For 1500m/s, the reflection coefficient of sea surface is -1.
Single rifle, the position coordinates of near-field wavelet sensor in the array of table 1
The nearest geophone station receiving position coordinate of the normal single shot record of the big gun of table 2 10
| Nearest receiving point | X-coordinate | Y-coordinate | Z coordinate |
| Single-shot 1 | 12.6 | 34.7 | 22.0 |
| Single-shot 2 | 15.8 | 23.9 | 22.0 |
| Single-shot 3 | 21.0 | 27.8 | 22.0 |
| Single-shot 4 | 19.2 | 25.5 | 21.9 |
| Single-shot 5 | 15.2 | 26.5 | 21.8 |
| Single-shot 6 | 18.0 | 27.7 | 21.9 |
| Single-shot 7 | 16.0 | 28.2 | 22.0 |
| Single-shot 8 | 15.8 | 26.7 | 21.9 |
| Single-shot 9 | 19.8 | 23.2 | 21.9 |
| Single-shot 10 | 19.8 | 26.0 | 21.8 |
By linear superposition formula, the corresponding 17 road near-field wavelet of each single-shot is superposed to 1 road near-field wavelet, such as Fig. 4
Shown, left side represents that air gun source is often excited once in Fig. 4, the near-field wavelet information that all near-field wavelet sensors are received.
Figure right side represents that all near-field wavelets carry out obtaining one of new near-field wavelet record after linear superposition.Fig. 5 is multiple superpositions
The schematic diagram that near-field wavelet is recorded afterwards.
2nd, bubble ratio (P/B Ration) value of the near-field wavelet after linear superposition is calculated, 3 are shown in Table.
The bubble ratio of the corresponding superposition near-field wavelet of the normal single-shot of the big gun of table 3 10
The bubble ratio of the corresponding superposition near-field wavelet of the normal single-shot of 10 big guns is averaged, the Standard Gases of normal single-shot are obtained
It is 18.46 to steep ratio.
3rd, when constructing 163 wire harness, by calculating, the corresponding superposition near-field wavelet bubble of continuous 5 big gun single shot record is found
Than between 4.20-5.49, less than the 50% of standard bubble ratio.The reception geophone station position coordinates such as table of each single-shot recently
Shown in 4, superposition near-field wavelet bubble ratio result of calculation is as shown in table 5.It is corresponding with near-field wavelet by single-shot, find near-field wavelet
Bubble pulse and the abnormal first arrival that occurs in single-shot can corresponding upper (as shown in Figure 6, Figure 7, Fig. 6 be the abnormal single-shot of continuous 5 big gun
Schematic diagram is recorded, Fig. 7 is the abnormal single-shot of project and its corresponding near-field wavelet schematic diagram), show that air-gun array has failure, lead to
Cross after maintenance, rifle battle array working condition is normal.
The nearest geophone station receiving position coordinate of the big gun of table 45 exception single shot record
The bubble ratio of the corresponding superposition near-field wavelet of the big gun of table 55 exception single-shot
| Single shot record | Single-shot 1 | Single-shot 2 | Single-shot 3 | Single-shot 4 | Single-shot 5 | Average value |
| Bubble ratio | 5.49 | 5.26 | 4.38 | 4.20 | 4.35 | 4.74 |
Fig. 8 be in the schematic diagram of normal single-shot and its corresponding near-field wavelet in one example of the application, Fig. 8 left side for just
Normal earthquake single-shot, right side is the corresponding near-field wavelet of normal single-shot, and its bubble ratio is 19.97.Fig. 9 is one example of the application
In the schematic diagram of middle abnormal single-shot and its corresponding near-field wavelet, Fig. 9, the leftmost side is the corresponding all near fields of Unusual Seismic single-shot
It is the near-field wavelet after linear superposition in the middle of wavelet, figure, its bubble ratio is 4.73, and the rightmost side is corresponding abnormal single-shot.In Fig. 9
In, because near-field wavelet is that 50ms starts to receive signal before epicenter excitation, and earthquake single-shot is received simultaneously in epicenter excitation,
So the 0ms moment of near-field wavelet 50ms moment correspondence earthquake single-shot, as can be seen from Figure 9 the bubble pulse of near-field wavelet with
Earthquake single-shot exception first arrival correspondence (dotted line markings in figure).
It is 132772 big guns that the project amounts to production big gun number in the nearly activity duration of 4 months, is provided by the application
Quality control method, data qualification rate reached in 100%, single-shot not because caused by bubble pressing result difference abnormal first arrival show
As clearly, customer acceptance degree is very high for actual effect.The present invention not only ensure that taking for the optimal seismic data of CFD projects
, while also being escort for project Effec-tive Function, also providing reference well for offshore earthquake data collection refers to experience,
It is worth promoting and applies, indispensable technological means will be controlled as air gun source seismic acquisition quality.
In one embodiment of the application, take including：
A, the bubble ratio for taking continuous 10 big gun or the corresponding near-field wavelet of the normal single-shot of the above in the range of same depth of water
It is averaged, obtains the standard bubble ratio of normal single-shot.Here normal single-shot refers to the pressure, capacity, sinking depth of rifle battle array
It is identical, and there is no asynchronous, self-excitation, abnormal first arrival phenomenon in single-shot；
B, the Quality Control requirement with reference to the empty blown-out shot of air gun source earthquake-capturing, when having more than continuous 5 big gun earthquake single shot record pair
When the bubble ratio answered is less than or equal to the 50% of standard bubble ratio, by the near field after the corresponding superposition of earthquake single-shot
Wavelet carries out recording temporal correspondence, if near-field wavelet bubble pulse and the abnormal first arrival that occurs in single-shot can it is corresponding on,
Illustrate whole rifle battle array compacting bubble effect difference, it is necessary to carry out rifle battle array maintenance.
The understanding of this two step is to combine earthquake record with the bubble ratio of near-field wavelet, whether obtains air-gun array
In the presence of the phenomenon of compacting bubble effect difference.Earthquake record is not mentioned in certain methods of the prior art.That is
There is abnormal first arrival phenomenon in shake record, not it has been proposed that this is caused by rifle battle array compacting bubble difference.Rifle battle array compacting bubble is poor
And cause earthquake record to there is abnormal first arrival phenomenon, it is no before, the application puts forward first the problem of be cognitive
, and there is example to prove.There is obvious prediction effect in actual applications.
Although mentioning the calculation formula of linear superposition, standard bubble ratio calculation method in teachings herein, judging bubble
Formula definition, value, judgement, interaction, calculating of parameter value etc. of pressing result difference etc. are described, still, the application not office
It is limited to meet standard seismic acquisition and data processing method, the calculating of standard mathematical formula, the setting of Quality Control condition
Deng and embodiment described by situation etc., some professional standards or the implementation base described using self-defined mode or embodiment
On plinth embodiment amended slightly can also realize above-described embodiment it is identical, equivalent or close or deformation after it is anticipated that
Implementation result.Using the embodiment of the acquisition such as data acquisition, definition, judgement, value modes after these modifications or deformation, still
Within the scope of the optional embodiment that may belong to the application.
Although this application provides the method operating procedure as described in embodiment or flow chart, based on conventional or noninvasive
The means for the property made can include more or less operating procedures.The step of being enumerated in embodiment order is only numerous steps
A kind of mode in execution sequence, unique execution sequence is not represented., can when device or client production in practice is performed
To perform or perform parallel (such as at parallel processor or multithreading according to embodiment or method shown in the drawings order
The environment of reason, even distributed data processing environment).Term " comprising ", "comprising" or its any other variant are intended to contain
Lid nonexcludability is included, so that process, method, product or equipment including a series of key elements not only will including those
Element, but also other key elements including being not expressly set out, or also include being this process, method, product or equipment
Intrinsic key element.In the absence of more restrictions, be not precluded from the process including the key element, method, product or
Also there are other identical or equivalent elements in person's equipment.The first, the second grade word is used for representing title, and is not offered as any
Specific order.
Unit, device or module that above-described embodiment is illustrated etc., can specifically be realized by computer chip or entity, or
Realized by the product with certain function.For convenience of description, describe to be divided into various modules point during apparatus above with function
Do not describe.Certainly, when implementing the application can the function of each module in same or multiple softwares and/or hardware it is real
It is existing, the module for realizing same function can also be realized by the combination of multiple submodule or subelement etc..Dress described above
It is only schematical to put embodiment, for example, the division of the unit, only a kind of division of logic function, when actually realizing
There can be other dividing mode, such as multiple units or component can combine or be desirably integrated into another system, or one
A little features can be ignored, or not perform.It is another, shown or discussed coupling or direct-coupling or communication link each other
Connect can be can be electrical, machinery or other shapes by some interfaces, the INDIRECT COUPLING or communication connection of device or unit
Formula.
It is also known in the art that in addition to realizing controller in pure computer readable program code mode, it is complete
Controller can be caused with gate, switch, application specific integrated circuit, programmable by the way that method and step is carried out into programming in logic entirely
Logic controller realizes identical function with the form of embedded microcontroller etc..Therefore this controller is considered one kind
Hardware component, and the device for realizing various functions included to its inside can also be considered as the structure in hardware component.Or
Person even, not only can be able to will be the software module of implementation method but also can be hardware for realizing that the device of various functions is considered as
Structure in part.
The application can be described in the general context of computer executable instructions, such as program
Module.Usually, program module includes performing particular task or realizes routine, program, object, the group of particular abstract data type
Part, data structure, class etc..The application can also be put into practice in a distributed computing environment, in these DCEs,
Task is performed by the remote processing devices connected by communication network.In a distributed computing environment, program module can
With positioned at including in the local and remote computer-readable storage medium including storage device.
As seen through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can be understood that the application can
Realized by the mode of software plus required general hardware platform.Understood based on such, the technical scheme essence of the application
On the part that is contributed in other words to prior art can be embodied in the form of software product, the computer software product
It can be stored in storage medium, such as ROM/RAM, magnetic disc, CD, including some instructions are to cause a computer equipment
(can be personal computer, mobile terminal, server, or network equipment etc.) performs each embodiment of the application or implementation
Method described in some parts of example.
Each embodiment in this specification is described by the way of progressive, same or analogous portion between each embodiment
Divide mutually referring to what each embodiment was stressed is the difference with other embodiment.The application can be used for crowd
In more general or special purpose computing system environments or configuration.For example：Personal computer, server computer, handheld device or
Portable set, laptop device, multicomputer system, the system based on microprocessor, set top box, programmable electronics are set
Standby, network PC, minicom, DCE of mainframe computer including any of the above system or equipment etc..
Although depicting the application by embodiment, it will be appreciated by the skilled addressee that the application have it is many deformation and
Change is without departing from spirit herein, it is desirable to which appended claim includes these deformations and changed without departing from the application's
Spirit.
Claims (13)
1. a kind of processing method for realizing air gun source Quality Control, it is characterised in that methods described includes：
By the corresponding near-field wavelet record of single-shot earthquake record in the wave detector receiving point nearest apart from pneumatic gun seismic source array center
Place carries out linear superposition, forms near-field wavelet after superposition and records；
The bubble ratio that near-field wavelet is recorded after the superposition is calculated, the bubble ratio includes near-field wavelet after the superposition and remembered
The peak swing value of first pressure pulse of record and after being superimposed first bubble pulse of near-field wavelet record peak swing
The ratio between value；
The average value for taking continuous K in the range of the same depth of water bubble ratios that normally the corresponding near-field wavelet of single-shot is recorded to make,
It is used as the standard bubble ratio of normal single-shot, K >=3；
The quality information of the air gun source seismic acquisition data is determined based on the standard bubble ratio.
2. a kind of processing method for realizing air gun source Quality Control as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that utilize following formula
Realize the linear superposition：
In above formula, F (t) is expressed as being superimposed wavelet, and f (t) is single bullet ripple, and g (t) is ghost wavelet, diFor i-th air gun away from
The distance of the nearest wave detector receiving point, di'For i-th air gun the virtual image away from the nearest wave detector receiving point away from
From N is air gun number in array, and c is speed of the sound wave in water.
3. a kind of processing method for realizing air gun source Quality Control as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the value of the K
It is set to：K≥10.
4. a kind of processing method for realizing air gun source Quality Control as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that the value of the K
It is set to 10.
5. a kind of processing method for realizing air gun source Quality Control as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described based on described
Standard bubble ratio determines the quality information of the air gun source seismic acquisition data, including：
When occurring the corresponding bubble ratio of more than continuous N single-shot less than the standard bubble ratio, it is determined that do not meet
Air-gun array bubble pressing requirements, M >=1.
6. a kind of processing method for realizing air gun source Quality Control as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that the value of the M
For 5.
7. a kind of processing method for realizing air gun source Quality Control as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that continuous when occurring
When the corresponding bubble ratio of more than M single-shot is less than the predetermined percentage of the standard pressure ratio, it is determined that do not meet air gun
Array bubble pressing requirements, M >=1.
8. a kind of processing unit for realizing air gun source Quality Control, it is characterised in that described device includes processor and storage institute
The memory of processor-executable instruction is stated,
It can be realized down during the computing device instruction：
By the corresponding near-field wavelet record of single-shot earthquake record in the wave detector receiving point nearest apart from pneumatic gun seismic source array center
Place carries out linear superposition, forms near-field wavelet after superposition and records；
The bubble ratio that near-field wavelet is recorded after the superposition is calculated, the bubble ratio includes near-field wavelet after the superposition and remembered
The peak swing value of first pressure pulse of record and after being superimposed first bubble pulse of near-field wavelet record peak swing
The ratio between value；
The average value for taking continuous K in the range of the same depth of water bubble ratios that normally the corresponding near-field wavelet of single-shot is recorded to make,
It is used as the standard bubble ratio of normal single-shot, K >=3；
The quality information of the air gun source seismic acquisition data is determined based on the standard bubble ratio.
9. a kind of processing unit for realizing air gun source Quality Control as claimed in claim 8, it is characterised in that the memory is deposited
The instruction of storage is configured to include to realize the linear superposition using following formula so that realizing during computing device：
In above formula, F (t) is expressed as being superimposed wavelet, and f (t) is single bullet ripple, and g (t) is ghost wavelet, diFor i-th air gun away from
The distance of the nearest wave detector receiving point, di' for i-th air gun the virtual image away from the nearest wave detector receiving point away from
From N is air gun number in array, and c is speed of the sound wave in water.
10. a kind of processing unit for realizing air gun source Quality Control as claimed in claim 8, it is characterised in that the value of the K
It is set to：K≥10.
11. a kind of processing unit for realizing air gun source Quality Control as claimed in claim 8, it is characterised in that described to be based on institute
Standard bubble ratio is stated to determine the quality information of the air gun source seismic acquisition data, including：
When occurring the corresponding bubble ratio of more than continuous N single-shot less than the standard bubble ratio, it is determined that do not meet
Air-gun array bubble pressing requirements, M >=1；
Or,
When occur the corresponding bubble ratio of more than continuous N single-shot be less than the standard pressure ratio predetermined percentage when,
Then determine not meeting air-gun array bubble pressing requirements, M >=1.
12. a kind of processing unit for realizing air gun source Quality Control as claimed in claim 11, it is characterised in that the M's takes
It is worth for 5.
13. a kind of processing unit for realizing air gun source Quality Control as claimed in claim 11, it is characterised in that described predetermined hundred
Divide than being 50%.
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